Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
  • D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
  • D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
  • D01H5/32—Regulating or varying draft
  • D01H5/38—Regulating or varying draft in response to irregularities in material ; Measuring irregularities
  • D01H5/42—Regulating or varying draft in response to irregularities in material ; Measuring irregularities employing electrical time-delay devices
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
  • D01G31/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop motions
  • D01G31/006—On-line measurement and recording of process and product parameters

Definitions

• the invention relates to a textile machine, in particular a card, draw frame or comber, with at least two electrical drives which are coordinated with one another in terms of their rotational speeds in accordance with a master functionality, for driving machine elements, in particular fiber material drafting elements, measuring elements, transport elements and / or storage elements, and with at least one measuring device for Actual value acquisition of drive and / or fiber material-related measured variables.
• DE 29 41 612 C2 discloses a stretch for doubling and drawing fiber slivers with a drafting system which has pairs of rollers driven by separate electric motors, the speed ratios of which can be adjusted by means of frequency dividers.
• a central computer unit continuously calculates the sliver mass of the passing sliver and specifies target speeds for the different pairs of rollers.
• the master-slave principle is used in this machine and in other known textile machines with individual drives.
• the term “single drive” is understood here to mean that several drives are provided, one of which drives one or more axes.
• a real motor axis is defined as the master, with the remaining axes of the electrical drives
• a virtual master is set up that generates setpoints without any deviation from the theoretically ideal form.
• all slaves are synchronized to the same sampling time by a clock signal from the virtual master
• the virtual master also polls the slave drives during operation at regular intervals (so-called polling), with the corresponding data generally being transmitted via bus connections.
• a disadvantage of these textile machines is that the use of the known master-slave principle cannot guarantee that all drives are operated in optimal synchronization with one another.
• BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE It is an object of the present invention to improve the accuracy of distortion when using multiple drives in a textile machine and in particular in a spinning machine with a drafting system.
• this object is achieved by at least one control and / or regulating unit, by means of which master function changes can be carried out as a function of the actual values.
• the master functionality can change in accordance with the respective conditions. It is thus possible that the master function can currently be assigned to one of several drives by the at least one control and / or regulating unit according to the invention. In the meantime, a virtual master can also specify the engine speeds. This results in the possibility that different drives serve as the current master at different times. Depending on the current situation, the master function can thus be passed on - and possibly also transferred to a virtual master.
• the actual values are preferably transmitted to the centrally or decentrally designed control and / or regulating unit, which uses these values to determine the current master.
• this unit also specifies the corresponding new target speeds for the drives, taking into account further parameters, if necessary.
• the values for measuring the belt cross section in front of the drafting system are included in the calculation of the target speeds.
• the determination of the master functionality on the one hand and the specification of the new target speeds on the other hand can also be distributed among different units.
• the currently weakest drive particularly preferably takes on the role of the master, in order not to overload this drive, for example, or to maintain a continuously good strip quality for the example of a regulating section.
• the at least one Control and / or regulating unit operating according to the invention receives the instantaneous actual values from the corresponding measuring device (or signals derived or preprocessed from these actual values). From this, the setpoint speeds for the other drives are preferably calculated and passed on to the drives in the case of a regulating section, in particular taking into account the current strip cross-section fluctuations.
• limit values makes sense because, for example, when measuring the motor current consumption within certain actual value ranges of a drive that is currently functioning as a slave, there is no need to make it the master drive. Only beyond the corresponding limit value does the current consumption measuring element of this drive signal that this drive cannot follow the current requirements and therefore sensibly takes on the master function so that the other drives can follow it. ,
• the polling and / or regulating unit does not carry out a constant or regular polling.
• the current master-slave distribution corresponds to the current drive requirements - such a query on the part of the control and / or regulating unit is not necessary.
• instantaneous actual values recorded by a measuring device - possibly after preparation - are preferably only transmitted if they lie outside a predetermined value range.
• Different measured variables can be measured by means of suitable measuring devices, the actual values (or signals derived therefrom) are transmitted to the control and / or regulating unit determining the master functionality. So NEN especially measuring devices for measuring the speeds of the drive axles or speed changes may be provided. As an alternative or in addition, torques, the motor currents of the drives, the phase shift and / or the phase angle of the drives, the speed of rotation or their time derivative as well as the motor temperatures can be measured. Alternatively or additionally, for example, thick spots and / or fiber material properties are measured by means of measuring devices or sensors.
• a tracer roll signal is measured for the sliver cross-section (the terms sliver mass, sliver thickness or sliver volume are also known)
• this signal can be used on the tracer roll in order to find a virtual master at a very large thick point, which is used, for example, in a control and / or control unit can be integrated, which allows all drives and thus the entire machine to run more slowly in order to ensure an accurate delay at the lower delivery speed.
• actual values can be measured for measured variables which are related to the drives or the fiber material or the stretching.
• the invention achieves a very high degree of flexibility with regard to the drives, since, compared to the prior art, there is no dependency on the part of continuously subordinate drives on one and the same master drive or a virtual master. Rather, the invention makes it possible to implement a tracking error-dependent setpoint value regulation, in which the master control function can be transferred depending on the situation. In a preferred embodiment, for example, this is done by transferring the master to the currently weakest drive.
• the invention can be used in textile machines and in particular in spinning machines with a drafting system in which at least two drives are provided. These drives either drive a single or multiple elements. Such drives can in particular be provided on a draw frame for take-off rolls at the drafting system entrance, input rolls, middle rolls and / or output or delivery rolls of the drafting device, draw-off rolls at the drafting device output, a rotating plate arranged above a can, and a rotating or oscillating can Footprint for a storage can to be filled. According to the above, several of the aforementioned elements can also be driven by a single motor. For example, a motor can be used for the pair of output rollers as well as for the subsequent pair of calenders (draw-off roller pair).
• a second motor can drive a pair of feeler rollers upstream of the drafting system as well as the input roller pair and the center roller pair of the drafting system.
• a third motor can act as a feed drive, this drive being used in particular to pull the feed tapes out of the feed cans.
• a fourth drive then drives, for example, the turntable and the can stand. Different variations of such a structure are possible.
• the strip cross-section measured values measured in front of the drafting unit are expediently transmitted to a regulating computer, which calculates the set values or setpoint values for the drafting unit drives.
• These target values are then forwarded within the scope of the invention to the control and / or regulating unit, which adjusts these target speeds as a function of the current actual values (ie the current master) and adjusts the possibly modified target speeds passes the drives on.
• the control and / or regulating unit thus takes over the synchronization of the drives.
• the target speeds calculated on the basis of the belt fluctuations can also be adjusted in the regulation computer using the actual values mentioned.
• the control and / or regulating unit operating according to the invention can be designed as a central unit.
• the target speeds for all drives are determined, taking into account the setting values or target values for the drafting system drives calculated by the regulation computer, and all drives are specified.
• a control and / or regulating unit can also be assigned to individual drives or each drive - also referred to as “motion control” -, preferably designed as a programmable logic controller (PLC).
• PLC programmable logic controller
• one of the programmable logic controllers is for the Receiving the actual values of the individual measuring devices, calculating the new ones actual target speeds on the basis of the target speeds calculated by the regulatory computer for the drafting system drives and the. responsible for transmission to the appropriate drives.
• PLC programmable logic controller
• one of the programmable logic controllers is for the Receiving the actual values of the individual measuring devices, calculating the new ones actual target speeds on the basis of the target speeds calculated by the regulatory computer for the drafting system drives and the. responsible for transmission to the appropriate drives.
• a central control and / or regulating unit can also flex
• the at least one control and / or regulating unit can limit the new target speeds for all drives - including the current master drive - beyond what is currently necessary, so that the machine is either briefly or over a longer period with less dynamics is operated.
• This situation can be interpreted in the context of the invention in such a way that the currently weakest drive briefly functions as a master, according to which the other drives have to comply. If the speeds are then reduced further, a takeover of the master function by a virtual master can be seen in this.
• the duration of the dynamic reduction can depend on the currently weakest drive and, for example, its degree of overload.
• the dynamics of the machine are significantly higher when the setpoint speeds of all drives are continuously adjusted, so that the delivery speed of the sliver leaving the line changes more often, but high productivity results.
• communication between the individual drives with one another and / or with a central control and / or regulating unit takes place by means of bus connections. It is advisable to use a parallel or serial bus system, a CAN bus, a Profibus or an Interbus. Alternatively, individual connections are provided, from the measuring device or devices to the at least one control and / or regulating unit, which can be designed both as digital and as analog lines. In the following some examples of use of the invention will be given. If, for example, a limit value of the motor current of a drive or the continuous load limit of a drive axis is reached, this drive can take over the master function so that the speeds of the other axes are matched to the limit mentioned.
• this drive also expediently takes on the master function, so that the remaining drives are reduced according to their own options in order to maintain speed synchronism.
• the master can preferably change several times in a further variant, this change advantageously being based on the energy content of the machine parts being driven.
• the assignment of the master functionality according to the invention is carried out when starting and / or stopping the machine.
• one of the drives can be assigned the master function up to a certain delivery speed of the warped fiber sliver or up to a certain current consumption of this drive in order to then leave the master functionality in normal operation to another drive or a virtual master.
• a textile machine is formed by two machine modules connected in series, which are set up separately or combined in a frame, for example a card and a draw frame.
• the master functionality can e.g. change from a drive of one module to a drive of the other module.
• the master functionality can be assigned to the associated card drive, for example in the event of speed fluctuations in the fiber material template at the card input or the sliver delivery at the card output.
• the user can advantageously influence when which drive or a virtual master takes over the master function. This can be done in particular by specifying the limit or threshold values mentioned for the transmission of the actual values of the measuring devices. Operating sequences can also advantageously be specified, according to which when certain actual values are reached - for example a O
• the current master is displayed to a user on a visualization unit.
• FIG. 1 shows a regulating section in a schematic side view in a first embodiment
• Figure 2 shows a regulating section in a schematic side view in a second
• Figure 3 shows a regulating section in a schematic side view in a third embodiment. , '
• FIG. 1 shows schematically in side view a regulating section with a drafting unit 2 as an example of a textile machine according to the invention, which comprises an input roller pair 6, a middle roller pair 7 and an output roller pair 8.
• a drafting unit 2 Upstream of the drafting unit 2 is a pair of feed rollers 3 which are used to draw off one or more fiber tapes FB from cans (not shown).
• a belt cross-section measuring device 5 designed as a pair of sensing rollers, with an upstream compression funnel 4 is arranged, which supplies signals for the belt cross-section of the at least one fiber sliver FB.
• the fiber sliver or fibers FB are warped in a known manner due to the different rotational speeds of the roller pairs 6, 7, 8. Between the pair of central rollers 7 and the pair of output rollers 8 there is also a pressure rod 9 for better guidance of the floating fibers.
• the exit immediately downstream of the gear roller pair 8 is a deflecting roller 10, which deflects the warped fiber fleece to a fleece guiding device 11 and a subsequent pair of calender rollers 12, which compresses the fiber fleece to form a fiber sliver and, in a known manner, can also be designed as a sliver cross-section measuring device 12 for sliver cross-section control of the resulting sliver FB can.
• a deflecting roller 10 deflects the warped fiber fleece to a fleece guiding device 11 and a subsequent pair of calender rollers 12, which compresses the fiber fleece to form a fiber sliver and, in a known manner, can also be designed as a sliver cross-section measuring device 12 for sliver cross-section control of the resulting sliver FB can.
• other measurement methods using microwaves, capacitive, etc.
• the fiber sliver FB is then introduced into a sliver channel of a rotating turntable 13 and placed in
• an individual drive 30 which comprises a controller 31, a motor 32 and an analog or digital actual value transmitter 33 (for example a tachometer generator).
• Another drive 40 with a controller 41, a motor 42 and an actual value transmitter 43 (for example a tachometer generator) is used to drive the pair of sensing rollers 5 and the input and middle lower rollers 6a, 7a.
• the respective top rollers can also be driven (not shown).
• a constant pre-draft is set in this embodiment in the pre-draft field, which is formed between the input and middle roller pair 6, 7.
• a third drive 50 with controller 51, motor 52 and actual value transmitter 53 (for example a tachometer generator) is provided for driving the output lower roller 8a and the pair of calender rollers 12.
• a fourth drive 60 with controller 61, motor 62 and actual value transmitter 63 (for example, tachometer generator) drives the turntable 13 and the can stand 15.
• the motors 32, 42, 52, 62 are each controlled via closed control loops.
• the setpoint values for the motors are first determined on the basis of the desired setpoint value for the cross section of the warped fiber sliver and the current measured values from the sliver cross section measuring device 5 upstream of the drafting device 2, which are transmitted via a line 22 to a regulation computer 18.
• the regulating computer 18 then calculates according to the state of the art, taking into account the running time of the sliver or slivers from the measuring location to the delay location, target values for the drafting system motors 42 and / or 52. Using the data from the band cross-section measuring device 12 at the drafting system outlet via a line 27 to the regulating computer 18 transmitted signals, the quality of the resulting sliver can be determined and displayed.
• FIG. 1 and the other figures do not show some of the machine units that are usually present, for example the machine center, an operating unit, a visualization unit (panel or similar).
• the actual value transmitters 33, 43, 53, 63 deliver a signal corresponding to the engine speed not only to the assigned controllers 31, 41, 51, 61, but also via a bus 70 to a central control and / or or control unit 19, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is combined with the regulation computer 18 in a unit 20.
• the control and / or regulating unit 19 uses these signals to determine which of the drives 30, 40, 50, 60 is currently to be the master drive, the remaining drives then serving as slave drives.
• a virtual master can also be determined for the interim specification of the target speeds.
• the master functionality can thus be transferred back and forth by the control and / or regulating unit 19 between the drives 30, 40, 50, 60 and possibly a virtual master.
• the control and / or regulating unit 19 processes, on the one hand, the target values for the drafting system drives 40 and / or 50 calculated by the regulation computer 18 and also the actual values of the actual value transmitters 33, 43, 53, 63, in order to predefine target speeds - possibly modified in accordance with the current master - for the motors 32, 42, 52, 62; in an alternative, the actual values of the actual value transmitters 33, 43, 53, 63 are removed from the control - And / or control unit 19 forwarded to the control computer 18 (see double arrow between computer 18 and unit 19) and there - together with the measured values of the belt cross-section measuring device 5 - used to calculate the target speeds for the motors 32, 42, 52, 62 ,
• the control and / or regulating unit 19 can also only transmit brief information based on actual values to the regulation computer 18, for example that the entire machine - e.g. due to the overload of a motor (the current master) - should only run at 80% of
• a certain drive can act as a master, whereby under special operating conditions this functionality can be transferred to one of the other drives, so that the previous master then serves as a slave and, if necessary, can be used again as a master when the operation is subsequently normalized.
• the actual values of the voltage signals corresponding to the engine speeds are not continuously transmitted to the control and / or regulating unit 19 by the actual value transmitters. Only when the predetermined limit values of these signals are fallen short of or exceeded are they preferably transmitted to the unit 19. If, for example, a motor does not reach the target speed specified by the central control and / or regulating unit 19 due to overload, the current speed is transmitted to the unit 19 via the bus 70.
• the unit 19 responds by sending the data from the regulation computer 18 calculated target speeds for all drives 30, 40, 50, 60 further processed accordingly, in particular reduced in a suitable manner, and predefines these drives via bus 70.
• the target speeds of the motors 32, 42, 52, 62 can be reduced accordingly in order to continue to maintain a high sliver quality. If, for example, a relatively poor sliver quality is registered, either the machine can also be operated more slowly or the poorer sliver quality is accepted in favor of productivity at speeds that are not or hardly reduced.
• the machine be operated with high or low dynamics.
• the current actual values of the current master drive are taken into account, while in the second case the speeds are reduced beyond what is currently necessary.
• the overloaded drive is first taken into account before the control and / or regulating unit 19 then acts as a virtual master and lowers the target speeds to a certain level that is valid for a longer period of time, which is below the actually necessary level with respect to the current one Overload lies.
• the machine is switched off completely.
• all drives 30, 40, 50, 60 have a measuring device in the form of the actual value transmitters 33, 43, 53, 63.
• only one or a few drives are assigned measuring devices which can transmit actual values to the control and / or regulating unit 19. This can expediently be implemented for drives in which the probability of strong deviations from normal operation is relatively high, so that the master functionality can be transferred to these drives if necessary.
• the current consumption of one or more of the motors 32, 42, 52, 62 is preferably measured by means of a corresponding measuring element, which can be integrated in the respective controller 31, 41, 51, 61.
• a corresponding measuring element which can be integrated in the respective controller 31, 41, 51, 61.
• the embodiment according to FIG. 2 is also characterized in that measuring devices registering different measured variables are assigned to each of the four drives 30, 40, 50, 60.
• a temperature sensor 34 thus measures the motor temperature of the motor 32 of the first drive 30 and passes it - in analog or digital form - via a line 21 to the control and / or regulating unit 19. It can be in an optional a limit value, below which no temperature values are transmitted to the unit 19. If, for example, the motor 32 becomes too hot, the unit 19, after receiving this information, assigns the master function to the drive 30 and, taking into account the fluctuations in the belt cross section, specifies new target speeds for all drives 30, 40, 50, 60 which put less strain on the motor 32 and lower its operating temperature in order to assign the master function to another drive if necessary after subsequent normalization.
• signals supplied by the band cross-sectional measuring device 5 via a line 22a to the unit 19 can be used to determine the current master. If, for example, the device 5 registers several very large thick spots one after the other, which could not be optimally equalized by the drafting device 2 in normal high-speed operation, a virtual master can run the entire machine more slowly. In the present case, this virtual master is preferably implemented in the central control and / or regulating unit 19.
• the pressure rod 9 according to the embodiment in FIG. 2 is designed as a known draft force measuring element, which transmits the corresponding signals to the control and / or regulating unit 19 via a line 23. These signals can also be used to assign the current master.
• a measuring element 54 is provided for measuring the current consumption of the motor 52 of the third drive 50, which, for example when an overload is exceeded, sends a corresponding signal via a line 24 to the control and / or regulating unit 19, which in response to this drives the drive 50 as Master can determine.
• an actual value transmitter 63 measures the rotational speeds of the motor 62 and sends the corresponding actual values via a line 25 to the control and control units either continuously or when predetermined or predefinable limit values are exceeded or not reached / or control unit 19.
• no bus for signal transmission to and from the control and / or regulating unit 19 is provided in that of FIG.
• the actual values of the actual value transmitter 63 can be transmitted according to FIG. 2 either via the controller 61 to the central control and / or regulating unit 19 or alternatively or additionally via a direct line 26 (dashed lines) drawn).
• the measuring devices 34, 5, 9, 54, 63 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 are all selected differently - also for illustrative purposes. Some of the measuring devices are assigned to certain drives (measuring devices 34, 54, 63), while others (measuring devices 5, 9) are independent of these. It is entirely possible that only the actual values for one or two measured variables are determined (cf. FIG. 1), for example only the current consumption of one or more motors. If only one measuring device is provided for the purpose of changing the assignment of the master functionality, its actual values can be used to temporarily determine a drive as a master. If the actual values fall below a limit value again, a drive preset as standard or a virtual master can take over the master function again.
• each controller 131, 141, 151, 161 of the respective drives 30, 40, 50, 60 is designed as a control and / or regulating unit, preferably in the form of a programmable logic controller (PLC).
• PLC programmable logic controller
• the individual control and / or regulating units 131, 141, 151, 161 are connected to one another via a bus system 170 and can preferably each take on the control function.
• control and / or regulating units 131, 141, 151, 161 are transmitted. If the functionality of this control / regulation fails in the drive in question, this function can advantageously be performed by one of the other control and / or regulating units 131, 141, 151, 161.
• the measured values from the strip cross-section measuring devices 5, 12 are in turn transmitted to the regulation computer 18.
• the regulation computer 18 is connected to the bus 170 and transmits the target values (target speeds) for the drafting system drives 40 and / or 50 to the control and / or regulating unit 131, 141, 151 or responsible for the control / regulation 161, which takes these target values into account in accordance with the selected master for specifying the target speeds for all drives.
• the respectively responsible control and / or regulating unit 131, 141, 151 or 161 can take over the function of an interim virtual master.
• the tasks of the respective control and / or regulating unit 19, 131, 141, 151, 161 can be distributed to different units.
• the actual values can be transmitted from the measuring device or devices to a first unit, the master can be determined in a second unit and the new target speeds for the various drives can be specified by means of a third unit.
• Such a distribution of tasks is included in the scope of the invention when the term "control and / or regulating unit" is mentioned above.
• the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments described. Rather, different variants are possible. For example, it is not mandatory that all drives of the spinning machine are designed to take on the master function. Likewise, the drive distribution in FIGS. 1-3 is only an example. Other arrangements and / or a different number of drives are of course possible. The invention not only makes it possible to maintain the synchronicity of the drives.
• the axle drives can also be designed to be lower in terms of their peak performance and their power reserves, since the other axes can be reduced in the rarely expected peak load cases.
• the invention can generally be used in a wide variety of textile machines. In the case of a route, this can also have an unregulated drafting system.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

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• 2003
  • 2003-02-22 DE DE10307603A patent/DE10307603A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2004
  • 2004-02-20 BR BRPI0407614-1A patent/BRPI0407614A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-02-20 AT AT04713072T patent/ATE344845T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-02-20 DE DE502004001954T patent/DE502004001954D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-02-20 CN CNB2004800047619A patent/CN100500960C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2004-02-20 US US10/545,978 patent/US20060162129A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2004-02-20 WO PCT/EP2004/001716 patent/WO2004074561A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2004-02-20 EP EP04713072A patent/EP1595008B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

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