Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
  • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
  • E04B2/58—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of metal
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
  • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts

Definitions

• the invention relates to a construction system comprising a wall made up of a set of blocks and a framework comprising horizontal elements and vertical elements for guiding and blocking the set of blocks in the vertical plane and in the horizontal plane.
• Construction systems based on assembled blocks, blocks based on concrete in particular, are advantageous insofar as they make it possible to produce burglar-resistant structures having good mechanical strength.
• the blocks can also present acoustic performances.
• the thermal insulation of walls is currently done by adding on a surface of the wall a coating of insulating material, interior side most often, or exterior side of the building. Insulation from the outside is preferable because it avoids thermal leaks, particularly at the level of the slabs.
• the installation of an insulating coating, interior or exterior, is carried out after the complete completion of the wall.
• the duration of the fixing works is often penalizing for the development, among other things, of finishing products used for exterior insulation. It is the same for a possible cladding, acoustic insulation or having any other characteristic.
• Document Dl discloses a system for building walls based on blocks assembled by means of vertical guide pieces and by means of keys the height of a block. It is not intended here to complete such a wall with an insulating coating and / or a facing.
• the vertical guide parts only provide a block guiding / blocking function, so that all the loads (of a slab, a roof, etc.) supported by the wall are supported exclusively by stacking blocks.
• keys are essential to block the blocks between them.
• the main object of the invention is to propose a system for constructing a wall comprising a set of blocks and a framework, in which a means of fast and easy fixing of a finishing product is provided.
• This objective is achieved with a construction system according to the invention, characterized in that at least one block comprises at least one housing extending from a first lateral face of the block parallel to a first surface of the wall and extending in a direction perpendicular to said lateral face, said housing being intended for the passage or for the fitting of a means of fixing a finishing product to the wall.
• the term secondary product should be understood here in the broadest sense. Here it can be an insulation product (a wooden plate, a polystyrene plate, etc.) and / or a facing product
• the invention also relates to a block for the construction of walls, of substantially parallelepiped shape, comprising a housing extending from a lateral face of the block parallel to a surface of the wall and in a plane perpendicular to said lateral face; said housing is intended for the passage or installation of a means of fixing a finishing product on the wall.
• the block has a suitable shape to form a projection-shaped housing extending towards the outside of the block. If it is envisaged to fix a covering on the two faces of the wall, a second projection, similar to the first, can be provided, extending towards the outside of the block from a second lateral face of the block parallel to the first one.
• the housing is a recess extending towards one inside the block. The recess may possibly lead to the second lateral face of the block, for example if it is desired to place at least one covering on both sides of the wall.
• the shape of the housing is chosen according to the fixing means and the finishing product chosen. If the housing is a structural outgrowth of the block,
• the housing is a recess in the block, it has for example the shape of a groove or a notch open on an upper face of the block and opening outwards on at least one surface of the wall, or else the shape of a hole.
• the construction system according to the invention is advantageously supplemented by a fixing means, cooperating with the housing to allow the fixing of the finishing product on the first surface of the wall.
• the means for fixing the finishing product can be inserted into the housing during the construction of the wall, or later when the finishing product is placed.
• the fixing means can also serve as a blocking element between the block and a vertical element in the horizontal plane.
• Means are preferably provided for holding the fixing means in the housing, so that the fixing means is integral with the block and / or the framework; depending on the shape of the housing and the shape of the fixing means, one can choose for example a key, a screw-nut system, a pin, an elastic ring, an adhesive, an ankle, etc.
• a fixing means provided with a fitting device or a self-locking device such as a fin or the like.
• Shape, size, strength, etc. of the fixing means are a function of the characteristics of the finished work chosen.
• the frame being arranged to block all the blocks, the glue or cement usually used for this purpose is not necessary for the production of walls according to the invention.
• the finishing product can therefore be installed immediately after or even during the construction of the wall.
• the framework used in the invention comprises: - at least two vertical posts, one end of each post being fixed to the ground, the blocks being positioned in the space defined by the posts and the ground, and
• a holding element fixed for example by keying, at a second end of each post to hold the blocks in a vertical plane.
• the posts guide and block the blocks in the horizontal plane in a direction perpendicular to the posts.
• the holding element maintains the posts in position, and vertically blocks the frame and the blocks together.
• the retaining element can also be used, as the case may be, to support lost or collaborating formwork, to directly support any form of slab or any roof support, to serve as formwork at the edge of the slab, etc.
• the framework can be completed by a basic support intended to link the framework to the ground and more generally the wall. It also makes it possible to receive and guide the first row of blocks.
• the base support is rigidly fixed to the ground and the posts are rigidly fixed to the base support.
• the framework ensures the anchoring and assembly of the wall, and the blocking of the blocks in the plane of the wall. It can possibly support an elevation of the wall, a slab, a roof, etc. Also, provision can be made to extend the posts above the blocks and the retaining element, to allow an elevation with any other type of cladding.
• the posts and the retaining element are dimensioned to be stressed in compression totally or partially depending on the resistance of the blocks used.
• a frame reinforces the resistance of the wall to compression, for example to support the weight of a slab, a roof, etc.
• a spacer is also provided, positioned between the ground and the element of holding, substantially parallel to the holding element.
• blocks will be used having on an upper and / or lower face a suitable recess to allow passage of the spacer.
• Each end of the spacer is assembled with a post.
• the main function of the spacer is to maintain the spacing between the posts, in order to facilitate the assembly of the wall. If it is necessary to strengthen the resistance of the wall to a horizontal thrust parallel to the wall (bracing), provision may be made, at at least one end of the spacer, for a clamping means, intended to compress the blocks between two posts.
• the frame and block assembly in this case forms a non-deformable rectangular parallelepiped serving as bracing.
• the blocks used have a suitable shape to allow a male-female type interlocking between two successive blocks of the same horizontal row of blocks, so as to maintain the blocks in a horizontal plane.
• the resistance of the wall to a horizontal thrust perpendicular to the wall is reinforced by the framework. It can possibly be further reinforced by the use of blocks having an appropriate shape to allow a male-female type interlocking between two superimposed blocks.
• a binder such as a cement, an adhesive or a key is not necessary. Indeed, all the parts of the framework are blocked. The blocks are also blocked, in the horizontal plane by the posts and the male-female sockets, and in the vertical plane by the holding element.
• Figure 3 shows a block whose structure forms a housing
• Figures 4 to 6 show embodiments of a means of fixing the finished product.
• the framework is here made of steel. It could also be made of wood, concrete or any other suitable material.
• the framework comprises a profile 8, a set of posts 10, a spacer 11 and a holding element 12.
• Profile 8 forms the basic support; here it has a U shape.
• the posts are here made from a Beam profile (C-shaped section having a reinforcement in the vertical bar of the C, profile known for its resistance to bending).
• the bottom of each post 10 is fixed to the profile 8, by an angle 9 in L; the angle 9 is fixed to the ground at the same time as the profile 8, for example by a lag screw.
• the retaining element 12 is here pierced with a set of holes of suitable shape to allow the top of each post 10 to pass.
• the retaining element 12 comes to bear on the last row of blocks (not shown).
• a key 13 cooperates with a hole located at the top of the post 10 and comes to block the element 12 on the last row of blocks.
• the shape of the hole can also be adapted to accommodate, in addition to the key 13, a concrete iron, for example for the production of a slab.
• Element 12 is made of a steel of varied profile. For example, for an element 12 placed on an exterior wall, it will be possible to choose a square profile as shown in FIG. 2; the vertical side of one square serves for example as formwork for a slab. On an interior wall or a cross wall, you can choose a simple plate or a U-shaped profile.
• the spacer 11 is placed in the example approximately halfway between the support 8 and the element 12. Each end of the spacer 11 passes through a post 10 via a suitable recess, which cooperates with a notch provided at each end of the spacer to maintain the spacing between the posts.
• the spacer 11 is produced here in a flat profile. Any other profile can also be used, provided that it can cooperate with the recesses d (FIG. 3) of the blocks produced to allow the spacer 11 to pass.
• the blocks used are suitably shaped to allow horizontal assembly of the blocks by male-female type interlocking. They also include one or more central walls which define the male or female nesting tips on the one hand, and ensure the solidity of the block on the other hand.
• the most used form 2, 3, 4, 6 is of the male-female type. Different block lengths are provided to adapt to the needs.
• a female-female form 1 and a male-male form 7 are also provided to complete the assembly.
• the blocks are stacked in rows so that two successive rows are offset one by relative to each other, while respecting the spacing between two posts 10 (shown in dotted lines in the figure
• a post 10 passes between the wings of the female end piece b of the concrete blocks 1, 3 and comes to bear on the central wall 31 defining the bottom of the female end piece b; another post 10 passes between the wings of the female end piece b of the breeze block 2 and abuts against the external wall 32 defining the end of the male end piece a breeze block 4.
• the length of a male end piece is chosen to be approximately equal to the depth of a female end piece minus the width of a post 10, so that the central wall 31 of the female end piece of the block 33 comes to bear on the post 10.
• a plug block 5 is also provided, to close between the wings of a female end b of a block if necessary, for example at the end of a row.
• a slot e on both sides of the block 5 allows here to slide the block 5 in a post 10 made from a beam type profile.
• All block shapes have the following points in common: the length of a male end piece is approximately equal to the inside length of the female wings minus the width of a post. in each wing of a female end piece b, a groove c is provided for receiving a fixing means 14 for finishing products.
• FIG. 3 shows a block comprising another form of housing according to the invention. Instead of a notch c, a projection f is provided in the block, on a lateral face of the block.
• the protuberance here has a substantially parallelepiped shape; its section is much less than the surface of a lateral face of the block and its length extends towards the outside of the block, in a plane perpendicular to a lateral face of the block.
• FIGS. 4 to 6 Different embodiments of the fixing means are shown in FIGS. 4 to 6.
• FIG. 4 shows an example of a fixing means 40 according to the invention, adapted to cooperate with a housing formed by two notches opening into the female wings of a block such as those represented in FIG. 1.
• the fixing means 40 is a flat and long piece, having a central body 41.
• the width of the body 41 is greater than the depth of the notches of the blocks and the length Le of the body is equal to the spacing between the two wings d '' a female end of a block.
• the shape of the body prevents any movement of the part 40 in a direction perpendicular to the wall.
• the part 40 also has two fins 42, 43 on either side of the body.
• the length of the fins is at least equal to the thickness of a wing of a female end piece; this length is chosen in practice according to the desired distance between the wall and the finishing cladding.
• Each fin has a width substantially equal to the depth of the notch of the block.
• Each fin 42, 43 is terminated by a trapezoidal shape 44, 45, suitable for clipping an omega-type profile equipped with an appropriate opening.
• FIG. 5a shows a fastening means 50, shown in position in a block in Figure 5b.
• the fixing means 50 is made of a folded sheet and it has the shape of a U having a long side 51, a short side 52 and a bottom 53.
• the short side has a length of one order of a few centimeters.
• the long side 51 has a length chosen according to the distance desired between the wall and the finishing product and the length of the short side; the end of the long side is drilled with a hole to fix the finishing product.
• the part 50 is inserted into one notch in the block so that the short side 52 of the part comes to bear against the post 10 (FIG. 5b).
• a key (not shown in FIG.
• the fixing means 50 has the function, on the one hand of allowing the fixing of the finishing product, and on the other hand of blocking the post 10 against the surface 31 delimiting the bottom of the female end cap.
• Figure 6a shows a fastening means 60, shown in position in a block in Figure 6b.
• the fixing means 60 is made of a folded sheet and it has the shape of a C having a long side 61, two short sides 62, 63 and two folded ends 64, 65.
• the length of the folded ends 64, 65 is dependent the desired distance between the wall and the finishing product.
• the length of the long side 61 is equal to the width of a block plus the length of the ends 64, 65.
• the two short sides are perforated to allow the finishing product to be fixed on the part 60.
• the part 60 is inserted in the notches of the block so that the ends 64, 65 come to rest on the side faces of the block ( Figure 6b).
• the notches c of the block are positioned in an area between the ends of the block.
• B female end width 125mm, wings depth 105mm.
• Fixing means 14 hook made in a flat section 2mm thick 40mm folded at one end

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)
• Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=32715103

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (1)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 2003
  • 2003-12-12 AU AU2003300581A patent/AU2003300581A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-12-12 WO PCT/FR2003/003684 patent/WO2004063482A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-12-12 EP EP03815113A patent/EP1585872A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2005
  • 2005-06-13 MA MA28331A patent/MA27562A1/fr unknown

Patent Citations (1)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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