EP1541933B1 - Ventilation device for connecting to an exhausting duct or to a central ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-storey building has a central effluent air duct to a roof-mounted ventilator. Air is extracted on each floor through a vent housing with an inlet to a filter. The housing further has a shut-off valve and an outlet with a back-flow prevention valve to the main duct. Also claimed is a commensurate ventilation system.

Description

The invention relates to a ventilation device for connection to exhaust ducts.

Such ventilation devices are used in particular in central ventilation systems, which have an exhaust duct running, for example, over several floors, which is connected on the roof side to an exhaust fan. The exhaust fan sucks exhaust air from certain rooms of the building, for example from toilets, via the exhaust air duct. For this purpose, ventilation devices are provided in the individual rooms, in which the discharged room air enters, in order then to get from there into the central exhaust duct and blown out from the roof fan.

The known ventilation devices meet the ventilation and fire safety requirements only unsatisfactory.

From the DE 197 26 437 A1 A fire damper for a fan comes out. The DE 25 03 022 A1 relates to a device with fire protection flap. The US 1,961,948 relates to an air control device, in which manually a flap can be adjusted in its open position. The DE 42 18 826 A1 relates to a centrifugal fan, the output side has a self-opening by an air flow check valve. The DE 43 09 114 A1 relates to a device for ventilating rooms, the suction side has an air filter. The DE 23 22 913 A1 relates to a combined supply and exhaust valve having a fire damper. The DE 23 40 781 A1 relates to an adjustable poppet valve for venting channels, wherein for the cross-sectional adjustment of the valve body of the poppet valve is held by a thread arrangement. By manual screw movement, the valve body can be moved axially.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a ventilation device of the type mentioned, which provides optimal results in terms of the ventilation result and safety requirements.

This object is achieved by a ventilation device for connection to air ducts in that it comprises a housing which has an air inlet opening for an exhaust air flow, which is associated with an air filter. Furthermore, it has a cross-section-adjustable air valve through which the exhaust air flow can flow and an exhaust air connection for connection to the exhaust air line, the exhaust air connection being assigned a check valve with a thermally triggered closing device. Finally, it is provided that the air valve is a poppet valve with an automatically operating cross-section adjustment. The ventilation device according to the invention can be designed as a surface-mounted device or as a flush-mounted device. Due to the air filter, a retention of suspended matter and impurities in the air is guaranteed. The cross-section adjustable air valve, which can be flowed through by the exhaust air flow, ensures that the required exhaust air volume flow is extracted from the individual rooms provided with ventilation devices, which are connected to a common exhaust air duct. Due to the cross-sectional adjustability can be air valves that are relatively close to the exhaust fan and therefore in a zone higher suction negative pressure with a correspondingly small cross section and air valves more distant ventilation devices that are in areas with lower suction negative pressure, set with a correspondingly larger cross-section. Furthermore, it is possible due to the Cross-section adjustment to respond to the individual circumstances of the individual room. So you will adjust air valves in larger rooms with correspondingly larger cross sections compared to relatively small spaces. It can therefore individually achieve the rate of air exchange of each room. By the exhaust valve associated with the check valve on the one hand, a problem-free exhaust air operation is possible because of the negative pressure of the roof fan is an automatic opening of the corresponding check valve and therefore the exhaust air flow can happen. If, however, an overpressure arises in the exhaust pipe, which may have different causes, then the check valve provides a barrier between the central exhaust duct and the ventilation device, ie, the space associated with the ventilation device is sealed off. Preferably, the check valve made of non-combustible material, so that even in case of fire sufficient security is guaranteed. The air valve is designed as a poppet valve, that is, a plate closing an exhaust port can be displaced in the direction of the opening standards in defined positions, in order to create in this way the Querschnittsverstellbarkeit. In a particular respect, the safety-related, in particular fire protection requirements are met, since the check valve has a thermally triggered locking device. If the temperature rises above a threshold value, the closing device releases thermally and closes the check valve and locks it in the closed position. In this way, a hermetic foreclosure is guaranteed, with both flow directions are blocked, ie, exhaust air can no longer get out of the room in the exhaust duct and vice versa, it is no longer possible that -by Rücksaugung- air from the exhaust duct into the room flows. It is further provided that the air valve a having automatically working cross-section adjustment. The adjustment of the cross-section is done in dependence of corresponding parameters in a separate way.

Preferably, the air filter is arranged interchangeably in order to make revisions at regular intervals in a simple manner.

The check valve is preferably designed as a check valve.

It can be advantageous that the air valve is assigned a position indicator. This shows which opening position the air valve has. This makes it possible for a fitter in a very simple way to set the required opening cross-section and thus the volume flow of the exhaust air during commissioning.

It is possible, for example, to design the cross-section adjustment device as a motor adjustment device, actuator adjustment device, bimetallic adjustment device and / or electrothermal adjustment device. By means of a control or regulating device and / or by means of corresponding sensors, it is therefore possible to influence the position of the air valve and thus the volume flow of the exhaust air. In the case of the electrothermal adjusting device, the procedure is preferably such that a wax cartridge interacts with the plate of the poppet valve, which can be acted upon by means of an electric heater. Depending on the temperature development by the heater, a plunger of the wax cartridge will move the plate and release the exhaust port more or less.

The cross-section adjustment device is preferably associated with a time delay control device. An adjustment of the cross section therefore takes place with a time delay.

As already mentioned, the cross-section adjustment device can be assigned a control sensor which is designed, for example, as a brightness sensor, moisture sensor, pressure sensor and / or electrical switching element. Depending on the brightness, the humidity, the air pressure and the switching position of the electrical switching element, therefore, the cross-section adjustment is addressed and leads to a correspondingly desired setting of the ventilation cross-section.

In particular, it may be provided in a non-inventive design that a housing insert is removably disposed in the housing, which serves for the alternative recording of the air valve or an electrically driven fan. Due to this configuration, it is possible to use the ventilation device as an active single room ventilation or as a passive central ventilation. In both cases, the ventilation device can be designed as surface-mounted or flush-mounted device. In the case of active ventilation, the electrically operated fan is inserted into the housing insert, which sucks out exhaust air from the room and drains it via an exhaust air duct. The passive arrangement provides that no fan, but in place of the already mentioned air valve is present and the exhaust air is extracted centrally, ie, an exhaust fan, which is arranged for example on the roof of the building, provides a vacuum, so that exhaust air From a room can be sucked through an exhaust duct. The air valve then allows the opening or closing of the ventilation device or the setting of an intermediate position to ensure a certain exhaust air volume flow.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the ventilation device is associated with a soundproofing device. This means that certain air flow paths in the housing are provided with sound insulation material to dampen airflow noise and also external noise. The noise coming from the outside is, for example, sound that is transmitted via the exhaust air duct, in particular noise that comes from a neighboring apartment. The soundproofing device is preferably also designed such that the transmission of structure-borne noise is avoided.

Finally, the invention relates to a central ventilation device, that is, a device with a central exhaust duct, which is connected to a vacuum source and is provided with at least one ventilation device of the type described above.

Figur 1

einen Querschnitt durch eine nicht erfindungsgemäße Unterputz-Lüftungsvorrichtung mit Luftventil,

Figur 2

eine der Figur 1 entsprechende Ausführungsform, jedoch als Aufputzgerät,

Figur 3

eine Lüftungsvorrichtung mit erfindungsgemäß selbsttätig arbeitender Querschnittsverstellvorrichtung,

Figur 4

eine Draufsicht auf die Lüftungsvorrichtung der Figur 3,

Figur 5

eine nicht erfindungsgemäße, aktive Lüftungsvorrichtung, die anstelle eines Luftventils einen elektrisch angetriebenen Ventilator aufweist und

Figur 6

eine Draufsicht auf die Lüftungsvorrichtung der Figur 5.

The drawings illustrate embodiments in which:

FIG. 1

a cross section through a non-inventive flush-mounted ventilation device with air valve,

FIG. 2

one of the FIG. 1 corresponding embodiment, but as a surface-mounted device,

FIG. 3

a ventilation device according to the invention with automatic cross-section adjustment device,

FIG. 4

a plan view of the ventilation device of FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5

a not according to the invention, active ventilation device, which has an electrically driven fan instead of an air valve and

FIG. 6

a plan view of the ventilation device of FIG. 5 ,

The FIG. 1 shows a ventilation device 1, which has a housing 2, which is covered by means of a removable cover 3 front. On the edge, the cover 3 leaves an air inlet gap 4 open, which forms an air inlet opening 5 for the exhaust air (room air). Below the cover 3 is in an air flow path 6 enabling distance an air filter receptacle 7, in which an air filter 8 rests in the form of a removable filter mat 9. The filter mat 9 is supported by a grid-like support structure 10 of the housing 2. The exhaust air flowing through the filter mat 9 passes through the lattice-like support structure 10 and arrives in an antechamber 11 within the housing 2. A removable housing insert 12 is arranged in the housing 2, which housing is designed like a housing and has a cross-sectionally adjustable air valve 13. The air valve 13 is designed as a poppet valve 14, which has a plate 15, with which an air inlet opening 16 can be opened more or less wide or even closed. For this cross-sectional adjustability of the plate 15 is provided with a nut-like threaded member 17 into which an adjusting screw 18 is screwed. The head 19 of the adjusting screw 18 is held in a web-like, located above the air inlet opening 16 bridge structure 20. The shaft 21 of the adjusting screw 18 is wound in the region between the bridge structure 20 and the plate 15 by a helical compression spring 22. The interior 23 of the housing-like housing insert 12 is connected to a pipe-like connecting piece 24, which leads to an exhaust air connection 25 leads, which is arranged on the housing 2. The exhaust port 25 is located on a side wall 26 of the housing. 2

Inside the exhaust port 25, a check valve 27 is arranged, which has a non-return valve 28 which is pivotally mounted about an axis 29 and is acted upon by a spring 30 in the closing direction. Further, a thermally triggered closing device 32 is arranged in the form of a spring tongue 33 on a holder 31 of the check valve 27, which is held by means of a fusible link 34 in the clamping position. If the fusible link 34 melts at high temperature development, then the spring tongue 33 speeds in the direction of the arrow 35 in the course of a pivoting movement with its free end 36 against the check valve 28 so that this - if it is open- closes and also provides a guard locking the check valve 28 sure, so that their opening is no longer possible.

The exhaust port 25 leads by means of a connecting line, not shown, to a central exhaust duct, which extends for example over a plurality of floors of a building. In the area of the roof of this exhaust duct is connected to an exhaust fan, which develops a suction effect in the exhaust duct.

The result is the following function: room air is sucked due to the fan effect of the air inlet opening 5 and passes to the air filter 8. The exhaust air passes through the air filter 8 and enters the antechamber 11 and from there while passing the poppet valve 14 into the interior 23 of the housing insert 12th The size of the exhaust air flow depends on the position of the poppet valve 14, that is on the setting of the plate 15 relative to the air inlet opening 16. The exhaust air then flows from the interior 23 into the connecting piece 24 and opens due to their flow effect independently the check valve 28, wherein the spring 30 is tensioned accordingly. The exhaust air then flows into the exhaust port 25 and from there via the connecting line in the central exhaust air duct to the fan and from there to the outside. If the fan is turned off so the suction is missing and the spring 30 closes the check valve 28. If, for example, a fire in the building, so triggers the thermally-acting closure device 32 and locks the check valve 28 in the closed position.

For inspection work, the cover 3 can be removed, so that an exchange or a cleaning of the filter mat 9 is possible. The housing front portion 37 can be removed after loosening a retaining screw 38 from the lower portion of the housing 2, whereby the head 19 of the adjusting screw 18 is accessible. By means of a screwdriver, the installer in the course of calibration during installation of the system, the adjusting screw 18 and thereby displace the plate 15 of the poppet valve 14 and in this way the cross section of the air valve 13 to the desired, the exhaust air volume determining value in a non-inventive manner to adjust. The helical compression spring 22 ensures proper positioning of the plate 15th

The FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a ventilation device 1, the embodiment of the FIG. 1 corresponds, but only not the embodiment as a flush-mounted device according to FIG. 1 but as a surface-mounted device with the result that the exhaust port 25 is not located on a side wall 26 of the housing 2, but on the rear wall 39 of the housing 2. Accordingly, the housing insert 12 is the FIG. 2 different from the housing insert 12 of the FIG. 1 designed to allow the exhaust air from the interior 23 can flow through a correspondingly strong bend in the connecting piece 24 in the exhaust port 25. Otherwise, the comments on FIG. 1 according to the embodiment of the FIG. 2 ,

The FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a ventilation device 1, the embodiment of the FIG. 1 equivalent. Reference is therefore made to the corresponding description. Different from the embodiment of FIG. 1 is in the embodiment of FIG. 3 merely that the poppet valve 14 according to the invention is designed as a self-acting cross-section adjustment device 40. This is a so-called actuator 41, which allows a displacement of the plate 15 in the direction of the double arrow 43 by means of a plunger 42, so that accordingly the air inlet opening 16 is closed or more or less released. For the automatic adjustment, an electric heater 44 is heated in the interior of the cross-section adjustment device 40 via an electrical connection 44, which heats up accordingly a wax cartridge (not shown), whereby the plunger 42 is displaced.

In contrast to the embodiment of FIG. 1 is the plate 15 in the embodiment of FIG. 3 provided with a base load assuring exhaust vents 45, which also dissipate exhaust air when the plate 15 is in the closed position. In this way, a basic ventilation requirement is ensured regardless of the position of the self-acting Querschnittsverstellvorrichtung 40.

The FIG. 4 clarifies the structure of the FIG. 3 as a top view. It can be seen that the housing insert 12 is held by means of latching and guide connections 46 in the interior of the housing 2, wherein the Release the locking and guide connections 46 a simple removal is possible upwards. During this removal, the connection between connection piece 24 and exhaust connection 25 decouples automatically because the coupling plane extends in the direction of the removal movement. The arrangement is made such that the electrical connection 44 also separates automatically in the course of a plug solution. When inserting the housing insert 12 into the interior of the housing 2, a correspondingly reversed process, ie, the electrical connections are restored and also created the exhaust connection.

Dashed line is in the FIG. 4 further illustrated that by means of at least one further exhaust port 47, a Zweitraumabsaugung can be done, ie, a further room of the building can be connected to at least one further exhaust port 47 in order to vent also this room.

The FIG. 5 shows a further non-inventive embodiment of a ventilation device 1, which substantially the embodiment of FIG. 1 corresponds, so that reference is made to the corresponding description. The only difference is that no air valve 13 is present, but in its place a fan 48 having a motor 49 with a shaft stub 50 and a rotatably mounted on the shaft stub fan 51. In this respect, it is possible to equip one or the same housing insert 12 either with an air valve 13 by simple conversion or in the initial equipment by appropriate equipment, so that a passive device is created, or there to attach the motor 49 of the fan 48 to the bridge structure 20. The arrangement is such that the fan 51 is located within the interior 23 of the housing insert 12 and in Course of the formation of a centrifugal fan with the air inlet opening 16 cooperates.

In operation, the fan 48 sucks exhaust air through the air inlet opening 5, which passes through the filter mat 9, flows through the air inlet opening 16, the fan 51 passes and passes to the connecting piece 24 and from there into the exhaust port 25. From there, the exhaust air is removed by means of a suitable air duct, not shown.

From the FIG. 6 is the top view of the embodiment of FIG. 5 with removed front of the housing 2- visible.

The ventilation device 1 is provided with soundproofing equipment, that is, some or all of the walls lying in the exhaust airflow path may be provided with a sound-absorbing pad or may be made of soundproofing material. In this way, outside noise, such as the operating noise of the fan are attenuated. Furthermore, it is ensured that no noise is transmitted from one ventilation device to the other ventilation device. Such soundproofing can also prevent structure-borne noise from spreading throughout the entire system.

Claims (10)

1. A ventilating device (1) for connecting to exhaust air ducts, comprising a housing (2), which encompasses an air inlet opening (5) for an exhaust air flow, to which an air filter (8) is assigned, and comprising an air valve (13), through which the exhaust air flow can flow and the cross section of which can be adjusted, as well as comprising an exhaust air connection (25) for connecting to the exhaust air duct, characterized in that a non-return valve (27) comprising a thermally triggering closing device (32) is assigned to the exhaust air connection (25) and in that the air valve (13) is a disk valve (14) comprising an automatically operating cross section adjusting device (40).
2. The ventilating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the air filter (8) is arranged so as to be capable of being replaced.
3. The ventilating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the non-return valve (27) encompasses a check valve (28).
4. The ventilating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air valve (13) encompasses a position indication.
5. The ventilating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross section adjusting device (40) encompasses a motor adjusting device, an actuator adjusting device, a bimetal adjusting device and/or an electrothermal adjusting device.
6. The ventilating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a time delay control device is assigned to the cross section adjusting device (40).
7. The ventilating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control sensor is assigned to the cross section adjusting device (40).
8. The ventilating device according to claim 7, characterized in that the control sensor is a brightness sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor and/or an electric control element.
9. The ventilating device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a soundproofing arrangement.
10. A central ventilating device comprising at least one ventilating device according to any one or a plurality of the preceding claims.

Images