EP1584890B1 - Splitter erzeugender Gefechtskopf - Google Patents

Splitter erzeugender Gefechtskopf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1584890B1
EP1584890B1 EP05290633A EP05290633A EP1584890B1 EP 1584890 B1 EP1584890 B1 EP 1584890B1 EP 05290633 A EP05290633 A EP 05290633A EP 05290633 A EP05290633 A EP 05290633A EP 1584890 B1 EP1584890 B1 EP 1584890B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
warhead
relays
explosive
target
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05290633A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1584890A2 (de
EP1584890A3 (de
Inventor
Déborah Baricos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexter Munitions SA
Original Assignee
Nexter Munitions SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexter Munitions SA filed Critical Nexter Munitions SA
Publication of EP1584890A2 publication Critical patent/EP1584890A2/de
Publication of EP1584890A3 publication Critical patent/EP1584890A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1584890B1 publication Critical patent/EP1584890B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/095—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed around a warhead, one of the primers or detonators being selected for directional detonation effects

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of the military heads generating splinters.
  • the patents FR-2678723 , US 5544589 and the utility certificate FR2388468 thus describe a military head in which explosive charges distributed around a fragment-generating envelope make it possible to ensure a deformation of the localized envelope opposite a target detected by a proximity fuse.
  • the certificate of utility FR-2388468 proposes to ensure the initiation of the load by a priming means disposed in a manner diametrically opposed to the deformed zone of the envelope.
  • the U.S. Patent No. 3,877,376 also discloses a splinter-generating warhead in which an explosive charge is initiated by a detonator disposed along the central axis of the charge.
  • the load is embedded in a fragmentable envelope.
  • This detonator is activated to generate splinters by the envelope.
  • a particular embodiment provides a section of charges each equipped with an initiator. The role of these charges is clearly explained because their initiation generates heat which causes a reduction of the resistance of the envelope.
  • the U.S. Patent No. 4,026,213 discloses a warhead generating chips having a structure totally different from that of the invention.
  • a first set of initiators causes the envelope to break and a second set of initiator causes the envelope to fragment. This operation concerns all the embodiments.
  • the first set of initiators is represented by a sheet called "Datasheet" to ensure the rupture of the envelopes.
  • the second set of initiator consists of initiators regularly distributed near the envelope. These ensure the fragmentation of the envelope and the projection of the fragments towards the target.
  • the subject of the invention is a military head generating military fragments comprising at least one explosive charge unit disposed in an envelope, and a means of initiation consisting of at least one ring of detonation relay and regularly distributed angularly. around the axis of the warhead, head characterized in that the priming means is integral with an inert support, the inert support being interposed axially between two blocks of explosives or applied laterally against a single block of loading explosive, the relays having their direction of action (d a ... d f ) oriented substantially radially towards the axis of the head and towards the inside of the inert support.
  • the fragment generating envelope is constituted by two cylindrical portions disposed on either side of the relay ring.
  • the military head may be disposed inside a munition case, and have a diameter smaller than the inside diameter of the case.
  • each relay is dimensioned so as not to be able to initiate explosive charging on its own, this initiation being however possible when at least two relays are initiated simultaneously.
  • the relay ring is connected to an electronic ignition device, itself connected to a proximity rocket that can detect the position of a target relative to the military head, the priming device determining from the positioning of the target the relays that must be initiated to direct the chips towards the target.
  • the figure 1 shows a munition 1, for example a missile, which passes near a target 2 such an aircraft.
  • the trajectory 3 of the munition (which is also the axis of the ammunition) is substantially parallel to the trajectory 4 of the target and it is at a distance D from the latter.
  • the munition 1 comprises a proximity fuse 5 whose detection directions ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 ... ⁇ i) are distributed in a cone, coaxial with the axis 3 of the munition, and half-angle at the top ⁇ .
  • Such proximity rockets are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the FR2388468 and FR2678723 describe exemplary embodiments of such rockets. These rockets are equipped with sensors of radar technology or infrared.
  • the rocket 5 makes it possible to determine the direction ⁇ i according to which the target 2 is positioned with respect to the munition.
  • the ammunition 1 is equipped with a military head 6 which projects splinters.
  • the vector V schematizes the projection speed of the fragments in a reference linked to the munition.
  • the vector VR is the velocity vector of the ammunition 1. The composition of these two velocity vectors leads to a projection of the fragments in a direction A.
  • the military head 6 is provided with priming means for focusing the chips in the direction of the target 2.
  • the Figures 2a and 2b show a first embodiment.
  • the military head 6 is housed in a case 7 of the ammunition, the case may be metallic or made of a composite material.
  • the military head 6 comprises two blocks 17a, 17b of an explosive charge. These two blocks are cylindrical and coaxial and their axis axis 3 of the ammunition 1. They also have the same diameter.
  • Each block 17a, 17b is disposed in a separate chip generating envelope 8a, 8b which is closed at one end by a cover 12a, 12b.
  • envelopes will be made of steel or dense alloy and they may include machining or a particular embrittlement treatment favoring the formation of chips. These machining or treatments are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the military head 6 is provided with a priming means which comprises at least one ring of detonation relays 9 regularly angularly distributed about the axis 3 of the warhead 6.
  • the head 6 has six detonation relays 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e and 9f (see figure 2b ). These relays are arranged in the vicinity of the explosive charge blocks 17a and 17b and they each have their direction of action (d a , d b , d c , d d , d e , d f ) which is oriented substantially radially towards the axis 3 of the military head. 6. These directions of action are represented at figure 3a .
  • the ring of the relays 9 is disposed between the two explosive blocks 17a and 17b and the relays 9 are all integral with an inert support 10 which is interposed between the two explosive charge blocks 17a and 17b.
  • the support 10 is shown uncut and the visible relays are relays 9f, 9e and 9d.
  • the support 10 will be formed for example by a polyamide block or by another type of plastic or composite material.
  • All the relays 9 are connected by wires (not shown in these figures) to an electronic ignition device 11 itself connected to the proximity rocket 5.
  • the son may be positioned for example in longitudinal grooves of the case 7.
  • the rocket 5 makes it possible to detect the position of the target 2 with respect to the military head 6. From this positioning of the target, the ignition device determines the relays 9 which must be initiated in order to orient the fragments towards the target 2.
  • Priming device and rocket can of course be constituted by a single subset of the munition 1.
  • the Figures 3a and 3b allow to visualize the ignition mode of the relay ring 9. All relays are connected to the ignition device 11 by conductors 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e and 13f. The conductors may be grouped together in a cable 13. It will also be possible, for the sake of simplicity, to implement a two-wire BUS data transmission link which will connect all the relays in parallel in this case. In this case, the relays must comprise a logic electronic circuit. allowing them to communicate with the priming device 11 and to recognize the transmitted commands.
  • the FR2801698 describes such a device for logic control of pyrotechnic components.
  • each relay 9 will be dimensioned so as not to be able to initiate the explosive charge 17 by itself. This initiation must however be possible when at least two neighboring relays are initiated simultaneously. It is easy for the skilled person to define relays so that the energy provided by the composition of the detonation waves from two relays is sufficient to prime the explosive blocks 17a, 17b while the energy of a single relay is insufficient.
  • the figure 3b shows the progression in the support 10 shock waves 14a and 14f from the two relays 9a and 9f, initiated simultaneously by the priming device 11.
  • these waves are composed and that results in a wave oriented according to the plane of the bisector ⁇ a, f individual directions of action d f and d a .
  • the relays 9 are not oriented towards the explosive blocks to be initiated 17a and 17b.
  • the shock wave that is generated by each relay 9 has a spherical symmetry. It therefore progresses not only along the direction ⁇ a, f but also laterally in each of the blocks 17a, 17b.
  • the figure 3c shows this progression of the shock waves 15 and 16 which develop from the support 10 towards the ends of the blocks 17a and 17b in the directions ( ⁇ a, f ) 1 and ( ⁇ a, f ) 2 which are symmetrical one the other with respect to the radial direction ⁇ a, f .
  • the kinetic energy is then maximal for the chips generated by the envelope generators 8a, 8b which are arranged facing the target. It is minimal for the chips generated by the neighboring envelope generators of the initiated relays (9a, 9f), therefore for the generatrices which are oriented in a direction opposite to that of the target.
  • the invention makes it possible, with an extremely simple mounting of the priming means, to produce a military head that can orient the chips in several preferred directions, the direction being chosen according to the indications given by a proximity rocket.
  • a simultaneous initiation of six relays can generate in each block of explosive 17a, 17b a detonation wave progressing along the axis 3 of the warhead and this in a manner equivalent to what would be obtained with a single relay axially disposed at one end of the block.
  • the military head according to the invention can therefore also operate with a flash generation mode following an unfocused spray.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b show another embodiment of a warhead 6 in which a detonation relay ring 9 is disposed on one side of a single block 17 of explosive material.
  • the relay ring 9 is disposed in an inert support 10 which is applied against the explosive charge block 17.
  • the block is shown uncut and the visible relays are relays 9f, 9e and 9d.
  • the operating mode is similar to that described above with reference to Figures 2a to 3c .
  • This embodiment makes it possible to project the chips for example in the direction ( ⁇ d, c ) 1 .
  • This military head is easy to implement and integrate into a munition.
  • the figure 5 mounted a military head according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • This variant differs from the previous ones in that the warhead 6 is sub-calibrated with respect to the internal diameter of the case 7.
  • the head shown here has a structure similar to that of Figures 2a and 2b and therefore comprises two explosive blocks 17a, 17b separated by a relay ring 9 disposed in an inert support 10.
  • the two blocks 17a, 17b and the support 10 are bonded to each other by gluing.
  • the assembly is also secured to the two end covers 12a and 12b which are at the inside diameter of the case 7 and which ensure the radial positioning of the head relative to the case 7.
  • the annular space separating the inner surface of the case 7 and the military head 6 has a thickness of some millimeters. Such an arrangement makes it possible to easily pass the various wires 13 connecting the relays 9 to the starting device 11.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Splitter erzeugender Gefechtskopf (6) umfassend wenigstens einen Block (17) mit Explosivladung, der in einer Hülle (8) angeordnet ist, und ein Zündmittel, das von wenigstens einem Kranz von Detonationsrelais (9) gebildet wird, die gleichmäßig über den Umfang um die Achse (3) des Gefechtskopfes verteilt sind, wobei der Kopf dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Zündmittel fest mit einem reaktionslosen Träger (10) verbunden ist, wobei der reaktionslose Träger axial zwischen zwei Explosivblöcken (17a, 17b) eingefügt oder auch seitlich gegen einen einzigen Block von Explosivladung (17) angelegt ist, wobei die Relais (9) ihre Wirkungsrichtung (da... df) im wesentlichen radial zur Achse (3) des Kopfes in Richtung des Inneren des reaktionslosen Trägers (10) ausgerichtet haben.
  2. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Splitter erzeugende Hülle von zwei zylindrischen Abschnitten (8a, 8b) gebildet wird, die beiderseits des Kranzes von Relais (9) angeordnet sind.
  3. Gefechtskopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er im Inneren einer Munitionshülse (7) angeordnet ist und dass er einen Durchmesser besitzt, der kleiner als der Innendurchmesser der Hülse ist.
  4. Gefechtskopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Relais (9) derartig dimensioniert ist, dass es selbst die Explosivladung (17) nicht initiieren kann, wobei diese Initiierung jedoch möglich ist, wenn wenigstens zwei Relais gleichzeitig initiiert werden.
  5. Gefechtskopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kranz von Relais (7) mit einer elektronischen Zündvorrichtung (11) verbunden ist, welche selbst mit einem Annäherungszünder (5) verbunden ist, der die Position eines Ziels (2) in Bezug auf den Gefechtskopf (6) erfassen kann, wobei die Zündvorrichtung ausgehend von der Positionierung des Ziels die Relais bestimmt, die initiiert werden müssen, um die Splitter in Richtung des Ziels (2) auszurichten.
EP05290633A 2004-04-07 2005-03-23 Splitter erzeugender Gefechtskopf Not-in-force EP1584890B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0403728A FR2868832B1 (fr) 2004-04-07 2004-04-07 Tete militaire generatrice d'eclats
FR0403728 2004-04-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1584890A2 EP1584890A2 (de) 2005-10-12
EP1584890A3 EP1584890A3 (de) 2006-06-21
EP1584890B1 true EP1584890B1 (de) 2011-08-17

Family

ID=34896729

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05290633A Not-in-force EP1584890B1 (de) 2004-04-07 2005-03-23 Splitter erzeugender Gefechtskopf

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1584890B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE520955T1 (de)
ES (1) ES2369668T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2868832B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2940683B1 (fr) * 2008-12-31 2011-03-18 Nexter Munitions Tete militaire projetant des barreaux.
FR3041745B1 (fr) * 2015-09-28 2018-02-16 Nexter Munitions Enveloppe de tete militaire et tete militaire incorporant une telle enveloppe

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3877376A (en) * 1960-07-27 1975-04-15 Us Navy Directed warhead
US5182418A (en) * 1965-06-21 1993-01-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Aimable warhead
DE1453815A1 (de) * 1965-12-10 1969-02-06 Boelkow Gmbh Verfahren zum Ausloesen der Sprengladung bei einem Sprengladungsgeschoss
US4026213A (en) * 1971-06-17 1977-05-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Selectively aimable warhead
FR2388468A7 (fr) 1975-01-30 1978-11-17 France Etat Projectile explosif, notamment de defense anti-aerienne
FR2678723B1 (fr) 1981-06-26 1993-11-12 Etat Francais Projectile explosif, notamment anti-aerien, comprenant une charge a effet directionnel rotatif.
DE4139372C1 (de) 1991-11-29 1995-03-02 Deutsche Aerospace Splittergefechtskopf
DE10222184B4 (de) * 2002-05-18 2005-06-09 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Gefechtskopf

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2369668T3 (es) 2011-12-02
FR2868832B1 (fr) 2008-07-11
ATE520955T1 (de) 2011-09-15
EP1584890A2 (de) 2005-10-12
FR2868832A1 (fr) 2005-10-14
EP1584890A3 (de) 2006-06-21

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