EP1536069B1 - Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1536069B1
EP1536069B1 EP03425756A EP03425756A EP1536069B1 EP 1536069 B1 EP1536069 B1 EP 1536069B1 EP 03425756 A EP03425756 A EP 03425756A EP 03425756 A EP03425756 A EP 03425756A EP 1536069 B1 EP1536069 B1 EP 1536069B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
soil
injection
expanding
expanding substance
foundation soils
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03425756A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1536069A1 (de
Inventor
Renato Canteri
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Uretek SRL
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Uretek SRL
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Priority to AT03425756T priority Critical patent/ATE313666T1/de
Priority to ES03425756T priority patent/ES2255666T3/es
Priority to PT03425756T priority patent/PT1536069E/pt
Priority to EP03425756A priority patent/EP1536069B1/de
Priority to DE60302904T priority patent/DE60302904D1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2004/012791 priority patent/WO2005054586A1/en
Publication of EP1536069A1 publication Critical patent/EP1536069A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1536069B1 publication Critical patent/EP1536069B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/48—Foundations inserted underneath existing buildings or constructions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for consolidating foundation soils, which is also used for lifting civil building structures and artefacts of any kind (hereinafter globally indicated as buildings) by using expanding substances, in particular resins.
  • Such resins constituted by mixtures of polyols and MDI isocyanates were initially used to raise collapsed floors, for example as described in US Patent 4,567,708.
  • Said patent in particular discloses the use of expanding resins with the ability to expand in free air at least five times their initial volume, combined with a monitoring of the raising of the structure to be consolidated. According to the teaching of said patent, consolidation should be deemed to be achieved when the structure starts to rise.
  • the building is monitored by generally using a laser level and a millimetric sensor applied to the building structure to be consolidated.
  • the injection, both just below the foundation plane, and in depth, of the expanding resin by any method (i.e. both injecting into multiple, vertically distanced points and into an entire vertical hole obtained in the soil, as taught for example by the patent EP 851 064), but with the provision that the level of the overlying building must be constantly monitored, taking for granted that in the moment when the building starts to rise a consolidation level exceeding the minimum one required for this intervention has been obtained. It was deemed that when the dynamic thrust of the resin inside the soil discharged its power only upwards, and thus won over the force induced by the static load of the building, that was the moment when the underlying soil could be considered, with reasonable certainty, consolidated.
  • a first drawback is caused by the fact that the moment of consolidation is identified as the moment when the soil and/or the overlying building start to rise.
  • Such tests are normally conducted by sampling in two or three points, adjacent to the building to be consolidated. Considering that the composition of the soils can vary very rapidly even at short distances, it would be necessary to perform the tests in every injection point, which is a complicated operation, or even impossible in some cases, in addition to being highly onerous.
  • a technical task constituting the basis of the present invention is to provide a method for consolidating foundation soils that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • a technical task of the present invention is to provide a method for consolidating foundation soils in which the achieved consolidation can be determined with greater certainty than in currently known consolidation methods.
  • Another technical task of the present invention is to provide a method for consolidating foundation soils that assures the duration of the consolidation intervention over time.
  • the method for consolidating foundation soils of the present invention comprises a first operating step in which a plurality of holes 1 is drilled in the soil 2 to be consolidated, appropriately distanced from each other, with a distance between centres, for example, of one metre.
  • the holes 1 are drilled in proximity to the foundations 4 thereof ( Figure 1).
  • Said holes 1 can be drilled both vertical and inclined relative to the vertical, in particular in such a way as to extend underneath the foundation plane.
  • the holes 1 involve the significant pressure bulb of the foundations 4, where the significant pressure bulb is the area of the soil underlying the foundation plane, involved by a pressure, exerted by the foundations 4 themselves, of significant value.
  • the significant pressure bulb is identified in a band of soil underlying the foundation plane, as wide as the base of the foundations 4 and twice as deep (starting from the foundations) as its width.
  • the injection may also involve the entire hole 1, which thus coincides with the injection point 5.
  • each injection point 5 is advantageously inserted into the hole 1 a tube 7 whose lower end is in correspondence with the injection point 5, and whose upper end 9 is accessible from the exterior by an operator 10.
  • the hole 1 must be drilled with sufficient diameter to allow the insertion of a number of tubes 7 equal to the number of injection points 5.
  • the minimum quantity of expanding substance 6 to be injected into each injection point 5 is determined according to the degree of humidity of the soil in correspondence with the related injection point 5, in consideration of the fact that as water content increases, soils become more prone to deformation and their resistance consequently decreases.
  • the measurement of the degree of humidity of the soil is obtained by measuring the electrical resistance of the soil itself, since there is a close correlation between the water content in the soil and its electrical resistance.
  • the tubes 7 for the injections which are usually made of copper or aluminium, both materials with good electrical conductivity.
  • each tube 7 are made of conducting material, in such a way as precisely to locate the measurement in the exact injection point 5.
  • the number of measurements taken may be adapted to the individual operative case. For instance, resistance may be measured in relation to a single injection point 5 for each hole 1.
  • the minimum quantity of expanding substance 6 to be injected depends on the characteristics of the expanding substance 6, in particular on its expansion capacity.
  • Table 1 shows the free air expansion coefficients of seven types of expanding substance 6, constituted by a resin of the type described below, generically designated with the letters A, B, C, D, E, F, and G.
  • RESIN TYPE A B C D E F G EXPANSION COEFFICIENT OF THE RESIN USED 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.5 3.0 DENSITY AFTER EXPANSION IN FREE AIR OF THE RESIN USED, kg/m 3 208 218 228 238 250 286 333
  • Table 2 instead shows the minimum quantity to be injected for each of the resins of Table 1, as a function of the electrical resistance of the soil (and hence of its degree of humidity).
  • the average data shown in this table refer to standard soils, such as clay or clay-silt soils with the presence of sand and/or gravel, with few cavities of limited size. Moreover, the table was determined for injection points 5 positioned at a distance of one metre from each other.
  • the table must be obtained empirically for each type of soil and each type of expanding substance 6, by means of field tests. In particular, it will be necessary to verify with appropriate tests whether for a given quantity of resin injected for each injection point 5 a good compaction is actually achieved or not (see also what is stated below about monitoring the soil level).
  • the minimum quantity of expanding substance 6 to be injected into each injection point 5 increases as the free air expansion capacity of the expanding substance 6 decreases, and as the electrical resistance of the soil
  • the operator 10 can start injecting the expanding substance 6 into the soil in correspondence with each injection point 5.
  • the method of the present invention also provides for the continuous monitoring of the level of the soil and/or of a building 3 bearing thereon to determine the rise of the soil itself, and for measuring the quantity of expanding substance 6 injected into the soil, and comparing said value with the value of the minimum quantity to be injected, determined for that injection point 5.
  • the injection is performed by the operator 10 by means of a gun 12 fed, through an injection pump (not shown), from a tank (not shown) of the expanding substance 6 (or from multiple tanks, through several pumps, when the expanding substance 6 is obtained by mixing two or more components in the injection point 5.
  • Both the injection pump and the conduits 13 which extend between the tank and the gun are appropriately heated to maintain the expanding substance 6 at the optimal temperature, in known ways.
  • the operator 10 can be provided with a display 14 enabling to view the values of the quantity of substance 6 injected and of the rise of the soil or of the building 3.
  • the injection of the expanding substance 6 is stopped when the injected quantity is at least equal to the minimum quantity, provided the soil and/or the building 3 bearing thereon have risen by a predetermined minimum value, which is usually no less than 1 mm.
  • the predetermined minimum value is not a constant, but must be determined for each intervention according to the extent of the required consolidation (this value in particular varies with the extent of the collapses of the soil which made the consolidation intervention necessary). Said minimum value can therefore vary also from one point to another in the same intervention.
  • the injection step is cancelled and a new injection point 5 for which the steps described heretofore are repeated.
  • Said new injection point can be selected in the same hole 1 at a different depth, in an extension thereof, or in a new hole 1 drilled in proximity thereto.
  • Said procedure may be repeated several times until an injection point 5 is identified for which a quantity of expanding substance 6 at least equal to the predetermined minimum quantity can be injected.
  • an expanding substance 6 is to be used which is able to expand its own volume in free air less than five times, and which consequently has, after free air expansion, a density of at least 200 kg per cubic metre.
  • said expanding substance 6 has an expansion coefficient of between three and five times.
  • said type of expanding substance 6 used has, after expansion in free air, a compression resistance of at least 5 kg per square centimetre, and preferably at least 9 kg per square centimetre, with deformation of less than 0.5%.
  • the expanding substance 6 is a resin which expands by means of a chemical reaction, and which is constituted by a mixture of two components, a polyol/polyether such as the polyol Eterol 317/X1 produced by the Company Polychem System, and an MDI based isocyanate, such as the MDI isocyanate Desmodur VKS 20 F produced by Bayer.
  • a polyol/polyether such as the polyol Eterol 317/X1 produced by the Company Polychem System
  • an MDI based isocyanate such as the MDI isocyanate Desmodur VKS 20 F produced by Bayer.
  • two or more expanding substances with different expanding capacity are injected into different injection points 5.
  • all expanding substances to be used will have an expansion coefficient lower than five.
  • each of said two superposed injection points 5 may be injected two different expanding substances 6, chosen in such a way that the expanding substance 6 injected into the deeper injection point 5 has greater expansion capacity than the expanding substance 6 injected into the less deep injection point 5.
  • the operating steps described above can be managed directly by an operator 10, or with the aid of a programmable electronic control unit which, for instance, can store the data relating to the electrical resistance of the soil determining for each point the minimum quantity of substance 6 to be injected, monitor soil level and the quantity of substance 6 injected and disable the dispensing of the substance 6 once the aforesaid conditions are met, or once the predetermined maximum value of rise is exceeded.
  • a programmable electronic control unit which, for instance, can store the data relating to the electrical resistance of the soil determining for each point the minimum quantity of substance 6 to be injected, monitor soil level and the quantity of substance 6 injected and disable the dispensing of the substance 6 once the aforesaid conditions are met, or once the predetermined maximum value of rise is exceeded.
  • the present invention thus achieves important advantages.
  • the method for consolidating foundation soils of the present invention assures the ability to determine with greater certainty than currently known consolidation methods the moment in which the soil can be deemed to be consolidated.
  • the present invention is relatively easy to implement and that the cost connected with the implementation of the invention is not very high, compared to industry standards.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Claims (25)

  1. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes, enthaltend die Vorgehensphasen:
    Einarbeiten einer Anzahl von Bohrungen (1) in den Boden;
    Einspritzen in den Boden, durch jede der genannten Bohrungen (1), von wenigstens einer expandierenden Substanz (6) an einem oder mehreren Einspritzpunkten (5), um den Boden in der Nähe der genannten Einspritzpunkte (5) zu kompaktieren; und
    Überwachen der Ebene des Bodens und/oder eines auf diesem stehenden Gebäudes (3), um das Anheben festzulegen;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ausserdem zum Einspritzen an jedem Einspritzpunkt (5) die folgenden Vorgehensphasen enthält:
    Bestimmen einer Mindestmenge an einzuspritzender expandierender Substanz (6), sei es in Funktion des Feuchtigkeitsgrades des Bodens entsprechend dem betreffenden Einspritzpunkt (5), wie auch der Expansionskapazität in freier Luft der expandierenden Substanz (6);
    Messen der in den Boden eingespritzten Menge an expandierender Substanz (6); und
    Vergleichen der eingespritzten Menge an Substanz (6) mit der genannten Mindestmenge;
    wobei das Einspritzen der expandierenden Substanz (6) gestoppt wird, wenn die eingespritzte Menge wenigstens der genannten Mindestmenge entspricht und der genannte Boden und/oder das darauf stehende Gebäude (3) um einen vorgegebenen Mindestwert angehoben worden sind,
    wobei in diesem Moment die Stabilisierung als ausgeführt betrachtet wird.
  2. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ausserdem, vor der genannten Phase des Bestimmens der einzuspritzenden Mindestmenge an expandierender Substanz (6), die Vorgehensphase zum Messen des Feuchtigkeitsgrades des Bodens entsprechend dem Einspritzpunkt (5) enthält.
  3. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach Patentanspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte Phase zum Messen des Feuchtigkeitsgrades des Bodens durch Messen des elektrischen Widerstandes des Bodens selbst durchgeführt wird.
  4. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach Patentanspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektrische Widerstand des Bodens zwischen Paaren von aneinandergrenzenden Einspritzpunkten (5) gemessen wird.
  5. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach Patentanspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der elektrische Widerstand des Bodens zwischen Paaren von aneinandergrenzenden Bohrungen (1) gemessen wird.
  6. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der Patentansprüche von 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Mindestmenge der an einem jeden Einspritzpunkt (5) einzuspritzenden expandierenden Substanz (6) erhöht, wenn der elektrische Widerstand des Bodens an jenem Einspritzpunkt (5) abnimmt.
  7. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Mindestmenge der an einem jeden Einspritzpunkt (5) einzuspritzenden expandierenden Substanz (6) erhöht, wenn die Expansionskapazität der expandierenden Substanz (6) in freier Luft abnimmt.
  8. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte expandierende Substanz (6) in der Lage ist, ihr Volumen in freier Luft um wenigstens das Fünffache auszudehnen.
  9. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte expandierende Substanz (6) in der Lage ist, ihr Volumen in freier Luft zwischen dem Dreifachen und dem Fünffachen auszudehnen.
  10. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte expandierende Substanz (6) nach der Expansion in freier Luft eine Dichte von über 200 kg pro Kubikmeter hat.
  11. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die genannte Einspritzphase eine expandierende Substanz (6) verwendet wird, welche nach der Expansion in freier Luft einen Kompressionswiderstand von wenigstens 5 kg pro Quadratzentimeter hat, mit einer Verformung von weniger als 0,5%.
  12. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach Patentanspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die expandierende Substanz (6) nach der Expansion in freier Luft einen Kompressionswiderstand von wenigstens 9 kg pro Quadratzentimeter hat, mit einer Verformung von weniger als 0,5%.
  13. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte expandierende Substanz (6) mit Hilfe einer chemischen Reaktion expandiert.
  14. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte expandierende Substanz (6) eine Mischung aus Polyol/Polyether und auf Isocyanat basierendem MDI enthält.
  15. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannten Bohrungen (1) vertikal eingearbeitet sind.
  16. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannten Bohrungen (1) schräg im Verhältnis zu der Vertikalen eingearbeitet sind.
  17. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für jede Bohrung (1) mehrere Einspritzungen von expandierender Substanz (6) an den Einspritzpunkten (5) vorgenommen werden, die in verschiedenen Tiefen angeordnet sind.
  18. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der Patentansprüche von 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für jede Bohrung (1) eine einzige Einspritzung von expandierender Substanz (6) auf die gesamte Länge der Bohrung (1) vorgenommen wird, wobei die genannte Bohrung (1) mit einem einzelnen Einspritzpunkt (5) übereinstimmt.
  19. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der genannte mindeste festgelegte Anhebungswert wenigstens 1 mm beträgt.
  20. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannten Einspritzpunkte (5) unterhalb der Fundamente (4) eines zu stabilisierenden Gebäudes (3) angelegt sind.
  21. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannten Einspritzpunkte (5) im Inneren des kennzeichnenden Druckkerns der Fundamente (4) eines zu stabilisierenden Gebäudes (3) angelegt sind.
  22. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es das Einspritzen von zwei oder mehreren der genannten expandierenden Substanzen (6) von unterschiedlicher Expansionskapazität in die verschiedenen Einspritzpunkte (5) vorsieht.
  23. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach Patentanspruch 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für wenigstens eine Bohrung (1) zwei übereinanderliegende Einspritzpunkte (5) vorgesehen sind, und dadurch, dass in jeden der beiden übereinanderliegenden Einspritzpunkte (5) zwei verschiedene expandierende Substanzen (6) eingespritzt werden, wobei die in den tiefer liegenden Einspritzpunkt (5) eingespritzte expandierende Substanz (6) eine grössere Expansionskapazität aufweist als die expandierende Substanz (6), die in den weniger tief liegenden Einspritzpunkt (5) eingespritzt ist.
  24. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach einem jeden der vorstehenden Patentansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, wenn der Boden und/oder die auf diesem stehende Konstruktion (3) um einen Wert angehoben sind, der einen bestimmten maximalen Wert überschreitet, bevor die genannte Mindestmenge an expandierender Substanz (6) eingespritzt worden ist, die genannte Einspritzphase annulliert und ein neuer Einspritzpunkt (5) festgelegt wird, und dass an dem genannten neuen Einspritzpunkt (5) alle genannten Vorgehensphasen ausgeführt werden.
  25. Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes nach Patentanspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Festlegung einer neuen Bohrung (1) wiederholt wird, bis für einen Einspritzpunkt (5) die Einspritzung der expandierenden Substanz (6) gestoppt ist, weil die eingespritzte Menge wenigstens der genannten Mindestmenge entspricht und der genannte Boden und/oder das auf diesem stehende Gebäude (3) um den genannten vorgegebenen Mindestwert angehoben worden sind.
EP03425756A 2003-11-25 2003-11-25 Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes Expired - Lifetime EP1536069B1 (de)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT03425756T ATE313666T1 (de) 2003-11-25 2003-11-25 Verfahren zur stabilisierung eines baugrundes
ES03425756T ES2255666T3 (es) 2003-11-25 2003-11-25 Metodo para consolidar terrenos de cimentacion.
PT03425756T PT1536069E (pt) 2003-11-25 2003-11-25 Processo de consolidacao de solos para fundacoes
EP03425756A EP1536069B1 (de) 2003-11-25 2003-11-25 Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes
DE60302904T DE60302904D1 (de) 2003-11-25 2003-11-25 Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes
PCT/EP2004/012791 WO2005054586A1 (en) 2003-11-25 2004-11-11 A method of consolidating soil for foundation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03425756A EP1536069B1 (de) 2003-11-25 2003-11-25 Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1536069A1 EP1536069A1 (de) 2005-06-01
EP1536069B1 true EP1536069B1 (de) 2005-12-21

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EP03425756A Expired - Lifetime EP1536069B1 (de) 2003-11-25 2003-11-25 Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Baugrundes

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EP (1) EP1536069B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE313666T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60302904D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2255666T3 (de)
PT (1) PT1536069E (de)
WO (1) WO2005054586A1 (de)

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US20180209113A1 (en) * 2015-07-17 2018-07-26 Thur S.R.L. Method for improving the mechanical and hydraulic characteristics of foundation grounds of existing built structures
ITUB20152280A1 (it) * 2015-07-17 2017-01-17 Thur Srl Procedimento per migliorare le caratteristiche meccaniche e idrauliche di terreni di fondazione di manufatti esistenti.
KR101665377B1 (ko) 2015-09-24 2016-10-12 문형록 지반보강용 발포 조성물 및 이를 이용한 지반보강 시공방법
KR20190048097A (ko) 2017-10-30 2019-05-09 주식회사 골든포우 지반함몰지 응급복구용 팽창매트
US10760236B2 (en) 2017-12-15 2020-09-01 Redrock Ventures B.V. System and method for real-time displacement control using expansive grouting techniques
WO2019114998A1 (en) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-20 Redrock Ventures B.V. Method for control of expansive grouting technique

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JP3663077B2 (ja) * 1999-05-11 2005-06-22 株式会社日東テクノ・グループ コンパクショングラウチング施工管理方法及びシステム
US6521673B1 (en) * 1999-11-03 2003-02-18 Polythane Systems, Inc. Composition and method for preparing polyurethanes and polyurethane foams

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PT1536069E (pt) 2006-05-31
ATE313666T1 (de) 2006-01-15
ES2255666T3 (es) 2006-07-01
EP1536069A1 (de) 2005-06-01
DE60302904D1 (de) 2006-01-26

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