EP1554097B1 - Method for the production of perforated bricks comprising hole seals and bricks produced by that method - Google Patents

Method for the production of perforated bricks comprising hole seals and bricks produced by that method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1554097B1
EP1554097B1 EP03753505A EP03753505A EP1554097B1 EP 1554097 B1 EP1554097 B1 EP 1554097B1 EP 03753505 A EP03753505 A EP 03753505A EP 03753505 A EP03753505 A EP 03753505A EP 1554097 B1 EP1554097 B1 EP 1554097B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
perforations
filling material
bricks
brick
perforated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03753505A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1554097A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Kanig
Volker Bühning
Clemens Steenheuer
Clemens Kuhlemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Quick-Mix Gruppe & Co KG GmbH
Wienerberger GmbH
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Quick-Mix Gruppe & Co KG GmbH
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Publication of EP1554097A1 publication Critical patent/EP1554097A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/003—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles the shaping of preshaped articles, e.g. by bending
    • B28B11/006—Making hollow articles or partly closed articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
    • B28B7/46—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for humidifying or dehumidifying
    • B28B7/465—Applying setting liquid to dry mixtures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0228—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues next to each other on one end surface and grooves next to each other on opposite end surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and an artificial stone according to the preamble of claim 13.
  • the outer closure layer is prone to injury and breakage during transport and handling and that the bearing surface provided with such a cover layer provides an uneven picture compared to the other stone, which in particular imperfect and damaged hole closures, too if these functionally desired barriers are irrelevant, will not be accepted by the traffic due to this visual effect.
  • the object of the invention is accordingly to provide a stone and in particular also a manufacturing method for such a stone, which has a large robustness and an undisturbed appearance hole closures.
  • this object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and an artificial stone according to claim 13.
  • the method provides a the production process of perforated artificial stones, in particular of perforated bricks, easy to apply and feasible feasible way to produce inner and thus "hidden" hole closures that leave the stone its conventional appearance and also its position-independent handling and great robustness.
  • closure material mortar and with the addition of water for hydraulic bonding result in materials and techniques familiar and proven form.
  • perforated closures in a central region of the stone in varying height, which prevents the formation of heat and sound bridges at the same level at the same time.
  • the hole closures inside are readily thin-walled pretend, as they are mechanically unclaimed in the protected inner layer and since a certain proportion of defective hole closures accepted uncritically can be as long as only in the (vertical) sequence of perforated bricks with appropriate closures against training long "organ pipes" can be expected.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 Overall with 1 designated perforated brick outer externally known form has a cuboid outline with smooth vertical side walls 2 and 3 and in the sense of a toothing of adjacent abutment surfaces of adjacent stones profiled side surfaces 4 and 5, while in the usual bricked up and down bearing surfaces 6 and 7 throughout but are interrupted with a variety of different perforations 8, which in the conventional perforated brick, as cut as a blank from the strand and then cured by firing, from one of the bearing surfaces 6, 7 to the other vertically.
  • These holes 8 are shut off according to the invention by internal hole closures 9, as in the vertical section through the perforated brick 1 according to FIG. 6 you can see.
  • FIG. 3 A total of 10 designated device provided in the top strand of a circulating, closed-belt conveyor belt 11 perforated bricks 1 are continuously placed and move in the direction of an arrow 12 under bulk containers 13 and 14 and a water tank 18 therethrough.
  • the bulk tank 13 is equipped with a free-flowing bulk material, preferably sand. It is understood that other available materials flowable type into consideration, especially since this material is only slightly consumed and largely reused. In adaptation to the brick material and the place of manufacture, for example, sawdust or grinding dust of fired bricks can be used.
  • a rotary valve 19 below in the reservoir 13 regulates and doses the lovedstreuende on the respective continuous hollow brick tile filler amount, which is to fill the brick to a central area, but quite with changing height.
  • the scraper 20 is formed here in the form of a fixed brush. It is understood that others Strippers can be used including powered stripping brushes. The stripping process already results in different fill levels, since, given the different surface distributions between perforations 8 and adjacent webs, different amounts of filler material are pushed into the holes 8. This is quite advantageous and also desired.
  • the rotary valve can be alternately controlled depending on the feed of the respective stone, so that the filling level varies in the stone.
  • the bulk container 14 stores dry mortar, which is also sprinkled via a metering device 23 in the form of a rotary valve on the passing through stone and is inserted with the aid of a scraper 24 in the holes 8.
  • a metering device 23 in the form of a rotary valve on the passing through stone and is inserted with the aid of a scraper 24 in the holes 8.
  • the amount of dry mortar applied is usually narrow, so that only a dry mortar layer of 1-10 mm, preferably 1-3 mm is applied.
  • a vibrator device 25 is generally known and also largely arbitrary type associated, which provides for a compression of the filling material and also of the closure material.
  • the perforated bricks 1 pass through a moistening station the water tank 18, which is equipped at the bottom with controlled nozzles or dispensing pipes 17, which are aligned with the hole pattern of the stone 1 and accordingly targeted and controlled bring the necessary for the hydraulic setting of the mortar amount of water in the holes 8.
  • the mortar may be a quick-setting mortar with corresponding known components such as “flash cement” or “Portland cement” and also solidification accelerator.
  • flash cement or "Portland cement”
  • solidification accelerator also solidification accelerator.
  • such a device is preferably provided directly following a brick production, in which the temperature of the still warm warm perforated brick accelerates the solidification process.
  • the bricks 1 are then conveyed by suitable means through a screen or grid area 26, so that the filler sand, as far as it does not adhere to the formed in the stone with the hardened mortar closure layer, can be omitted down to be collected in a sump 27 from where it is to be returned to the bulk tank 13.
  • FIG. 6 shows in the enlarged view of the basic structure of the achieved through hole brick 1 with the inner hole closures 9, which generally need not be centrally located or should, but should only have a sufficient distance from the bearing surfaces 6 and 7, so that they are not visually apparent still mechanically enter the area of the bearing surfaces.
  • the hole closures 9 are mutually offset in height, so vary in their altitude, which In particular, prevents a false ceiling is created within the stone in which the mortar hole closures constitute a cold bridge and thus question the mathematical insulation values of the stone and also represent a structure-borne sound bridge with respect to the sound propagation.
  • the filling material such as sand or brick dust is not only readily available and inexpensive, but also uncritical in terms of mortar-adhering residues.
  • the mortar may even be enriched to receive a boundary layer of mineral material. It is understood, however, that quite material can be used which does not tend to contact with the closure material.
  • the stone with the inner hole closures 9 has the proven properties - and also the visual appearance - of the conventional and evaluate perforated bricks on.
  • the perforated brick is a particularly suitable example for the use of internal hole closures, but can Lochver Why find this kind of other art stones quite appropriate application.

Abstract

The artificial slab, especially a vertically perforated brick (1) has holes blocked by mortar closure pieces which are on the inside, placed apart from both surfaces (6,7) of the stone. The holes are partly filled with pourable filler material onto which a layer of closure material is placed, when the filler material is removed. After the bricks have been made, the closure pieces made of hardening material, are produced

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie einen Kunststein nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 13.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and an artificial stone according to the preamble of claim 13.

Bei der Fertigung von Kunststeinen sind durchgehende Lochungen zur Materialersparnis, zur Gewichtserleichterung und insbesondere auch zur besseren Wärmedämmung seit langem bekannt. Insbesondere bei Hochlochziegeln sind die Lochungen von der Formgebung im Strangpreßverfahren für die Gewinnung von Rohlingen fertigungsbedingt durchgängig. Allerdings gibt es von der Anwendungsseite solcher Kunststeine die Notwendigkeit, die Lochungen abzuschließen, damit nicht innerhalb einer Wand mit einander in Verbindung stehende durchgängige Röhrensysteme mit Nachteil für die Schall- und Wärmedämmung gebildet werden.In the manufacture of artificial stones continuous perforations for saving material, to facilitate weight and especially for better insulation have long been known. In particular, in perforated bricks perforations of the shaping in the extrusion process for the production of blanks due to production are continuous. However, there is a need from the application side of such artificial stones to complete the perforations, so that not within a wall with interconnected continuous tube systems are formed with detriment to the sound and heat insulation.

Aus der DE 198 04 322 A1 istFrom the DE 198 04 322 A1 is

ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hochlochziegels gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt, sowie ein Kunststein gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 13.a method for producing a perforated brick according to the preamble of claim 1, and an artificial stone according to the preamble of claim 13.

Aus der deutschen Offenlegungschrift DE 100 19 265 A1 ist ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Hochlochziegeln mit einem Lochabschluß an den Lagerflächen bekannt, bei dem der Hochlochziegel auf einer Lagerfläche aufstehend einen Lochverschluß an dieser Lagerfläche durch eingeschütteten Trockenmörtel mit nachfolgender Befeuchtung erhält.From the German Offenlegungschrift DE 100 19 265 A1 is a method and apparatus for producing perforated bricks with a hole completion on the bearing surfaces is known in which the perforated brick on a bearing surface rising a hole closure on this storage area receives by poured dry mortar with subsequent humidification.

Der Verschluß der Löcher längs einer Lagerfläche hat zwar insofern Vorteile, als eine Fläche für den Mörtelauftrag entsteht. Nachteilig ist dem gegenüber, daß ein solcher Stein lagerichtig gesetzt werden muß und dementsprechendThe closure of the holes along a bearing surface has advantages inasmuch as a surface for mortar application arises. A disadvantage is the opposite that such a stone must be placed in the correct position and accordingly

möglichst auch passend zu liefern und zu transportieren ist, daß die außenliegende Verschlußschicht verletzungsanfällig und bruchanfällig beim Transport und der Handhabung ist und daß die mit einer solchen Deckelschicht versehene Lagerfläche ein gegenüber dem sonstigen Stein uneinheitliches Bild liefert, welches insbesondere bei unvollkommenen und beschädigten Lochverschlüssen, auch wenn diese funktionell gewünschten Absperrungen unbeachtlich sind, vom Verkehr aufgrund dieses optischen Effektes nicht akzeptiert werden.as well as fitting to deliver and transport is that the outer closure layer is prone to injury and breakage during transport and handling and that the bearing surface provided with such a cover layer provides an uneven picture compared to the other stone, which in particular imperfect and damaged hole closures, too if these functionally desired barriers are irrelevant, will not be accepted by the traffic due to this visual effect.

Aufgabe der Erfindung wird es dementsprechend, einen Stein und insbesondere auch ein Herstellungsverfahren für einen solchen Stein zu schaffen, der bei großer Robustheit und einem ungestörten Aussehen Lochverschlüsse aufweist.The object of the invention is accordingly to provide a stone and in particular also a manufacturing method for such a stone, which has a large robustness and an undisturbed appearance hole closures.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren nach dem Anspruch 1 sowie einem Kunststein nach dem Anspruch 13 gelöst. Das Verfahren schafft eine dem Herstellungsprozeß von gelochten Kunststeinen, insbesondere von Hochlochziegeln, gut anzufügende und mit vertretbarem Aufwand zu realisierende Möglichkeit, innere und damit "verdeckte" Lochverschlüsse herzustellen, die dem Stein seine herkömmliche äußere Erscheinung und auch seine lageunabhängige Handhabung und große Robustheit belassen. Insbesondere mit dem Verschlußmaterial Mörtel und mit der Zugabe von Wasser zum hydraulischen Abbinden ergeben sich Materialien und Techniken vertrauter und erprobter Form. Mit besonderem Vorteil sind dabei Lochverschlüsse in einem mittleren Bereich des Steins in variierender Höhe zu erzielen, die die Ausbildung niveaugleich durchgehender Wärme- und Schallbrücken verhindert. Ohnehin sind die Lochverschlüsse im Inneren ohne weiteres dünnwandig vorzugeben, da sie in der geschützten Innenlage mechanisch unbeansprucht sind und da ein gewisser Anteil an mangelhaften Lochverschlüssen unkritisch hingenommen werden kann, solange nur in der (vertikalen) Aufeinanderfolge der Lochsteine mit entsprechenden Verschlüssen gegen eine Ausbildung langer "Orgelpfeifen" gerechnet werden kann.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and an artificial stone according to claim 13. The method provides a the production process of perforated artificial stones, in particular of perforated bricks, easy to apply and feasible feasible way to produce inner and thus "hidden" hole closures that leave the stone its conventional appearance and also its position-independent handling and great robustness. In particular, with the closure material mortar and with the addition of water for hydraulic bonding result in materials and techniques familiar and proven form. With particular advantage, it is possible to achieve perforated closures in a central region of the stone in varying height, which prevents the formation of heat and sound bridges at the same level at the same time. In any case, the hole closures inside are readily thin-walled pretend, as they are mechanically unclaimed in the protected inner layer and since a certain proportion of defective hole closures accepted uncritically can be as long as only in the (vertical) sequence of perforated bricks with appropriate closures against training long "organ pipes" can be expected.

Bei der Realisierung des Herstellungsverfahrens kann auf Erkenntnisse zurückgegriffen werden, die bereits der DE 100 19 265 A1 zu Grunde lagen, um Lochverschlüsse zu erzielen, die nur in inneren Querschnitten der Löcher abdecken, nicht aber die dazwischenliegenden Stege. Der Kunstgriff, die Lochverschlüsse mit zuvor eingebrachtem Füllmaterial mit Abstand zu Lagerflächen in den Stein hinein zu verlegen, ist verfahrenstechnisch mit der bereits bekannten Herstellung von Lochverschlüssen kompatibel.In the realization of the manufacturing process can be used on findings that already the DE 100 19 265 A1 to achieve hole closures that cover only in internal cross sections of the holes, but not the intermediate webs. The trick of laying the hole closures with previously introduced filler with distance to storage areas in the stone, is technically compatible with the already known production of perforated closures.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend näher beschrieben. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

  • Figur 1: Seitenansicht eines Hochlochziegels,
  • Figur 2: Aufsicht auf den Hochlochziegel nach Figur 1,
  • Figur 3: ein Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Lochverschlüssen in
    Hochlochziegeln,
  • Figur 4 und Figur 5: Streumasken zu einer Vorrichtung nach Figur 3 und
  • Figur 6: Hochlochziegel mit innen liegenden Lochverschlüssen.
An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. In the drawing show:
  • FIG. 1 Image: Side view of a perforated brick,
  • FIG. 2 : Top view of the perforated brick after FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 : a device for making hole closures in
    Hollow bricks,
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 : Scatter masks to a device after FIG. 3 and
  • FIG. 6 : Perforated bricks with inside hole closures.

Ein in Figur 1 und 2 insgesamt mit 1 bezeichneter Hochlochziegel äußerlich vorbekannter Form weist einen quaderförmigen Umriß mit glatten vertikalen Seitenwänden 2 und 3 und mit im Sinne einer Verzahnung von aneinander liegenden Stoßflächen benachbarter Steine profilierten Seitenflächen 4 und 5 auf, während in der üblichen vermauerten Lage oben und unten liegende Lagerflächen 6 und 7 im ganzen planeben aber mit einer Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Lochungen 8 unterbrochen sind, die beim herkömmlichen Hochlochziegel, wie er als Rohling vom Strang geschnitten und dann durch Brennen gehärtet ist, von einer der Lagerflächen 6, 7 zur anderen vertikal durchlaufen. Diese Löcher 8 sind gemäß der Erfindung durch innenliegende Lochverschlüsse 9 abzusperren, wie sie in dem Vertikalschnitt durch den Hochlochziegel 1 gemäß Figur 6 zu sehen sind.An in FIGS. 1 and 2 Overall with 1 designated perforated brick outer externally known form has a cuboid outline with smooth vertical side walls 2 and 3 and in the sense of a toothing of adjacent abutment surfaces of adjacent stones profiled side surfaces 4 and 5, while in the usual bricked up and down bearing surfaces 6 and 7 throughout but are interrupted with a variety of different perforations 8, which in the conventional perforated brick, as cut as a blank from the strand and then cured by firing, from one of the bearing surfaces 6, 7 to the other vertically. These holes 8 are shut off according to the invention by internal hole closures 9, as in the vertical section through the perforated brick 1 according to FIG. 6 you can see.

Hierzu ist eine in Figur 3 insgesamt mit 10 bezeichnete Vorrichtung vorgesehen, bei der auf dem oberen Trum eines umlaufenden, flächig geschlossenen Förderbands 11 Hochlochziegel 1 fortlaufend aufgesetzt werden und sich in Richtung eines Pfeiles 12 unter Schüttbehältern 13 und 14 sowie einem Wasserbehälter 18 hindurchbewegen. Der Schüttbehälter 13 ist mit einem rieselfähigen Schüttmaterial, vorzugsweise Sand, ausgestattet. Es versteht sich, daß auch andere verfügbare Materialien rieselfähiger Art in Betracht kommen, zumal dieses Material sich nur geringfügig verbraucht und großenteils wiederverwendet wird. In Anpassung an das Ziegelmaterial und den Herstellungsort kann hier etwa Säge- oder Schleifstaub von gebrannten Ziegeln eingesetzt werden.This is an in FIG. 3 A total of 10 designated device provided in the top strand of a circulating, closed-belt conveyor belt 11 perforated bricks 1 are continuously placed and move in the direction of an arrow 12 under bulk containers 13 and 14 and a water tank 18 therethrough. The bulk tank 13 is equipped with a free-flowing bulk material, preferably sand. It is understood that other available materials flowable type into consideration, especially since this material is only slightly consumed and largely reused. In adaptation to the brick material and the place of manufacture, for example, sawdust or grinding dust of fired bricks can be used.

Eine Zellenradschleuse 19 unten in dem Vorratsbehälter 13 reguliert und dosiert die auf den jeweils durchlaufenden Hochlochziegel aufzustreuende Füllmaterialmenge, die den Ziegelstein bis zu einem mittleren Bereich, aber durchaus mit wechselnder Höhe befüllen soll. Auf die in der oberen Lagerfläche 7 des Hochlochziegels zwischen den Lochungen 8 verbleibenden Stege auffallende Materialmenge wird durch einen dem Schüttbehälter 13 nachlaufenden Abstreifer 20 zumindest größtenteils in die Löcher 8 hineingekehrt. Der Abstreifer 20 ist hier in Form einer feststehenden Bürste ausgebildet. Es versteht sich, daß andere Abstreifvorrichtungen einschließlich motorisch betriebener Abstreifbürsten Verwendung finden können. Der Abstreifvorgang hat schon unterschiedliche Füllhöhen zur Folge, da angesichts der unterschiedlichen Flächenverteilungen zwischen Lochungen 8 und benachbarten Stege unterschiedliche Füllmaterialmengen in die Löcher 8 hineingefegt werden. Dies ist durchaus vorteilhaft und auch angestrebt. Darüber hinaus kann die Zellenradschleuse in Abhängigkeit vom Vorschub des jeweiligen Steins wechselnd gesteuert werden, so daß die Füllhöhe im Stein variiert.A rotary valve 19 below in the reservoir 13 regulates and doses the aufzustreuende on the respective continuous hollow brick tile filler amount, which is to fill the brick to a central area, but quite with changing height. On the remaining in the upper bearing surface 7 of the perforated brick between the perforations 8 webs striking amount of material is at least largely hineingekehrs by a the hopper 13 trailing stripper 20 in the holes 8. The scraper 20 is formed here in the form of a fixed brush. It is understood that others Strippers can be used including powered stripping brushes. The stripping process already results in different fill levels, since, given the different surface distributions between perforations 8 and adjacent webs, different amounts of filler material are pushed into the holes 8. This is quite advantageous and also desired. In addition, the rotary valve can be alternately controlled depending on the feed of the respective stone, so that the filling level varies in the stone.

Darüber hinaus kann der Schüttbehälter 13 unterseitig mit einer Streumaske 21 gemäß Figur 4 oder einer Streumaske 22 gemäß 5 ausgestattet sein, die sich in der Ausmündung des Schüttbehälters 13 quer zur Bewegungsrichtung gemäß dem Pfeil 12 erstreckt und die Streumenge quer zur Vorbewegungsrichtung variiert.In addition, the bulk container 13 on the underside with a scattering mask 21 according to FIG. 4 5 or a spreading mask 22 according to FIG. 5, which extends in the mouth of the bulk container 13 transversely to the direction of movement according to the arrow 12 and the spreading amount varies transversely to the Vorbewegungsrichtung.

Der Schüttbehälter 14 bevorratet Trockenmörtel, der gleichfalls über eine Dosiereinrichtung 23 in Form einer Zellenradschleuse auf den darunter durchlaufenden Stein aufgestreut und mit Hilfe eines Abstreifers 24 in die Löcher 8 eingefegt wird. Die dabei aufgebrachte Menge an Trockenmörtel ist allerdings normalerweise eng bemessen, so daß nur eine Trockenmörtelschicht von 1 - 10 mm, vorzugsweise 1 - 3 mm aufgebracht wird.The bulk container 14 stores dry mortar, which is also sprinkled via a metering device 23 in the form of a rotary valve on the passing through stone and is inserted with the aid of a scraper 24 in the holes 8. However, the amount of dry mortar applied is usually narrow, so that only a dry mortar layer of 1-10 mm, preferably 1-3 mm is applied.

Den Schüttbehältern ist unterhalb des Förderbandes 11 eine Rüttelvorrichtung 25 grundsätzlich bekannter und auch weitgehend beliebiger Art zugeordnet, die für eine Verdichtung des Füllmaterials und auch des Verschlußmaterials sorgt.The bulk containers below the conveyor belt 11 a vibrator device 25 is generally known and also largely arbitrary type associated, which provides for a compression of the filling material and also of the closure material.

Nachfolgend durchlaufen die Hochlochziegel 1 eine Befeuchtungsstation mit dem Wasserbehälter 18, der unterseitig mit gesteuerten Düsen bzw. Abgaberohren 17 ausgestattet ist, die auf das Lochmuster des Steins 1 ausgerichtet sind und dementsprechend gezielt und kontrolliert die für das hydraulische Abbinden des Mörtels notwendige Wassermenge in die Löcher 8 einbringen.Subsequently, the perforated bricks 1 pass through a moistening station the water tank 18, which is equipped at the bottom with controlled nozzles or dispensing pipes 17, which are aligned with the hole pattern of the stone 1 and accordingly targeted and controlled bring the necessary for the hydraulic setting of the mortar amount of water in the holes 8.

Der Mörtel kann ein schnellabbindender Mörtel mit entsprechenden bekannten Bestandteilen wie "Blitzzement" oder "Portlandzement" und auch Erstarrungsbeschleuniger sein. Hinzu kommt, daß eine solche Vorrichtung vorzugsweise direkt im Anschluß an eine Ziegelfertigung vorgesehen ist, bei der die Temperatur der vom Brennen noch warmen Hochlochziegel den Erstarrungsprozeß beschleunigt.The mortar may be a quick-setting mortar with corresponding known components such as "flash cement" or "Portland cement" and also solidification accelerator. In addition, such a device is preferably provided directly following a brick production, in which the temperature of the still warm warm perforated brick accelerates the solidification process.

Die Ziegelsteine 1 werden danach mit geeigneten Mitteln über einen Sieb- oder Gitterbereich 26 gefördert, so daß das Füllmaterial Sand, soweit es nicht der im Stein mit dem ausgehärteten Mörtel gebildeten Verschlußschicht anhaftet, nach unten wegfallen kann, um in einem Sammelbehälter 27 aufgefangen zu werden, von wo es wieder dem Schüttbehälter 13 zuzuführen ist.The bricks 1 are then conveyed by suitable means through a screen or grid area 26, so that the filler sand, as far as it does not adhere to the formed in the stone with the hardened mortar closure layer, can be omitted down to be collected in a sump 27 from where it is to be returned to the bulk tank 13.

Die Figur 6 zeigt in der vergrößerten Darstellung den prinzipiellen Aufbau des dadurch erzielten Hochlochziegels 1 mit den innenliegenden Lochverschlüssen 9, die generell nicht mittig angeordnet sein müssen oder sollen, sondern nur einen ausreichenden Abstand von den Lagerflächen 6 und 7 aufweisen sollen, so daß sie weder optisch in Erscheinung treten noch mechanisch in den Bereich der Lagerflächen gelangen.The FIG. 6 shows in the enlarged view of the basic structure of the achieved through hole brick 1 with the inner hole closures 9, which generally need not be centrally located or should, but should only have a sufficient distance from the bearing surfaces 6 and 7, so that they are not visually apparent still mechanically enter the area of the bearing surfaces.

Wie aus Zeichnung 6 besonders deutlich hervorgeht, sind die Lochverschlüsse 9 gegeneinander höhenversetzt, variieren also in ihrer Höhenlage, wodurch insbesondere verhindert wird, daß eine Zwischendecke innerhalb des Stein entsteht, in der die Lochverschlüsse aus Mörtel eine Kältebrücke darstellen und damit die rechnerischen Isolierwerte des Steins in Frage stellen und auch in Bezug auf die Schallfortpflanzung eine Körperschall-Brücke darstellen.As is particularly clear from drawing 6, the hole closures 9 are mutually offset in height, so vary in their altitude, which In particular, prevents a false ceiling is created within the stone in which the mortar hole closures constitute a cold bridge and thus question the mathematical insulation values of the stone and also represent a structure-borne sound bridge with respect to the sound propagation.

Es versteht sich, daß die Verarbeitung eines rieselfähigen und aushärtbaren Verschlußmaterials für das Fertigungsverfahren vorteilhaft ist. Dabei kommt dem Verschlußmaterial Mörtel seine langzeitige Bewährung im Baubereich zu Gute. Es versteht sich allerdings, daß hier auch sonstiges aushärtbares Material, etwa Zwei-Komponenten-Material oder trocknendes, insbesondere schnelltrocknendes Material, Verwendung finden kann.It is understood that the processing of a flowable and curable closure material for the manufacturing process is advantageous. Here comes the closure material mortar his long-term probation in the construction sector to good. It is understood, however, that here also other curable material, such as two-component material or drying, especially fast-drying material, can be used.

Das Füllmaterial wie Sand oder Ziegelmehl ist nicht nur gut verfügbar und preiswert, sondern auch unkritisch in Bezug auf mörtelanhaftende Reste. In dieser Hinsicht kann der Mörtel sogar zur Aufnahme einer Grenzschicht mineralischen Materials angereichert werden. Es versteht sich allerdings, daß durchaus Material Verwendung finden kann, welches nicht zu einer Kontaktverbindung mit dem Verschlußmaterial neigt.The filling material such as sand or brick dust is not only readily available and inexpensive, but also uncritical in terms of mortar-adhering residues. In this regard, the mortar may even be enriched to receive a boundary layer of mineral material. It is understood, however, that quite material can be used which does not tend to contact with the closure material.

Der Stein mit den innenliegenden Lochverschlüssen 9 weist die erprobten Eigenschaften - und auch das optische Erscheinungsbild - des herkömmlichen und bewerten Hochlochziegels auf. Der Hochlochziegel ist dabei ein besonders geeignetes Beispiel für die Anwendung von innenliegenden Lochverschlüssen, doch können Lochverschlüsse dieser Art auch bei anderen Kunststeinen ganz entsprechende Anwendung finden.The stone with the inner hole closures 9 has the proven properties - and also the visual appearance - of the conventional and evaluate perforated bricks on. The perforated brick is a particularly suitable example for the use of internal hole closures, but can Lochverschlüsse find this kind of other art stones quite appropriate application.

Claims (16)

  1. Method for the production of perforated bricks (1) comprising perforation seals (9), in which bricks having continuous perforations, and in particular vertically perforated bricks, are first produced and in a subsequent operation are provided with perforation seals (9) of a curing sealing material, characterised in that the perforations (8) in the bricks (1) are at least partly filled with a free-flowing filling material when predominantly vertically aligned, in that a layer of curing sealing material is applied on top of the filling material, and in that the filling material is then removed from the perforations.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the sealing material comprises predominantly mortar.
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the sealing material is fed in in a dry form as dry mortar and is then caused to cure by the addition of water.
  4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the perforated brick is produced by a firing or hardening process and is provided with perforation seals when in a hot state.
  5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the filling material which is removed from the perforations is re-used.
  6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the sealing material connects to adjacent filling material.
  7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the filling material is sand or a similar mineral material.
  8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the filling material is fed into the perforations to a varying filled height.
  9. Method according to claim 8, characterised in that the filling material is distributed onto the brick over an area and, where it has deposited next to and between the perforations, is then wiped down.
  10. Method according to claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the filling material is distributed onto the brick in a continuous movement.
  11. Method according to claim 10, characterised in that the filling material is metered by means of a distribution mask.
  12. Method according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the filling material is applied in a varying density of distribution.
  13. Man-made building block, and in particular a vertically perforated brick (1), having perforations (8) blocked by perforation seals (9), characterised in that the perforation seals (9) are arranged in the interior at a distance from the two faces (6, 7) of the brick onto which the perforations (8) open.
  14. Man-made building block according to claim 13, characterised in that the distances between the perforation seals (9) and the faces (6, 7) of the block vary between the perforations in one block.
  15. Man-made building block according to claim 13 or 14, characterised in that the perforation seals (9) comprise mortar.
  16. Man-made building block according to claim 13, 14 or 15, characterised in that it is produced by the method according to one of claims 1 to 12.
EP03753505A 2002-10-22 2003-10-04 Method for the production of perforated bricks comprising hole seals and bricks produced by that method Expired - Lifetime EP1554097B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10249306 2002-10-22
DE10249306A DE10249306B3 (en) 2002-10-22 2002-10-22 Vertically perforated brick has holes blocked by closure pieces made from pouring filler material into holes and removing them when mortar inserted
PCT/EP2003/010999 WO2004037503A1 (en) 2002-10-22 2003-10-04 Method for the production of perforated bricks comprising hole seals

Publications (2)

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EP1554097A1 EP1554097A1 (en) 2005-07-20
EP1554097B1 true EP1554097B1 (en) 2011-08-10

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EP03753505A Expired - Lifetime EP1554097B1 (en) 2002-10-22 2003-10-04 Method for the production of perforated bricks comprising hole seals and bricks produced by that method

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EP (1) EP1554097B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE519899T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003271684A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10249306B3 (en)
DK (1) DK1554097T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2004037503A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017205335A1 (en) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-04 Hans Lingl Anlagenbau Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Sanding device and method for moldings

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19804322C2 (en) * 1998-02-04 2003-04-03 Quick Mix Gruppe Gmbh & Co Kg Perforated brick
DE19913691A1 (en) * 1999-03-25 2000-09-28 Poroton Gmbh Deutsche Perforated masonry brick is faced in cover layers in metal or plastics fiber reinforced mortar or mortar based on early-setting cement.
DE10019265B4 (en) * 2000-04-19 2006-07-27 Quick-Mix Gruppe Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and device for closing perforated bricks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1554097A1 (en) 2005-07-20
DK1554097T3 (en) 2011-12-05
AU2003271684A1 (en) 2004-05-13
WO2004037503A1 (en) 2004-05-06
DE10249306B3 (en) 2004-03-04
ATE519899T1 (en) 2011-08-15

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