EP1563182A1 - Injector with a directly-actuated compound nozzle needle for fuel injection in an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Injector with a directly-actuated compound nozzle needle for fuel injection in an internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- EP1563182A1 EP1563182A1 EP03767443A EP03767443A EP1563182A1 EP 1563182 A1 EP1563182 A1 EP 1563182A1 EP 03767443 A EP03767443 A EP 03767443A EP 03767443 A EP03767443 A EP 03767443A EP 1563182 A1 EP1563182 A1 EP 1563182A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle needle
- actuator
- nozzle
- needle
- register
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
- F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
- F02M63/0026—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
- F02M45/086—Having more than one injection-valve controlling discharge orifices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/46—Valves, e.g. injectors, with concentric valve bodies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
- F02M2200/701—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger mechanical
Definitions
- the invention relates to an injector for fuel injection into an internal combustion engine, which has a register nozzle needle which is arranged in an axial bore of a nozzle body and closes the existing spray holes of the nozzle body by means of a compression spring in the uncontrolled state, according to the preamble of the main claim ,
- the problem arises in particular in the case of powerful engines that the injectors, for example under certain operating conditions such as high loads. B. in the acceleration phase have to inject a lot more fuel (gasoline or diesel) into the combustion chambers of the engine than would be necessary at low or normal load. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the statutory limits for emission protection must also be observed in all operating conditions.
- a piezoelectric actuator is often used to control the injector since, by applying a pulsed control voltage, it performs a reversible change in length, which can be used to actuate the nozzle needle, in particular also in the case of multiple injection.
- a servo valve has so far been connected between the actuator and the valve unit, which can be designed with a corresponding transmission ratio and thus indirectly controls the nozzle needle.
- an injector with a register nozzle needle is also known, which is used to increase the spraying fuel quantity is formed in two stages.
- the register nozzle needle has a hollow needle into which a second nozzle needle is inserted.
- both nozzle needles close spray holes which are separated by spring pressure. If the fuel pressure in the nozzle area is increased, then the nozzle needle with the weakest spring pressure opens, ie first the second nozzle needle and, if the fuel pressure continues to increase, the hollow needle in order to achieve the desired injection quantity of the fuel.
- This type of control of the two nozzle needles is therefore also indirect and can be done via a servo valve.
- a fuel injector is also known from EP 0995 901 A1, in which a piezoelectric actuator is used to control the nozzle needle.
- a piezoelectric actuator is used to control the nozzle needle.
- the actuator is designed in such a way that the spray holes are only closed securely when a correspondingly high control voltage U is applied to the actuator.
- the actuator is stretched out and exerts a corresponding force on the nozzle needle via a compression spring, which leads to the closing of the spray holes.
- the nozzle needle is controlled directly by the actuator. It is disadvantageous, however, that if the control voltage is missing, the spray holes are not securely closed, so that fuel can escape in an undesirable manner and at unsuitable times.
- the main claim has the advantage that, on the one hand, a register nozzle needle with a high injection quantity can be used.
- the register nozzle needle is directly controlled by a mechanical coupling from an actuator, so that no servo valve is required. It is considered particularly advantageous that the actuator can be controlled very easily by an applied control voltage can, so that both needles can be operated very specifically. In this way it is possible to inject an optimal amount of fuel in every operating situation of the engine.
- a deflection device is arranged between the actuator and the nozzle needle in the case of an inwardly opening register nozzle needle. This ensures that the spray holes of the two stages are securely closed when the actuator is deactivated, so that the fuel can only escape when the actuator is activated. This advantageously prevents fuel dripping or running on of fuel.
- the deflection device can be implemented with a lever, at one end of which the actuator presses and the second end of which raises the nozzle needle.
- the nozzle body is used as an abutment for the lever, so that there is a relative movement between the nozzle body and the nozzle needle.
- a sleeve is advantageously arranged between the injector and the deflection device.
- the injector can press the lever over the sleeve.
- the second end of the lever then presses against a collar plate of the register nozzle needle from below, so that it can lift out of its seat. In this way, a very simple reversal for opening the two stages of the nozzle needles is achieved.
- a hydraulic converter can be used instead of the lever.
- both nozzle needles of the register nozzle needle are pressed against the spray holes with a compression spring, the spray holes are securely closed when the actuator is de-energized. Furthermore, the springs ensure that there is no mechanical play between the actuator and the register nozzle needle, so that the actuator movement can be transmitted directly to the nozzle needles.
- the invention is based on the object of designing an injector for fuel injection with a piezoelectric actuator which actuates a register nozzle needle directly. This problem is solved with the features of the main claim.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a first exemplary embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a nozzle body
- FIG. 3 shows a section of a nozzle body with a register nozzle needle
- FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment with a deflection device which has a hydraulic converter.
- an injector housing 1 which has a high-pressure connection 12 for the fuel supply in the upper part.
- a nozzle body 4 is screwed onto the injector housing 1 by means of a nozzle clamping nut 6.
- a register nozzle needle 5 is arranged in the inside of the nozzle body 4, as will be explained in more detail in FIG. 3.
- a hydraulic lash adjuster 2 is provided in the upper part of the injector housing 1 along the central axis, for example as an open hydraulic bearing
- the lower end of the hydraulic bearing 2 is closed by a base plate to which the upper part of a piezoelectric actuator 3 is attached.
- the actuator 3 is closed with a base plate 7, which acts on a deflection device 9 via a sleeve 8.
- a control voltage is applied to the actuator 3, this lengthens accordingly and then presses via the sleeve 8 onto the deflection device 9, which in this case is essentially formed from two levers.
- one lever is enough.
- two levers 9 have been provided here, which bear against corresponding two sides of a collar plate 10 of a register nozzle needle 5.
- the levers 9 are designed so that the
- the levers 9 are supported with their abutments on the nozzle body 4.
- the lever ratio can of course be used in the construction of the levers, for example to increase the stroke of the register nozzle needle 5.
- a compression spring 11 is arranged inside the sleeve 8, which ensures that, on the one hand, the stroke transmission of the actuator 3 is free of play.
- the spring force when the actuator 3 is not activated, i.e. when the actuator 3 is de-energized the register nozzle needles 5 are pressed against the corresponding spray holes 16, 19, so that these are closed in a fuel-tight manner.
- the hydraulic force of the fuel pressure also acts as a closing force. This ensures that the drive system always has play-free contact with the base plate 7, the levers 9 and the flange plate 10 of the register nozzle needle 5.
- An electrical connection for the actuator 3 is provided in the upper right part of FIG. 1 (without reference numerals).
- the fuel flows through the high-pressure connection 12 of the injector housing 1 and flows past the hydraulic lash adjuster 2 and the actuator 3 to the nozzle assembly 4, 5.
- a nozzle needle guide 13 is provided, which has four ground key surfaces.
- a cross section of the nozzle body 4 is shown in FIG. 2 for better understanding. The cross section was drawn at the section line A-A ( Figure 1). It first shows the annular nozzle clamping nut 6, which surrounds the nozzle body 4. in the
- the register nozzle needle 5 can be seen in the center as well as the four sharpened key surfaces, which the fuel can flow past.
- FIG 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention in which the nozzle body 4 of Figure 1 has been replaced.
- the register nozzle needle 5 consists of a hollow needle 15 and a central nozzle needle 17, which are coaxially assembled and each have a collar plate 14 and 18, respectively.
- the collar plate 18 of the central nozzle needle 17 protrudes with a predetermined distance s over the collar plate 14 of the hollow needle 15 and at least partially covers it.
- the length of the two nozzle needles is dimensioned such that, when the spray holes 16, 19 are closed, the collar plate 18 protrudes by the predetermined distance s.
- the central nozzle needle 17 can therefore only move when the hollow needle 15 has completed a stroke corresponding to the distance s.
- the central nozzle needle 17 is then entrained.
- two compression springs 20, 21 are provided which press on the corresponding collar plates 14, 18. They thus keep the spray holes 16, 19 closed when the actuator is de-energized.
- the deflection device 9 described for FIG. 1 can again be used as the valve drive, which then attaches again below the collar plate 14 and presses it upward when the actuator is expanded.
- the stroke of the two nozzle needles 15, 17 can now be controlled with the amplitude of a control voltage on the actuator.
- a control voltage With a smaller control voltage, only the hollow needle 15 initially moves until its stroke corresponds to the distance s.
- the central nozzle needle 17 is then entrained and all the spray holes 16, 19 of the two stages are opened.
- FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the invention for direct actuation of the register nozzle needle 5.
- the levers of the deflection device 9 have been replaced by a hydraulic converter.
- the base plate of the actuator 3 is now as
- Actuator piston 23 is formed which, when the actuator 3 is extended, presses on a pressure chamber 22 filled with fuel. In accordance with the pressure, the fuel now flows via a connecting line 24 into a lifting chamber 25 which surrounds the hollow needle 15 in an annular manner.
- the flange plate 14 of the hollow needle 15 is also formed in this case as a piston, which first entrains the hollow needle 15 and then the central nozzle needle 17, as was described above. The remaining parts of FIG. 4 have already been explained for FIG. 3.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2002154186 DE10254186A1 (en) | 2002-11-20 | 2002-11-20 | Injector with a directly driven register nozzle needle for fuel injection into an internal combustion engine |
DE10254186 | 2002-11-20 | ||
PCT/DE2003/003850 WO2004046540A1 (en) | 2002-11-20 | 2003-11-20 | Injector with a directly-actuated compound nozzle needle for fuel injection in an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1563182A1 true EP1563182A1 (en) | 2005-08-17 |
EP1563182B1 EP1563182B1 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
Family
ID=32318582
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03767443A Expired - Fee Related EP1563182B1 (en) | 2002-11-20 | 2003-11-20 | Injector with a directly-actuated compound nozzle needle for fuel injection in an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1563182B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10254186A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004046540A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10307003B3 (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-05-13 | Siemens Ag | IC engine fuel injection valve has actuator controlling displacement of valve needle spring biased into closure position for fuel injection bores |
DE10336327B4 (en) * | 2003-08-07 | 2016-03-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, in particular direct injection diesel engines |
DE102004011095A1 (en) * | 2004-03-06 | 2005-09-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve |
DE102004060550A1 (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2006-07-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | fuel Injector |
EP1693561B1 (en) | 2005-01-19 | 2008-03-05 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector |
ATE363594T1 (en) | 2005-01-19 | 2007-06-15 | Delphi Tech Inc | FUEL INJECTION VALVE |
DE102005024707A1 (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2006-12-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | fuel Injector |
DE102005054361A1 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-05-24 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | high-pressure fuel |
JP5155198B2 (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2013-02-27 | ボルボ ラストバグナー アーベー | Fuel injection device |
EP1843038B1 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2009-03-18 | Continental Automotive GmbH | Fuel injector with a conical high pressure housing sealing |
DE102006031567A1 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-10 | Siemens Ag | Injection system and method for manufacturing an injection system |
DE102007036571B3 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-04-02 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Injector and device with a vessel and a housing enclosing the vessel |
DE102012211233A1 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injection valve for fuel injection system of internal combustion engine, has actuator that affects mechanical translator over hydraulic temperature equalizing device when translating stroke of actuator into stroke of nozzle needle |
DE102012216688A1 (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2014-03-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
CN103195627A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-07-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Direct control type piezoelectric oil injector |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4022166A (en) * | 1975-04-03 | 1977-05-10 | Teledyne Industries, Inc. | Piezoelectric fuel injector valve |
DE2710138A1 (en) | 1977-03-09 | 1978-09-14 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | MULTI-HOLE INJECTION NOZZLE |
DE3533085A1 (en) * | 1985-09-17 | 1987-03-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | METERING VALVE FOR DOSING LIQUIDS OR GASES |
DE4228214A1 (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-04-01 | Siemens Ag | Drive lever for piezoelectric powered valve - has shaped lever attached to mounting strip by weakened bridge of low density material. |
JP3846917B2 (en) * | 1995-07-13 | 2006-11-15 | 株式会社デンソー | Fuel injection device |
DE19642441A1 (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-04-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method for actuating a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
DE19857615C1 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2000-07-13 | Siemens Ag | Lever translator |
DE19940054C2 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2003-11-27 | Siemens Ag | Dosing valve for a pressurized fluid |
DE19947196A1 (en) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection device for diesel engine has control valve for regulating fuel feed from high pressure space to injection valve |
DE19952057A1 (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injector |
US6279842B1 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2001-08-28 | Rodi Power Systems, Inc. | Magnetostrictively actuated fuel injector |
JP4079578B2 (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2008-04-23 | 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 | Fuel injection device |
US6595436B2 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2003-07-22 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Proportional needle control injector |
-
2002
- 2002-11-20 DE DE2002154186 patent/DE10254186A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-11-20 EP EP03767443A patent/EP1563182B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-20 WO PCT/DE2003/003850 patent/WO2004046540A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004046540A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1563182B1 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
WO2004046540A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
DE10254186A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
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