EP1598440A1 - Method of gas carburizing - Google Patents
Method of gas carburizing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1598440A1 EP1598440A1 EP03723223A EP03723223A EP1598440A1 EP 1598440 A1 EP1598440 A1 EP 1598440A1 EP 03723223 A EP03723223 A EP 03723223A EP 03723223 A EP03723223 A EP 03723223A EP 1598440 A1 EP1598440 A1 EP 1598440A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- carburizing
- gas
- temperature
- treatment object
- partial pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
Abstract
Description
The treatment object is austenitized when heated to a temperature above the GS line or ES line in the iron-carbon equilibrium diagram shown in Fig. 1. If the concentration of carbon in the surface layer of the treatment object exceeds the JE line, melting is started in the surface layer. The present inventor has found out that an upper limit value of a partial pressure of carburizing gas at which the surface layer of the treatment object is not melted exists under given carburizing conditions such as carburizing temperature and carburizing time, and that this upper limit value decreases with the increase in carburizing temperature and increases with the decrease in carburizing time. Because the carburizing temperature range in the method of gas carburizing in accordance with the present invention is from not higher than the peritectic point temperature (1494°C) to not less than the eutectic point temperature (1147°C), the carburizing time can be greatly reduced. Moreover, setting the partial pressure of carburizing gas to not higher than the predetermined upper limit value makes it possible to carry out carburizing at a high temperature without causing melting in the surface layer of the treatment object. As a result, the amount of consumed energy can be greatly reduced and energy can be saved. Furthermore, the gas carburizing process can be carried out in series with other processes, for example, machining processes or different heat treatment processes.
As a result, the carburizing time can be shortened significantly by raising the carburizing temperature. Moreover, because the concentration of carbon in the surface layer of the treatment object does not exceed the set target value, the carbon diffusion treatment process is unnecessary. As a result, productivity can be increased. Furthermore, the gas carburizing treatment process can be carried out in series with other heat treatment processes. Therefore, it is preferred that the treatment object is cooled without carrying out a diffusion treatment after the gas carburization has been carried out. It is also preferred that the treatment object is reheated after the cooling. The reheating is carried out, for example, by induction heating. It is also preferred that quenching treatment of the reheated treatment object is carried out. Cooling for the quenching treatment is carried out, for example, by oil cooling or gas cooling. In terms of shortening the carburizing time, it is preferred that the carburizing temperature is set at 1200°C or higher.
In this case, prior to implementing the method of gas carburizing, it is preferred that limiting carburizing conditions are predetermined, those conditions are set such that the surface layer of a sample of a steel treatment object present in a carburizing atmosphere is austenitized without melting at a carburizing temperature which is not higher than the peritectic point temperature at which δ iron and liquid phase are transformed into γ iron and is not less than the eutectic point temperature at which liquid phase is transformed into γ iron and cementite. The limiting carburizing conditions comprise the upper limit value of the partial pressure of carburizing gas in the carburizing atmosphere at which the surface layer of the sample is austenitized without melting. The treatment object is austenitized when heated to a temperature above the GS line or ES line in the iron-carbon equilibrium diagram shown in Fig. 1. If the concentration of carbon in the surface layer of the treatment object exceeds the JE line, melting is started in the surface layer. An upper limit value of the partial pressure of carburizing gas at which the surface layer of the treatment object is not melted exists under given carburizing conditions such as carburizing temperature and carburizing time. Predetermining the limiting carburizing conditions comprising the upper limit value of the partial pressure of carburizing gas facilitates setting the partial pressure of carburizing gas and carburizing time.
For example, because the surface of the
Fig. 7 shows the relationship between the hardness (Hv) and the distance (depth) (mm) from the surface of the
Fig. 8 shows the relationship between the hardness (Hv) and the distance (depth) (mm) from the surface of the treatment object that was gas carburized under the following carburizing conditions: carburizing temperature 1300°C, carburizing
Fig. 9 shows the relationship between the hardness (Hv) and the distance (depth) (mm) from the surface of the
Fig. 10 shows the relationship between the hardness (Hv) and the distance (depth) (mm) from the surface of the treatment object that was gas carburized under the following carburizing conditions: carburizing temperature 1300°C, carburizing
Figs. 7 through 10 confirm that the carburized layer with a sufficient effective carburization depth can be obtained within a carburizing time of 1 through 10 min. Further, the partial pressure of methane, which is a carburizing gas, is obtained by multiplying the total pressure of carburizing atmosphere by the methane concentration. In the example shown in Figs. 7 through 10, the total pressure of carburizing atmosphere was about 80 kPa.
The metal structure prior to quenching of the surface layer of the
Claims (8)
- A method of gas carburizing comprising the steps of:predetermining limiting carburizing conditions at which the surface layer of a sample of a steel treatment object present in a carburizing atmosphere is austenitized without melting at a carburizing temperature which is not higher than a peritectic point temperature at which δ iron and liquid phase are transformed into γ iron and not less than a eutectic point temperature at which liquid phase is transformed into γ iron and cementite; andgas carburizing the treatment object under carburizing conditions which are set so as not to contradict the limiting carburizing conditions, at a carburizingtemperature which is not higher.than the peritectic point temperature and not less than the eutectic point temperature, whereinthe limiting carburizing conditions comprise an upper limit value of a partial pressure of carburizing gas in the carburizing atmosphere at which the surface layer of the sample is austenitized without melting.
- The method of gas carburizing according to claim 1, wherein the limiting carburizing conditions comprise an upper limit value of carburizing temperature and an upper limit value of carburizing time at which the surface layer of the sample is austenitized without melting, the relationship between the upper limit value of the partial pressure of carburizing gas, the upper limit value of carburizing temperature, and the upper limit value of carburizing time is predetermined, and the partial pressure of carburizing gas, carburizing temperature, and carburizing time are set as the carburizing conditions of the treatment object so as not to contradict the limiting carburizing conditions which satisfy the predetermined relationship.
- A method of gas carburizing characterized in that when gas carburization of a steel treatment object is carried out,
a carburizing temperature is set at a temperature which is not higher than a peritectic point temperature at which δ iron and liquid phase are transformed into γ iron and not less than a eutectic point temperature at which liquid phase is transformed into γ iron and cementite;
a target value of carbon concentration in the surface of the treatment object is set at a value which is not higher than a value at which the surface of the treatment object is not melted at the set carburizing temperature; and
a partial pressure of carburizing gas in a carburizing atmosphere is set at a value at which the carbon concentration in the surface of the treatment object can reach the set target value as a result of gas carburization carried out during a preset time. - The method of gas carburizing according to claim 3, wherein the treatment object is cooled without carrying out a diffusion treatment after the gas carburization has been carried out.
- The method of gas carburizing according to claim 4, wherein the treatment object is reheated after the cooling.
- The method of gas carburizing according to claim 5, wherein hardening of the reheated treatment object is carried out.
- The method of gas carburizing according to any of claims 3 to 6, wherein the carburizing temperature is set at 1200°C or higher.
- The method of gas carburizing according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein said gas carburizing is carried out, while causing the carburizing atmosphere comprising the carburizing gas at a constant partial pressure to flow.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2002/005767 WO2003104515A1 (en) | 2002-06-11 | 2002-06-11 | Method of gas carburizing |
WOPCT/JP02/05767 | 2002-06-11 | ||
JP2002342505 | 2002-11-26 | ||
JP2002342505 | 2002-11-26 | ||
PCT/JP2003/005422 WO2003104516A1 (en) | 2002-06-11 | 2003-04-28 | Method of gas carburizing |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1598440A1 true EP1598440A1 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
EP1598440A4 EP1598440A4 (en) | 2008-06-18 |
EP1598440B1 EP1598440B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
Family
ID=29738195
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03723223A Expired - Lifetime EP1598440B1 (en) | 2002-06-11 | 2003-04-28 | Method of gas carburizing |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1598440B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3696614B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100592757B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1257305C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003235955A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60333039D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003104516A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1939318A3 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2009-10-14 | General Electric Company | Carburization process for stabilizing nickel-based superalloys |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2005003401A1 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2006-08-17 | 光洋サーモシステム株式会社 | Gas carburizing method |
JP4569181B2 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2010-10-27 | 株式会社Ihi | Vacuum carburizing method |
CN1304624C (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2007-03-14 | 大连华锐股份有限公司 | Method for supplementing carbon on machine element surface |
JP7189115B2 (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2022-12-13 | 株式会社日本テクノ | Gas carburizing method and gas carburizing apparatus |
CN113385763B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2022-08-26 | 成都共益缘真空设备有限公司 | Vacuum reflow soldering positive and negative pressure combined soldering process |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2284616A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-06-14 | Nsk Ltd | Rolling bearing |
JP2001214255A (en) * | 2000-01-31 | 2001-08-07 | Oriental Engineering Co Ltd | Gas-hardening treatment method for metal surface |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06192815A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-12 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Continuous carburization equipment for metallic strip |
JP3385722B2 (en) * | 1994-06-15 | 2003-03-10 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Carburizing and quenching method |
JPH0959756A (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1997-03-04 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Production of high bearing resistant carburized parts |
JP3329210B2 (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 2002-09-30 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Method for producing case hardened steel and case hardened steel manufactured by the method |
JP3246657B2 (en) * | 1998-01-14 | 2002-01-15 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Manufacturing method of high surface pressure member |
JP4041602B2 (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2008-01-30 | Dowaホールディングス株式会社 | Vacuum carburizing method for steel parts |
JP2001081543A (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-03-27 | Chugai Ro Co Ltd | Vacuum carburizing method |
-
2003
- 2003-04-28 JP JP2004511572A patent/JP3696614B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-28 WO PCT/JP2003/005422 patent/WO2003104516A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-04-28 CN CNB038008556A patent/CN1257305C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-28 AU AU2003235955A patent/AU2003235955A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-28 EP EP03723223A patent/EP1598440B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-28 KR KR1020047002043A patent/KR100592757B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-04-28 DE DE60333039T patent/DE60333039D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2284616A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-06-14 | Nsk Ltd | Rolling bearing |
JP2001214255A (en) * | 2000-01-31 | 2001-08-07 | Oriental Engineering Co Ltd | Gas-hardening treatment method for metal surface |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO03104516A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8123872B2 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2012-02-28 | General Electric Company | Carburization process for stabilizing nickel-based superalloys |
EP1939318A3 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2009-10-14 | General Electric Company | Carburization process for stabilizing nickel-based superalloys |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3696614B2 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
CN1545566A (en) | 2004-11-10 |
JPWO2003104516A1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
AU2003235955A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
CN1257305C (en) | 2006-05-24 |
WO2003104516A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
EP1598440B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
EP1598440A4 (en) | 2008-06-18 |
KR20040106279A (en) | 2004-12-17 |
DE60333039D1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
KR100592757B1 (en) | 2006-06-26 |
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