EP1587774B1 - Treibladung - Google Patents
Treibladung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1587774B1 EP1587774B1 EP04701927A EP04701927A EP1587774B1 EP 1587774 B1 EP1587774 B1 EP 1587774B1 EP 04701927 A EP04701927 A EP 04701927A EP 04701927 A EP04701927 A EP 04701927A EP 1587774 B1 EP1587774 B1 EP 1587774B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- propellant charge
- weight
- percussion
- sensitive
- proportion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004655 tetrazenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims 8
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydroanthracene Natural products C1=CC=C2C=C(CCCC3)C3=CC2=C1 XBDYBAVJXHJMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/001—Fillers, gelling and thickening agents (e.g. fibres), absorbents for nitroglycerine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/04—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for cooling the explosion gases including antifouling and flash suppressing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
Definitions
- Propellants for projectiles are usually made of high-energy substances such as e.g. Nitrocellulose or more thermally stable systems, e.g. designed for automotive safety in the form of gas sets and are in use. These versions are gas rich and produce the energy needed to perform the projectile motion through rapid and near-completion. Thermodynamically, this is expressed by the oxygen balance, the specific energy or by the heat of explosion. Such versions are only partially suitable for weapons training systems, as they accelerate the training projectile too much.
- the propellant charge according to the invention contains, in addition to per se customary heavy metal-free igniters, frictional agents and preferably no oxidants and / or reducing agents.
- the friction agent also serves as an inert diluent and does not constitute a reaction component.
- Friction agents according to the invention used are those which exert no abrasive action on the weapon side (soft friction agents). These friction agents are selected from the group of marble, calcite, dolomite and / or soft carbonates such as magnesium carbonate and / or calcium carbonate and / or mixtures thereof.
- the propellant charge according to the invention also other conventional friction agents can be added in conventional amounts.
- heavy metal-free igniters impact-sensitive explosives are used. Examples include potassium dinitrobenzofuroxanate and tetrazene. It is known to use Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat and tetracene as components in heavy metal-free igniter sets, but then mostly in the presence of oxidizing and reducing agents.
- Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat and tetracene is less suitable as a propellant charge for training systems.
- inventive sentence waived the presence of reducing agents. As a result, the additional surcharges no longer act as oxidizing agents.
- the kinetic energy of the projectile can be controlled for all types of weapons by varying the recipe of the propellant charge of the invention within wide limits. As a result, the above-described excessive acceleration of the training projectile is avoided.
- the impact-sensitive propellant charges according to the invention can be labored in conventional primer caps. However, the primers then serve not to ignite a propellant powder, but form even the gas generating set. The primers containing the propellant charges according to the invention can then be ignited, for example, by a primary primer.
- the impact-sensitive propellant charges according to the invention contain from 5 to 70% by weight, preferably from 10 to 65% by weight, of heavy metal-free igniters, it also being possible to use mixtures of these heavy metal-free igniters.
- the friction agent according to the invention is used in amounts of from 30 to 95% by weight, preferably in amounts of from 35 to 80% by weight, it also being possible according to the invention to use mixtures of these friction agents.
- compositions may be mentioned: Power: weak medium strongly potassium dinitrobenzofuroxanate 20% by weight 40% by weight 50% by weight tetracene 0% by weight 10% by weight 15% by weight soft friction agent 80% by weight 50% by weight 35% by weight
- the propellant charges according to the invention can be used in weapon training systems.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
- Treibladungen für Geschosse bestehen in der Regel aus energiereichen Stoffen wie z.B. Nitrocellulose oder thermisch stabileren Systemen, wie sie z.B. für die Kraftfahrzeugsicherheit in Form von Gassätzen entwickelt wurden und sich im Einsatz befinden. Diese Versionen sind gasreich und erzeugen die zur Verrichtung der Geschossbewegung nötige Energie durch schnelle und nahezu vollständige Umsetzung. Thermodynamisch kommt dies durch die Sauerstoffbilanz, die spezifische Energie bzw. durch die Explosionswärme zum Ausdruck. Solche Versionen sind für Waffen-Übungssysteme nur bedingt geeignet, da sie das Übungsgeschoss zu stark beschleunigen.
- Die erfindungsgemäße Treibladung enthält neben an sich üblichen schwermetallfreien Anzündstoffen Friktionsmittel und vorzugsweise keine Oxidations- und/oder Reduktionsmittel. Das Friktionsmittel dient gleichzeitig als inertes Verdünnungsmittel und stellt keine Reaktionskomponente dar. Als erfindungsgemäße Friktionsmittel werden solche eingesetzt, die keine abrasive Wirkung auf Waffenteite ausüben (weiche Friktionsmittel). Diese Friktionsmittel werden aus der Gruppe Marmor, Calcit, Dolomit und/oder weiche Carbonate wie Magnesiurncarbonat und/oder Calciumcarbonat und/oder Mischungen daraus ausgewählt.
- Gegebenenfalls können der erfindungsgemäßen Treibladung auch andere herkömmliche Friktionsmittel in üblichen Mengen zugemischt werden. Als schwermetallfreie Anzündstoffe werden schlagempfindliche Explosivstoffe eingesetzt. Beispielhaft genannt seien Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat und Tetrazen. Es ist bekannt, Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat und Tetrazen als Komponenten in schwermetallfreien Anzündsätzen einzusetzen, jedoch dann meist in Anwesenheit von Oxidations- und Reduktionsmitteln. Ein solcher normaler Anzündsatz, bestehend aus den zuvor beschriebenen Komponenten mit Oxidations- und Reduktionsmitteln ist als Treibladung für Übungssysteme weniger geeignet. Im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik wird im erfindungsgemäßen Satz auf die Anwesenheit von Reduktionsmitteln verzichtet. Dadurch wirken die weiteren Zuschläge nicht mehr als Oxidationsmittel.
- Die kinetische Energie des Geschosses lässt sich für alle Waffentypen durch Variation der Rezeptur der erfindungsgemäßen Treibladung in weiten Grenzen steuern. Dadurch wird die eingangs beschriebene zu starke Beschleunigung des Übungsgeschosses vermieden.
- Die erfindungsgemäßen schlagempfindlichen Treibladungen können in herkömmlichen Anzündhütchen laboriert werden. Die Anzündhütchen dienen dann jedoch nicht dazu, ein Treibladungspulver anzuzünden, sondern bilden selbst den gaserzeugenden Satz. Die die erfindungsgemäßen Treibladungen enthaltenden Anzündhütchen können dann beispielsweise durch ein primäres Zündhütchen angezündet werden.
- Die erfindungsgemäßen schlagempfindlichen Treibladungen enthalten 5 bis 70 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 10 bis 65 Gew.-% schwermetallfreie Anzündstoffe enthalten, wobei erfindungsgemäß auch Mischungen dieser schwermetallfreien Anzündstoffe eingesetzt werden können. Das erfindungsgemäße Friktionsmittel wird in Mengen von 30 bis 95 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise in Mengen von 35 bis 80 Gew.-% eingesetzt, wobei erfindungsgemäß auch Mischungen dieser Friktionsmittel eingesetzt werden können.
- Durch Variation der Satzzusammensetzung lassen sich Treibladungs-Leistungen aller gewünschten Stärken realisieren.
- Dabei wurden folgende positive Beobachtungen gemacht:
- keine Aerosolbildung;
- keine Waffenerosion durch weiches Friktionsmittel;
- dennoch ausreichende Friktionswirkung;
- gleichmäßige Leistungseinstellung möglich.
- Beispielhaft genannt seien folgende Zusammensetzungen:
Leistung: schwach mittel stark Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat 20 Gew.-% 40 Gew.-% 50 Gew.-% Tetrazen 0 Gew.-% 10 Gew.-% 15 Gew.-% weiches Friktionsmittel 80 Gew.-% 50 Gew.-% 35 Gew.-% - Verwendet werden können die erfindungsgemäßen Treibladungen in Waffen-Übungssystemen.
Claims (7)
- Treibladung für Waffen-Übungssysteme, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Treibladung ein welches Triktionsmittel und einen schwermetallfrelen Anzündstoff bestehend aus mindestens einen schlagempfindlichen Explosivstoff enthält, wobei der Anteil des schlagempfindlichen Explosivstoffes oder der schlagempfindlichen Explosivstoffen an der Treibladung 5 bis 70 Gew.-% und der Anteil des weichen Friktionsmittels an der Treibladung 30 bis 95 Gew.-% beträgt, wobei das weiche Friktionsmittel ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe Marmor, Calcit, Dolomit, weiche Carbonate und/oder Mischungen daraus.
- Treibladung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Anteil des schlagempfindlichen Explosivstoffes oder der schlagempfindlichen Explosivstoffen an der Treibladung 20 bis 65 Gew.% und der Anteil des weichen Friktionsmittels an der Treibladung 35 bis 80 Gew.-% beträgt.
- Treibladung nach nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei dem schlagempfindlichen Explosivstoff oder den schlagempfindlichen Explosivstoffen um Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat und/oder Tetrazen handelt.
- Treibladung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Treibladung folgende Zusammensetzung hat: 20 Gew.-% Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat und 80 Gew.-% Marmorpulver.
- Treibladung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Treibladung folgende Zusammensetzung hat: 40 Gew.-% Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat, 10 Gew.-% Tetrazen, 50 Gew.-% Marmorpulver.
- Treibladung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Treibladung folgende Zusammensetzung hat: 50 Gew.-% Kaliumdinitrobenzofuroxanat, 15 Gew.-% Tetrazen 35 Gew.-% Marmorpulver.
- Treibladung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Treibladung in herkömmliche Anzündhütchen laboriert und durch ein primäres Zündhütchen angezündet werden kann.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10301123 | 2003-01-14 | ||
| DE10301123 | 2003-01-14 | ||
| PCT/EP2004/000197 WO2004063128A1 (de) | 2003-01-14 | 2004-01-14 | Treibladung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1587774A1 EP1587774A1 (de) | 2005-10-26 |
| EP1587774B1 true EP1587774B1 (de) | 2012-03-21 |
Family
ID=32519954
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04701927A Expired - Lifetime EP1587774B1 (de) | 2003-01-14 | 2004-01-14 | Treibladung |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20060137787A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1587774B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE550311T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004001980A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2387125T3 (de) |
| NO (1) | NO332986B1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004063128A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2437077A (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2007-10-17 | Utm Ip Ltd | Primer cup and composition |
| GB2437076A (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2007-10-17 | Utm Ip Ltd | Primer composition |
| IL188714A0 (en) | 2008-01-10 | 2008-08-07 | Rafael Advanced Defense Sys | Simulant material for explosives |
| GB2517119B (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2021-03-03 | Utm Ltd | Explosive composition for use in telescopically expanding non-lethal training ammunition |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1406175A (en) * | 1920-12-31 | 1922-02-14 | Chadeloid Chemical Co | Paint and varnish remover |
| US1406176A (en) * | 1921-06-07 | 1922-02-14 | Diamond Match Co | Process of treating match compositions and the product thereof |
| US3135636A (en) * | 1962-01-02 | 1964-06-02 | Atlas Chem Ind | Ignition composition containing an alkali metal salt of dinitrobenzfuroxan and a lacqer binder |
| DE2017633A1 (en) * | 1970-04-13 | 1971-10-28 | Josef Schaberger & Co Gmbh, 6535 Gau-Algesheim | Ballast-contng propellant with reduceddetona - weapons |
| DE4010102A1 (de) * | 1990-03-29 | 1991-10-02 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum gluehen von staehlernem gluehgut |
| US5167736A (en) * | 1991-11-04 | 1992-12-01 | Olin Corporation | Nontoxic priming mix |
| DE69508023T2 (de) * | 1994-08-27 | 1999-10-07 | Eley Ltd., Witton | Initialladung |
| DE19540278A1 (de) * | 1995-10-28 | 1997-04-30 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Blei- und Barium-freie Anzündsätze |
| DE19616627A1 (de) * | 1996-04-26 | 1997-11-06 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Anzündmischungen |
| DE19643468A1 (de) * | 1996-10-22 | 1998-04-23 | Temic Bayern Chem Airbag Gmbh | Gaserzeugendes, azidfreies Feststoffgemisch |
| GB9705363D0 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1997-04-30 | Pyrotech Munitions Limited | Improvements relating to pyrotechnic ammunition |
| GB2359124A (en) * | 2000-02-08 | 2001-08-15 | Lambeth Properties Ltd | Training ammunition |
-
2004
- 2004-01-13 DE DE200410001980 patent/DE102004001980A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2004-01-14 EP EP04701927A patent/EP1587774B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-14 AT AT04701927T patent/ATE550311T1/de active
- 2004-01-14 ES ES04701927T patent/ES2387125T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-01-14 WO PCT/EP2004/000197 patent/WO2004063128A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-01-14 US US10/542,319 patent/US20060137787A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-08-12 NO NO20053807A patent/NO332986B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-07-18 US US12/175,567 patent/US9181141B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO20053807D0 (no) | 2005-08-12 |
| US9181141B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
| WO2004063128A1 (de) | 2004-07-29 |
| ATE550311T1 (de) | 2012-04-15 |
| DE102004001980A1 (de) | 2004-07-22 |
| ES2387125T3 (es) | 2012-09-14 |
| NO20053807L (no) | 2005-10-05 |
| EP1587774A1 (de) | 2005-10-26 |
| US20090084283A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
| NO332986B1 (no) | 2013-02-11 |
| US20060137787A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
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