EP1544096A2 - Method for verifying the destruction of a sea mine - Google Patents

Method for verifying the destruction of a sea mine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1544096A2
EP1544096A2 EP04029038A EP04029038A EP1544096A2 EP 1544096 A2 EP1544096 A2 EP 1544096A2 EP 04029038 A EP04029038 A EP 04029038A EP 04029038 A EP04029038 A EP 04029038A EP 1544096 A2 EP1544096 A2 EP 1544096A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mine
detonation
destruction
explosive charge
signal
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Granted
Application number
EP04029038A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1544096A3 (en
EP1544096B1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Lonkai
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Atlas Elektronik GmbH
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Atlas Elektronik GmbH
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Publication of EP1544096A3 publication Critical patent/EP1544096A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G7/00—Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G7/02—Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines
    • B63G7/08—Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines of acoustic type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G7/00—Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63G7/02—Mine-sweeping means, Means for destroying mines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for testing the Destruction of a sea mine, which by means of an explosive charge is blown in the preamble of claim 1 defined genus.
  • Maritime mines are equipped by accordingly Mine hunting boats initially located by means of a sensor and then identified, the identification by optical Means like TV camera in a mine-controlled Underwater vehicle (drone) or visual contact by divers, he follows.
  • the mine is fought, for example, by attaching an adhesive charge by a Diver, by depositing a Minneverschungsladung (MVL) at the location of the identified mine by means of a Underwater vehicle or by a remote controlled Underwater vehicle with integrated explosive charge, the on the mine is being steered, being at a given distance from the mine the explosive charge is ignited.
  • MDL Minneverschungsladung
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for Examination of the destruction of a sea mine by blasting specify with that without significant delay after Blasting the destruction of the mine found relatively safe can be.
  • the inventive method has the advantage that Receive side clearly detected in the received signal can be whether only the explosive or explosive charge detonates or a Sympathiedetonation the mine took place Has. It makes use of the fact that the Explosion of an explosive charge a characteristic Pressure signature generated as a spherical wave in the water spreads and only at a great distance its property, e.g. by damping, loses. The explosives triggered detonation wave spreads in the water with a much higher in comparison to the speed of sound Speed off, for example, at a speed of about 5000 m / s, the propagation velocity in the essentially of the type of explosive or explosive depends. Because z. B.
  • the receiver in the Close range of blasting typically within a radius of 300 to 500 m, is located and the detonation wave itself as a shock wave at the speed mentioned in the water spreads, the detonation of the explosive charge can on the one hand and the Sympathiedetonation of the mine on the other hand as temporally offset detonation events in the received signal be detected.
  • the received signal two Detonation events detectable, so can with large Security a destruction of the mine can be assumed.
  • Time lag between the Detonation events on a time window or Time interval for example, be about 200 to 300 microseconds can, ensures that one on the first Detonation event due to the explosion of the explosive charge goes back, next second detonation event too actually triggered by the Sympathiedetonation the mine has been. Will only be a single in the time interval Detonation event detected, so the mine is very great security not blown up, so not destroyed Service.
  • the time window within which the detonation events lie, depending on the distance between Explosive charge and sea mine at the moment of ignition of the Explosive charge and the type of explosive of the explosive charge established.
  • a sufficient time window is the Time window chosen less than 2 ms, where in typical Use cases, the time window is about 200 to 300 microseconds.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is a mine hunting situation schematically sketched in plan view and side view, in which a Overwater ship trained mine hunting boat 11 with a suspendable, via an unwinding cable 16 with the Mine hunting boat 11 connected, remote controlled Underwater vehicle 12, a so-called drone, to evacuate a Sea area of sea mines is used.
  • a mine 13 of the Sea area designed lakes is shown in Fig. 1 and 2 represented, as mine type a ground mine assumed is, which is stored on the seabed 15.
  • the Mine hunting boat 11 has a so-called mine hunting sonar 18, with the anchored in the sea area or on the seabed 15 deposited mines 13 are detected and classified can.
  • Ground mines lying in on the seabed 15 deposited sediment 14 are penetrated by a so-called sediment sonar, e.g. in the underwater vehicle installed, acoustically detected and classified.
  • the underwater vehicle 12 exposed by the mines hunting boat 11 is directed to the mine 13 out, the underwater vehicle 12 always brought against the flow 17 to the mine 13 becomes.
  • About the cable 16, for example, a Fiber optic cable can be found while a permanent Communication between mine-hunting boat 11 and Underwater vehicle 12 instead.
  • the mine 13 is through the Underwater vehicle 12 identified, and the Underwater vehicle 12 is caused by mine-hunting boat 11, an explosive charge 20, in the exemplary embodiment, a so-called.
  • Mine destruction charge to settle at the site of the mine 13, where usually settling the explosive charge 20 in one Distance a from 0.5 to 1.5 m away from the mine 13 is made. After discontinuation of the explosive charge 20 is the Underwater vehicle 12 from the mine hunting boat 11 caught up again.
  • the explosive charge is in Underwater vehicle integrated, and the latter is at the Blasting the mine 13 with destroyed.
  • the destruction of the mine 13 is in all cases by Remote ignition of the explosive charge 20 from the mine hunting boat 11 off triggered, the mine hunting boat 11 a certain distance, the size of the explosive charge 20 and the mine type depends on the location of the mine 13 complies.
  • At the usual used mine destruction charges is the distance to be maintained approx. 300 to 500 m, measured from the Projection point of the mine 13 on the water surface 19.
  • the mine 13 By the detonation of the explosive charge 20, the mine 13 to Detonation, the so-called Sympathiedetonation brought.
  • the blast triggered pressure waves the so-called. Detonation waves, spreading as spherical shockwaves in the water at a very high speed, the much larger than the speed of sound in the water and e.g.
  • Fig. 4 and 5 is an example of a Received signal shown schematically, in which within the Time window ⁇ only one detonation event (Fig. 4) or two Detonation events (Fig. 5) were detected.
  • the Locating the detonation events can be different Way in the signal processing 23 are performed. So can e.g. the maximums of the signal amplitude, the maxima of the signal amplitude Amount of the signal amplitude, the maxima of the signal level or the maximums of the envelope of the received signal used become.
  • the time window ⁇ is dependent on the distance a between explosive charge 20 and mine 13 and the nature of Explosive of the explosive charge 20 set.
  • Time window ⁇ selected with less than 2 ms.
  • a middle Distance of a 1 m between explosive charge 20 and mine 13 and at a propagation velocity of the detonation wave in Water of 5000 m / s is the time offset ⁇ t the two detonation events about 200 ⁇ s, so that at one Sympathy toning of the mine 13 both detonation events fall into the spanned time window ⁇ .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves recording the pressure waves triggered by exploding the mine (13) using a receiver (21) placed in the sea bed (15) remote from the mine and investigating the received signal for the occurrence of detonation events within a time window. The presence of two detonation events indicates destruction of the mine.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Prüfen der Zerstörung einer Seemine, die mittels einer Sprengladung gesprengt wird, der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 definierten Gattung.The invention relates to a method for testing the Destruction of a sea mine, which by means of an explosive charge is blown in the preamble of claim 1 defined genus.

Seeminen werden durch entsprechend ausgerüstete Minenjagdboote zunächst mittels eines Sensors geortet und dann identifiziert, wobei die Identifikation durch optische Mittel, wie TV-Kamera in einem zur Mine gesteuerten Unterwasserfahrzeug (Drohne) oder Sichtkontakt durch Taucher, erfolgt. Nach Identifikation der Mine wird die Mine bekämpft, beispielsweise durch Anbringen einer Haftladung durch einen Taucher, durch Absetzen einer Minnevernichtungsladung (MVL) am Ort der identifizierten Mine mittels eines Unterwasserfahrzeugs oder durch ein ferngesteuertes Unterwasserfahrzeug mit integrierter Sprengladung, das auf die Mine gelenkt wird, wobei in einem vorgegebenen Abstand von der Mine die Sprengladung gezündet wird. Der Erfolg der Bekämpfung der Mine, also deren Zerstörung, wird je nach eingesetztem Sprengverfahren auf unterschiedliche Weise nachträglich festgestellt. Bei Sprengung mittels Haftladung, die eine deutlich kleinere Menge an Explosivstoff besitzt als die Mine, wird die Zerstörung der Mine durch die Gesamtwirkung der Detonation beurteilt. Eine starke Detonation lässt den sicheren Schluss zu, dass die Mine in einer Sympathiedetonation durch die Haftladung zerstört worden ist. Liegt das Sprengladungsgewicht der Mine etwa in der gleichen Größenordnung wie die Minenvernichtungsladung, lässt die Beobachtung der Detonationswirkung, z.B. Wasserfontäne, Stärke des Schocks, keinen sicheren Rückschluss auf die erfolgreiche Bekämpfung der Mine zu. Bei Sprengung durch Minenvernichtungsladungen, die eine relativ große Menge an Explosivstoff besitzen, je nach Bauart z.B. ca. 40 kg oder ca. 130 kg TNT-Äquivalent, wird daher der Bereich der Mine nach der Sprengung mit dem Sonar beleuchtet. Der Einsatz des Sonars ist aber erst nach einer sehr langen Zeitspanne nach Sprengung mit Aussicht auf Erfolg möglich, da durch die Sprengung aufgeworfenes Sediment sich erst wieder ablagern und der durch die Sprengung erzeugte Blasenschleier sich erst wieder auflösen muss, bevor ein aussagefähiges Sonarbild aus dem Bereich der Mine erhalten werden kann. Im Falle von im Sediment vergrabenen Minen kann auch mit der nachträglichen Sonarbeleuchtung des Minengebiets eine Aussage über die Zerstörung der Mine nicht mit absoluter Sicherheit gegeben werden.Maritime mines are equipped by accordingly Mine hunting boats initially located by means of a sensor and then identified, the identification by optical Means like TV camera in a mine-controlled Underwater vehicle (drone) or visual contact by divers, he follows. After identification of the mine, the mine is fought, for example, by attaching an adhesive charge by a Diver, by depositing a Minnevernichtungsladung (MVL) at the location of the identified mine by means of a Underwater vehicle or by a remote controlled Underwater vehicle with integrated explosive charge, the on the mine is being steered, being at a given distance from the mine the explosive charge is ignited. The success of Fighting the mine, so its destruction, depending on used blasting in different ways subsequently determined. In case of detonation by means of static charge, which has a much smaller amount of explosive than the mine, the destruction of the mine by the Overall effect of detonation assessed. A strong Detonation allows for the firm conclusion that the mine is in destroyed sympathy toning by the charge charge has been. Is the explosive charge weight of the mine about in of the same order of magnitude as the mine destruction charge, lets the observation of the detonation effect, e.g. Water fountain, strength of shock, no safe Conclusion on the successful fight against the mine too. at Explosion by mine destruction charges, which is a relative have a large amount of explosive, depending on the type e.g. about 40 kg or about 130 kg of TNT equivalent, is therefore the Mine area after blasting illuminated with the sonar. The use of the sonar is only after a very long Time after blowing up with a chance of success possible because The sediment thrown up by the demolition did not reappear until later deposit and the bubble curtain created by the blast must dissolve again before a meaningful Sonar image from the area of the mine can be obtained. in the Trap of mines buried in the sediment can also be combined with the Subsequent sonar illumination of the mine area a statement about the destruction of the mine not with absolute certainty are given.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Prüfung der Zerstörung einer Seemine durch Sprengung anzugeben, mit dem ohne nennenswerten Zeitverzug nach Sprengung die Zerstörung der Mine relativ sicher festgestellt werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide a method for Examination of the destruction of a sea mine by blasting specify with that without significant delay after Blasting the destruction of the mine found relatively safe can be.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale im Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the features in the Claim 1 solved.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren hat den Vorteil, dass empfangsseitig im Empfangssignal eindeutig festgestellt werden kann, ob nur die Explosiv- oder Sprengladung detoniert ist oder auch eine Sympathiedetonation der Mine stattgefunden hat. Dabei macht man sich die Tatsache zunutze, dass die Explosion einer Sprengladung eine charakteristische Drucksignatur erzeugt, die sich als Kugelwelle im Wasser ausbreitet und erst in großer Entfernung ihre Eigenschaft, z.B. durch Dämpfung, verliert. Die vom Explosivstoff ausgelöste Detonationswelle breitet sich im Wasser mit einer im Vergleich zur Schallgeschwindigkeit deutlich höheren Geschwindigkeit aus, beispielsweise mit einer Geschwindigkeit von ca. 5000 m/s, wobei die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit im wesentlichen von der Art des Explosiv- oder Sprengstoffes abhängt. Da z. B. beim Einsatz von Minenvernichtungsladungen der Abstand zwischen abgelegter Sprengladung und Mine typischerweise ca. 0,5 bis 1,5 m beträgt, der Empfänger im Nahbereich der Sprengung, typischerweise in einem Umkreis von 300 bis 500 m, angeordnet ist und die Detonationswelle sich als Stoßwelle mit der genannten Geschwindigkeit im Wasser ausbreitet, kann die Detonation der Sprengladung einerseits und die Sympathiedetonation der Mine andererseits als zeitlich versetzte Detonationsereignisse im Empfangssignal detektiert werden. Sind im Empfangssignal zwei Detonationsereignisse feststellbar, so kann mit großer Sicherheit eine Zerstörung der Mine angenommen werden. Infolge der Einengung des Zeitversatzes zwischen den Detonationsereignissen auf ein Zeitfenster oder Zeitintervall, das beispielsweise ca. 200 bis 300 µs betragen kann, wird sichergestellt, dass ein auf ein erstes Detonationsereignis, das auf die Explosion der Sprengladung zurückgeht, folgendes zweites Detonationsereignis auch tatsächlich von der Sympathiedetonation der Mine ausgelöst worden ist. Wird in dem Zeitintervall nur ein einziges Detonationsereignis detektiert, so ist die Mine mit sehr großer Sicherheit nicht gesprengt, also nicht zerstört worden.The inventive method has the advantage that Receive side clearly detected in the received signal can be whether only the explosive or explosive charge detonates or a Sympathiedetonation the mine took place Has. It makes use of the fact that the Explosion of an explosive charge a characteristic Pressure signature generated as a spherical wave in the water spreads and only at a great distance its property, e.g. by damping, loses. The explosives triggered detonation wave spreads in the water with a much higher in comparison to the speed of sound Speed off, for example, at a speed of about 5000 m / s, the propagation velocity in the essentially of the type of explosive or explosive depends. Because z. B. when using mine destruction charges the distance between discarded explosive charge and mine typically about 0.5 to 1.5 m, the receiver in the Close range of blasting, typically within a radius of 300 to 500 m, is located and the detonation wave itself as a shock wave at the speed mentioned in the water spreads, the detonation of the explosive charge can on the one hand and the Sympathiedetonation of the mine on the other hand as temporally offset detonation events in the received signal be detected. Are in the received signal two Detonation events detectable, so can with large Security a destruction of the mine can be assumed. Due to the narrowing of the time lag between the Detonation events on a time window or Time interval, for example, be about 200 to 300 microseconds can, ensures that one on the first Detonation event due to the explosion of the explosive charge goes back, next second detonation event too actually triggered by the Sympathiedetonation the mine has been. Will only be a single in the time interval Detonation event detected, so the mine is very great security not blown up, so not destroyed Service.

Zweckmäßige Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit vorteilhaften Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen.Advantageous embodiments of the invention Method with advantageous developments and Embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the others Claims.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das Zeitfenster, innerhalb dessen die Detonationsereignisse liegen müssen, in Abhängigkeit von dem Abstand zwischen Sprengladung und Seemine im Moment des Zündens der Sprengladung und der Art des Explosivstoffes der Sprengladung festgelegt. Als ausreichendes Zeitfenster wird das Zeitfenster kleiner 2 ms gewählt, wobei in typischen Anwendungsfällen das Zeitfenster ca. 200 bis 300 µs beträgt.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention is the time window within which the detonation events lie, depending on the distance between Explosive charge and sea mine at the moment of ignition of the Explosive charge and the type of explosive of the explosive charge established. As a sufficient time window is the Time window chosen less than 2 ms, where in typical Use cases, the time window is about 200 to 300 microseconds.

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines in der Zeichnung illustrierten Ausführungsbeispiels im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen jeweils in schematischer Darstellung:

Fig. 1
eine Draufsicht einer Minenjagdsituation mit Minenjagdfahrzeug, ferngelenktem Unterwasserfahrzeug und Seemine,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht der Minenjagdsituation gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
ein Blockschaltbild des am Minenjagdfahrzeugs installierten Empfängers,
Fig. 4
ein am Empfänger abgenommenes Empfangssignal bei ausschließlicher Detonation einer am Minenort abgesetzten Sprengladung,
Fig. 5
das am Empfänger abgenommene Empfangssignal bei Detonation der Sprengladung und Sympathiedetonation der Mine.
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to an embodiment illustrated in the drawing. Shown schematically in each case:
Fig. 1
a top view of a mine hunting situation with mine hunting vehicle, guided underwater vehicle and sea mine,
Fig. 2
a side view of the mine hunting situation of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
a block diagram of the receiver installed on the mine-hunting vehicle,
Fig. 4
a reception signal picked up at the receiver with the sole detonation of an explosive charge placed at the mine site,
Fig. 5
the received signal received at the receiver when the explosive charge detonates and the sympathy toning of the mine.

In Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 ist schematisch eine Minenjagdsituation in Draufsicht und Seitenansicht skizziert, bei der ein als Überwasserschiff ausgebildetes Minenjagdboot 11 mit einem aussetzbaren, über ein sich abspulendes Kabel 16 mit dem Minenjagdboot 11 verbundenen, ferngelenkten Unterwasserfahrzeug 12, einer sog. Drohne, zur Räumung eines Seegebiets von Seeminen eingesetzt ist. Eine Mine 13 der im Seegebiet ausgelegten Seeminen ist in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt, wobei als Minenart eine Bodenmine angenommen ist, die auf dem Meeresboden 15 abgelegt ist. Das Minenjagdboot 11 verfügt über ein sog. Minenjagdsonar 18, mit dem im Seegebiet verankerte oder auf dem Meeresboden 15 abgelegte Minen 13 detektiert und klassifiziert werden können. Bodenminen, die in auf dem Meeresboden 15 abgelagertes Sediment 14 eingedrungen sind, werden mittels eines sog. Sedimentsonars, das z.B. im Unterwasserfahrzeug installiert ist, akustisch detektiert und klassifiziert.In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is a mine hunting situation schematically sketched in plan view and side view, in which a Overwater ship trained mine hunting boat 11 with a suspendable, via an unwinding cable 16 with the Mine hunting boat 11 connected, remote controlled Underwater vehicle 12, a so-called drone, to evacuate a Sea area of sea mines is used. A mine 13 of the Sea area designed lakes is shown in Fig. 1 and 2 represented, as mine type a ground mine assumed is, which is stored on the seabed 15. The Mine hunting boat 11 has a so-called mine hunting sonar 18, with the anchored in the sea area or on the seabed 15 deposited mines 13 are detected and classified can. Ground mines lying in on the seabed 15 deposited sediment 14 are penetrated by a so-called sediment sonar, e.g. in the underwater vehicle installed, acoustically detected and classified.

Das vom Minen jagdboot 11 ausgesetzte Unterwasserfahrzeug 12 wird zur Mine 13 hin gelenkt, wobei das Unterwasserfahrzeug 12 immer gegen die Strömung 17 an die Mine 13 herangeführt wird. Über das Kabel 16, das beispielsweise ein Glasfaserkabel sein kann, findet dabei eine permanente Kommunikation zwischen Minenjagdboot 11 und Unterwasserfahrzeug 12 statt. Die Mine 13 wird durch das Unterwasserfahrzeug 12 identifiziert, und das Unterwasserfahrzeug 12 wird vom Minenjagdboot 11 veranlasst, eine Sprengladung 20, im Ausführungsbeispiel eine sog. Minenvernichtungsladung, am Ort der Mine 13 abzusetzen, wobei üblicherweise das Absetzen der Sprengladung 20 in einem Abstand a von 0,5 bis 1,5 m von der Mine 13 entfernt vorgenommen wird. Nach Absetzen der Sprengladung 20 wird das Unterwasserfahrzeug 12 vom Minenjagdboot 11 wieder eingeholt. In einer alternativen Ausführung ist die Sprengladung im Unterwasserfahrzeug integriert, und letzteres wird bei der Sprengung der Mine 13 mit vernichtet.The underwater vehicle 12 exposed by the mines hunting boat 11 is directed to the mine 13 out, the underwater vehicle 12 always brought against the flow 17 to the mine 13 becomes. About the cable 16, for example, a Fiber optic cable can be found while a permanent Communication between mine-hunting boat 11 and Underwater vehicle 12 instead. The mine 13 is through the Underwater vehicle 12 identified, and the Underwater vehicle 12 is caused by mine-hunting boat 11, an explosive charge 20, in the exemplary embodiment, a so-called. Mine destruction charge to settle at the site of the mine 13, where usually settling the explosive charge 20 in one Distance a from 0.5 to 1.5 m away from the mine 13 is made. After discontinuation of the explosive charge 20 is the Underwater vehicle 12 from the mine hunting boat 11 caught up again. In an alternative embodiment, the explosive charge is in Underwater vehicle integrated, and the latter is at the Blasting the mine 13 with destroyed.

Die Vernichtung der Mine 13 wird in allen Fällen durch Fernzünden der Sprengladung 20 vom Minenjagdboot 11 aus ausgelöst, wobei das Minenjagdboot 11 eine gewisse Distanz, die von der Größe der Sprengladung 20 und der Minenart abhängt, vom Ort der Mine 13 einhält. Bei den üblicherweise verwendeten Minenvernichtungsladungen beträgt der einzuhaltende Abstand ca. 300 bis 500 m, gemessen von dem Projektionspunkt der Mine 13 auf die Wasseroberfläche 19. Durch die Detonation der Sprengladung 20 wird die Mine 13 zur Detonation, der sog. Sympathiedetonation, gebracht. Die durch die Sprengung ausgelösten Druckwellen, die sog. Detonationswellen, breiten sich als kugelförmige Stoßwellen im Wasser mit einer sehr hohen Geschwindigkeit aus, die wesentlich größer als die Schallgeschwindigkeit im Wasser ist und z.B. 5000 m/s beträgt. Diese Detonationswellen werden von einem Empfänger 21 im Minenjagdboot 11, das sich im Nahbereich der Sprengung befindet, aufgefasst. Der Empfänger 21 weist hierzu - wie dies im Blockschaltbild der Fig. 3 skizziert ist - einen breitbandigen elektroakustischen Wandler, üblicherweise Hydrofon 22 genannt, und eine dem Ausgang des Hydrofons 22 nachgeordnete, elektrische Signalverarbeitung 23 sowie eine Anzeigevorrichtung 24 zur Darstellung des Ergebnisses der Minenvernichtungsaktion auf. Mittels der Signalverarbeitung 23 wird das Empfangssignal des Empfängers 21 auf das Auftreten von Detonationsereignissen innerhalb eines Zeitfensters τ untersucht. Werden innerhalb des Zeitfensters τ zwei Detonationsereignisse gefunden, so wird in der Anzeigevorrichtung 24 die Zerstörung der Mine 13 angezeigt. Wird innerhalb des Zeitfensters τ nur ein Detonationsereignis festgestellt, so wird in der Anzeigevorrichtung 24 angezeigt, dass die Sprengung nicht zu einer Vernichtung der Mine 13 geführt hat.The destruction of the mine 13 is in all cases by Remote ignition of the explosive charge 20 from the mine hunting boat 11 off triggered, the mine hunting boat 11 a certain distance, the size of the explosive charge 20 and the mine type depends on the location of the mine 13 complies. At the usual used mine destruction charges is the distance to be maintained approx. 300 to 500 m, measured from the Projection point of the mine 13 on the water surface 19. By the detonation of the explosive charge 20, the mine 13 to Detonation, the so-called Sympathiedetonation brought. By the blast triggered pressure waves, the so-called. Detonation waves, spreading as spherical shockwaves in the water at a very high speed, the much larger than the speed of sound in the water and e.g. 5000 m / s. These detonation waves are from a receiver 21 in the mine hunting boat 11, located in Close range of the blast is located, understood. The recipient 21 points to this - as shown in the block diagram of Fig. 3rd sketched - a broadband electro-acoustic Transducer, commonly called hydrophone 22, and a the Output of the hydrophone 22 downstream, electrical Signal processing 23 and a display device 24 for Presentation of the result of the mine destruction operation. By means of the signal processing 23, the received signal of the Receiver 21 to the occurrence of detonation events examined within a time window τ. Be inside of the time window τ found two detonation events, so In the display device 24, the destruction of the mine 13 displayed. Becomes within the time window τ only one Detonation event is detected in the Display device 24 indicated that the blast not to a destruction of the mine 13 has led.

In Fig. 4 und 5 ist jeweils ein Beispiel für ein Empfangsignal schematisch dargestellt, bei dem innerhalb des Zeitfensters τ nur ein Detonationsereignis (Fig. 4) bzw. zwei Detonationsereignisse (Fig. 5) festgestellt wurden. Durch die Diracstoß-ähnlichen Amplitudenspitzen im Empfangssignal können die Detonationsereignisse sehr gut erkannt werden. Das Auffinden der Detonationsereignisse kann auf verschiedene Weise in der Signalverarbeitung 23 durchgeführt werden. So können z.B. die Maxima der Signalamplitude, die Maxima des Betrags der Signalamplitude, die Maxima des Signalpegels oder die Maxima der Hüllkurve des Empfangssignals herangezogen werden.In Fig. 4 and 5 is an example of a Received signal shown schematically, in which within the Time window τ only one detonation event (Fig. 4) or two Detonation events (Fig. 5) were detected. By the Dirac-like amplitude peaks in the received signal the detonation events can be very well recognized. The Locating the detonation events can be different Way in the signal processing 23 are performed. So can e.g. the maximums of the signal amplitude, the maxima of the signal amplitude Amount of the signal amplitude, the maxima of the signal level or the maximums of the envelope of the received signal used become.

Das Zeitfenster τ wird in Abhängigkeit von dem Abstand a zwischen Sprengladung 20 und Mine 13 und der Art des Explosivstoffes der Sprengladung 20 festgelegt. Als ein ausreichend kleines Zeitfenster τ, in dem Detonationsereignisse festgestellt werden müssen, wird ein Zeitfenster τ mit kleiner 2 ms gewählt. Bei einem mittleren Abstand von a = 1 m zwischen Sprengladung 20 und Mine 13 und bei einer Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit der Detonationswelle im Wasser von 5000 m/s beträgt der zeitliche Versatz Δt der beiden Detonationsereignisse ca. 200 µs, so dass bei einer Sympathiedetonation der Mine 13 beide Detonationsereignisse in das aufgespannte Zeitfenster τ fallen.The time window τ is dependent on the distance a between explosive charge 20 and mine 13 and the nature of Explosive of the explosive charge 20 set. As a sufficiently small time window τ in which Detonation events must be detected Time window τ selected with less than 2 ms. In a middle Distance of a = 1 m between explosive charge 20 and mine 13 and at a propagation velocity of the detonation wave in Water of 5000 m / s is the time offset Δt the two detonation events about 200 μs, so that at one Sympathy toning of the mine 13 both detonation events fall into the spanned time window τ.

In Ergänzung des Verfahrens kann durch Auswertung des auf die Sympathiedetonation der Mine 13 zurückgehenden zweiten Detonationsereignisses im Empfangssignal mit Hilfe einer Datenbasis oder eines Expertensystems der Explosivstoff der detonierten Mine 13 nach Menge und/oder Art bzw. Klasse klassifiziert werden.In addition to the procedure, by evaluating the on the Sympathiedetonation of the mine 13 declining second Detonation event in the received signal by means of a Database or an expert system of the explosive of the detonated mine 13 by quantity and / or type or class be classified.

Claims (6)

Verfahren zum Prüfen der Zerstörung einer Seemine (13), die mittels einer Sprengladung (20) gesprengt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der Sprengung ausgelöste Druckwellen mittels eines im Seegebiet minenfern platzierten Empfängers (21) als Empfangsignal aufgefasst werden und dass das Empfangssignal auf das Auftreten von Detonationsereignissen innerhalb eines Zeitfensters (τ) untersucht und das Vorhandensein von zwei Detonationsereignissen als Minenzerstörung angezeigt wird.Method for testing the destruction of a marine mine (13), which is blown up by means of an explosive charge (20), characterized in that pressure waves triggered during demolition are perceived by means of a receiver (21) placed remotely in the sea area as a receiving signal and the received signal is recorded on the Occurrence of detonation events within a time window (τ) is examined and the presence of two detonation events is indicated as mine destruction. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zeitfester (τ) in Abhängigkeit von dem Abstand (a) zwischen Sprengladung (20) und Seemine (13) und der Art des Explosivstoffs der Sprengladung (20) festgelegt wird.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the time factor (τ) is determined as a function of the distance (a) between explosive charge (20) and sea mines (13) and the type of explosive of the explosive charge (20). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zeitfenster kleiner als 2 ms gewählt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the time window is chosen to be less than 2 ms. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Auffinden der Detonationsereignisse Maxima der Signalamplitude, des Betrags der Signalamplitude, des Signalpegels oder der Hüllkurve des Empfangssignals herangezogen werden. Method according to one of claims 1 - 3, characterized in that maximums of the signal amplitude, the amount of the signal amplitude, the signal level or the envelope of the received signal are used to find the detonation events. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektroakustische Empfänger (21) mit einer breitbandigen Empfangscharakteristik ausgestattet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the electro-acoustic receiver (21) is equipped with a broadband reception characteristic. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Empfänger (21) mindestens einen elektroakustischen Wandler (22) und eine dem Wandler (22) nachgeschaltete elektrische Signalverarbeitung (23) für das elektrische Ausgangssignal des Wandlers (22) aufweist.Method according to one of Claims 1-5, characterized in that the receiver (21) has at least one electroacoustic transducer (22) and an electrical signal processor (23) connected downstream of the transducer (22) for the electrical output signal of the transducer (22).
EP04029038A 2003-12-19 2004-12-08 Method for verifying the destruction of a sea mine Not-in-force EP1544096B1 (en)

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DE10359855A DE10359855B3 (en) 2003-12-19 2003-12-19 Checking destruction of marine mine involves investigating received pressure wave receiver signal for occurrence of detonation events within time window, with presence of two detonation events indicating destruction of mine
DE10359855 2003-12-19

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CN113155264A (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-23 长江武汉航道工程局 Method for testing underwater blasting noise

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DE3511248C2 (en) * 1985-03-28 1994-11-10 Deutsche Aerospace Arrangement for the detection of sound signals
DE4416848C1 (en) * 1994-05-13 1995-06-08 Bundesrep Deutschland Determining sea mine detonation location

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113155264A (en) * 2021-03-30 2021-07-23 长江武汉航道工程局 Method for testing underwater blasting noise
CN113155264B (en) * 2021-03-30 2024-02-20 长江武汉航道工程局 Underwater blasting noise testing method

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DE502004011305D1 (en) 2010-08-05
DE10359855B3 (en) 2005-03-24
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EP1544096B1 (en) 2010-06-23

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