EP1583896B1 - Multipart cooled piston for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Multipart cooled piston for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1583896B1
EP1583896B1 EP03770881A EP03770881A EP1583896B1 EP 1583896 B1 EP1583896 B1 EP 1583896B1 EP 03770881 A EP03770881 A EP 03770881A EP 03770881 A EP03770881 A EP 03770881A EP 1583896 B1 EP1583896 B1 EP 1583896B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
piston part
cooling channel
threaded
bolt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03770881A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1583896A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Scharp
Dieter Messmer
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Mahle GmbH
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Mahle GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1583896A1 publication Critical patent/EP1583896A1/en
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Publication of EP1583896B1 publication Critical patent/EP1583896B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/0023—Multi-part pistons the parts being bolted or screwed together

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-part cooled piston for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim.
  • European Patent Application 0 604 223 A1 discloses a piston which is used in a diesel engine and which consists of a piston upper part and a piston lower part.
  • the upper piston part is screwed onto the lower part of the piston via a threaded bolt mounted centrally on the upper part of the piston and via a threaded hole incorporated in the lower part of the piston.
  • a threaded bolt mounted centrally on the upper part of the piston and via a threaded hole incorporated in the lower part of the piston.
  • a lock nut In order to achieve a permanent assembly connection, it is necessary to secure the screw connection by means of a lock nut.
  • the disadvantage here is that during assembly of the piston, only a short piece of the threaded bolt between the pin bosses appears, so that it is difficult to screw on a lock nut.
  • a piston according to the preamble of claim 1 is described in EP 04 696 66 A1.
  • the invention is based on the problem of designing the upper and the lower part of a multi-part, cooled piston such that a simple assembly of the piston upper part on the piston lower part is possible without the additional use of a lock nut or other securing means.
  • a multi-part cooled piston 1 which consists of a piston upper part 2, which has a combustion bowl 3 and an annular wall 4 with a ring portion 5, and a piston lower part 6, which has a box-shaped piston shaft 7 and two associated pin bosses 8 each comprises a pin bore 9 for receiving a piston pin, not shown in the figure.
  • the upper piston part 2 and the lower piston part 6 delimit an outer annular cooling channel 10 and an inner cooling channel 11 arranged concentrically therewith, wherein the outer cooling channel 10 has at least one inflow opening 12 for introducing cooling oil and is connected to the inner cooling channel 11 via at least one overflow channel 13 ,
  • This overflow channel 13 may be formed as a bore.
  • two opposing overflow channels 13 may be provided here.
  • the inner cooling channel 11 has at least one drain hole 14, via which the cooling oil can escape from the inner cooling channel 11.
  • the upper piston part 2 is in this case on the one hand via an annular bearing surface 15 which is arranged on the combustion bowl 3 side facing away from the piston upper part 2, on an upper support surface 16 of an annular support rib 17 of the piston lower part 6 and on the other via a on the underside of the annular wall 4 located cross-sectional area 18 mounted on an upper cross-sectional area 19 of an annular support web 20 of the piston lower part 6.
  • the bearing surfaces 15 and 16 form an inner, planar and horizontally arranged, or roof or plate-shaped support 21 and the cross-sectional surfaces 18 and 19 a to the inner pad 21 coaxially and horizontally arranged, or also roof or plate-shaped, outer pad 22nd
  • the support web 20 is formed step-shaped, so that the piston upper part 2 can be centered by a machined into the inside of the lower part of the annular wall 4, cylindrical recess 23 in that during assembly of Kolbenober- and -unterteil the inner wall of the cylindrical recess 23 with the cylindrical Front side 24 of the support web 20 comes into contact, wherein it is necessary that the inner diameter of the cylindrical recess 23 is greater by such a tolerance measure than the outer diameter of the cylindrical end face 24 of the support web 20 that a trouble-free mounting of the upper part 2 is ensured on the lower part 6 ,
  • On the combustion bowl 3 side facing away from the piston upper part 2 has a centrally and coaxially to the longitudinal axis 25 of the piston 1 arranged bolt 26, whose end 27 is provided with a thread 28.
  • the region 31 between the annular support rib 17 of the piston lower part 6, which defines the inner cooling channel 11 together with the piston upper part 2, is formed relatively thin-walled and is provided in its center with a coaxial with the longitudinal axis 25 of the piston 1 arranged bore 29, the one on the thread 28 of the bolt 26 has matching internal thread 30.
  • the piston upper part 2 may consist of an oxidation-resistant and / or heat-resistant material.
  • the piston lower part 6 consists of a precipitation-hardening ferritic-pearlitic steel or tempered steel, the steel grades 38MnVS6 or 42CrMo4 typically being used (according to the German Steel-Iron-Material-Sheet 101).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen mehrteiligen gekühlten Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches.The invention relates to a multi-part cooled piston for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim.

Aus der Europäischen Patentanmeldung 0 604 223 A1 ist ein Kolben bekannt, der in einem Dieselmotor verwendet wird, und der aus einem Kolbenoberteil und einem Kolbenunterteil besteht. Über einen am Kolbenoberteil mittig angebrachten Gewindebolzen und über eine in das Kolbenunterteil eingearbeitete Gewindebohrung wird bei der Montage des Kolbens das Kolbenoberteil auf das Kolbenunterteil geschraubt. Um hierbei eine dauerhafte Montageverbindung zu erreichen, ist es erforderlich, die Schraubverbindung mittels einer Kontermutter zu sichern. Nachteilig ist hierbei, dass bei der Montage des Kolbens nur ein kurzes Stück des Gewindebolzens zwischen den Bolzennaben in Erscheinung tritt, sodass es schwer ist, hierauf eine Kontermutter zu schrauben.European Patent Application 0 604 223 A1 discloses a piston which is used in a diesel engine and which consists of a piston upper part and a piston lower part. The upper piston part is screwed onto the lower part of the piston via a threaded bolt mounted centrally on the upper part of the piston and via a threaded hole incorporated in the lower part of the piston. In order to achieve a permanent assembly connection, it is necessary to secure the screw connection by means of a lock nut. The disadvantage here is that during assembly of the piston, only a short piece of the threaded bolt between the pin bosses appears, so that it is difficult to screw on a lock nut.

Ein Kolben nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 wird im EP 04 696 66 A1.A piston according to the preamble of claim 1 is described in EP 04 696 66 A1.

Hiervon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung das Problem zugrunde, das Ober- und das Unterteil eines mehrteiligen, gekühlten Kolbens derart zu gestalten, dass eine einfache Montage des Kolbenoberteiles auf das Kolbenunterteil ohne die zusätzliche Verwendung einer Kontermutter oder sonstiger Sicherungsmittel möglich ist.On this basis, the invention is based on the problem of designing the upper and the lower part of a multi-part, cooled piston such that a simple assembly of the piston upper part on the piston lower part is possible without the additional use of a lock nut or other securing means.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe mit den im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruches stehenden Merkmalen. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass sich beim Aufschrauben des Kolbenoberteils auf das Kolbenunterteil der dünnwandige, mit der Gewindebohrung versehene Bereich des Kolbenunterteiles tellerfederartig aufwölbt, sodass hierdurch nach der Montage des Kolbens auf den Gewindebolzen eine Zugspannung ausgeübt wird, die eine dauerhafte Montageverbindung zwischen Kolbenober- und Kolbenunterteil mit sich bringt.The problem is solved with the standing in the characterizing part of claim characteristics. This ensures that when screwing the upper piston part on the lower part of the thin-walled, provided with the threaded portion of the piston bottom bulges like a plate, so that hereby after the assembly of the piston on the threaded bolt a tensile stress is exerted, the a permanent assembly connection between Kolbenober- and piston base brings with it.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben. Sie zeigt ein Schnittbild des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbens, dessen linke Hälfte einen Halbschnitt des Kolbens in Bolzenrichtung und dessen rechte Hälfte einen Halbschnitt des Kolbens in Druck-Gegendruck-Richtung darstellt.An embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawing. It shows a sectional view of the piston according to the invention, the left half represents a half-section of the piston in the bolt direction and the right half of a half-section of the piston in the pressure-back pressure direction.

In der Figur ist ein mehrteiliger gekühlter Kolben 1 dargestellt, der aus einem Kolbenoberteil 2, das eine Verbrennungsmulde 3 und eine Ringwand 4 mit einer Ringpartie 5 aufweist, und aus einem Kolbenunterteil 6 besteht, das einen kastenförmigen Kolbenschaft 7 und zwei damit verbundene Bolzennaben 8 mit je einer Bolzenbohrung 9 zur Aufnahme eines in der Figur nicht dargestellten Kolbenbolzens umfasst. Das Kolbenoberteil 2 und das Kolbenunterteil 6 begrenzen einen äußeren ringförmigen Kühlkanal 10 und einen konzentrisch dazu angeordneten, inneren Kühlkanal 11, wobei der äußere Kühlkanal 10 mindestens eine Zuflussöffnung 12 zum Einleiten von Kühlöl aufweist und über mindestens einen Überlaufkanal 13 mit dem inneren Kühlkanal 11 verbunden ist. Dieser Überlaufkanal 13 kann als Bohrung ausgebildet sein. Beispielsweise können hierbei zwei einander gegenüberliegende Überlaufkanäle 13 vorgesehen sein. Der innere Kühlkanal 11 weist mindestens eine Ablaufbohrung 14 auf, über die das Kühlöl aus dem inneren Kühlkanal 11 austreten kann.In the figure, a multi-part cooled piston 1 is shown, which consists of a piston upper part 2, which has a combustion bowl 3 and an annular wall 4 with a ring portion 5, and a piston lower part 6, which has a box-shaped piston shaft 7 and two associated pin bosses 8 each comprises a pin bore 9 for receiving a piston pin, not shown in the figure. The upper piston part 2 and the lower piston part 6 delimit an outer annular cooling channel 10 and an inner cooling channel 11 arranged concentrically therewith, wherein the outer cooling channel 10 has at least one inflow opening 12 for introducing cooling oil and is connected to the inner cooling channel 11 via at least one overflow channel 13 , This overflow channel 13 may be formed as a bore. For example, two opposing overflow channels 13 may be provided here. The inner cooling channel 11 has at least one drain hole 14, via which the cooling oil can escape from the inner cooling channel 11.

Das Kolbenoberteil 2 ist hierbei zum einen über eine ringförmige Auflagefläche 15, die auf der der Verbrennungsmulde 3 abgewandten Seite des Kolbenoberteiles 2 angeordnet ist, auf einer oberen Auflagefläche 16 einer ringförmigen Tragrippe 17 des Kolbenunterteils 6 und zum anderen über eine sich auf der Unterseite der Ringwand 4 befindende Querschnittsfläche 18 auf einer oberen Querschnittsfläche 19 eines ringförmigen Tragsteges 20 des Kolbenunterteiles 6 gelagert. Hierbei bilden die Auflageflächen 15 und 16 eine innere, ebene und horizontal angeordnete, bzw. dach- oder tellerförmig ausgebildete Auflage 21 und die Querschnittsflächen 18 und 19 eine zur inneren Auflage 21 koaxial und horizontal angeordnete, bzw. ebenfalls dach- oder tellerförmig ausgebildete, äußere Auflage 22.The upper piston part 2 is in this case on the one hand via an annular bearing surface 15 which is arranged on the combustion bowl 3 side facing away from the piston upper part 2, on an upper support surface 16 of an annular support rib 17 of the piston lower part 6 and on the other via a on the underside of the annular wall 4 located cross-sectional area 18 mounted on an upper cross-sectional area 19 of an annular support web 20 of the piston lower part 6. Here, the bearing surfaces 15 and 16 form an inner, planar and horizontally arranged, or roof or plate-shaped support 21 and the cross-sectional surfaces 18 and 19 a to the inner pad 21 coaxially and horizontally arranged, or also roof or plate-shaped, outer pad 22nd

Der Tragsteg 20 ist stufenförmig ausgebildet, sodass das Kolbenoberteil 2 über eine in die Innenseite des unteren Teiles der Ringwand 4 eingearbeitete, zylinderförmige Ausnehmung 23 dadurch zentriert werden kann, dass beim Zusammenbau von Kolbenober- und -unterteil die Innenwand der zylinderförmigen Ausnehmung 23 mit der zylinderförmigen Stirnseite 24 des Tragsteges 20 in Kontakt kommt, wobei erforderlich ist, dass der Innendurchmesser der zylinderförmigen Ausnehmung 23 um ein solches Toleranzmaß größer ist als der Außendurchmesser der zylinderförmigen Stirnseite 24 des Tragsteges 20, dass eine problemlose Montage des Oberteils 2 auf das Unterteil 6 gewährleistet ist.The support web 20 is formed step-shaped, so that the piston upper part 2 can be centered by a machined into the inside of the lower part of the annular wall 4, cylindrical recess 23 in that during assembly of Kolbenober- and -unterteil the inner wall of the cylindrical recess 23 with the cylindrical Front side 24 of the support web 20 comes into contact, wherein it is necessary that the inner diameter of the cylindrical recess 23 is greater by such a tolerance measure than the outer diameter of the cylindrical end face 24 of the support web 20 that a trouble-free mounting of the upper part 2 is ensured on the lower part 6 ,

Auf der der Verbrennungsmulde 3 abgewandten Seite weist das Kolbenoberteil 2 einen mittig und koaxial zur Längsachse 25 des Kolbens 1 angeordneten Bolzen 26 auf, dessen Ende 27 mit einem Gewinde 28 versehen ist. Der Bereich 31 zwischen der ringförmigen Tragrippe 17 des Kolbenunterteils 6, der gemeinsam mit dem Kolbenoberteil 2 den inneren Kühlkanal 11 begrenzt, ist relativ dünnwandig ausgebildet und ist in seiner Mitte mit einer koaxial zur Längsachse 25 des Kolbens 1 angeordneten Bohrung 29 versehen, die ein auf das Gewinde 28 des Bolzens 26 passendes Innengewinde 30 aufweist.On the combustion bowl 3 side facing away from the piston upper part 2 has a centrally and coaxially to the longitudinal axis 25 of the piston 1 arranged bolt 26, whose end 27 is provided with a thread 28. The region 31 between the annular support rib 17 of the piston lower part 6, which defines the inner cooling channel 11 together with the piston upper part 2, is formed relatively thin-walled and is provided in its center with a coaxial with the longitudinal axis 25 of the piston 1 arranged bore 29, the one on the thread 28 of the bolt 26 has matching internal thread 30.

Dies ermöglicht, dass bei der Montage des Kolbens 1 lediglich der Gewindebolzen 26 des Kolbenoberteils 2 in die Gewindebohrung 29 des Bereiches 31 eingeschraubt werden muss. Hierbei bewirkt die Elastizität des relativ dünnwandigen Bereiches 31, dass dieser sich beim Zusammenschrauben von Kolbenober- und -unterteil wie eine Tellerfeder verformt und sich das innere, mit der Gewindebohrung 29 versehene Zentrum des Bereiches 31 in Richtung Kolbenoberteil 2 aufwölbt. Zusätzlich verlängert sich bei der Montage der gewindelose Dehnschaft des Gewindebolzens 26, wodurch eine weitere Verbesserung der Sicherheit des Sitzes des Kolbenoberteiles 2 auf dem Kolbenunterteil 6 erreicht wird. Hierbei werden sowohl die Auflageflächen 15 und 16 der inneren Auflage 21 als auch die Querschnittsflächen 18 und 19 der äußeren Auflage 22 aufeinandergepresst, wodurch der innere und der äußere Kühlkanal 10 und 11 abgedichtet werden. Die Festigkeit der Montage von Kolbenober- und -unterteil wird damit so weit vergrößert, dass eine zusätzliche Mutter, bzw. Kontermutter zum Erreichen einer dauerhaften Montageverbindung nicht erforderlich ist. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass unter allen denkbaren Betriebsbedingungen eine ausreichende Vorspannung der beiden Teile des Kolbens gewährleistet ist.This allows that during assembly of the piston 1, only the threaded bolt 26 of the upper piston part 2 must be screwed into the threaded bore 29 of the region 31. In this case, the elasticity of the relatively thin-walled region 31 causes it to deform like a plate spring when the upper and lower piston parts are screwed together and the inner center of the region 31, which is provided with the threaded bore 29, bulges in the direction of the piston upper part 2. In addition, during assembly of the threadless expansion shaft of the threaded bolt 26, whereby a further improvement in the safety of the seat of the piston upper part 2 is achieved on the piston lower part 6. Here are both the bearing surfaces 15 and 16 of the inner pad 21 and the cross-sectional surfaces 18 and 19 of the outer pad 22 are pressed together, whereby the inner and the outer cooling channel 10 and 11 are sealed. The strength of the assembly of Kolbenober- and -unterteil is thus increased so that an additional nut or lock nut to achieve a permanent mounting connection is not required. Experiments have shown that under all conceivable operating conditions a sufficient bias of the two parts of the piston is guaranteed.

Das Kolbenoberteil 2 kann aus einem oxidationsbeständigen und/oder warmfesten Werkstoff bestehen. Zum Einsatz kommen typischerweise Stähle mit Chromgehalten ≥ 4 % aus den Werkstoffgruppen der chemisch beständigen Stähle gem. DIN EN 10027-2 (Stahlgruppen-Nummern 1.4x xx), wie nichtrostende, hochwarmfeste oder hitzebeständige Stähle, sowie aus der Werkstoffgruppe der legierten Werkzeugstähle, wie legierte Warmarbeitsstähle.The piston upper part 2 may consist of an oxidation-resistant and / or heat-resistant material. Steels with chromium contents ≥ 4% from the material groups of chemically resistant steels acc. DIN EN 10027-2 (steel group numbers 1.4x xx), such as stainless, high-temperature or heat-resistant steels, as well as from the material group of alloyed tool steels, such as alloyed hot-work tool steels.

Das Kolbenunterteil 6 besteht aus einem ausscheidungshärtenden ferritisch-perlitischen Stahl oder Vergütungsstahl, wobei typischerweise die Stahlgüten 38MnVS6 oder 42CrMo4 eingesetzt werden (nach dem deutschen Stahl-Eisen-Werkstoffblatt 101).The piston lower part 6 consists of a precipitation-hardening ferritic-pearlitic steel or tempered steel, the steel grades 38MnVS6 or 42CrMo4 typically being used (according to the German Steel-Iron-Material-Sheet 101).

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Kolbenpiston
2.Second
KolbenoberteilPiston crown
33
Verbrennungsmuldecombustion bowl
44
Ringwandring wall
55
Ringpartiering belt
66
KolbenunterteilPiston part
77
Kolbenschaftpiston shaft
88th
Bolzennabepin boss
99
Bolzenbohrungpin bore
1010
äußerer Kühlkanalouter cooling channel
1111
innerer Kühllanalinner cooling channel
1212
Zuflussöffnunginflow opening
1313
Überlaufkanal, BohrungOverflow channel, bore
1414
Ablaufbohrungdrain hole
1515
Auflagefläche des Kolbenoberteils 2Support surface of the piston upper part 2
1616
Auflagefläche des Kolbenunterteils 6Support surface of the piston lower part 6
1717
Tragrippesupporting rib
1818
Querschnittsfläche des Kolbenoberteils 2Cross sectional area of the piston upper part 2
1919
Querschnittsfläche des Kolbenunterteils 6Cross-sectional area of the piston lower part 6
2020
Tragstegcarrying web
2121
innere Auflageinner edition
2222
äußere Auflageouter edition
2323
Ausnehmung der Ringwand 4Recess of the annular wall. 4
2424
Stirnseite des Tragsteges 20Front side of the support web 20
2525
Längsachse des Kolbens 1Longitudinal axis of the piston 1
2626
Bolzen, GewindebolzenBolts, threaded bolts
2727
Ende des Bolzens 26End of the bolt 26
2828
Gewindethread
2929
Bohrung, GewindebohrungBore, threaded hole
3030
Innengewinde der Bohrung 29Internal thread of the bore 29
3131
Bereich zwischen der Tragrippe 17Area between the support rib 17

Claims (1)

  1. Multi-part, cooled piston (1) for an internal-combustion engine consisting of an upper piston part (2) with a ring wall (4) and a ring section (5) and of a lower piston part (6) which, with the upper piston part (2), forms an outer annular cooling channel (10) and, in addition, an inner annular cooling channel (11) arranged concentrically with respect thereto, and which comprises a box-shaped piston shaft (7) with two bolt hubs (8) connected thereto, wherein the upper piston part (2) has a threaded bolt (26) arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis (25) of the piston (1) on the side facing the lower piston part (6) and the lower piston part (6) has a threaded bore (29), which is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal piston axis (25) having an inner thread (30) matched to the thread (28) of the threaded bolt (26), on the side facing the upper piston part (2), and wherein the threaded bolt (26) and the threaded bore (29) are arranged in such a way that the threaded bolt (26) can be screwed into the threaded bore (29) to fit the upper piston part (2) to the lower piston part (6), wherein the threaded bore (26) forms an inner limitation of the inner cooling channel (11), characterised in that a region (31) of the piston lower part (6) covering the inner cooling channel (11) has the threaded bore (29) and is configured to be thin-walled in such a way that it can be deformed in a manner of a cup spring.
EP03770881A 2002-12-06 2003-09-24 Multipart cooled piston for an internal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related EP1583896B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10257022 2002-12-06
DE10257022A DE10257022A1 (en) 2002-12-06 2002-12-06 Multi-part cooled piston for an internal combustion engine
PCT/DE2003/003170 WO2004053319A1 (en) 2002-12-06 2003-09-24 Multipart cooled piston for an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1583896A1 EP1583896A1 (en) 2005-10-12
EP1583896B1 true EP1583896B1 (en) 2006-05-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03770881A Expired - Fee Related EP1583896B1 (en) 2002-12-06 2003-09-24 Multipart cooled piston for an internal combustion engine

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6729291B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1583896B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4414894B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101067577B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100339584C (en)
BR (2) BR0317030A (en)
DE (2) DE10257022A1 (en)
HK (1) HK1084169A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2313679C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2004053319A1 (en)

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DE50303408D1 (en) 2006-06-22
CN100339584C (en) 2007-09-26
KR20050084180A (en) 2005-08-26
CN1714232A (en) 2005-12-28
RU2313679C2 (en) 2007-12-27
JP4414894B2 (en) 2010-02-10
US6729291B1 (en) 2004-05-04
EP1583896A1 (en) 2005-10-12
JP2006509152A (en) 2006-03-16
DE10257022A1 (en) 2004-06-17
KR101067577B1 (en) 2011-09-27
HK1084169A1 (en) 2006-07-21
WO2004053319A1 (en) 2004-06-24
RU2005121255A (en) 2006-06-10
BR0310142B1 (en) 2013-02-19

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