Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
  • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
  • F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular a charge air cooler for a motor vehicle.
• the air to be supplied to the combustion can be compressed, for example, with a turbocharger before it is supplied to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.
• a turbocharger takes the same time heating thereof to which is disadvantageous for an optimal course of the combustion process with '. For example, premature ignition or increased nitrogen oxide emissions can be triggered.
• a turbocharger is followed by a trained as intercooler heat exchanger with which the compressed air can be cooled before 'their combustion to an allowable temperature.
• a charge air cooler is described for example in DE 197 57 034 A1.
• the hot air is introduced into a first collecting duct of the heat exchanger, where it is distributed and flows into flat tubes which open into the collecting duct.
• the flat tubes are side by side, and with the side surfaces containing the long sides of their cross section arranged parallel to each other and forming a flow path through which cooling air is passed.
• Cooling fins are arranged in the flow path between the flat tubes, which effect an effective heat exchange between the flat tubes and the cooling air flow.
• the - flat tubes open into a second collecting duct, which guides the cooled, compressed charge air flowing into them into the combustion in the engine.
• Pipes are usually inserted into openings in a tube sheet and soldered in a fluid-tight manner. With every load of compressed air, this solder joint is subject to high mechanical loads due to rapid pressure changes.
• the narrow sides of flat tubes in particular do not meet the increasing strength requirements, which can result in leaks, in particular, in areas of such tube-base connections facing the sides of the tube sheet.
• a simple way to increase the strength of tube-to-floor connections is to use tubes and / or tube sheets with a higher wall thickness or from outer and / or inner fins with a higher material thickness.
• the increased mechanical stability is obvious in both cases, but the additional effort in terms of material costs and weight is very high.
• the object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger, in particular a charge air cooler, in which mechanical loads on pipe-to-floor connections are reduced without additional material expenditure
• a heat exchanger has tubes which are suitable for a first medium to flow through and a second medium to flow around them, so that heat can be transferred from the first to the second medium or vice versa.
• At least one header box communicating with the tubes comprises at least one tube plate which has an essentially flat central region and at least one side region which is angled or rounded off with respect to the central region.
• the tube plate preferably has two side regions, in particular opposite one another, which are angled or rounded off with respect to the central region.
• In the middle area there are pipe openings into which the pipes can be inserted to form the communicating connection with the header box.
• the geometry of the collecting tank approximates under pressure load by deforming a spherical shape
• the spherical shape has the greatest possible volume under all three-dimensional bodies for a given surface
• at least one of the pipe openings in the central area of the pipe bottom advantageous to the at least one side area or into the at least one side area.
• the pipe opening preferably extends into the angled or rounded side area, but it also extends to the side area.
• a central area of a tube sheet is to be regarded as essentially flat if the tube sheet in this area is largely flat.
• a tube sheet central region with borders of tube openings formed as so-called passages and / or with other slight deviations from flatness is essentially flat within the scope of the invention.
• the at least one side region of the tube sheet comprises one or more flat partial regions, so that the collecting box has a faceted shape. This enables safe manufacturing with low manufacturing tolerances.
• the at least one side region preferably has a curve with an approximately constant radius of curvature or a plurality of curves with different ones , Radii of curvature. A particularly good approximation to a semicircular cross section of the tube sheet is thereby achieved.
• a continuously convex design of the at least also serves to improve the approximation to a semicircular shape of the tube base cross section. at least one side area. Concave sections of strong deformations in the event of pressure loads are avoided.
• the tube sheet passages which delimit the tube holes, the "optionally in the collecting box in point or out point of the collecting box. These passages serve an enlarged contact area between the inserted pipes and the tube sheet, whereby the tube-to-floor connection is strengthened.
• the passage of the at least one tube opening at or in at least one side area is particularly advantageous than in the central area of the tube sheet. Characterized an engagement surface for stemming from the side portion mechanical stresses on the tube-to-ground connection is reduced, while still a high stability of the tube-plate connecting up in the central region of the tube plate 'quite obtained.
• the heat exchanger according to the invention is designed as an intercooler, which can be used particularly preferably in motor vehicles.
• the charge air cooler has two collecting boxes, a first of which is provided for distribution and a second for collecting charge air.
• Each of the collecting boxes advantageously has exactly one tube plate, which is provided with a series of tube openings. It is also advantageous to use a series of flat tubes with corrugated fins in between, in particular soldered, since this results in an increased heat transfer area.
• Air is preferably used as the cooling medium, although other cooling media such as water or coolant are also conceivable.
• 1 c a cross section of a . heat exchanger
• a collecting box 20 for distributing a first medium consists of a tube sheet 30 and a box cover 40, which are welded together at a common contact surface 50.
• the box cover 40 is inserted into the tube sheet 30. It 'is just as conceivable, 40 intimidstecken the box lid on the tube sheet 30 or otherwise be attached to the tubesheet 30th
• a tube sheet and a box cover are connected to one another by soldering, gluing or in a form-fitting manner, or are formed in one piece or in one piece, that is to say, for example, from a deformed plate.
• the tube sheet 30 has a tube opening 60, the edge 70 of which is formed as a so-called passage into the interior of the collecting tank.
• An essentially rectangular flat tube 80 is inserted into the tube opening 60 and is soldered or welded to the tube sheet 30.
• corrugated ribs are not shown, so that a heat transfer from the first flowing around to a tube ⁇ 80 and the ribs second medium or from the second to the first medium is increased on both sides adjacent to the flat tube 80 and are soldered to the latter.
• the heat exchanger comprises 10 a whole series of alternating flat tubes and corrugated fins, which form a so-called tube-fin block.
• the tube 80 is inserted so far into the tube opening 60 that an upper edge region 90 of the tube 80 projects beyond the passage 70.
• This ensures good utilization of an inner surface of the passage 70 facing / not visible to the tube 80 as a contact surface for a tube-floor connection. This serves, for example, for tight soldering.
• the protrusion of the ' tube 80 over the tube sheet 30 is to be kept as low as possible. For this reason, the tube opening 60 is located in an essentially flat central region 100 of the tube plate 30.
• the collecting box 20 may deform in such a way that its cross-sectional shape approximates a circular shape.
• side areas 110, 120 of the tube sheet 30 are angled relative to the central area 100. This results in less deformation of the tube sheet 30 under pressure loading of the header tank 20 in these side regions 110, 120.
• the end faces 130, 140 of the flat tube 80 which are mechanically most stressed with such pressure-related deformations are relieved by the fact that the tube opening 60 and thus also the tube 80 extend into the side areas 110, 120 of the tube sheet 30.
• FIG. 1 c shows a cross section of the heat exchanger section from FIG. 1 a or FIG. 1 b, the cutting plane running transversely through the tube 80.
• Passage 70 on the end faces 130, 140 of the flat tube 80 has a reduced height. This results in the additional advantage that for printing induced deformations there is a reduced contact surface on the tube 80.
• the simultaneously accepted reduction in the contact surface for the tube-base connection is tolerable, since a much larger part of the passage 70 in the flat central region 100 of the tube base 30 maintains a sufficient height for the stability of the tube-base connection.
• Heat exchanger 210 shown, which differs from the previous embodiment essentially in that the passage 270 is formed out of the header box 220 pointing.
• the tube sheet 230 is provided with a box lid "240 at the joint interface 250 is welded.
• a substantially rectangular flat tube 280 is inserted into the tube hole 260 with the passage 270 and brazed to the tube sheet 230 or welded.
• the passage 270 points out of the collecting box 220, so that the pipe 280 inserted in the passage 270 does not pass over the tube sheet 230 in whose essentially flat central region 300 protrudes.
• Side areas 310, 320 of the tube sheet 230 are angled with respect to the central area 300 in order to reduce deformation of the header tank 220 under pressure, at least in the side areas 310, 320.
• the tube opening 260 and thus the tube 280 reach the side regions 310, 320, which is illustrated particularly well in FIG. 2c.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
• Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
• Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
• Supercharger (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2002
  • 2002-12-04 DE DE10256869A patent/DE10256869A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2003
  • 2003-10-31 CN CNB2003801051299A patent/CN100390492C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-10-31 WO PCT/EP2003/012138 patent/WO2004051175A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2003-10-31 US US10/520,703 patent/US7156164B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-10-31 AU AU2003293643A patent/AU2003293643A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-10-31 EP EP03788989A patent/EP1570223B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-10-31 DE DE50307492T patent/DE50307492D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-10-31 BR BR0307932-5A patent/BR0307932A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-10-31 AT AT03788989T patent/ATE364827T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-10-31 JP JP2004556098A patent/JP2006509177A/ja active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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