EP1588918A1 - Device and Method for supplying electrical power to the railway track brakes of a gravity shunting marshalling yard. - Google Patents
Device and Method for supplying electrical power to the railway track brakes of a gravity shunting marshalling yard. Download PDFInfo
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- EP1588918A1 EP1588918A1 EP04009287A EP04009287A EP1588918A1 EP 1588918 A1 EP1588918 A1 EP 1588918A1 EP 04009287 A EP04009287 A EP 04009287A EP 04009287 A EP04009287 A EP 04009287A EP 1588918 A1 EP1588918 A1 EP 1588918A1
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- Prior art keywords
- electrical energy
- brakes
- track
- brake
- supplying
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K7/00—Railway stops fixed to permanent way; Track brakes or retarding apparatus fixed to permanent way; Sand tracks or the like
- B61K7/02—Track brakes or retarding apparatus
- B61K7/12—Track brakes or retarding apparatus electrically controlled
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K7/00—Railway stops fixed to permanent way; Track brakes or retarding apparatus fixed to permanent way; Sand tracks or the like
- B61K7/02—Track brakes or retarding apparatus
- B61K7/10—Track brakes or retarding apparatus electrodynamic
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for the supply of Track brakes of a drainage system on a marshalling yard with electrical energy.
- the shunting of individual wagons or groups of wagons in centralized shunting yards is a common production method in rail-bound freight traffic. At these shunting yards incoming trains are disbanded and new trains are formed. To speed up the operations and to reduce production costs, the majority of such Rangierbahnhöfe usually has a called "runoff" artificial survey on the individual cars or groups of cars to be resolved freight train are pressed. Under the influence of gravity, these vehicles forced over the mountain then pass through a distribution zone consisting of a plurality of successive point connections, whereby they are fed to a predefined directional track, in which the individual wagons or groups of wagons to be assembled into a new train are collected.
- the speed of the running over the mountain vehicles to a planned for a proper and effective filling of each directional target Adjust speed and thus prevent in particular a run on other already located in the direction track rail vehicles with an impermissibly high speed.
- the number, the location and the exact brake design of these rail brakes depends on the particular on-site conditions (in particular height and inclination of the Albanyberg as well as inclination and usable length of the direction tracks).
- the aim is that on the one hand, the worst-moving car can reach the furthest from the top of the professionberges target, on the other hand, even the best-running car can be braked even with a full directional track with certainty to a permissible flow rate.
- the directional tracks can be equipped with additional slope compensation brakes.
- Electrodynamic rail brakes (EDG) are often used for the directional track brakes or slope compensation brakes.
- an electrodynamic rail brake in which a magnetic field is induced in such a way in both sides of a rail track arranged brake carrier by means of an electric current flow, that an attraction force between these brake carriers is constructed. By this attraction, the brake carriers attract each other and thereby form a brake groove having a preset light mass. Now rolls the wheel of an expiring rail vehicle through this brake groove, it must press the brake carrier against the magnetically generated force apart to Radsammlung Museum.
- Each electrodynamic rail brake must have a power supply with a depending on the maximum value of the rail brake to be provided Braking work designed electrical connection value.
- electrodynamic Track brakes of usual size with a brake length of 20 m and a throughput of 25,000 ampere turns (Awdg)
- connection values more than 200 kVA required.
- Relative to a complete Rangierstrom with a variety of such electrodynamic rail brakes and taking into account a simultaneity factor prescribed by the plant operator, depending on the size of the system up to three track brakes at the same time their maximum braking effort must be able to perform, adds up to be provided electrical connection value to over 600 kVA.
- UPS uninterruptible power supply
- the invention is therefore based on the object, an apparatus and a method for the supply of track brakes of a drainage system on a marshalling yard to provide with electrical energy, by means of which the electrical Connection characteristic of such, a jumbled use underlying facilities smoothed out and the plants with smaller and better exploited over time Connected to power distribution networks are designed to be connected.
- the costly and complex equipment for uninterruptible power supply simplified or substituted become.
- this object is achieved in conjunction with the preamble of Claim 1 solved by at least one capacitor for storage and providing electrical energy to the or each rail brake is.
- the energy consumption of a braking work performing track brake time from the removal of electrical energy is decoupled from a power grid.
- the individual punctual Consumption peaks can be caused by the supply network by a continuous Charging process can be covered with lower electrical power.
- the charge stored in the capacitor makes the operation of the track brake regardless of the current at the time of the track brake current Voltage state of the supply network.
- the track brake remains in case of failure of the supply network for the braking work on at least the Time of the voltage drop already over the expired mountain and not yet arrived in the direction track car ready.
- a separate Device for uninterruptible power supply is powered by the active Integration of a capacitor in the power supply superfluous.
- the or each rail brake with at least one of these rail brakes associated capacitor electrically connected is. This will allow for every single rail brake on a arranged in their immediate spatial environment condenser can access. In this way, the cabling effort can be effectively reduced be bridged as between energy storage and consumer only short distances Need to become. This is especially with regard to the elaborate, with low cable resistance to be carried cable runs between capacitor and consumers of importance.
- the invention further provides that the or each rail brake having a current regulator in one through the or each capacitor fed DC link is fed.
- the capacitors due to the elimination of an involvement of chemical Conversion processes at the storage capacity a much more dynamic Behavior regarding their charging and discharging capacity and their low internal resistance on.
- a UPS in online bypass operation waived which also makes the power losses caused by these components effective be avoided.
- the inventive concept is a plurality of each of the individual track brakes of Rangierablaufstrom associated capacitors electrically connected to each other via a ring line. It is particularly advantageous if the one another via a loop electrically connected capacitors arranged in parallel are. In this way, all capacitors connected to the loop form one as an alliance for all track brakes of the marshalling yard effective energy storage.
- the capacity of the or each capacitor is designed in accordance with the average demand for electrical energy for controlling the or each connected track brake.
- the total capacity of the arranged in parallel circuit capacitors of a loop according to the demand for electrical energy of a predetermined minimum number of simultaneously each of the maximum braking work-making rail brakes is designed. In this way, it is possible that the capacitors do not have to be dimensioned to the maximum required peak demand values of their respectively associated track brakes out, but only have to meet an average average power value with average braking work. The additional power requirement is provided by the remaining capacitors integrated into the ring circuit.
- a charge controller ensures the continuous recharging of all existing in the inventive device memory capacitors.
- the composite storage is sized large enough to meet the requirements of the plant operator with regard to a simultaneous operation of multiple rail brakes under full load. Regardless of the number of track brakes connected, both the desired reduction in the grid connection power and the more uniform load on the electrical supply network are thus effectively supported.
- FIG. 1 shows the device according to the invention for power supply and power storage for a single electrodynamic track brake (EDG) (4).
- the electrodynamic rail brake is shown in a schematic plan view.
- the device comprises a charging current regulator (1) which draws the electrical energy from a supply network designed as an IT network.
- IT network In such an IT network, all active parts of the earth are isolated or grounded through an impedance; Bodies are grounded directly independent of the ground of the power source.
- the characteristic in the form of an IT network is chosen so that it does not lead to the failure of the track brake as a result of a short circuit occurring in the earthed network. For the monitoring and signaling of such ground faults, a separate ground fault measuring device is provided.
- the charge current regulator (1) converts this alternating current into a direct current, by means of which the capacitor store (2) is charged.
- the voltage of this charging DC current for the capacitor can thereby call between a nominal voltage U and a maximum value U max is varied in Abheksigikeit of different charging regimes.
- a charging regime is desirable in which the capacitor is charged with the lowest possible voltage value U nenn over time-extended cycles.
- the end-of-charge voltage U max is reached when the current consumption is lower than the set charging current.
- the condenser memory (2) gives, if necessary, energy to a current regulator (3).
- the current regulator acts on the induction windings in the electrodynamic track brake.
- each track brake (EDG 1 ... EDG n ) has a respective arrangement of capacitor store (2) and current regulator (3) allocated in its closer spatial environment and wired to it, as already known per se from FIG is.
- the individual capacitors are electrically connected together as a parallel connection in a ring line (5). In this way, on the one hand on the consumer side, a decentralized structure of energy storage and power sources at the same time but also the power connection side created a central structure for electricity from a supply network.
- power is drawn from the decentralized capacitor storage units in each case in the ring main. The power supply is decoupled from such load peaks and ensures by means of a constant power consumption for a continuous recharging of the capacitors connected in the loop.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Versorgung von Gleisbremsen einer Ablaufanlage auf einem Rangierbahnhof mit elektrischer Energie.The invention relates to a device and a method for the supply of Track brakes of a drainage system on a marshalling yard with electrical energy.
Das Rangieren von Einzelwagen beziehungsweise Wagengruppen in zentralisierten
Rangierbahnhöfen stellt eine gängige Produktionsmethode im schienengebundenen
Güterverkehr dar. Auf diesen Rangierbahnhöfen werden ankommende
Züge aufgelöst und neue Züge gebildet. Zur Beschleunigung der Betriebsabläufe
und zur Reduzierung von Produktionskosten weist die Mehrzahl derartiger Rangierbahnhöfe
üblicherweise eine als "Ablaufberg" bezeichnete künstliche Erhebung
auf, über die die Einzelwagen bzw. Wagengruppen des aufzulösenden Güterzuges
gedrückt werden. Unter Einfluss der Schwerkraft durchlaufen diese über
den Berg abgedrückten Fahrzeuge sodann eine aus einer Mehrzahl aufeinanderfolgender
Weichenverbindungen bestehende Verteilzone, wodurch sie einem vorab
definierten Richtungsgleis zugeführt werden, in welchem die zu einem neuen
Zug zusammenzustellenden Einzelwagen bzw. Wagengruppen gesammelt werden.
Auf Grund der unterschiedlichen Beladungszustände sowie der konstruktions- und
wartungstechnisch bedingten unterschiedlichen Laufverhalten der einzelnen Fahrzeuge
müssen an verschiedenen Örtlichkeiten der Ablaufanlage gleisseitige
Bremsvorrichtungen vorgehalten werden, die die Geschwindigkeit der über den
Berg ablaufenden Fahrzeuge auf eine für ein ordnungsgemässes und effektives
Auffüllen des jeweiligen Richtungsgleises vorgesehene Soll-Geschwindigkeit einregeln
und somit insbesondere ein Auflaufen auf andere bereits im Richtungsgleis
befindliche Schienenfahrzeuge mit einer unzulässig hohen Geschwindigkeit verhindern.
Die Anzahl, die örtliche Lage sowie die genaue bremstechnische Auslegung
dieser Gleisbremsen ist von den jeweiligen vor Ort anzutreffenden Gegebenheiten
(insbesondere Höhe und Neigung des Ablaufberges sowie Neigung und
nutzbare Länge der Richtungsgleise) abhängig. Das Ziel besteht darin, dass zum
einen der am schlechtesten laufende Wagen das am weitesten von der Spitze des
Ablaufberges entfernte Ziel erreichen kann, zum anderen auch der am besten
laufende Wagen auch bei gefülltem Richtungsgleis noch mit Sicherheit auf eine
zulässige Ablaufgeschwindigkeit abgebremst werden kann. Üblicherweise sind
jedoch stets mindestens eine stärker wirkende und die Hauptlast der erforderlichen
Bremsarbeit aufbringende Talbremse zu Beginn der Weichen der Verteilzone
sowie mindestens eine nachregulierende und schwächer wirkende Richtungsgleisbremse
zu Beginn eines jeden Richtungsgleises vorgesehen. Zusätzlich können
die Richtungsgleise mit weiteren Gefälleausgleichsbremsen ausgerüstet sein.
Speziell für die Richtungsgleisbremsen beziehungsweise Gefälleausgleichsbremsen
kommen dabei oftmals elektrodynamische Gleisbremsen (EDG) zum Einsatz.
Falls die von einer elektrodynamischen Gleisbremse leistbare Bremsarbeit unter
Berücksichtigung der topologischen Gegebenheiten ausreicht, so kann diese auch
als Talbremse eingesetzt werden. Es handelt sich hierbei um Balkengleisbremsen,
bei denen mittels eines elektrischen Stromflusses ein Magnetfeld derart in beidseitig
einer Gleisschiene angeordnete Bremsträger induziert wird, dass eine Anziehungskraft
zwischen diesen Bremsträgern aufgebaut wird. Durch diese Anziehungskraft
ziehen sich die Bremsträger gegenseitig an und bilden dadurch eine
Bremsrille, die ein voreingestelltes lichtes Mass aufweist. Rollt nun das Rad eines
ablaufenden Schienenfahrzeuges durch diese Bremsrille, so muss es die Bremsträger
entgegen der magnetisch erzeugten Kraft bis auf Radreifenbreite auseinander
drücken.The shunting of individual wagons or groups of wagons in centralized shunting yards is a common production method in rail-bound freight traffic. At these shunting yards incoming trains are disbanded and new trains are formed. To speed up the operations and to reduce production costs, the majority of such Rangierbahnhöfe usually has a called "runoff" artificial survey on the individual cars or groups of cars to be resolved freight train are pressed. Under the influence of gravity, these vehicles forced over the mountain then pass through a distribution zone consisting of a plurality of successive point connections, whereby they are fed to a predefined directional track, in which the individual wagons or groups of wagons to be assembled into a new train are collected.
Due to the different loading conditions and the design and maintenance related different running behavior of the individual vehicles track-side braking devices must be kept at different locations of the drain system, the speed of the running over the mountain vehicles to a planned for a proper and effective filling of each directional target Adjust speed and thus prevent in particular a run on other already located in the direction track rail vehicles with an impermissibly high speed. The number, the location and the exact brake design of these rail brakes depends on the particular on-site conditions (in particular height and inclination of the Ablaufberg as well as inclination and usable length of the direction tracks). The aim is that on the one hand, the worst-moving car can reach the furthest from the top of the Ablaufberges target, on the other hand, even the best-running car can be braked even with a full directional track with certainty to a permissible flow rate. Usually, however, always at least one stronger acting and the main load of the required braking work applying Talbremse provided at the beginning of the switches of the distribution zone and at least one post-regulating and weaker directional track brake at the beginning of each directional track. In addition, the directional tracks can be equipped with additional slope compensation brakes. Electrodynamic rail brakes (EDG) are often used for the directional track brakes or slope compensation brakes. If the braking work afforded by an electrodynamic rail brake is sufficient, taking into account the topological conditions, then this can also be used as a valley brake. These are rail track brakes, in which a magnetic field is induced in such a way in both sides of a rail track arranged brake carrier by means of an electric current flow, that an attraction force between these brake carriers is constructed. By this attraction, the brake carriers attract each other and thereby form a brake groove having a preset light mass. Now rolls the wheel of an expiring rail vehicle through this brake groove, it must press the brake carrier against the magnetically generated force apart to Radreifenbreite.
Jede elektrodynamische Gleisbremse muss hierzu eine Stromversorgung mit einem in Abhängigkeit vom Maximalwert der von der Gleisbremse zu erbringenden Bremsarbeit ausgelegten elektrischen Anschlusswert aufweisen. Bei elektrodynamischen Gleisbremsen üblicher Grösse (mit einer Bremsenlänge von 20 m und einer Durchflutung von 25.000 Amperewindungen (Awdg)) werden dabei Anschlusswerte von mehr als 200 kVA erforderlich. Bezogen auf eine komplette Rangieranlage mit einer Vielzahl derartiger elektrodynamischer Gleisbremsen und unter Berücksichtigung eines vom Anlagenbetreiber vorgeschriebenen Gleichzeitigkeitsfaktor, wonach je nach Anlagengrösse bis zu drei Gleisbremsen zeitgleich ihre maximale Bremsarbeit verrichten können müssen, summiert sich der bereitzustellende elektrische Anschlusswert auf über 600 kVA. In Anbetracht der Tatsache, dass derartige elektrische Leistungen über den Tagesverlauf nur zu sehr wenigen und zudem sehr kurzen Zeitspannen tatsächlich abgerufen werden, belegen die Betreiber öffentlicher Drehtstrom-Versorgungsnetze derartige Anschlüsse mit prohibitiv wirkenden Anschlussgebühren beziehungsweise verweigern sogar generell deren Bereitstellung.Each electrodynamic rail brake must have a power supply with a depending on the maximum value of the rail brake to be provided Braking work designed electrical connection value. In electrodynamic Track brakes of usual size (with a brake length of 20 m and a throughput of 25,000 ampere turns (Awdg)) are thereby connection values more than 200 kVA required. Relative to a complete Rangieranlage with a variety of such electrodynamic rail brakes and taking into account a simultaneity factor prescribed by the plant operator, depending on the size of the system, up to three track brakes at the same time their maximum braking effort must be able to perform, adds up to be provided electrical connection value to over 600 kVA. Considering the fact that such electrical services over the course of the day only very few and, moreover, very short periods of time are actually retrieved the operators of public rotary power supply networks such connections with prohibitively acting connection fees or refuse even in general their provision.
Zusätzlich erfordert es die betriebliche Sicherheit von Ablaufanlagen auf Rangierbahnhöfen,
dass auch im Falle eines eventuellen Stromausfalls die bereits über
den Ablaufberg abgedrückten und sich noch in der Verteilzone befindlichen Wagen
eine gesicherte Bremsung erfahren müssen. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Vorhaltung
einer unterbrechungsfreien Stromversorgung (USV) erforderlich. Diese
USV muss nach den oben dargestellten Bedingungen der Anlagenbetreiber einen
Anschlusswert von (abhängig vom Gleichzeitigkeitsfaktor) bis zu 600 kVA gewährleisten.
Es ist derzeit üblicher Stand der Technik, derartige USV-Anlagen mittels Akkumulatoren
zu realisieren. Da derartige Anlagen mit Gleichstrom betrieben werden, hat
dies zur Folge, dass der aus dem Versorgungsnetz entnommene Wechselstrom
zunächst in Gleichstrom zur Ladung der Akkumulatoren der USV transformiert und
im Bedarfsfall sodann wieder in Wechselstrom zur Spannungsversorgung der
Stromrichter zur regelbaren Stromspeisung der elektrodynamischen Gleisbremsen
zurückgeformt werden muss. Da die hierfür notwendigen Umformer im Bedarfsfall
nicht schlagartig hochgefahren werden können, ist ein Online-Bypass-Betrieb der
USV-Anlage erforderlich. Dies führt bei einer 600 kVA-USV-Anlage üblicher Bauart
zu einer als Wärme anfallenden Verlustleistung von bis zu 35 kVA, welche
mittels einer zusätzlichen Klimaanlage aus den die USV aufnehmenden Räumlichkeiten
abgeführt werden muss.In addition, it requires the operational safety of drainage systems on Rangierbahnhöfen that even in the event of a power outage already over the expiry hill and still located in the distribution zone car must undergo a secure braking. For this purpose, the provision of an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is required. According to the conditions described above, this UPS must guarantee a connection value of (depending on the simultaneity factor) up to 600 kVA.
It is currently common prior art to realize such UPS systems by means of accumulators. Since such systems are operated with direct current, this has the consequence that the removed from the mains AC first transformed into DC to charge the batteries of the UPS and then, if necessary, must be reformed back into AC power to power the converter for controllable power supply of the electrodynamic rail brakes , Since the necessary converters can not be started up suddenly in case of need, an on-line bypass operation of the UPS system is required. This results in a typical 600 kVA UPS system to a heat loss of up to 35 kVA, which must be removed by means of an additional air conditioning from the UPS receiving premises.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Versorgung von Gleisbremsen einer Ablaufanlage auf einem Rangierbahnhof mit elektrischer Energie bereitzustellen, mittels welcher die elektrische Anschlusscharakteristik derartiger, einer stossweisen Nutzung unterliegender Anlagen geglättet und die Anlagen mit geringeren und im Zeitverlauf besser ausgenutzten Anschlusswerten an Stromverteilungsnetze anschliessbar gestaltet werden. Darüberhinaus sollen die kostenintensiven und aufwändigen Anlagen zur unterbrechungsfreien Stromversorgung vereinfacht beziehungsweise substituiert werden. The invention is therefore based on the object, an apparatus and a method for the supply of track brakes of a drainage system on a marshalling yard to provide with electrical energy, by means of which the electrical Connection characteristic of such, a jumbled use underlying facilities smoothed out and the plants with smaller and better exploited over time Connected to power distribution networks are designed to be connected. In addition, the costly and complex equipment for uninterruptible power supply simplified or substituted become.
Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe in Verbindung mit dem Oberbegriff des
Patentanspruches 1 dadurch gelöst, dass mindestens ein Kondensator zur Speicherung
und Abgabe elektrischer Energie an die oder jede Gleisbremse vorgesehen
ist. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, dass der Energieverbrauch einer Bremsarbeit
verrichtenden Gleisbremse zeitlich von der Entnahme elektrischer Energie
aus einem Stromversorgungsnetz entkoppelt wird. Die einzelnen punktuellen
Verbrauchsspitzen können seitens des Versorgungsnetzes durch einen kontinuierlichen
Ladeprozess mit geringeren elektrischen Leistungen abgedeckt werden.
Die im Kondensator gespeicherte Ladung macht den Betrieb der Gleisbremse
unabhängig von dem zum jeweiligen Arbeitszeitpunkt der Gleisbremse aktuellen
Spannungszustand des Versorgungsnetzes. Somit bleibt die Gleisbremse auch
bei Ausfall des Versorgungsnetzes für die Bremsarbeit an zumindest den zum
Zeitpunkt des Spannungsabfalls bereits über den Ablaufberg abgedrückten und
noch nicht im Richtungsgleis angekommenen Wagen betriebsbereit. Eine separate
Vorrichtung zur unterbrechungsfreien Stromversorgung wird durch die aktive
Einbindung eines Kondensators in die Stromversorgung überflüssig.According to the invention, this object is achieved in conjunction with the preamble of
Desweiteren ist erfindungsgemäss vorgesehen, dass die oder jede Gleisbremse mit jeweils mindestens einem dieser Gleisbremse zugeordneten Kondensator elektrisch verbunden ist. Dadurch wird ermöglicht, dass jede einzelne Gleisbremse auf einen in ihrer unmittelbaren räumlichen Umgebung angeordneten Kondensator zugreifen kann. Auf diese Weise kann der Verkabelungsaufwand wirksam reduziert werden, da zwischen Energiespeicher und Verbraucher nur kurze Wege überbrückt werden müssen. Dies ist insbesondere hinsichtlich der aufwändigen, mit geringem Leitungswiderstand auszuführenden Kabelstrecken zwischen Kondensator und Verbraucher von Bedeutung.Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that the or each rail brake with at least one of these rail brakes associated capacitor electrically connected is. This will allow for every single rail brake on a arranged in their immediate spatial environment condenser can access. In this way, the cabling effort can be effectively reduced be bridged as between energy storage and consumer only short distances Need to become. This is especially with regard to the elaborate, with low cable resistance to be carried cable runs between capacitor and consumers of importance.
In vorteilhafter Weise sieht die Erfindung ferner vor, dass die oder jede Gleisbremse einen Stromregler aufweist, der in einem durch den oder jeden Kondensator dargestellten Gleichstromzwischenkreis gespeist wird. Im Gegensatz zu der aus dem Stand der Technik bislang bekannten Vorrichtung, bei der eine unterbrechungsfreie Stromversorgung mittels Akkumulatoren gewährleistet wird, weisen die Kondensatoren auf Grund des Wegfalls einer Beteiligung von chemischen Umwandlungsprozessen am Speichervermögen ein wesentlich dynamischeres Verhalten bezüglich ihrer Lade- und Entladefähigkeit und ihres geringen Innenwiderstandes auf. Somit kann auf eine USV im Online-Bypass-Betrieb verzichtet werden, wodurch auch die von diesen Bauteilen bewirkten Verlustleistungen wirkungsvoll vermieden werden.Advantageously, the invention further provides that the or each rail brake having a current regulator in one through the or each capacitor fed DC link is fed. Unlike the out the prior art device known in the prior art in which an uninterruptible Power supply is ensured by means of accumulators point the capacitors due to the elimination of an involvement of chemical Conversion processes at the storage capacity a much more dynamic Behavior regarding their charging and discharging capacity and their low internal resistance on. Thus, a UPS in online bypass operation waived which also makes the power losses caused by these components effective be avoided.
Gemäss einer sinnvollen Ausgestaltung des erfinderischen Grundgedankens ist eine Mehrzahl von jeweils den einzelnen Gleisbremsen der Rangierablaufanlage zugeordneten Kondensatoren über eine Ringleitung miteinander elektrisch verbunden. Dabei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die über eine Ringleitung miteinander elektrisch verbundenen Kondensatoren in Parallelschaltung angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise bilden alle an die Ringleitung angeschlossenen Kondensatoren einen als Verbund übergreifend für alle Gleisbremsen des Rangierbahnhofes wirksamen Energiespeicher.According to a meaningful embodiment of the inventive concept is a plurality of each of the individual track brakes of Rangierablaufanlage associated capacitors electrically connected to each other via a ring line. It is particularly advantageous if the one another via a loop electrically connected capacitors arranged in parallel are. In this way, all capacitors connected to the loop form one as an alliance for all track brakes of the marshalling yard effective energy storage.
Gemäss einer hierauf basierenden Weiterentwicklung des erfinderischen Konzepts
ist die Kapazität des oder jeden Kondensators entsprechend dem mittleren
Bedarf an elektrischer Energie zur Ansteuerung der oder jeder angeschlossenen
Gleisbremse ausgelegt.
Zusätzlich ist die Gesamtkapazität der in Parallelschaltung angeordneten Kondensatoren
einer Ringleitung entsprechend dem Bedarf an elektrischer Energie einer
vorgebbaren Mindestzahl von gleichzeitig jeweils die maximale Bremsarbeit leistenden
Gleisbremsen ausgelegt. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, dass die Kondensatoren
nicht auf die maximal erforderlichen Spitzenbedarfswerte der ihnen
jeweils zugeordneten Gleisbremsen hin dimensioniert werden müssen, sondern
lediglich einem gemittelten üblichen Leistungswert bei durchschnittlicher Bremsarbeit
genügen müssen. Der darüber hinausgehende Leistungsbedarf wird durch die
übrigen in die Ringschaltung integrierten Kondensatoren bereitgestellt. Ein Laderegler
sorgt für die kontinuierliche Nachladung aller in der erfindungsgemässen
Vorrichtung vorhandenen Speicher-Kondensatoren. Dennoch ist der Verbundspeicher
ausreichend gross bemessen, um den Anforderungen der Anlagenbetreiber
hinsichtlich eines gleichzeitigen Betriebes mehrerer Gleisbremsen unter Voll-Last
zu genügen. Unabhängig von der Anzahl der angeschlossenen Gleisbremsen
werden somit sowohl die angestrebte Verringerung der Netzanschlussleistung als
auch die gleichmässigere Belastung des elektrischen Versorgungsnetzes wirkungsvoll
unterstützt.According to a further development of the inventive concept based thereon, the capacity of the or each capacitor is designed in accordance with the average demand for electrical energy for controlling the or each connected track brake.
In addition, the total capacity of the arranged in parallel circuit capacitors of a loop according to the demand for electrical energy of a predetermined minimum number of simultaneously each of the maximum braking work-making rail brakes is designed. In this way, it is possible that the capacitors do not have to be dimensioned to the maximum required peak demand values of their respectively associated track brakes out, but only have to meet an average average power value with average braking work. The additional power requirement is provided by the remaining capacitors integrated into the ring circuit. A charge controller ensures the continuous recharging of all existing in the inventive device memory capacitors. Nevertheless, the composite storage is sized large enough to meet the requirements of the plant operator with regard to a simultaneous operation of multiple rail brakes under full load. Regardless of the number of track brakes connected, both the desired reduction in the grid connection power and the more uniform load on the electrical supply network are thus effectively supported.
Neben weiteren sinnvollen Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten sieht ein verfahrensorientiertes Merkmal der Erfindung vor, dass der oder jeder Kondensator mit einem dem Mittelwert des pulsierenden Entladestromes entsprechenden Ladestrom aufgeladen wird.In addition to other meaningful design options sees a procedural Feature of the invention that the or each capacitor with a charged charging current corresponding to the mean value of the pulsating discharge current becomes.
Der Erfindungsgedanke wird in nachfolgenden Figuren verdeutlicht. Es zeigen:
-
Figur 1 - Prinzipdarstellung für die Stromversorgung und Stromspeicherung einer einzelnen elektrodynamischen Gleisbremse (EDG)
-
Figur 2 - Prinzipdarstellung für eine dezentrale Stromversorung und Stromspeicherung über eine Ringleitung
- FIG. 1
- Schematic diagram for the power supply and power storage of a single electrodynamic track brake (EDG)
- FIG. 2
- Schematic representation of a decentralized power supply and power storage via a loop
In Figur 1 ist die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung zur Stromversorgung und zur
Stromspeicherung für eine einzelne elektrodynamische Gleisbremse (EDG) (4)
dargestellt. Die elektrodynamische Gleisbremse ist einer schematischen Draufsicht
dargestellt.
Die Vorrichtung umfasst einen Ladestrom-Regler (1), der die elektrische Energie
einem als IT-Netz ausgeführtem Versorgungsnetz entnimmt. Bei einem derartigen
IT-Netz sind alle aktiven Teile von Erde isoliert bzw. über eine Impedanz mit Erde
verbunden; Körper sind unabhängig von der Erde der Stromquelle direkt geerdet.
Die Ausprägung in Form eines IT-Netzes wird gewählt, damit es nicht zum Ausfall
der Gleisbremse in Folge eines im geerdeten Netz auftretenden Kurzschlusses
führt. Für die Überwachung und Signalisierung derartiger Erdschlüsse ist ein separates
Erdschluss-Messgerät vorgesehen. Der Ladestrom-Regler (1) wandelt diesen
Wechselstrom in einen Gleichstrom um, mittels dem der Kondensator-Speicher
(2) aufgeladen wird. Die Spannung dieses Lade-Gleichstroms für den
Kondensator kann dabei in Abhängigikeit von unterschiedlichen Lade-Regimen
zwischen einer Nennspannung Unenn und einem Maximalwert Umax variiert werden.
Zur Erzielung einer gleichmässigen und möglichst niedrigen Belastung des liefernden
Versorgungsnetzes ist ein Lade-Regime anzustreben, bei dem der Kondensator
mit einem möglichst niedrigen Spannungswert Unenn über zeitlich langgestreckte
Zyklen aufgeladen wird. Die Ladeschlussspannung Umax wird erreicht,
wenn die Stromaufnahme geringer als der eingestellte Ladestrom ist.
Der Kondensator-Speicher (2) gibt bedarfsweise Energie an einen Stromregler (3)
ab. In Abhängigkeit von den Steuersignalen USt aus einer Bremsensteuerung beaufschlagt
der Stromregler die Induktionswicklungen in der elektrodynamischen
Gleisbremse. In Abhängigkeit von den ablaufdynamischen Eigenschaften und der
Zielposition des ablaufenden und zu bremsenden Wagens werden dabei unterschiedliche
Stromstärken in die Bremsspulen eingespeist und somit unterschiedliche
Bremskräfte erzeugt. Auf die Vorhaltung einer separaten Anlage zur unterbrechungsfreien
Stromversorgung (USV) und allen mit dieser verbundenen Nachteile
(Verlustleistung, Klimatisierung, Investitionsmittel etc...) kann verzichtet werden,
da der Kondensator auf Grund seiner Fähigkeiten zum schnellen Auf- bzw. Entladen
mit unwesentlichen zeitlichen Verzögerungen diese Funktion wirksam wahrnehmen
kann.FIG. 1 shows the device according to the invention for power supply and power storage for a single electrodynamic track brake (EDG) (4). The electrodynamic rail brake is shown in a schematic plan view.
The device comprises a charging current regulator (1) which draws the electrical energy from a supply network designed as an IT network. In such an IT network, all active parts of the earth are isolated or grounded through an impedance; Bodies are grounded directly independent of the ground of the power source. The characteristic in the form of an IT network is chosen so that it does not lead to the failure of the track brake as a result of a short circuit occurring in the earthed network. For the monitoring and signaling of such ground faults, a separate ground fault measuring device is provided. The charge current regulator (1) converts this alternating current into a direct current, by means of which the capacitor store (2) is charged. The voltage of this charging DC current for the capacitor can thereby call between a nominal voltage U and a maximum value U max is varied in Abhängigikeit of different charging regimes. To achieve a uniform and the lowest possible load of the supplying supply network, a charging regime is desirable in which the capacitor is charged with the lowest possible voltage value U nenn over time-extended cycles. The end-of-charge voltage U max is reached when the current consumption is lower than the set charging current.
The condenser memory (2) gives, if necessary, energy to a current regulator (3). In response to the control signals U St from a brake control, the current regulator acts on the induction windings in the electrodynamic track brake. Depending on the dynamic characteristics and the target position of the running and to be braked car while different currents are fed into the brake coils and thus generates different braking forces. On the provision of a separate system for uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and all the disadvantages associated with this (power loss, air conditioning, investment funds, etc ...) can be omitted, since the capacitor due to its capabilities for fast loading or unloading with insignificant temporal Delays can effectively perform this function.
In Figur 2 ist eine erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung zur Stromversorgung und zur Stromspeicherung einer Mehrzahl von 1 bis n elektrodynamischen Gleisbremsen (EDG1 ... EDGn) (4) dargestellt. Hierbei weist jede Gleisbremse (EDG1 ... EDGn) jeweils eine in ihrer näheren räumlichen Umgebung zugeordnete und mir ihr verdrahtete Anordnung aus Kondensator-Speicher (2) und Stromregler (3) auf, wie sie für sich genommen bereits aus Figur 1 bekannt ist. Die einzelnen Kondensatoren sind in als Parallelschaltung in einer Ringleitung (5) miteinander elektrisch verbunden. Auf diese Weise wird einerseits auf der Verbraucherseite eine dezentrale Struktur von Energiespeicher und Stromquellen zugleich aber auch der Netzanschluss-Seite eine zentrale Struktur zum Strombezug aus einem Versorgungsnetz geschaffen. Somit können die dezentral den einzelnen Gleisbremsen (4) zugeordneten Elemente (2, 3) geringer dimensioniert, da sie nicht mehr auf eventuelle Spitzenlasten sondern lediglich auf durchschnittlich zu erwartende Mittel-Lastwerte hin ausgelegt sein müssen. Für Fälle, in denen eine Gleisbremse eine über den mittleren Lastfall hinausgehende Bremsarbeit aufbringen muss, erfolgt eine Leistungsentnahme aus den in der Ringleitung jeweils benachbarten dezentralen Kondensator-Speichern. Der Netzanschluss ist von derartigen Lastspitzen entkoppelt und sorgt mittels einer beständigen Leistungsaufnahme für ein kontinuierliches Nachladen der in der Ringleitung angeschlossenen Kondensatoren.2 shows an inventive device for power supply and power storage of a plurality of 1 to n electrodynamic rail brakes (EDG 1 ... EDG n ) (4). Each track brake (EDG 1 ... EDG n ) has a respective arrangement of capacitor store (2) and current regulator (3) allocated in its closer spatial environment and wired to it, as already known per se from FIG is. The individual capacitors are electrically connected together as a parallel connection in a ring line (5). In this way, on the one hand on the consumer side, a decentralized structure of energy storage and power sources at the same time but also the power connection side created a central structure for electricity from a supply network. Thus, the decentralized the individual track brakes (4) associated elements (2, 3) dimensioned smaller because they no longer have to be designed for any peak loads but only average expected load values. For cases in which a rail brake has to apply a brake work that exceeds the average load case, power is drawn from the decentralized capacitor storage units in each case in the ring main. The power supply is decoupled from such load peaks and ensures by means of a constant power consumption for a continuous recharging of the capacitors connected in the loop.
- 11
- Ladestrom-ReglerCharge current regulator
- 22
- Kondensator-SpeicherCapacitor memory
- 33
- regelbare Stromquelleadjustable current source
- 44
- elektrodynamische Gleisbremse (EDG)electrodynamic track brake (EDG)
- 55
- Ringleitungloop
- UU
- Spannungtension
- USt U St
- Steuerspannung (Steuerstrom) von BremsensteuerungControl voltage (control current) of brake control
- II
- Stromstärkeamperage
- ACAC
- Wechselstromalternating current
- DCDC
- Gleichstromdirect current
- 1 ... n1 ... n
- Anzahl der GleisbremsenNumber of track brakes
- EDG1 EDG 1
-
elektrodynamische Gleisbremse; Nummer 1electrodynamic rail brake;
number 1 - EDGn EDG n
- elektrodynamische Gleisbremse; Nummer nelectrodynamic rail brake; Number n
Claims (10)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Kondensator (2) zur Speicherung und Abgabe elektrischer Energie an die oder jede Gleisbremse (4) vorgesehen ist.Apparatus for supplying track brakes of a drainage installation on a marshalling yard with electrical energy,
characterized in that at least one capacitor (2) for storing and delivering electrical energy to the or each rail brake (4) is provided.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04009287A EP1588918B1 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2004-04-20 | Device and Method for supplying electrical power to the railway track brakes of a gravity shunting marshalling yard. |
| AT04009287T ATE430078T1 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2004-04-20 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR SUPPLYING TRACK BRAKES OF A DISCHARGE SYSTEM ON A MARSILLING YARD WITH ELECTRICAL ENERGY |
| DE502004009415T DE502004009415D1 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2004-04-20 | Device and method for supplying track brakes of a drainage system on a marshalling yard with electrical energy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04009287A EP1588918B1 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2004-04-20 | Device and Method for supplying electrical power to the railway track brakes of a gravity shunting marshalling yard. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1588918A1 true EP1588918A1 (en) | 2005-10-26 |
| EP1588918B1 EP1588918B1 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
Family
ID=34924662
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04009287A Expired - Lifetime EP1588918B1 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2004-04-20 | Device and Method for supplying electrical power to the railway track brakes of a gravity shunting marshalling yard. |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1588918B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE430078T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE502004009415D1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH470283A (en) * | 1968-05-15 | 1969-03-31 | Huber Jakob Ing Dr | Feed device for an electrodynamic braking device for braking rail vehicles |
| GB1170312A (en) * | 1966-03-23 | 1969-11-12 | Siemens Ag | Combined Eddy Current and Friction Railway Track Brake |
| DE2653843A1 (en) * | 1976-11-26 | 1978-06-01 | Siemens Ag | CONTROL FOR WHEEL CURRENT TRACK BRAKES |
| US4560887A (en) * | 1983-12-22 | 1985-12-24 | Northern Telecom Limited | Standby power supply |
-
2004
- 2004-04-20 DE DE502004009415T patent/DE502004009415D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-20 EP EP04009287A patent/EP1588918B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-20 AT AT04009287T patent/ATE430078T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1170312A (en) * | 1966-03-23 | 1969-11-12 | Siemens Ag | Combined Eddy Current and Friction Railway Track Brake |
| CH470283A (en) * | 1968-05-15 | 1969-03-31 | Huber Jakob Ing Dr | Feed device for an electrodynamic braking device for braking rail vehicles |
| DE2653843A1 (en) * | 1976-11-26 | 1978-06-01 | Siemens Ag | CONTROL FOR WHEEL CURRENT TRACK BRAKES |
| US4560887A (en) * | 1983-12-22 | 1985-12-24 | Northern Telecom Limited | Standby power supply |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE430078T1 (en) | 2009-05-15 |
| EP1588918B1 (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| DE502004009415D1 (en) | 2009-06-10 |
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