Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
  • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
  • A63B71/0605—Decision makers and devices using detection means facilitating arbitration
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
  • A63B69/20—Punching balls, e.g. for boxing; Other devices for striking used during training of combat sports, e.g. bags
  • A63B69/32—Punching balls, e.g. for boxing; Other devices for striking used during training of combat sports, e.g. bags with indicating devices
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B2209/00—Characteristics of used materials
  • A63B2209/08—Characteristics of used materials magnetic
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
  • A63B2220/50—Force related parameters
  • A63B2220/51—Force
  • A63B2220/53—Force of an impact, e.g. blow or punch
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
  • A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
  • A63B2220/801—Contact switches
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
  • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
  • A63B2244/00—Sports without balls
  • A63B2244/10—Combat sports

Definitions

• the present invention consists in providing an electronic system for counting points in sports competition, and in particular in combat sports.
• the taekwondo fight opposes two fighters on a square area of approximately 7 meters by 7 meters. At each corner of this area, there is a corner judge to which is added a central referee.
• Each fighter is wearing a different colored chest protector as well as a helmet of different colors or not.
• the present invention therefore relates to a device for detecting the nature of a blow and measuring its force.
• the invention further relates to a method for implementing this method as well as the application to arbitration of a sport, and more particularly of a combat sport.
• document GB-A-2 321 003 describes an apparatus for monitoring strokes administered in a contact sport such as boxing.
• the device comprises feeler means which are included in a glove to feel the force of a blow and which can be piezoelectric means which record the strokes and which transform their pressure into an electrical signal. This passes to a radio transmitter which transmits a signal to receiving means.
• the receiving means provide an input signal to a transducer such as a computer which can determine and record parameters of the blow such as its force.
• the feeler means can be located in a helmet rather than in a glove.
• the document EP-A2-0 222 640 describes a blow measurement device which comprises a transducer transforming the pressure into an electrical output signal.
• This transducer is placed in a protective accessory for a part of the human body. More particularly, the transducer is a piezoelectric transducer which transforms the pressure into an electrical analog output signal.
• the pressure sensitive material which comprises a first conductive material such as plastic impregnated with conductive particles and which has fingers which are included in slots and are supported by an insulating foam material. When a force is carried on the device, the fingers move and touch a conductive sheet opposite. An electrical circuit is then formed and can transmit an electrical signal. This signal is transmitted by a radio transmitter with a certain frequency.
• Document DE-A-27 41 090 relates to a device for indicating the state of a match and which comprises transmitters and receivers.
• the transmitters are located on gloves, masks, etc.
• EP-A1-1 033 152 and EP-A1-1 090 661 describe a measuring device for shots and in particular a measuring jacket for Taekwondo.
• This device comprises a hollow space filled with gas and capable of being compressed which has an opening through which the gas escapes to the outside during the compression of the hollow space following a blow. The gas flow can be measured.
• Document WO 90/09218 describes a garment for contact sports comprising a pressure-sensitive device which emits a signal when it is struck by a blow delivered with a force which is less than or equal to a threshold force.
• the pressure-sensitive device comprises two separate membranes having electrical conduction means, these membranes coming into contact when a force at least equal to a threshold force is borne on the device, thus forming an electrical circuit between the membranes and emitting a signal.
• Document FR-A-2 612 411 describes a device for signaling impacts by radio transmission during a karate fight. The blows are identified using push button switches which emit an electrical pulse.
• US Patent No. 5,334,831 describes a device for detecting and quantifying ferrous debris in a fluid. It is a traditional process based on magnetic sensors which have the disadvantage of being very sensitive to disturbances. An optical sensor is used which detects particles caught in a magnetic field. We use the effect Faraday. Using this device, the purity of the fluids used in industrial pneumatic and hydraulic systems is managed.
• US Patent No. 4,527,153 describes the detection of the passage of an article equipped with an element.
• This element is a spherical permanent element enclosed in a capsule of any shape, so as to leave a certain clearance (of the order of the diameter of the sphere) so that the sphere can move slightly.
• the detection zone (a few m 3 ) is traversed by an alternating magnetic field, so as to vibrate the sphere in its capsule. This movement generates an additional magnetic field that can be detected by a magnetic field sensor.
• Another method is to detect the sound produced by the vibration of the sphere in its capsule, using a microphone.
• Such a device has as an application an anti-theft device in stores;
• U.S. Patent No. 6,232,879 describes a device for detecting in an area the passage of an article equipped with an element.
• the article is equipped with a wire with a diameter of less than 100 ⁇ m.
• This wire is dimensioned so that, when subjected to an electromagnetic wave, it enters into resonance and emits an electromagnetic wave in return.
• This wave has the same frequency as the transmitted wave.
• the amplitude of the return wave is modified by a magnetic field of lower frequency.
• the receiver therefore receives an amplitude-modulated electromagnetic wave. It is an anti-theft device intended for stores.
• the system detects the presence of a metal sil with specific properties in a very important area (electromagnetic waves cover large areas). We use the electromagnetic resonance properties of the high frequency material, and the possibility of modulating the impedance of the material by a magnetic field.
• the invention relates to a sensor secured to a moving body associated with a possibly moving target, said sensor having the function of indicating whether the moving body is flush with the target or strikes it.
• the moving body comprises a material very permeable to the magnetic field and the target comprises means creating a magnetic field in its vicinity, the magnetic properties of the target being detected using a magnetic field detector.
• the material permeable to the magnetic field has an initial permeability of 60,000 and a maximum permeability of 240,000, said material being chosen from the group formed by ferromagnetic alloys with high magnetic permeability and low coercive force.
• the material permeable to the magnetic field is an alloy of the type
• Variations in the magnetic properties of the target induced by the material permeable to magnetic fields are detected by a magnetic field detector consisting of an inductor, an oscillating circuit, a rectifier and a comparator.
• the invention also relates to a sensor A secured to a target, the function of which is to indicate whether the target is struck and to give an electrical image of the amplitude of the hit. It consists of a matrix of a plurality of capacitors, this capacitor matrix being able to be partially deformed under impact to give a variable conductance.
• the capacitor matrix is formed of a first matrix M of a plurality of plates P1, P2, P3, ... Pn of a conductive metal connected to each other and of a second matrix M 'of a plurality of plates P'1, P'2, P'3, ... P'n of a conductive metal connected together, said plates P1, P2, P3, ... Pn facing said plates P'1, P'2 , P'3, ... P'n and being separated from them by a variable distance to form capacitors whose distance between the plates can vary under the action of an impact.
• a device for detecting the presence of an impact by a moving body on a target and for measuring its force comprises a sensor A consisting of a variable capacitor and a sensor B consisting of a variable inductance .
• the invention further relates to a method of detecting the nature of a hit on a target, and of measuring its force, such as detecting the presence of a moving body in the vicinity or on the target by creating a magnetic field on the target and by varying it using the moving body so as to obtain a variable inductance using the device according to the invention, and in that the force of the blow is measured using said device, on the one hand the information of the variation of the capacity being stored in a 16-bit register and on the other hand the information of the variation of the inductance being stored by a bit in a flip-flop at low level if the moving body is present and at a high level if the moving body is absent.
• the data concerning the information on the variation in capacitance and the information on the variation in the inductance are transmitted in the form of signals by radio wave to a receiver which is connected to a computer.
• the device according to the invention is applied to the arbitration of combat sports and more particularly of taekwondo.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the reinforcements integrated into a sheet of foam constituting the sensor A according to the invention
• Figure 2 is a perspective view of the foam sheets facing the sensor A of Figure 1;
• Figure 3 is a view of the capacitors formed in the sensor A of Figure 1;
• Figure 4 is a view of the connection mode of the capacitors of Figure 3;
• FIG. 5 represents the action of the deformation of the capacitors of sensor A
• FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the oscillator detecting variations in amplitude of sensor B
• FIG. 7 is a diagram of the chain for acquiring the variation in capacity
• FIG. 8 represents the interface of the load / voltage converter
• FIG. 9 is a diagram of the oscillator link with the output of the comparator
• Figure 10 is a diagram of a Gilbert cell used for the multiplier
• Figure 11 is a diagram showing data preparation
• Figure 12 is a diagram showing the transmission of data
• Figure 13 is a diagram showing data encryption
• Figure 14 is a diagram showing the reception of data
• FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the connection of the data receiver with a computer.
• Sensor A must report both if there has been a hit on the faceplate or not and to give an electrical image of the amplitude of this hit.
• sensor B must say whether the opponent's fist has approached the breastplate close enough. The correlation of the two will therefore make it possible to distinguish punches from kicks. That is to say that if we detect only a blow but no punch then it will be a kick and if we detect only a fist that approaches then there will be no hit.
• Sensor A must say that if we detect only a blow but no punch then it will be a kick and if we detect only a fist that approaches then there will be no hit.
• Each of the two matrices of armatures one being placed in a sheet and the other being placed in the opposite sheet, actually forms an armature of a large capacitor. Charges are added to each of the two matrices by supplying this system with an alternating voltage.
• S is the surface of the reinforcements ⁇ 0 is the permittivity of the vacuum ⁇ r is the permittivity of the foam between the two reinforcements e is the space between the two reinforcements
• the capacitance of the capacitor also varies. More precisely, when a blow is struck on the plastron, the space will decrease between a part of the matrix M and the part facing it of the matrix M 'and therefore the capacity will increase.
• the network of small armatures set up as shown above forms a mesh network of small capacitors and the total capacitor of the whole plastron consists of the sum of these small capacitors. And so the overall capacity was expressed as follows:
• a simple electronic measurement system is set up to have a precise image of the amplitude of the force applied to the faceplate.
• Sensor B II makes it possible to report if a blow is struck, more precisely a punch.
• the solution is provided by electromagnetism or more precisely by the fluxgate technique.
• the goal is to know if one of the two fists (or other part of the body) of the opponent has approached the breastplate.
• a thin bar of Mumétal® also called Permalloy® to gauntlets worn by the two fighters.
• the gauntlet can also be thin and not necessarily cover the whole hand, it is only a support for the M ⁇ métal® bar which can, for its part, not exceed 1 mm in thickness. This bar should be placed for example at the height of the first phalanges.
• the main characteristic of Mumétal® or Permalloy® is that it is very permeable to the magnetic field. It absorbs part of the energy and deflects the field lines.
• One or more networks of copper coils are therefore integrated into the plastron and they are supplied with an alternating current in order to create a substantial magnetic field. This magnetic field present in the vicinity of the faceplate will be disturbed by Mumétal® or Permalloy® approaching it.
• the Field lines being deflected a different current is induced in the coils.
• An electronic assembly guarantees the voltage supply of these coils.
• the change in current induced in the coils will have the exploitable effect of modifying their impedance.
• We can therefore use an oscillating circuit whose variable coil which now represents the faceplate, will be a part of the filter.
• a fixed capacitor is placed in parallel and the assembly is tuned so as not to disturb the environment.
• Ni, 14% Fe, 5% Cu and 4% Mo are as follows:
• the magnetic properties of the target are detected using a magnetic field detector.
• an oscillating circuit 1 of the Colpitt type is selected, the transfer function of which is known.
• the option chosen to make the magnetometer consists of a simple oscillator made using an inverter, a capacitor and a resistor.
• FIG. 6 illustrates the diagram of the magnetometer and it should be noted that the signal coming from the oscillator is previously rectified using a diode and a capacitor (rectifier 6) to facilitate comparison of DC voltages.
• the sensors A and B therefore consist respectively of a variable capacitor and a variable inductance. These two pieces of information are put in the form of a 16-bit digital signal for example. Note that only one bit is necessary to account for the fist present or not on the faceplate. at. Amplitude at once
• the acquisition of the variation in capacity which represents the amplitude of a blow carried on the faceplate, is the subject of a very standard acquisition chain. (See figure 7). It should be noted that, for the sake of integration and therefore saving space, specifications should be precise on the frequency of variation of the sensor and on the optimal number of bits. It is likely that the operating frequency will be low and that we will be able to do without such a large number of bits which will have the probable consequence of avoiding having to install a sampler-blocker for example, or to design a low noise amplifier that is too efficient and therefore more expensive than necessary. The same obviously applies to the anti-aliasing filter.
• microelectronics solution is self-evident. Consequently, it is recommended to choose a circuit with switched capacities for the filters and possibly a ⁇ converter for the Digital Analog Converter.
• Figure 8 shows the electronics associated with the sensor.
• OP2 is an output buffer which allows to load an external component.
• OP1 acts as a load / voltage converter.
• a double differential element made up of two capacitors is used.
• One serves as a reference and is covered with a fine oxide (C ref ) and the other is the sensitive element (C senS0 r), id is the capacity of the faceplate described above.
• the switched capacitance circuit from C se ⁇ sor to C re forms a non-inverting amplifier, while that of C ⁇ f to Cj is an inverting amplifier.
• the transfer function of this assembly is:
• V rett and M re m can be used to adjust the output offset caused by a discrepancy between C senS0 r and C re f.
• the response time of the circuit is given by the time constant:
• the goal is to have a bit stored in a flip-flop with a low level if the fist is present and a high level if not.
• the inductance represented by the faceplate varies with the presence of the Mumétal® bar and therefore the amplitude of the signal, as well as its frequency, will also vary. This is what we are trying to detect.
• the chain proposed below can be calibrated by varying V ref . That is to say, this system can react to a presence more or less close to the faceplate as a function of V re f which therefore represents a detection threshold.
• V ref the frequency coming from the oscillator and then filter the interesting part
• V A 0 sin ⁇ 0 t with A 0 its amplitude.
• the output which is the signal from the oscillator multiplied by itself, is the difference between the terminal voltages of the two resistors.
• the system can be refined by equipping the two combatants with systems reacting to different thresholds coupled with Mumétal® bars with different characteristics. Indeed, if the defender, for example, falls to the ground facing forward with one of his hands close to the breastplate, the solution as it stands is to detect a punch. However, in paragraph 12), we recovered an example of characteristics of Mumétal® in which one can read that it is possible to fix different permeabilities to this alloy. A more detailed study shows that it is easy to use this capacity to alleviate the problem raised here. It can quickly be said that the two electronic systems can work at different frequencies. It would even be possible to distinguish each of the four hands present on a tatami. c) Data preparation
• the information signal is stored in a 16-bit register allowing the power of the blow to the chest plate to be coded.
• a bit differentiates a punch from a kick.
• An additional bit makes it possible to define the time of transmission of the signal to the reception system. The consumption of a system transmitting on an antenna is high. It is therefore necessary - in order to maintain a certain autonomy - to minimize the time during which the signal is transmitted.
• This control bit is initially zero. It goes to one when a punch (respectively a kick) is detected at the level of the comparator (respectively at the level of the CAN) then is reset to zero once the signal transmitted. See figure 12.
• the encrypted binary sequence which contains the power of the blow and its origin (feet or fist) must then undergo a treatment adding redundancy. It is conventionally an error correcting code. Indeed, during a radio transmission, the signal can be distorted by the propagation channel that constitutes the air. It is therefore necessary to protect the information bits by coding having the main property of detecting transmission errors and correcting them under certain conditions.
• the 16 bits leaving the parallel register must be transmitted in series to the transmitter in order to carry out the various coding treatments.
• a first coding called source coding, makes it possible to add redundancy to the signal as specified above.
• Channel coding increases the frequency of the transmitted signal. This frequency is standardized for very short distance communications. We can in particular focus on the 433 MHz frequency which is used for infrared remote controls or the 2.4 GHz frequency which corresponds to the Bluetooth standard. More generally, several standards exist in the 2.4 GHz band. The other advantage of this coding is to reduce the spectral occupancy thanks to a shaping filter. The signal obtained is then transmitted via the antenna by radio wave. A particular study may be necessary for the sizing and choice of the antenna. b. Reception
• Reception is done in a classic way.
• An antenna collects the signal sent by the on-board system on the faceplate. This signal is then amplified and filtered in order to put it back into shape.
• a decoding system is provided after returning the signal to baseband. If the encryption option has been chosen, it must be decrypted accordingly.
• the information is then transmitted to a computer or display created for this system. See figure 14.
• the most flexible solution is to connect the receiver to a computer which then converts the received signal into a power given by a kick or punch through a computer program. See figure 15.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
• Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
• Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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ID=30011422

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

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Family Cites Families (18)

• 2002
  • 2002-07-24 FR FR0209358A patent/FR2842744B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2003
  • 2003-07-11 JP JP2004523843A patent/JP2005533588A/ja active Pending
  • 2003-07-11 AU AU2003264712A patent/AU2003264712A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-07-11 CN CNA038176858A patent/CN1671443A/zh active Pending
  • 2003-07-11 EP EP03771133A patent/EP1569728A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-07-11 WO PCT/FR2003/002186 patent/WO2004011106A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2003-07-11 US US10/522,224 patent/US20060161356A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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