EP1547182B1 - Thermisches verwaltungssystem - Google Patents

Thermisches verwaltungssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1547182B1
EP1547182B1 EP03750205A EP03750205A EP1547182B1 EP 1547182 B1 EP1547182 B1 EP 1547182B1 EP 03750205 A EP03750205 A EP 03750205A EP 03750205 A EP03750205 A EP 03750205A EP 1547182 B1 EP1547182 B1 EP 1547182B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat transfer
heat
transfer circuit
temperature
thermal management
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP03750205A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1547182A2 (de
Inventor
Doug Vanderwees
James S. Cotton
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Dana Canada Corp
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Dana Canada Corp
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Priority claimed from CA002406331A external-priority patent/CA2406331C/en
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Publication of EP1547182A2 publication Critical patent/EP1547182A2/de
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • This invention relates to systems for modulating temperature of at least two heat generating components having different operating temperatures.
  • heat-generating components which operate at different temperatures.
  • Exemplary of this type of system are fuel cell systems which, whether stationary or vehicular, contain a number of heat-generating components requiring temperature modulation.
  • Some heat-generating components of a typical fuel cell system include the fuel cell, the fuel generation system, auxiliary fuel cell temperature conditioners, and the traction motor in vehicle applications.
  • Types of fuel generation systems include sodium borohydride systems, electrolyzers and fuel reformer systems.
  • Auxiliary fuel cell temperature conditioners include humidity and temperature controls for, the anode and cathode streams entering the fuel cell stack, electronics or power electronics modules, condensers, charge air coolers for cooling hot air, fuel storage systems and battery conditioners.
  • each circuit has its own pumping means and heat exchange means for regulating the coolant temperature, and may have a heat transfer fluid which differs from that of the other heat transfer circuits.
  • An example of such a fuel cell system is described in U.S. Patent No. 5,537,956 (Rennfeld et al. ), which relates to an arrangement for cooling vehicle components by use of at least two separate cooling circuits.
  • each circuit has its own pump and radiator/fan, with the first circuit including the fuel cell unit, and the second circuit including the electric drive motor and power controller.
  • the two circuits are in heat exchange communication, however there is no flow communication between the two circuits.
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,370,903 (Wlech ) describes a heat pump type air conditioning and heating system for use in fuel cell-powered vehicles.
  • the systems described by Wlech have two separate coolant circuits and a refrigeration circuit.
  • the coolant circuits operate on separate pumps and are cooled by separate radiators, and may preferably be in heat exchange communication. However, there is no flow communication between the various heating and/or cooling circuits.
  • U.S. Patent No. 6,630,835 to Skala describes a fuel cell powered electric vehicle having high and low temperature heat transfer circuits.
  • the high temperature heat transfer circuit includes a heat generating fuel processor, an endothermic device, and a first circulating pump.
  • the low temperature heat transfer circuit includes the fuel cell, traction motor, power electronics, radiator, and a second pump. The same heat transfer fluid is used in both the high and low temperature circuits. There is some flow communication between the two circuits through a pair of conduits, with the flow through each conduit being controlled by a valve.
  • JP 200075389A of Equos Research Co Ltd discloses a fuel cell which can alternatively be used to heat or cool air using one of a pair of heat transfer circuits.
  • the present invention provides a thermal management system for modulating temperature of a first heat-generating component operating at a first temperature and a second heat-generating component operating at a second temperature, the first and second temperatures being different, the system comprising: (a) a first heat transfer circuit for circulating a heat transfer medium in heat exchange relation with the first heat-generating component, the first heat transfer circuit including a first heat exchanger for modulating temperature of the heat transfer medium circulating in the first heat transfer circuit; (b) a second heat transfer circuit for circulating the heat transfer medium in heat exchange relation with the second heat-generating component, the second heat transfer circuit including a second heat exchanger for modulating temperature of the heat transfer medium circulating in the second heat transfer circuit, the first and second heat transfer circuits being in flow communication with one another; (c) a circulation pump for circulating the heat transfer medium through both the first and second heat transfer circuits; wherein one of the first heat transfer circuit and the second heat transfer circuit forms a continuous loop, and the other of the first heat transfer circuit and the second heat transfer circuit having
  • Figure 1 illustrates a first preferred thermal management system 10 for modulating temperature of a number of components of a fuel cell power plant. It will be appreciated that the drawings do not illustrate all components of the fuel cell power plant, but only include those components which are necessary for an understanding of the present invention.
  • the components of the fuel cell power plant illustrated in Figure 1 are the fuel cell 12 and a pair of components 14 and 16, all of which are exothermic under most operating conditions.
  • Components 14 and 16, generally referred to herein as "heat-producing components”, are either fuel generation modules or auxiliary fuel cell temperature conditioners, as defined above.
  • the specific identities of components 14 and 16 is not necessary to an understanding of the present invention, although in the specific examples described below, components 14 and 16 are auxiliary fuel cell temperature conditioners. While component 12 is referred to herein as a "fuel cell”, it will be appreciated that this component could instead comprise a fuel cell heat exchanger.
  • Thermal management system 10 comprises two interconnected heat transfer circuits, a first heat transfer circuit 18 for circulating a liquid heat transfer medium in heat exchange relation with the fuel cell 12, and a second heat transfer circuit 20 for circulating the same liquid heat transfer medium in heat exchange relation with one or both of the heat-producing components 14 and 16.
  • second heat transfer circuit 20 may include only one heat-producing component or may also include heat-producing components in addition to components.
  • first heat transfer circuit 18 could include one or more heat-producing components in addition to fuel cell 12 which, as mentioned above, may comprise a fuel cell heat exchanger.
  • the first heat transfer circuit 18 also includes a circulation pump 22, which may preferably be a single speed, multi-speed or variable speed pump, for circulating the heat transfer medium through both the first and second heat transfer circuits. More preferably, the pump 22 is a multi-speed or variable speed pump and, in the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1 , pump 22 is located in the first heat transfer circuit 18. However, it will be appreciated that pump 22 could preferably be located in the second heat transfer circuit 20.
  • a circulation pump 22 which may preferably be a single speed, multi-speed or variable speed pump, for circulating the heat transfer medium through both the first and second heat transfer circuits. More preferably, the pump 22 is a multi-speed or variable speed pump and, in the preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1 , pump 22 is located in the first heat transfer circuit 18. However, it will be appreciated that pump 22 could preferably be located in the second heat transfer circuit 20.
  • a first heat exchanger 24 and a second heat exchanger 26 are provided in the first heat transfer circuit 18 and second heat transfer circuit 20, respectively.
  • the heat exchangers 24, 26 are preferably provided with means for accurately controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium.
  • heat exchangers 24, 26 may preferably comprise liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers in combination with a controlled bypass as a means for controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium.
  • the use of such a system is particularly preferred in applications where it is desirable to recapture some of the heat generated by the fuel cell to an auxiliary fluid medium.
  • heat exchangers 24, 26 could preferably comprise liquid-to-liquid heat exchangers which are not provided with a controlled bypass. Rather, the flow of the auxiliary fluid medium could be varied to provide temperature control in the heat transfer medium. The use of these types of systems permit the fuel cell to be brought to its operating temperature relatively quickly.
  • the first heat exchanger 24 comprises a radiator 28 having a thermostatically controlled fan 30 as a means to control the temperature of the heat transfer medium, with the operation of fan 30 being controlled by a temperature controller 32.
  • the second heat exchanger 26 comprises a radiator 34, a thermostatically controlled fan 36 and a temperature controller 38.
  • the inventors have found that the use of radiator/fan units provides rapid temperature control.
  • circulation pump 22 is a variable speed pump, it may also be used as a means for controlling the temperature of the heat transfer medium, and more preferably to control the fuel cell temperature or the temperature differential across the stack.
  • the conduits comprising the first heat transfer circuit 18 are shown in solid lines, whereas the conduits comprising the second heat transfer circuit 20 are shown in dashed lines. It can be seen that the first heat transfer circuit 18 forms a continuous loop, with heat being added to the heat transfer medium by fuel cell 12 and being removed from the heat transfer medium by heat exchanger 24.
  • the second heat transfer circuit 20 does not form a closed loop, and has a first end 40 and a second end 42 at which the second heat transfer circuit 20 is in flow communication with the first heat transfer circuit 18.
  • either one of the first heat transfer circuit 18 or the second heat transfer circuit 20 may be a continuous loop, so long as the thermal management system 10 forms a plurality of interdependent heat transfer circuits which are controllable by a single circulation pump.
  • the heat transfer circuits 18 and 20 are interdependent in that the second heat transfer circuit 20 is an open circuit which cannot be operated independently of the first heat transfer circuit 18.
  • the first heat transfer circuit 18 comprises a high temperature circuit in which the heat transfer medium circulating in the first heat transfer circuit 18 is at an equal or higher temperature than the heat transfer medium circulating in the second heat transfer circuit 20.
  • the temperature of the heat transfer medium circulating in heat transfer circuits 18 and 20 is not particularly limited, and may preferably be within the range of from about 40°C to about 200°C.
  • the discussion of preferred embodiments refers to thermal management systems in which the temperature of the heat transfer medium is generally within the temperature range of from about 60°C to about 80°C.
  • the thermal management systems according to the present invention are not limited to operation within this narrow temperature range.
  • the first heat exchanger 24 controls the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the first heat transfer circuit 18 such that the temperature of heat transfer medium is about 70°C when it comes into heat exchange contact with fuel cell 12
  • the second heat exchanger 26 controls the temperature in the second heat transfer circuit 20 such that the temperature of the heat transfer medium is about 60°C when it comes into heat exchange contact with the heat-producing component 14.
  • the temperature of the heat transfer medium immediately downstream of the fuel cell 12 is about 80°C
  • the temperature of the heat transfer medium immediately downstream of component 14 is about 65°C.
  • the high and low temperature streams mix at point 42, effectively lowering the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the first heat transfer circuit 18 and reducing the required size of the first heat exchanger 24.
  • the first and second heat transfer circuits 18 and 20 are balanced such that the first and second heat exchangers 24 and 26 are of similar size and heat exchange capacity.
  • heat transfer medium flows from the first end 40 of second heat transfer circuit 20 to the second end, passing through second heat exchanger 26 and through one or both of the heat-producing components 14 and 16.
  • the means illustrated in Figure 1 for directing flow to components 14 and 16 comprises valve 44, which may preferably comprise an active control valve or a multi-position diverter valve. However, it will be appreciated that other means for directing flow to modules 14 and 16 may be preferred, depending on the system requirements. Such alternate means include throttle valves and passive orifice plates. It may also be possible to control the flow of heat transfer medium through by strategic placement of the fuel cell components within the system.
  • a controlled portion of the heat transfer medium circulating in the first heat transfer circuit 18 enters the first end 40 of the second heat transfer circuit 20.
  • the flow of heat transfer medium entering second heat transfer circuit 20 may preferably be controlled by a valve and/or calibrated orifices, more preferably an active control valve, multi-position diverter valve, throttle valve or a passive orifice plate.
  • the flow of heat transfer medium entering the first end 40 of the second heat transfer circuit 20 is controlled by a multi-position, three-way valve 46. It will also be appreciated that all the heat transfer medium flowing through the second heat transfer circuit 20 will flow through the second end 42 of the second heat transfer circuit 20 and into the first heat transfer circuit 18.
  • first heat transfer circuit 18 a portion of the flow through first heat transfer circuit 18 is diverted into the first end 40 of second heat transfer circuit 20, and re-enters the first heat transfer circuit 18 through the second end 42 of the second heat transfer circuit 20.
  • the heat transfer medium entering the first end 40 of second heat transfer circuit 20 is initially at a temperature of about 70 °C, and is cooled to about 60°C before passing through heat-producing components 14 and/or 16.
  • the heat transfer medium exiting components 14 and 16 and flowing to the second end 42 of the second heat transfer circuit 20 is at a temperature of about 65°C.
  • This heat transfer medium at about 65°C mixes with the heat transfer medium exiting fuel cell 12 at about 80°C, with the temperature of the heat transfer medium after mixing being about 70 to 75°C.
  • This heat transfer medium is then cooled to about 70°C by the first heat exchanger 24.
  • the amount of heat removed by heat exchangers 24 and 26 is thermostatically controlled by temperature controllers 32 and 38, which are positioned immediately upstream of the heat-generating components 12,14 and 16.
  • temperature controllers 32 and 38 which are positioned immediately upstream of the heat-generating components 12,14 and 16.
  • a second preferred thermal management system 50 is illustrated in Figure 2 .
  • the thermal management system 50 includes a fuel cell 12 and heat-producing components 14 and 16.
  • the second preferred thermal management system 50 also modulates temperature of an additional heat-producing component 52 which may comprise either an auxiliary fuel cell temperature conditioner or a fuel generation system.
  • component 52 is an auxiliary fuel cell temperature conditioner.
  • the thermal management system 50 comprises a first heat transfer circuit 54 having a first heat exchanger 24 for modulating temperature of the fuel cell 12 and the heat-producing component 16, and also includes a second heat transfer circuit 58 having a second heat exchanger 26 for modulating the temperature of the heat-producing components 14 and 52.
  • the conduits making up the first heat transfer circuit 54 are shown in solid lines, and those comprising the second heat transfer circuit 58 are shown in dashed lines.
  • the first heat exchanger 24 comprises a radiator 28, a thermostatically controlled fan 30 and a temperature controller 32, while the second heat exchanger 26 comprises a radiator 34, a thermostatically controlled fan 36 and a temperature controller 38.
  • a single pump 22 is provided to circulate the heat transfer medium through thermal management system 50.
  • the first heat transfer circuit 54 forms a continuous loop while the second heat transfer circuit 58 has a first end 40 through which it receives heat transfer medium from the first circuit 54, and a second end 42 at which the heat transfer medium circulating through the second heat transfer circuit 58 is mixed with heat transfer medium flowing through the first heat transfer circuit 54.
  • thermal management system 50 One difference between thermal management system 50 and thermal management system 10 is in the arrangement of the heat-generating components.
  • the second heat transfer circuit 58 removes heat from components 14 and 52, with flow to components 14 and 52 being controlled by a valve or calibrated orifices 44.
  • the first heat transfer circuit 54 includes the fuel cell 12 and the heat-producing component 16, with flow to these components being controlled by a valve and/or calibrated orifices 60.
  • the first heat transfer circuit 54 of system 50 is the high temperature circuit, with the heat transfer medium entering the fuel cell 12 and/or component 16 being at about 70°C, and the temperature of the heat transfer medium exiting fuel cell being about 80°C.
  • the second heat transfer circuit 58 which is the low temperature circuit, the temperature of heat transfer medium entering component 14 or component 52 is about 60°C, and the temperature of the heat transfer medium exiting the component 14 is about 65°C.
  • thermal management system 50 Another difference between thermal management system 50 and thermal management system 10 is that the heat exchanger 24 of the second heat transfer circuit 58 is positioned downstream of the fuel cell 12 and component 16 and upstream of the point 42 at which mixing of the heat transfer medium in the first and second circuits 54, 58 takes place. Nevertheless, accurate temperature control in this embodiment is possible due to the fact that the temperature controller 32 is positioned downstream of the mixing point 42 and immediately upstream of the fuel cell 12 and component 16.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a third preferred thermal management system 70 according to the present invention.
  • Thermal management system 70 can be regarded as a variant of the second preferred thermal management system 50 in which each of the heat exchangers comprises a plurality of radiators arranged in parallel to one another.
  • the first heat exchanger 24 comprises a pair of radiators 72 and 74 provided with thermostatically controlled fans 76 and 78, respectively. The operation of fans 76 and 78 is controlled by temperature controller 32.
  • the radiators 72, 74 each have lower heat exchange capacity than the larger radiators 28 used in the first and second preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • the inventors have found that the replacement of one large radiator 24 by a pair of smaller radiators 72, 74 arranged in parallel greatly reduces the pumping requirements thereby enhancing the efficiency of the thermal management system.
  • the second heat exchanger 26 of the third preferred system 70 preferably comprises a pair of radiators 82, 84 arranged in parallel, the radiators 82, 84 being provided with thermostatically controlled fans 86 and 88, respectively.
  • the temperature controller 38 controls the operation of both fans 86 and 88.

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Claims (16)

  1. Ein thermisches Managementsystem zum Modulieren einer Temperatur einer ersten Wärme erzeugenden Komponente, die bei einer ersten Temperatur arbeitet, und einer zweiten Wärme erzeugenden Komponente, die bei einer zweiten Temperatur arbeitet, wobei die erste und die zweite Temperatur verschieden sind, wobei das System umfasst:
    (a) einen ersten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf zum Zirkulieren eines Wärmeübertragungsmittels in einer Wärmeaustauschbeziehung mit der ersten Wärme erzeugenden Komponente, wobei der erste Wärmeübertragungskreislauf einen ersten Wärmetauscher zum Modulieren einer Temperatur des Wärmeübertragungsmittels, das in dem ersten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf zirkuliert, aufweist;
    (b) einen zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf zum Zirkulieren des Wärmeübertragungsmittels in einer Wärmeaustauschbeziehung mit der zweiten Wärme erzeugenden Komponente, wobei der zweite Wärmeübertragungskreislauf einen zweiten Wärmetauscher zum Modulieren einer Temperatur des Wärmeübertragungsmittels, das in dem zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf zirkuliert, aufweist, wobei der erste und der zweite Wärmeübertragungskreislauf in Flussverbindung miteinander stehen;
    (c) eine Zirkulationspumpe zum Zirkulieren des Wärmeübertragungsmittels durch sowohl den ersten als auch den zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf;
    wobei einer von dem ersten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf und dem zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf eine kontinuierliche Schleife bildet, und der andere des ersten Wärmeübertragungskreislaufes und des zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislaufes ein erstes Ende und ein zweites Ende aufweist, an welchen die Kreisläufe in einer Flussverbindung stehen.
  2. Thermisches Managementsystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei die erste Wärme erzeugende Komponente eine Brennstoffzelle oder ein Brennstoffzellenwärmetauscher ist.
  3. Thermisches Managementsystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die zweite Wärme erzeugende Komponente ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe, die ein Brennstofferzeugungssystem und eine Neben-Brennstoffzellentemperierungseinrichtung umfasst.
  4. Thermisches Managementsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der erste Wärmeübertragungskreislauf die kontinuierliche Schleife umfasst.
  5. Thermisches Managementsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die erste Temperatur größer ist als die zweite Temperatur, sodass das Wärmeübertragungsmittel, das in dem ersten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf zirkuliert, eine gleiche oder eine höhere Temperatur aufweist als das Wärmeübertragungsmittel, das in dem zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf zirkuliert.
  6. Thermisches Managementsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei das Wärmeübertragungsmittel zwischen dem ersten Ende und dem zweiten Ende des zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislaufes fließt.
  7. Thermisches Managementsystem nach Anspruch 6, wobei ein Teil des Wärmeübertragungsmittels, das in dem ersten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf zirkuliert, in das erste Ende des zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislaufes eintritt.
  8. Thermisches Managementsystem nach Anspruch 6, wobei das Wärmeübertragungsmittel in dem zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf von dem zweiten Ende des zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislaufes in den ersten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf fließt.
  9. Thermisches Managementsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei das erste Ende des zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislaufes in Flussverbindung mit dem ersten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf an einem Punkt steht, welcher sich stromaufwärts relativ zu der ersten Wärme erzeugenden Komponente befindet, und wobei das zweite Ende des zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislaufes in Flussverbindung mit dem ersten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf an einem Punkt steht, welcher sich stromabwärts relativ zu der ersten Wärme erzeugenden Komponente befindet.
  10. Thermisches Managementsystem nach Anspruch 7, wobei ein Fluss des Wärmeübertragungsmittels von dem ersten Wärmeübertragungskreislauf in das erste Ende des zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislaufes durch Flusssteuerungsmittel gesteuert wird, die ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe, die ein Ventil und kalibrierte Öffnungen umfasst.
  11. Thermisches Managementsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei jeder der Wärmetauscher ein oder mehrere temperaturgesteuerte Modulationsmittel umfasst, wobei jedes der temperaturgesteuerten Modulationsmittel ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe, die einen lüftergekühlten Kühler und einen flüssig-zu-flüssig Wärmetauscher umfasst.
  12. Thermisches Managementsystem nach Anspruch 11, wobei das eine oder die mehreren temperaturgesteuerten Modulationsmittel mehrere lüftergekühlte Kühler umfassen, die parallel angeordnet sind.
  13. Thermisches Managementsystem nach Anspruch 11, wobei jedes der temperaturgesteuerten Modulationsmittel einen Kühler umfasst, der mit einem thermostatisch gesteuerten Lüfter ausgestattet ist.
  14. Thermisches Managementsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, wobei sich der Wärmetauscher des zweiten Wärmeübertragungskreislaufes stromaufwärts von der zweiten Wärme erzeugenden Komponente befindet.
  15. Thermisches Managementsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, wobei der erste Wärmeübertragungskreislauf des Weiteren eine zusätzliche Komponente umfasst, die ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe, die ein Brennstofferzeugungsmodul und eine Neben-Brennstoffzellentemperierungseinrichtung umfasst.
  16. Thermisches Managementsystem nach Anspruch 15, wobei die zusätzliche Komponente parallel zu der ersten Wärme erzeugenden Komponente angeordnet ist, wobei ein Flussregulierungsmittel stromaufwärts von der ersten Wärme erzeugenden Komponente und der zusätzlichen Komponente vorgesehen ist, wobei das Flussregulierungsmittel ausgewählt ist aus der Gruppe, die ein Ventil und kalibrierte Öffnungen umfasst.
EP03750205A 2002-10-01 2003-09-23 Thermisches verwaltungssystem Expired - Lifetime EP1547182B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002406331A CA2406331C (en) 2002-10-01 2002-10-01 Thermal management system
CA2406331 2002-10-01
PCT/CA2003/001443 WO2004032264A2 (en) 2002-10-01 2003-09-23 Thermal management system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1547182A2 EP1547182A2 (de) 2005-06-29
EP1547182B1 true EP1547182B1 (de) 2008-07-02

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EP (1) EP1547182B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2006501612A (de)
CN (1) CN100463266C (de)
AT (1) ATE400068T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003269641A1 (de)
DE (1) DE60321936D1 (de)

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DE102014224380A1 (de) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum prädiktiven Betrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit einem Brennstoffzellensystem
DE102018214705A1 (de) * 2018-08-30 2020-03-05 Audi Ag Kühlsystem
US11011764B2 (en) 2013-07-23 2021-05-18 Safran Aerotechnics Fuel cell system with a single coolant loop

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DE102007054246A1 (de) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-20 Daimler Ag Brennstoffzellenantrieb für ein Kraftfahrzeug
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JP6260516B2 (ja) * 2014-11-14 2018-01-17 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池搭載車両
JP6565860B2 (ja) * 2016-10-17 2019-08-28 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池システム
CN110539667A (zh) * 2019-08-12 2019-12-06 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种混合动力汽车热管理系统及混合动力汽车
CN113022283B (zh) * 2019-12-24 2022-08-16 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 散热装置及其控制方法、介质、设备、车辆

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JP4517529B2 (ja) * 2000-07-21 2010-08-04 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 ヒートポンプサイクル、加熱装置、車両用暖房装置、暖房装置および蒸気圧縮式冷凍サイクル
JP2002075389A (ja) * 2000-09-04 2002-03-15 Equos Research Co Ltd 燃料電池装置および燃料電池装置複合体
JP4938925B2 (ja) * 2000-09-25 2012-05-23 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料電池用冷却装置
US6673482B2 (en) * 2000-09-27 2004-01-06 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cooling system for fuel cell
JP4097405B2 (ja) * 2001-01-30 2008-06-11 三洋電機株式会社 エンジン冷却方法及び装置並びに冷凍装置

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11011764B2 (en) 2013-07-23 2021-05-18 Safran Aerotechnics Fuel cell system with a single coolant loop
DE102014224380A1 (de) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum prädiktiven Betrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit einem Brennstoffzellensystem
DE102018214705A1 (de) * 2018-08-30 2020-03-05 Audi Ag Kühlsystem

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EP1547182A2 (de) 2005-06-29
AU2003269641A1 (en) 2004-04-23
JP2006501612A (ja) 2006-01-12
ATE400068T1 (de) 2008-07-15
CN1689183A (zh) 2005-10-26
CN100463266C (zh) 2009-02-18
AU2003269641A8 (en) 2004-04-23
DE60321936D1 (de) 2008-08-14

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