Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
  • F24B13/00—Details solely applicable to stoves or ranges burning solid fuels 
  • F24B13/02—Arrangement or mountings of fire-grate assemblies; Arrangement or mountings of linings for fire-boxes, e.g. fire-backs 
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
  • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
  • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
  • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
  • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
  • F24B1/028—Closed stoves with means for regulating combustion
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
  • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
  • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
  • F24B5/021—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves combustion-air circulation
  • F24B5/025—Supply of secondary air for completing combustion of fuel

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a new concept of high-efficiency multi-fuel domestic heating appliance comprising a sealed (or almost sealed) heating body and the operating regime of which can be controlled at distance.
• sealed heating body means a heating body whose only communications with the outside consist of a cold primary air inlet and a burnt gas outlet.
• modulear domestic heating devices which may have the same shape, the same design or the same covering, whatever the fuel used or the nominal power required.
• These different devices are distinguished by a combustion chamber (or a heating body) of specific dimensions for a solid, liquid or gaseous fuel, or a given power.
• the rear wall of the combustion chamber can consist of an intermediate piece having a discharge orifice adapted to each predetermined situation (see US Pat. Nos. 6,209,535 and EP-B-0 883 782).
• This type of design has notably enabled productivity gains and a rationalization of the storage of intermediate parts among mass-produced manufacturers.
• the Applicant has also proposed a double-envelope heater for the circulation of air, having on its front face a plate obstructing the free space between the two envelopes and provided with calibrated perforations of air inlet and outlet. to simultaneously optimize the temperature and the speed of the outgoing air flow (patent application EP-A-1,111,307).
• heating devices such as stoves are made up of the hybrid assembly of a combustion chamber, possibly rationalized as mentioned above, which can for example be made of sheet steel, with structural parts and / or a decorative covering comprising, for example, cast iron, ceramic or even refractory stone elements such as soapstone (soapstone).
• the fixing of the parts is carried out by complex and unproductive techniques involving tie rods, grooves and puttying. This complexity is justified by the need to guarantee the best possible seal at the combustion chamber to obtain the minimum desired output.
• the combustion chamber can be considered as a closed prismatic form only open on its front face comprising a door, possibly causing flames to appear through a window, and / or on its face. upper to allow the provision of a cooking plate.
• this method of assembly has drawbacks related to puttying. Indeed, during the drying of the sealant, it can shrink or have micro-cracks, which causes the entry of air into the chamber, thus adversely affecting the performance of the device. The presence of putty makes it difficult to obtain the required seal according to the different standards in force in different countries (eg USA: EPA standards).
• the flanges are arranged at the rear and on both sides of the chamber.
• the front junction is made by a grid.
• Air intake slots practiced at the foot of the flanges allow the diversion of part of the primary air into secondary air.
• the external walls, which constitute the main supporting structure of the stove, and the flanges are provided with flanges allowing to apply the sheets one on the other in a peripheral zone to form a lining where they will be fixed by welding or screwing. The assembly of the different walls is therefore difficult and the tightness of the combustion chamber is not guaranteed.
• the secondary air supply can be controlled manually or automatically.
• Document WO-A-99 64789 describes a heating device for solid fuel comprising adjustment means, associated with sensors and controlled automatically, for example by a motor, at the level of three types of air intake: primary, secondary and tertiary.
• the appliance is provided with a programmable control unit for selective control of the adjustment means with a view to optimizing combustion under different operating conditions, in particular during the ignition phase, a "high” and “low” regime. ", a re-ignition phase and the extinction phase.
• Primary air is supplied to the fireplace at the base of the combustion chamber. Secondary air is supplied through a channel adjoining the chamber, where it heats up, on top of the fireplace, along the glass, to reduce the deposition of soot.
• the tertiary air is brought to the center of the chamber by another channel to ensure total combustion of the unburnt gases.
• the opening of these air inlets is regulated by a valve or a register controlled by an actuator such as a stepping motor, controlled by the programmable unit.
• the control unit can be connected to a clock or to a thermostat.
• the setpoint parameter on which the regulation is based is the temperature of combustion.
• the different operating conditions are displayed on a control console also presenting indicator lights and push-buttons allowing the user to select the speed.
• the reaction times to the air inlet controls in terms of combustion temperature reached are of the order of several minutes at least.
• the present invention aims to provide a solution which makes it possible to overcome the drawbacks of
• the invention aims to provide a heating device designed to allow the achievement of significant productivity gains during assembly in series.
• the invention aims to provide a heating device whose combustion chamber is almost perfectly sealed.
• the invention further aims to provide a home heating device ensuring the user the comfort of being able to adjust remotely, precisely and automatically, its operating regime.
• the invention finally aims to provide a home heating device with great adaptability for the performance of approval tests in different countries.
• combustion chamber made of sheet metal of a weldable metal, preferably steel, obtained by assembling a rear wall, two side walls, a bottom wall and an upper wall, said chamber having predetermined standard dimensions as a function of a nominal power required, - at least one outlet device for burnt gases connected to said chamber, an outer cover fixed to said chamber, comprising elements such as cast iron, ceramic, enamel or refractory stone plates, - a front access door, optionally provided with a window, connected to the combustion chamber, characterized in that: the combustion chamber constitutes the main supporting structure of the heating appliance and is made of folded sheet metal and welded so as to be completely sealed, possibly except at the joint with said door, said elements forming the outer cover are fixed to the combustion chamber, without the fasteners passing through the chamber and without said elements being necessarily fixed between them.
• the invention relates to any gas heater of the chimney or suction cup type, with liquid fuel, in particular with evaporation under pressure or gasification under atmospheric pressure, with wood, coal or other solid fuel.
• the outer cover is produced by the combustion chamber itself.
• the tightness of the combustion chamber of the apparatus according to the invention allows it to be given a particularly high efficiency, even being of the order of 80% for wood heating, which is an advantage. appreciable for the skilled person and / or for the user (reduced consumption).
• the cover elements are fixed to the combustion chamber by screws, rivets, by gluing or by puttying.
• the heating device further comprises a first register or valve to adjust the entry of cold outside air into the room, which can be opened at an intermediate position between a fully closed position and a completely open, operated by a remotely controlled motor, the remote control being a wireless remote control, preferably infrared or ultrasonic.
• a wireless remote control preferably infrared or ultrasonic.
• This ability to control the heating device according to the invention by remote control is not a simple application obvious to those skilled in the art of techniques known elsewhere. Its interest stems directly from the almost perfect seal of the chamber and its very high efficiency. In fact, it is only under these conditions that rapid, efficient and reproducible combustion control is possible.
• the reaction time on the remote control is indeed a few seconds.
• the aforementioned remote control is equipped with a thermostat and / or a digital programmer, and possibly with display means, preferably with liquid crystal or electroluminescent.
• the opening or closing of the first register is advantageously controlled by a timer, the opening or closing of the first register can also be carried out at a value preprogrammed by a presence detector in a volume, preferably an infrared sensor. .
• the heater comprises a duct for heating the outside air in contact with the chamber combustion, before penetration therein, said conduit being terminated by a narrowing and terminating in the upper part of the chamber near its front face.
• the heating device further comprises a duct provided with a second register or valve for bringing secondary air from the outside to the chamber, said register adjustable by the user.
• This additional air supply advantageously improves the elimination of solid particle residues in the flue gases at low operating speeds (idle).
• Another object of the present invention relates to a combustion chamber intended to be integrated into a multi-fuel heater, constituting the main support structure of the heater, only open on its front face and produced in folded and welded sheet metal.
• this combustion chamber has extensions making it possible to fix there external covering elements of the appliance such as plates, feet or cooking plates in cast iron, ceramic, enamel or refractory stone.
• Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the combustion chamber of the heater according to the present invention.
• Figure 2 schematically shows the air circuit of a heating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
• FIG. 3 schematically shows the air circuit of a heating device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• the present invention consists in proposing a combustion chamber 1 made of folded and welded steel sheets 2.
• a prismatic combustion chamber is thus produced, produced according to the "thermos" principle.
• the only opening provided on the part to be heated is that allowing the provision of a door 3, for example also made of steel or decorative cast iron, on the front face.
• the stove or the heating appliance can be constituted solely by said combustion chamber and have compact dimensions, depending only on the desired nominal power.
• the heating device described above can be extended by structural elements upwards 4 'or downwards 4 "for example.
• the downward extensions 4" can allow the fixing of feet. These elements can generally allow the attachment of decorative pieces 20, for example cast iron, enamel or ceramic plates.
• the fixing means are all the fixing means known to those skilled in the art, such as screws, glue, putty, rivets, etc.
• the decorative elements are additionally fixed or assembled together, which avoids the productivity losses linked to such generally complicated fasteners or assemblies.
• the attachments of decorative elements 20 to the steel combustion chamber are such that they respect the tightness of the chamber. In no case will there therefore be fasteners perforating the wall of the combustion chamber.
• the combustion chamber according to the invention will of course benefit from the advantageous characteristics described in American patent US-B-6, 209, 535, such as for example an interchangeable rear face depending on the fuel and / or the power.
• This rear face will advantageously include an air inlet orifice and a burnt gas discharge orifice.
• This latter orifice 30 can also be provided in the upper face of the chamber.
• the fuel used can be solid (wood, coal), liquid (diesel) or gaseous (natural gas, propane).
• a grid or a valve is provided at the bottom of the chamber to generate a small additional air inlet allowing to give a starting aid ("ignition booster") which is optional for wood and essential for coal.
• the combustion chamber also has a wall 5 for creating a heating duct 6 of the incoming air, as shown schematically in Figure 2.
• a heating duct 6 of the incoming air, as shown schematically in Figure 2.
• the outlet 7 of this duct which has a narrowing to generate a venturi effect and give the heated air an increasing speed (acceleration)
• it is injected into the chamber proper, at its upper part 10, along the door and more particularly of the window 9 included in this, if applicable.
• the air entering the room does not have to be "cold”: it is the variation between the temperature of this heated air and the temperature prevailing in the room which causes the suction movement of air in the room
• the temperature of the heated air when it enters the room is about 300 ° C.
• a first part of the heated air endowed with a certain speed, descends along the glass to the bottom of the chamber 11 and will supply the combustion by acting as primary air.
• a second part of the heated air makes it possible to ignite unburnt or partially burned volatile materials in the upper part 10 of the chamber while acting as secondary air.
• the fact of preheating the air before entering the combustion chamber makes it possible not to cool the chamber and therefore not to favor the creation of unburnt volatile materials.
• An important advantage of the invention lies in the sealing of the combustion chamber. It follows that one can perform an extremely precise control of the operating regime. For example, we can automatically control a damper or air inlet valve 15 located at the rear of the room. This is integral with a motorized device 16 controlled remotely, preferably by infrared or ultrasonic means 17. Thus, the user can adjust the combustion rate without moving from his chair, for example, depending on the thermal or visual comfort desired.
• the remote control 17 makes it possible to adopt, by push button, an intermediate speed between a maximum speed corresponding to the maximum opening of the air inlet register and a minimum speed, corresponding to the minimum opening of said register.
• the combustion reaction to the remote control is very rapid, even instantaneous, by virtue the excellent sealing of the chamber.
• the user can advantageously use the wireless remote control to view the instantaneous (or almost instantaneous) response of the variation in combustion which is requested, that is to say a change in the flame rate.
• the wireless remote control it would not be interesting or comfortable to use a localized control at the level of the heater, a certain distance being necessary for this visualization.
• this type of heater allows continuous heating (> 10 hours with wood).
• provision can also be made for switching on or off at fixed times, controlled by a programmer / timer, or even for lighting the stove by infrared or other detection of people in a volume. given.
• the air already in the heating duct loses its speed and forms a "buffer", the lack of air in the chamber also causes an accumulation of unburnt or partially burnt gases.
• the configuration of the heating duct, in particular its thickness, has been studied so as to prevent any explosion in the chamber during a brutal recharge of outside air. Indeed, in this case, the buffer plug is gradually eliminated and the flames only reappear gradually in the combustion chamber (5 to 10 seconds after opening the valve).
• the combustion chamber according to the invention can be equipped with an additional duct 6 '' secondary air supply ( Figure 3).
• This duct 6 ′ could ideally be provided with a device 18 for adjusting the air flow admitted into the combustion chamber, actuable from the outside by the user.
• Said device 18 could of course be in the completely closed position at medium and high combustion regimes.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
• Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
• General Induction Heating (AREA)
• Resistance Heating (AREA)
• Housings, Intake/Discharge, And Installation Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=32309542

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications Before (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (16)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2002
  • 2002-11-20 EP EP02447226A patent/EP1426691A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2003
  • 2003-11-14 AT AT03776683T patent/ATE360785T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-11-14 DE DE60313486T patent/DE60313486T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-11-14 AU AU2003286009A patent/AU2003286009A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-11-14 EP EP03776683A patent/EP1563228B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-11-14 WO PCT/BE2003/000199 patent/WO2004046615A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2003-11-14 CA CA2498289A patent/CA2498289C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-11-14 ES ES03776683T patent/ES2285212T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2005
  • 2005-05-19 US US11/133,575 patent/US20050279344A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events