EP1549581B1 - Elevator group control method - Google Patents

Elevator group control method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1549581B1
EP1549581B1 EP03798940A EP03798940A EP1549581B1 EP 1549581 B1 EP1549581 B1 EP 1549581B1 EP 03798940 A EP03798940 A EP 03798940A EP 03798940 A EP03798940 A EP 03798940A EP 1549581 B1 EP1549581 B1 EP 1549581B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optimized
traffic
aforesaid
elevator group
passengers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03798940A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1549581A1 (en
Inventor
Marja-Liisa Siikonen
Jari Ylinen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kone Corp
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Kone Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Kone Corp filed Critical Kone Corp
Publication of EP1549581A1 publication Critical patent/EP1549581A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1549581B1 publication Critical patent/EP1549581B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/02—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action
    • B66B1/06—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric
    • B66B1/14—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric with devices, e.g. push-buttons, for indirect control of movements
    • B66B1/18—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric with devices, e.g. push-buttons, for indirect control of movements with means for storing pulses controlling the movements of several cars or cages
    • B66B1/20—Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action electric with devices, e.g. push-buttons, for indirect control of movements with means for storing pulses controlling the movements of several cars or cages and for varying the manner of operation to suit particular traffic conditions, e.g. "one-way rush-hour traffic"

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1 for controlling the elevators in an elevator group.
  • the invention relates to an elevator group control method in which destination floor call input is used.
  • FI application document 972937 (B66B 1/20), which discloses an elevator group control system in which the control of the elevators is optimized on the basis of the traffic situation, i.e. the currently prevailing type and intensity of traffic.
  • the prevailing traffic situation is identified and the elevator group is controlled on the basis of a predetermined so-called expert rule corresponding to the aforesaid traffic situation.
  • a problem with solutions according to the present state of the art using normal control and zoning for controlling the elevators in an elevator group is that, in quiet traffic conditions, congestion occurs in the elevator lobby when optimization is exclusively applied to the transportation capacity or the traveling times. To provide room for the passengers in the elevator lobby, it would be necessary to build a larger elevator lobby, which again would be too expensive in large buildings.
  • the US 5,305,198 discloses an allocation method where the operating costs of allocation solution is established wherein the cost function includes different cost factors e.g. riding time and waiting time of the passengers. These individual cost factors can be weighted to adapt the function profile of the elevator to a demanded function profile.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks encountered in the above-mentioned prior art.
  • a specific object of the invention is to reduce wait ing times in an elevator lobby under quiet traffic intensity conditions of an elevator group. Congestion of the elevator lobby is thus avoided and the need to build a larger elevator lobby for the waiting passengers is obviated.
  • the present invention aims at reducing the lengths of waiting queues in the elevator lobby.
  • the queues during quiet traffic will be of the same order as when a conventional, normal and continuous allocation method is used, while in an intensive up-peak traffic situation the transportation capacity of the elevator group will exceed the capacity of an elevator group control system using a conventional, normal and continuous allocation method by about 70 - 100 %.
  • the method of the invention for the control of the elevators in an elevator group is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 1.
  • the features of some preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the subclaims.
  • the method of the invention provides significant advantages.
  • the most important advantage achieved by the present invention is that the Method significantly improves passenger service and reduces passenger waiting times in the entrance lobby.
  • the method of the invention reduces passenger waiting times in the entrance lobby of the elevator group when the traffic intensity for the elevator group is low. Therefore, the queues of passengers waiting for elevators in the elevator lobby are significantly shortened during quiet traffic conditions.
  • zoning is applied to destination floor calls issued from the lobby, and when the zone limits are taken from traffic forecasts, dynamic zoning is employed in the elevator group control during busy traffic. It is further possible that:dynamic zoning with zone limits taken from traffic forecasts is used in the optimization in the elevator group control during busy traffic when equal numbers of people leave the elevator in each zone Further according to an embodiment of the invention one or more of the elevators in the aforesaid elevator group are used to serve two or more zones depending on the transportation need.
  • the present invention af fords the advantage of increasing the passenger transportation capacity of the elevator group.
  • the present invention concerns a method for control ling the elevators in an elevator group when destination floor call input is used and the traffic within the elevator group is to be optimized.
  • a cost function is optimized by changing the number of cost criteria from one to several and back and weight ing the criteria in different ways in the aforesaid cost function.
  • one or more of the following cost criteria of the cost function to be optimized are optimized: waiting time of passengers, traveling time of passengers, energy consumption, car load factor, transportation capacity and time of arrival of the elevator at floors where passengers are waiting.
  • This optimization method utilizing several optimization criteria to be optimized in the cost function is more generally called multiobjective optimization, which allows considerably better results to be achieved than when only one optimization objective is used in the cost function.
  • the cost criteria of the aforesaid cost function to be optimized are weighted by different coefficients depending on traffic intensity.
  • the criteria for the aforesaid quantity to be optimized are changed in the cost function in a manner such that, in low traffic intensity conditions, the waiting time is optimized, while in a more intensive traffic situation the traveling time is optimized, the latter being equal to the passenger waiting time plus the time the passenger stays onboard the elevator.
  • the cost criteria of the aforesaid quantity to be optimized are changed in the aforesaid cost function in a manner such that, when the traffic grows more intensive, the weighted cost function is optimized so that the weighting of the waiting time decreases while the weighting of the traveling time increases in the aforesaid cost function.
  • the one of the elevators in the elevator group allocated for each passenger is indicated by the group control system of the elevator group.
  • the diagram in Fig. 1 visualizes the method of the invention, wherein the input of calls to the elevators in the elevator group is implemented using destination floor call input and the traffic within the elevator group is optimized using as a control method either multiobjective optimization or dynamic zoning, depending on the intensity and type of the traffic.
  • the elevator group is controlled by a computer configured for this purpose.
  • Information for use by the group control system of the elevator group is obtained from traffic forecasts regarding the current traffic type and intensity.
  • information is collected e.g. from car load weighing devices and/or light cells and/or destination floor call buttons, which can be utilized expressly in connection with destination control. From destination call buttons, preferably information representing traffic arrival times and passengers' floors of arrival and departure is obtained.
  • the elevator group control system has information available regarding the passengers' floors of destination and departure.
  • the car load weighing device and light cells can be used to measure other values descriptive of the traffic, such as movements of people.
  • the elevator group control system has information available regarding passengers entering the elevator and passengers leaving the elevator as well as the load of the elevators and the traveling directions of the passengers on the elevators.
  • the energy consumed by the elevators can be measured.
  • the aforesaid traffic type of the elevator group has four categories: low traffic, normal traffic, busy traffic and intensive traffic.
  • the currently prevailing traffic type and traffic intensity are determined for the elevator group control system.
  • the cost factors to be used in the cost function in each case as well as suitable weightings for them can be selected using the aforesaid traffic type and intensity data.
  • the cost function is optimized according to traffic intensity by changing the number of cost functions from one to several and back and weighting them in different ways in the aforesaid cost function.
  • the cost factors of the cost function to be optimized include one or more of the following: waiting time of passengers, traveling time of passengers, energy consumption, car load factor, transportation capacity, elevator arrival time at floors where passengers are waiting.
  • the traffic type is determined.
  • dynamic zoning is adopted as an optimization method in the optimization process.
  • the aforesaid multiobjective optimization method is used.
  • the elevator group control system After identifying the traffic type and making a decision regarding the control, the elevator group control system carries out elevator group control actions to control the elevators in a manner as optimal as possible.
  • zone limits are obtained from traffic forecasts. Zoning is implemented for destination floor calls issued from the elevator lobby. Likewise, zoning can be activated when equal numbers of passengers leave the elevator in each zone.
  • dynamic zoning is used for optimizing the passenger flow of the elevator group in the group control of the elevator group in a busy traffic situation so that passengers entering from the entrance floor are assigned to zones comprising adaptive zone limits when equal numbers of passengers leave the elevator in each zone.
  • dynamic zoning is used for optimizing the passenger flow of the elevator group in the group control of the elevator group in a busy traffic situation so that passengers entering from congested floors are assigned to zones comprising adaptive zone limits when equal numbers of passengers leave the elevator in each zone.
  • Fig. 2A visualizes an embodiment of the invention when dynamic zoning is used for optimizing the passenger flow handled by an elevator group in a building.
  • dynamic zoning is used in the elevator group control for optimizing the passenger flow in the elevator group in a busy traffic situation when the traffic intensity of the passenger flow exceeds a given preset limit value.
  • dynamic zoning is used in the elevator group control in the building for optimizing the passenger flow in the elevator group in a busy traffic situation so that passengers entering from the entrance floor are assigned to zones comprising adaptive zone limits vr when equal numbers of passengers leave the elevator in each zone.
  • 40 passengers enter the elevator group from the entrance floor and their destination floors are distributed equally between two different zones (zone 1 & zone 2).
  • zone 1 & zone 2 equal numbers of passengers leave the elevator in each zone (zone 1 & zone 2), although the aforesaid zones (zone 1 & zone 2) comprise different numbers of floors, while the number of passengers leaving the elevator at these floors varies according to the traffic situation determined by the destination floor calls.
  • zone limits vr of the aforesaid zones are distributed adaptively so that the zone limits vr vary in the building, allowing floor-specific optimization of the passenger traffic in the elevator group of the building. This enables the elevators of the elevator group to serve the most congested entrance floors in an optimal way in busy traffic conditions.
  • zone limits vr are obtained from the traffic forecasts.
  • dynamic zoning is used in the elevator group control for optimizing the passenger flow in the elevator group in a busy traffic situation so that the passengers entering from said certain congested floors are assigned to zones comprising adaptive zone limits vr when equal numbers of passengers leave the elevator in each zone.
  • This figure visualizes a traffic situation where, in a zoned building, there are three entrance floors with heaviest traffic, with ten (10) passengers on two of said floors and (20) passengers on one of them waiting to enter the elevator group.
  • the passengers of the elevator group are distributed equally between two zones (zone 1 & zone 2) formed from the passengers' destination floors so that equal numbers (20) of passengers leave the elevator in each zone (zone 1 & zone 2).
  • one or more of the elevators in the elevator group are used to serve two or more zones, depending on the transportation need.
  • Fig. 3 shows the average waiting times in up-peak traffic conditions in the elevator group as a function of traffic intensity when the group control method used to control the elevator group is dynamic zoning or multiobjective optimization or traditional control based on up/down call buttons.
  • the results presented in the figure have been obtained by utilizing an elevator traffic simulator in a building.
  • Fig. 3 it can also be seen that, when the traffic intensity in the elevator group is below the above-mentioned certain traffic intensity value, the waiting times of the passengers of the elevator group differ from each other when dynamic zoning or multiobjective optimization is used as the group control method of the elevator group.
  • Multiobjective optimization here yields considerably shorter passenger waiting times as compared with mere dynamic zoning.
  • the waiting times are equally short. In traditional control, the waiting times start increasing steeply when the transportation capacity limit of the control system is exceeded.
  • multiobjective optimization in low traffic conditions short waiting times are obtained, but also a much greater transportation capacity is achieved than with traditional control.
  • multiobjective optimization allows shorter waiting times to be achieved at all traffic intensity values, thereby also significantly shortening the queues of passengers in elevator lobbies.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
EP03798940A 2002-10-01 2003-09-12 Elevator group control method Expired - Lifetime EP1549581B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20021746 2002-10-01
FI20021746A FI113163B (fi) 2002-10-01 2002-10-01 Hissiryhmän ohjausmenetelmä
PCT/FI2003/000665 WO2004031062A1 (en) 2002-10-01 2003-09-12 Elevator group control method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1549581A1 EP1549581A1 (en) 2005-07-06
EP1549581B1 true EP1549581B1 (en) 2008-09-10

Family

ID=8564680

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03798940A Expired - Lifetime EP1549581B1 (en) 2002-10-01 2003-09-12 Elevator group control method

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1549581B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1688501A (zh)
AT (1) ATE407905T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2003262594B2 (zh)
DE (1) DE60323518D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2310261T3 (zh)
FI (1) FI113163B (zh)
WO (1) WO2004031062A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102482048A (zh) * 2009-09-11 2012-05-30 因温特奥股份公司 用于运行电梯设备的方法
US8646581B2 (en) 2008-09-19 2014-02-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator group management system having fellow passenger group assignment

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI115396B (fi) * 2004-04-15 2005-04-29 Kone Corp Hissijärjestelmän ohjausmenetelmä
US8151943B2 (en) * 2007-08-21 2012-04-10 De Groot Pieter J Method of controlling intelligent destination elevators with selected operation modes
ES2384695T3 (es) 2007-08-28 2012-07-11 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Capital Corporation Procedimiento y aparato para reducir los tiempos de espera en sistemas de distribución basados en destinos
FI120301B (fi) * 2007-11-26 2009-09-15 Kone Corp Hissijärjestelmä
CN101896872B (zh) 2007-12-20 2012-11-28 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 用于控制至少两个风轮机的共同输出的方法、中央风轮机控制系统、风场以及风场组
CN104640799B (zh) * 2012-09-11 2017-05-03 通力股份公司 电梯系统
US10294069B2 (en) * 2016-04-28 2019-05-21 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag Multimodal user interface for destination call request of elevator systems using route and car selection methods
WO2018069565A1 (en) * 2016-10-12 2018-04-19 Kone Corporation Estimating the number of passengers in an elevator system
CN107021392A (zh) * 2017-06-13 2017-08-08 重庆大学 负载不均衡的电梯楼层分配方法
JP6538240B1 (ja) * 2018-06-12 2019-07-03 東芝エレベータ株式会社 エレベータの群管理制御システム

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4363381A (en) * 1979-12-03 1982-12-14 Otis Elevator Company Relative system response elevator call assignments
US4838384A (en) * 1988-06-21 1989-06-13 Otis Elevator Company Queue based elevator dispatching system using peak period traffic prediction
US5024295A (en) * 1988-06-21 1991-06-18 Otis Elevator Company Relative system response elevator dispatcher system using artificial intelligence to vary bonuses and penalties
CA1315900C (en) * 1988-09-01 1993-04-06 Paul Friedli Group control for lifts with immediate allocation of target cells
DE59004802D1 (de) * 1990-02-22 1994-04-07 Inventio Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zur sofortigen Zielrufzuteilung bei Aufzugsgrupppen, aufgrund von Bedienungskosten und von variablen Bonus-/Malus-Faktoren.
US5780789A (en) * 1995-07-21 1998-07-14 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Group managing system for elevator cars
FI972937A (fi) * 1997-07-10 1999-01-11 Kone Corp Hissiryhmän ohjausmenetelmä

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8646581B2 (en) 2008-09-19 2014-02-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Elevator group management system having fellow passenger group assignment
CN102482048A (zh) * 2009-09-11 2012-05-30 因温特奥股份公司 用于运行电梯设备的方法
AU2009352553B2 (en) * 2009-09-11 2014-11-13 Inventio Ag Method for operating an elevator system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2310261T3 (es) 2009-01-01
DE60323518D1 (de) 2008-10-23
CN1688501A (zh) 2005-10-26
EP1549581A1 (en) 2005-07-06
FI20021746A0 (fi) 2002-10-01
AU2003262594B2 (en) 2009-02-19
ATE407905T1 (de) 2008-09-15
AU2003262594A1 (en) 2004-04-23
FI113163B (fi) 2004-03-15
WO2004031062A1 (en) 2004-04-15

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