EP1536025B1 - Process and device for coating or heat treating blade integrated disks for aircraft gas turbines - Google Patents

Process and device for coating or heat treating blade integrated disks for aircraft gas turbines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1536025B1
EP1536025B1 EP04078135A EP04078135A EP1536025B1 EP 1536025 B1 EP1536025 B1 EP 1536025B1 EP 04078135 A EP04078135 A EP 04078135A EP 04078135 A EP04078135 A EP 04078135A EP 1536025 B1 EP1536025 B1 EP 1536025B1
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Prior art keywords
cooling
heat
accordance
coating
cooling medium
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EP04078135A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1536025B8 (en
EP1536025A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Mielke
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Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
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Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for hard coating at elevated temperature or for heat treatment of the blades of BLISK panes of aircraft gas turbines and an apparatus for performing the method.
  • BLISK discs are used for the high-pressure compressor, for example, in which the actual disc, the blade platform and the blades are made in one piece.
  • the blades are known to be coated at elevated temperature with hard materials such as nitrides or carbides, for example in a plasma vapor coating process.
  • the BLISK discs are subjected to a heat treatment after repair work on the blades.
  • the coating methods or the heat treatment are disadvantageous in that not only the blades, but also the blade platform and the disc itself are exposed to the high, the maximum operating temperature exceeding heating. While the high heating of the less loaded blades does not pose serious problems, the treatment temperature of the remaining pulley parts can lead to geometric deformation and impairment of function and ultimately to a shortening of the life.
  • the invention is based on the object, the coating or heat treatment process and the implementation of the Process required device in such a way that the blades can be repeatedly repaired and heat treated or coated, but thereby the life of the BLISK disc as a whole is not affected.
  • the inventive idea is in other words in the heat treatment / coating of a disc part while cooling and insulation of the other disc part.
  • the heavily loaded disk during operation therefore retains its full functionality even after repeated heat treatment or coating and achieves a long service life.
  • the functionality of the less loaded blades is not affected by the heat.
  • the possibility of hard material coating or the heat treatment of repaired airfoils ensures a long service life of the BLISK blades.
  • the cooling device for carrying out the above-mentioned method comprises two or more cooling plates thermally insulated on the outer surfaces, namely a bottom cooling plate and a cover cooling plate and, in the case of more than one BLISK disc to be treated, at least one intermediate cooling plate.
  • the cooling plates have at the periphery supporting flanges whose end faces with the end faces of the blade platform in operative connection stand and serve by heat transfer from the blade platform on the support flange as a solid coolant. Further cooling takes place with a flowable cooling medium supplied via coolant channels formed in the cooling plates, which cools both the inner surfaces of the support flanges of the cooling plates and the inner surfaces of the blade platform.
  • a cooling plate comprises an inner ring channel, via which the cooling fluid is supplied, and an outer ring channel connected thereto via the coolant channels with swirl nozzles connected thereto.
  • the cooling fluid can be directed directly to the inner surfaces of the support flanges and the blade platform.
  • the swirl nozzles are also arranged in the opposite direction in order to be able to apply the cooling fluid to both support flanges and both blade platforms.
  • the coolant channels upstream of a volume control means which preferably consists of two adjoining collars with slot openings.
  • the degree of overlap of the slot openings determines the coolant volume supplied to the support flange and the blade platform, respectively.
  • the thermal insulation of the cooling plates with respect to the hot hard coating or heat treatment atmosphere is carried out with attached to the outer surfaces heat shields.
  • heat shields are also attached to certain inner surfaces of the cooling plates, which come into contact with the heated cooling fluid.
  • guide elements are provided which direct the heated fluid away from the heat shields.
  • a one-piece BLISK disc 1 for the compressor of an aircraft gas turbine comprises a disc 1 'with connecting arms 2, a blade platform 3 and integrally formed thereon blades 4 at a provided for the wear protection coating of the blades 4 with carbides or nitrides or at
  • a heat treatment following a blade repair only the blades 4 for heat treatment or coating are subjected to the required temperature in an evaporation process in an oven, while the heating of the uncoated portions of the BLISK sheet 1 is at a higher temperature than during normal operation the aircraft gas turbine takes place, but according to the titanium alloy used in each case, for example Ti64 or Ti6246, a maximum allowable temperature of 320 ° C or 350 ° C does not exceed.
  • the BLISK discs 1 except for the blades 4 are housed or held in the cooling device described below.
  • the cooling device shown here on the example of two BLISK panes to be treated comprises three cooling plates 5 to 7, namely a bottom cooling plate 5, a cover cooling plate 7 and an intermediate cooling plate 6 arranged between the two BLISK panes 1.
  • the intermediate cooling plates have a central passage opening 27.
  • the three cooling plates 5 to 7 each comprise an inner ring channel 8 and an intermediate ring channel 9, which are connected to each other via a volume control means 10 for controlling the cooling medium flow.
  • the volume control means 10 consists of a first adjusting ring 11 with slot openings 12 and a second adjusting ring 13 with slot openings 14.
  • the cooling plates 5 to 7 furthermore have an outer ring channel 15. About the circumference of the intermediate ring channel 9 outgoing radial coolant channels 16 of the intermediate ring channel 9 is connected to the outer ring channel 15.
  • the curved coolant channels 16 open tangentially into the outer ring channel 15.
  • the formed in the bottom cooling plate 5 inner ring channel 8 is connected to a provided in the bottom cooling plate 5 cooling medium connection 17, and the inner ring channel 8 of the intermediate cooling plate 6 is both via a media supply line 18 with the inner ring channels 8 both the bottom cooling plate 5 and the cover cooling plate 7 connected.
  • swirl nozzles 19 In the region of the mouth of the coolant channels 16 in the outer ring channel 15 obliquely arranged swirl nozzles 19 are formed.
  • the swirl nozzles 19 extend from both sides of the outer ring channel 15.
  • the BLISK blades 1 are held on the front side of their blade platform 3 between support flanges 20, which on the bottom cooling plate 5 and the cover cooling plate 7 each one-sided are molded and strive from the intermediate cooling plate 6 to both sides.
  • the support flanges 20 are in close, heat-conducting contact with the blade platform 3 in order to dissipate as much heat as possible from the blade platform 3.
  • a surface structuring 25 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the outer ring channels 17 and on the pressure-side outer wall of the swirl channels 16 to increase the cooling surface.
  • heat shields 21 are mounted to prevent heat transfer from the outside to the cooling plates 3 to 5 or minimize.
  • Further heat shields 22 are provided on the parallel opposite inner surfaces of the cooling plates 5 to 7.
  • the heat shields 21, 22 may be lined on the inside with a heat-insulating material 26.
  • the heat shields 22 are fixed with holding means 23, which are shaped so that heated cooling medium is led away from the heat shield 22.
  • In the bottom cooling plate 5 is ademediumauslass 24th
  • the first BLISK disc 1 is deposited on the bottom cooling plate 5, which is not shown above the cooling medium connection 17 to a cooling medium source, and the intermediate cooling disc 6 is placed on it. Thereafter, the second BLISK disc 1 is placed on the intermediate cooling plate 6. Finally, the deck cooling plate 7 forms the upper end.
  • the blades 4 of the two BLISK discs 1 are thus free in the plasma vapor deposition chamber, while the remaining parts of the BLISK disc, apart from the outer surface of the blade platform 3 adjoining the blades 4, in which space enclosed by the cooling plates 5 to 7 is insulated by outer heat shields 21.
  • the cooling medium passes through the cooling medium connection 17 and the media supply lines 18 in the inner ring channel 8 of the bottom cooling plate 5, the intermediate cooling plate 6 and the cover cooling plate 7. From the inner ring channel 8, the cooling medium flows through the volume control means 10, that is, the slot openings 12 and 14 in the adjustable Adjusting rings 11, 13, in the respective intermediate ring channel 9 and from there into the coolant channels 16 and finally into the respective outer ring channels 15 of the three cooling plates 5 to 7.
  • the emerging from the swirl nozzles 19 cooling medium flows along the support flanges 20 of the cooling plates and the blade platform 3 and the connecting arms 2 of the BLISK disc 1 and passes through the formed as a guide elements holding means 23 for the inner heat shields 22 in the space between each adjacent cooling plates 5 and 6 and 6 and 7.
  • the heated cooling medium finally flows through thedemediumauslass 24 to the outside. It can be cooled by means of heat exchangers (not shown) and re-incorporated into the cooling process.
  • the blade platform 3 closest to the blades 4 and thus exposed to a very high heat load is cooled on the one hand by the heat-conducting contact with the intensively cooled support flanges 20 and also directly by the cooling medium flow.
  • the maximum operating temperature of the material of the BLISK disc is not exceeded, with the exception of the blade blades, and thus a long service life of the BLISK disc is achieved even with multiple heat treatment of the blade blades caused by repair or hard coating.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Hartstoffbeschichtung bei erhöhter Temperatur oder zur Wärmebehandlung der Schaufelblätter von BLISK-Scheiben von Fluggasturbinen und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a process for hard coating at elevated temperature or for heat treatment of the blades of BLISK panes of aircraft gas turbines and an apparatus for performing the method.

Bei Fluggasturbinen werden für den Hochdruckverdichter beispielsweise BLISK-Scheiben eingesetzt, bei denen die eigentliche Scheibe, die Schaufelplattform und die Schaufelblätter aus einem Stück gefertigt sind. Zur Verbesserung des Verschleißschutzes gegenüber den in der verdichteten Luft mitgeführten Partikeln werden die Schaufelblätter bekanntermaßen, beispielsweise in einem Plasmadampfbeschichtungsverfahren, bei erhöhter Temperatur mit Hartstoffen wie beispielsweise Nitriden oder Carbiden beschichtet. Zum anderen werden die BLISK-Scheiben nach Reparaturarbeiten an den Schaufelblättern einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen. Die Beschichtungsverfahren bzw. die Wärmebehandlung sind jedoch insofern nachteilig, als nicht nur die Schaufelblätter, sondern auch die Schaufelplattform und die Scheibe selbst der hohen, die maximale Betriebstemperatur überschreitenden Erwärmung ausgesetzt sind. Während die hohe Erwärmung bei den weniger belasteten Schaufelblättern keine ernsthaften Probleme bereitet, kann die Behandlungstemperatur bei den übrigen Scheibenteilen zu geometrischer Verformung und Beeinträchtigung der Funktion und letztlich zu einer Verkürzung der Lebensdauer führen.In aircraft gas turbines BLISK discs are used for the high-pressure compressor, for example, in which the actual disc, the blade platform and the blades are made in one piece. To improve the wear protection against the entrained in the compressed air particles, the blades are known to be coated at elevated temperature with hard materials such as nitrides or carbides, for example in a plasma vapor coating process. On the other hand, the BLISK discs are subjected to a heat treatment after repair work on the blades. However, the coating methods or the heat treatment are disadvantageous in that not only the blades, but also the blade platform and the disc itself are exposed to the high, the maximum operating temperature exceeding heating. While the high heating of the less loaded blades does not pose serious problems, the treatment temperature of the remaining pulley parts can lead to geometric deformation and impairment of function and ultimately to a shortening of the life.

Aus der US 6,172,327 ist es bekannt, bei der Reparatur von BLISKs mittels Laserschweißen die zu reparierenden Schaufeln der BLISK mit einem Gehäuse zu umgeben und benachbarte Schaufeln mit einem Kupferblech zu schützen. Nach dem Schweißen wird die geamte BLISK einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen.From the US 6,172,327 It is known, in the repair of BLISKs by laser welding, the blades to be repaired To surround the BLISK with a housing and to protect neighboring blades with a copper sheet. After welding, the entire BLISK undergoes a heat treatment.

Bei einer in der US 4,851,188 beschriebenen Anordnung zum Beschichten der Spitzen der von einer herkömmlichen Rotorscheibe demontierten Laufschaufeln befinden sich die übrigen Schaufelteile innerhalb eines wärmereflektierenden und mit einem wärmeisolierenden Fasermaterial gefüllten Isoliergehäuses, während der Schaufelfuß in einer wassergekühlten Platte gehalten ist.At one in the US 4,851,188 The arrangement described for coating the tips of the blades removed from a conventional rotor disk, the remaining blade parts are within a heat-reflecting and filled with a heat-insulating fiber material insulating housing, while the blade root is held in a water-cooled plate.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Beschichtungs- oder Wärmebehandlungsverfahren sowie die zur Durchführung des Verfahrens erforderliche Vorrichtung so auszubilden, dass die Schaufelblätter mehrfach repariert und wärmebehandelt oder beschichtet werden können, aber dadurch die Lebensdauer der BLISK-Scheibe als Ganzes nicht beeinträchtigt wird.The invention is based on the object, the coating or heat treatment process and the implementation of the Process required device in such a way that the blades can be repeatedly repaired and heat treated or coated, but thereby the life of the BLISK disc as a whole is not affected.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie mit einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch gelöst. Aus den Unteransprüchen ergeben sich vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung.According to the invention the object is achieved by a method according to the features of patent claim 1 and with a device for carrying out the method according to claim. From the dependent claims, advantageous embodiments of the invention.

Gemäß dem vorgeschlagenen Verfahren werden bei der bei hoher Temperatur stattfindenden Hartstoffbeschichtung oder einer Wärmebehandlung der Schaufelblätter nur diese der hohen Temperatur ausgesetzt, während die übrigen Scheibenteile gegenüber der heißen Umgebung isoliert und partiell durch Wärmeübergang auf ein festes Medium und ein fließfähiges Kühlmedium gekühlt werden und somit die maximale Betriebstemperatur nicht überschreiten. Der erfinderische Grundgedanke besteht mit anderen Worten in der Wärmebehandlung/Beschichtung des einen Scheibenteils bei gleichzeitiger Kühlung und Isolierung des anderen Scheibenteils. Die im Betrieb hochbelastete Scheibe behält daher auch nach mehrfacher Wärmebehandlung oder Beschichtung ihre volle Funktionsfähigkeit und erreicht eine lange Lebensdauer. Andererseits wird die Funktionsfähigkeit der weniger belasteten Schaufelblätter durch die Wärmeeinwirkung nicht beeinträchtigt. Durch die so gegebene Möglichkeit der Hartstoffbeschichtung oder der Wärmebehandlung reparierter Schaufelblätter ist eine lange Lebensdauer der BLISK-Schaufeln gewährleistet.According to the proposed method, in the case of the high-temperature hard coating or heat treatment of the blades, only these are exposed to the high temperature, while the remaining disk parts are insulated from the hot environment and partially cooled by heat transfer to a solid medium and a flowable cooling medium and thus the do not exceed maximum operating temperature. The inventive idea is in other words in the heat treatment / coating of a disc part while cooling and insulation of the other disc part. The heavily loaded disk during operation therefore retains its full functionality even after repeated heat treatment or coating and achieves a long service life. On the other hand, the functionality of the less loaded blades is not affected by the heat. The possibility of hard material coating or the heat treatment of repaired airfoils ensures a long service life of the BLISK blades.

Die Kühlvorrichtung zur Durchführung des oben angegebenen Verfahrens umfasst zwei oder mehrere an den Außenflächen wärmeisolierte Kühlplatten, nämlich eine Bodenkühlplatte und eine Deckkühlplatte sowie - bei mehr als einer zu behandelnden BLISK-Scheibe - mindestens eine Zwischenkühlplatte. Die Kühlplatten weisen am Umfang Tragflansche auf, deren Stirnseiten mit den Stirnseiten der Schaufelplattform in Wirkverbindung stehen und durch Wärmeübergang von der Schaufelplattform auf den Tragflansch als festes Kühlmittel dienen. Eine weitere Kühlung erfolgt mit einem über in den Kühlplatten ausgebildete Kühlmittelkanäle zugeführten fließfähigen Kühlmedium, das sowohl die Innenflächen der Tragflansche der Kühlplatten als auch die Innenflächen der Schaufelplattform kühlt. Während also die Schaufelblätter der BLISK-Scheiben einer zur Wärmebehandlung nach Reparaturarbeiten oder zur Hartstoffbeschichtung erforderlichen hohen Temperatur unterworfen werden, können die anderen Scheibenteile auf einer niedrigen Temperatur gehalten werden, die ohne negative Wirkung auf die Eigenschaften der Scheibe und damit deren Funktion und Lebensdauer ist.The cooling device for carrying out the above-mentioned method comprises two or more cooling plates thermally insulated on the outer surfaces, namely a bottom cooling plate and a cover cooling plate and, in the case of more than one BLISK disc to be treated, at least one intermediate cooling plate. The cooling plates have at the periphery supporting flanges whose end faces with the end faces of the blade platform in operative connection stand and serve by heat transfer from the blade platform on the support flange as a solid coolant. Further cooling takes place with a flowable cooling medium supplied via coolant channels formed in the cooling plates, which cools both the inner surfaces of the support flanges of the cooling plates and the inner surfaces of the blade platform. Thus, while the blades of the BLISK discs are subjected to a high temperature required for heat treatment after repair or hard coating, the other disc members can be maintained at a low temperature which has no adverse effect on the properties of the disc and thus its function and life.

In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst eine Kühlplatte einen Innenringkanal, über den das Kühlfluid zugeführt wird, und einen mit diesem über die Kühlmittelkanäle verbundenen Außenringkanal mit an diesen angeschlossenen Dralldüsen. Mittels der Dralldüsen kann das Kühlfluid unmittelbar auf die Innenflächen der Tragflansche und der Schaufelplattform gerichtet werden. Sofern die Kühlplatte als Zwischenkühlplatte zwischen zwei benachbarten BLISK-Scheiben dient, sind die Dralldüsen auch in entgegengesetzter Richtung angeordnet, um beide Tragflansche und beide Schaufelplattformen mit dem Kühlfluid beaufschlagen zu können.In an embodiment of the invention, a cooling plate comprises an inner ring channel, via which the cooling fluid is supplied, and an outer ring channel connected thereto via the coolant channels with swirl nozzles connected thereto. By means of the swirl nozzles, the cooling fluid can be directed directly to the inner surfaces of the support flanges and the blade platform. If the cooling plate serves as an intermediate cooling plate between two adjacent BLISK disks, the swirl nozzles are also arranged in the opposite direction in order to be able to apply the cooling fluid to both support flanges and both blade platforms.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist den Kühlmittelkanälen ein Volumenregelungsmittel vorgeschaltet, das vorzugsweise aus zwei aneinandergrenzenden Stellringen mit Schlitzöffnungen besteht. Der Grad der Überdeckung der Schlitzöffnungen bestimmt das dem Tragflansch und der Schaufelplattform jeweils zugeführte Kühlmittelvolumen.
Die Wärmeisolierung der Kühlplatten gegenüber der heißen Hartstoffbeschichtungs- bzw. Wärmebehandlungsatmosphäre erfolgt mit an deren Außenflächen befestigten Wärmeschutzschilden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the coolant channels upstream of a volume control means, which preferably consists of two adjoining collars with slot openings. The degree of overlap of the slot openings determines the coolant volume supplied to the support flange and the blade platform, respectively.
The thermal insulation of the cooling plates with respect to the hot hard coating or heat treatment atmosphere is carried out with attached to the outer surfaces heat shields.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind auch an bestimmten Innenflächen der Kühlplatten, die mit dem erwärmten Kühlfluid in Kontakt kommen, Wärmeschutzschilde angebracht. An den Haltemitteln für diese Wärmeschutzschilde sind Leitelemente vorgesehen, die das erwärmte Fluid von den Wärmeschutzschilden weg leiten.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, heat shields are also attached to certain inner surfaces of the cooling plates, which come into contact with the heated cooling fluid. On the holding means for these heat shields guide elements are provided which direct the heated fluid away from the heat shields.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine teilweise Darstellung einer Kühlvorrichtung für zwei BLISK-Scheiben des Hochdruckverdichters einer Fluggasturbine in einer Schnittansicht; und
Fig. 2
einen Längsschnitt durch eine zwischen zwei BLISK-Scheiben angeordnete Zwischenkühlplatte der Kühlvorrichtung nach Fig. 1.
An embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a partial representation of a cooling device for two BLISK discs of the high-pressure compressor of an aircraft gas turbine in a sectional view; and
Fig. 2
a longitudinal section through an arranged between two BLISK discs intermediate cooling plate of the cooling device according to Fig. 1 ,

Eine aus einem Stück bestehende BLISK-Scheibe 1 für den Verdichter einer Fluggasturbine umfasst eine Scheibe 1' mit Anschlussarmen 2, einer Schaufelplattform 3 und an dieser einstückig angeformten Schaufelblättern 4. Bei einer für den Verschleißschutz vorgesehenen Beschichtung der Schaufelblätter 4 mit Carbiden oder Nitriden oder bei einer auf eine Schaufelreparatur folgenden Wärmebehandlung werden nur die Schaufelblätter 4 zur Wärmebehandlung bzw. zur Beschichtung in einem Verdampfungsverfahren in einem Ofen der erforderlichen Temperatur ausgesetzt, während die Erwärmung der nicht beschichteten Teile der BLISK-Scheibe 1 zwar auf eine höhere Temperatur als während des normalen Betriebes der Fluggasturbine erfolgt, aber entsprechend der jeweils verwendeten Titanlegierung, zum Beispiel Ti64 oder Ti6246, eine maximal zulässige Temperatur von 320°C bzw. 350°C nicht überschreitet. Zu diesem Zweck sind die BLISK-Scheiben 1 mit Ausnahme der Schaufelblätter 4 in der nachfolgend beschriebenen Kühlvorrichtung untergebracht bzw. gehalten.A one-piece BLISK disc 1 for the compressor of an aircraft gas turbine comprises a disc 1 'with connecting arms 2, a blade platform 3 and integrally formed thereon blades 4 at a provided for the wear protection coating of the blades 4 with carbides or nitrides or at In a heat treatment following a blade repair, only the blades 4 for heat treatment or coating are subjected to the required temperature in an evaporation process in an oven, while the heating of the uncoated portions of the BLISK sheet 1 is at a higher temperature than during normal operation the aircraft gas turbine takes place, but according to the titanium alloy used in each case, for example Ti64 or Ti6246, a maximum allowable temperature of 320 ° C or 350 ° C does not exceed. For this purpose, the BLISK discs 1 except for the blades 4 are housed or held in the cooling device described below.

Die hier am Beispiel von zwei zu behandelnden BLISK-Scheiben dargestellte Kühlvorrichtung umfasst drei Kühlplatten 5 bis 7, nämlich eine Bodenkühlplatte 5, eine Deckkühlplatte 7 und eine zwischen den beiden BLISK-Scheiben 1 angeordnete Zwischenkühlplatte6. Bei mehr als zwei BLISK-Scheiben 1 ist die Anzahl der Zwischenkühlplatten 6 entsprechend größer. Die Zwischenkühlplatten weisen eine zentrische Durchlassöffnung 27 auf. Die drei Kühlplatten 5 bis 7 umfassen jeweils einen Innenringkanal 8 und einen Zwischenringkanal 9, die über ein Volumenregelungsmittel 10 zur Regelung des Kühlmedienstroms miteinander verbunden sind. Das Volumenregelungsmittel 10 besteht aus einem ersten Stellring 11 mit Schlitzöffnungen 12 und einem zweiten Stellring 13 mit Schlitzöffnungen 14. Die notwendige Regelung des für die in einer Kühlvorrichtung in unterschiedlicher Höhe angeordneten BLISK-Scheiben 1 voneinander abweichenden Kühlmittelvolumens erfolgt durch Verstellen der Stellringe 11, 13 relativ zueinander und den dadurch einstellbaren Deckungsgrad der Schlitzöffnungen 12 und 14.The cooling device shown here on the example of two BLISK panes to be treated comprises three cooling plates 5 to 7, namely a bottom cooling plate 5, a cover cooling plate 7 and an intermediate cooling plate 6 arranged between the two BLISK panes 1. For more than two BLISK discs 1, the number of intermediate cooling plates 6 is correspondingly larger. The intermediate cooling plates have a central passage opening 27. The three cooling plates 5 to 7 each comprise an inner ring channel 8 and an intermediate ring channel 9, which are connected to each other via a volume control means 10 for controlling the cooling medium flow. The volume control means 10 consists of a first adjusting ring 11 with slot openings 12 and a second adjusting ring 13 with slot openings 14. The necessary regulation of the cooling volume arranged in a cooling device at different levels BLISK discs 1 different coolant volume by adjusting the collars 11, 13 relative to each other and thereby adjustable degree of coverage of the slot openings 12 and 14th

Die Kühlplatten 5 bis 7 weisen des Weiteren einen Außenringkanal 15 auf. Über vom Umfang des Zwischenringkanals 9 ausgehende radiale Kühlmittelkanäle 16 ist der Zwischenringkanal 9 mit dem Außenringkanal 15 verbunden. Die gekrümmt verlaufenden Kühlmittelkanäle 16 münden tangential in den Außenringkanal 15. Der in der Bodenkühlplatte 5 ausgebildete Innenringkanal 8 ist mit einem in der Bodenkühlplatte 5 vorgesehenen Kühlmediumanschluss 17 verbunden, und der Innenringkanal 8 der Zwischenkühlplatte 6 ist jeweils über eine Medienzuleitung 18 mit den Innenringkanälen 8 sowohl der Bodenkühlplatte 5 als auch der Deckkühlplatte 7 verbunden. Im Bereich der Mündung der Kühlmittelkanäle 16 in den Außenringkanal 15 sind schräg angeordnete Dralldüsen 19 ausgebildet. Bei der Zwischenkühlplatte 6 gehen die Dralldüsen 19 von beiden Seiten des Außenringkanals 15 aus.The cooling plates 5 to 7 furthermore have an outer ring channel 15. About the circumference of the intermediate ring channel 9 outgoing radial coolant channels 16 of the intermediate ring channel 9 is connected to the outer ring channel 15. The curved coolant channels 16 open tangentially into the outer ring channel 15. The formed in the bottom cooling plate 5 inner ring channel 8 is connected to a provided in the bottom cooling plate 5 cooling medium connection 17, and the inner ring channel 8 of the intermediate cooling plate 6 is both via a media supply line 18 with the inner ring channels 8 both the bottom cooling plate 5 and the cover cooling plate 7 connected. In the region of the mouth of the coolant channels 16 in the outer ring channel 15 obliquely arranged swirl nozzles 19 are formed. In the intermediate cooling plate 6, the swirl nozzles 19 extend from both sides of the outer ring channel 15.

Die BLISK-Schaufeln 1 sind an der Stirnseite ihrer Schaufelplattform 3 zwischen Tragflanschen 20 gehalten, die an der Bodenkühlplatte 5 und an der Deckkühlplatte 7 jeweils einseitig angeformt sind und von der Zwischenkühlplatte 6 nach beiden Seiten abstreben. Die Tragflansche 20 stehen in engem, wärmeleitendem Kontakt mit der Schaufelplattform 3, um von der Schaufelplattform 3 möglichst viel Wärme abzuführen. Zur Erhöhung der Kühlwirkung des Kühlmediums an den drei Kühlplatten 5 bis 7 ist an der Außenumfangswand der Außenringkanäle 17 und an der druckseitigen Außenwand der Drallkanäle 16 zur Vergrößerung der Kühlfläche eine Oberflächenstrukturierung 25 vorgesehen. Außerdem sind an den Außenflächen der Kühlplatten 5 bis 7, das heißt, an den Außenseiten der Tragflansche 20 und der Oberseite der Deckkühlplatte 7, Wärmeschutzschilde 21 angebracht, um eine Wärmeübertragung von außen auf die Kühlplatten 3 bis 5 zu verhindern oder möglichst gering zu halten. Weitere Wärmeschutzschilde 22 sind an den parallel gegenüberliegenden Innenflächen der Kühlplatten 5 bis 7 vorgesehen. Die Wärmeschutzschilde 21, 22 können an der Innenseite mit einem wärmeisolierenden Werkstoff 26 unterfüttert sein. Die Wärmeschutzschilde 22 sind mit Haltemitteln 23 befestigt, die so geformt sind, dass erwärmtes Kühlmedium von dem Wärmeschutzschild 22 weggeleitet wird. In der Bodenkühlplatte 5 befindet sich ein Kühlmediumauslass 24.The BLISK blades 1 are held on the front side of their blade platform 3 between support flanges 20, which on the bottom cooling plate 5 and the cover cooling plate 7 each one-sided are molded and strive from the intermediate cooling plate 6 to both sides. The support flanges 20 are in close, heat-conducting contact with the blade platform 3 in order to dissipate as much heat as possible from the blade platform 3. To increase the cooling effect of the cooling medium on the three cooling plates 5 to 7, a surface structuring 25 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the outer ring channels 17 and on the pressure-side outer wall of the swirl channels 16 to increase the cooling surface. In addition, on the outer surfaces of the cooling plates 5 to 7, that is, on the outer sides of the support flanges 20 and the top of the deck cooling plate 7, heat shields 21 are mounted to prevent heat transfer from the outside to the cooling plates 3 to 5 or minimize. Further heat shields 22 are provided on the parallel opposite inner surfaces of the cooling plates 5 to 7. The heat shields 21, 22 may be lined on the inside with a heat-insulating material 26. The heat shields 22 are fixed with holding means 23, which are shaped so that heated cooling medium is led away from the heat shield 22. In the bottom cooling plate 5 is a Kühlmediumauslass 24th

Die Funktion der zuvor beschriebenen Kühlvorrichtung wird wie folgt erläutert:The function of the cooling device described above is explained as follows:

In einer Plasmadampfbeschichtungskammer wird auf die über den Kühlmediumanschluss 17 an eine Kühlmediumquelle (nicht dargestellt) angeschossene Bodenkühlplatte 5 zunächst die erste BLISK-Scheibe 1 abgelegt und auf diese die Zwischenkühlscheibe 6 gelegt. Danach wird die zweite BLISK-Scheibe 1 auf die Zwischenkühlplatte 6 gesetzt. Den oberen Abschluss bildet schließlich die Deckkühlplatte 7. Mit dem Aufbau der Kühlvorrichtung in der zuvor beschriebenen Weise wird die Verbindung zwischen den Innenringkanälen 8 der drei Kühlplatten 5 bis 7 über die Medienzuleitung 18 hergestellt. Die Schaufelblätter 4 der beiden BLISK-Scheiben 1 liegen somit frei in der Plasmadampfbeschichtungskammer, während die übrigen Teile der BLISK-Scheibe, abgesehen von der an die Schaufelblätter 4 angrenzenden Außenfläche der Schaufelplattform 3, in dem von den Kühlplatten 5 bis 7 eingeschlossenen, durch äußere Wärmeschutzschilde 21 isolierten Raum liegen.In a plasma vapor coating chamber, first the first BLISK disc 1 is deposited on the bottom cooling plate 5, which is not shown above the cooling medium connection 17 to a cooling medium source, and the intermediate cooling disc 6 is placed on it. Thereafter, the second BLISK disc 1 is placed on the intermediate cooling plate 6. Finally, the deck cooling plate 7 forms the upper end. With the construction of the cooling device in the manner described above, the connection between the inner ring channels 8 of the three cooling plates 5 to 7 is established via the media feed line 18. The blades 4 of the two BLISK discs 1 are thus free in the plasma vapor deposition chamber, while the remaining parts of the BLISK disc, apart from the outer surface of the blade platform 3 adjoining the blades 4, in which space enclosed by the cooling plates 5 to 7 is insulated by outer heat shields 21.

Das Kühlmedium gelangt über den Kühlmediumanschluss 17 und die Medienzuleitungen 18 in den Innenringkanal 8 der Bodenkühlplatte 5, der Zwischenkühlplatte 6 und der Deckkühlplatte 7. Aus dem Innenringkanal 8 strömt das Kühlmedium über das Volumenregelungsmittel 10, das heißt, die Schlitzöffnungen 12 und 14 in den einstellbaren Stellringen 11, 13, in den jeweiligen Zwischenringkanal 9 und von dort in die Kühlmittelkanäle 16 und schließlich in die jeweiligen Außenringkanäle 15 der drei Kühlplatten 5 bis 7. Das aus den Dralldüsen 19 austretende Kühlmedium strömt entlang der Tragflansche 20 der Kühlplatten sowie der Schaufelplattform 3 und der Anschlussarme 2 der BLISK-Scheibe 1 und gelangt über die als Leitelemente ausgebildeten Haltemittel 23 für die inneren Wärmeschutzschilde 22 in den Raum zwischen jeweils benachbarten Kühlplatten 5 und 6 sowie 6 und 7. Das erwärmte Kühlmedium strömt schließlich über den Kühlmediumauslass 24 nach außen. Es kann mit Hilfe von Wärmetauschern (nicht dargestellt) abgekühlt und wieder in den Kühlprozess eingegliedert werden. Die den Schaufelblättern 4 am nächsten liegende und dadurch einer sehr hohen Wärmebelastung ausgesetzte Schaufelplattform 3 wird einerseits durch den wärmeleitenden Kontakt mit den intensiv gekühlten Tragflanschen 20 und außerdem unmittelbar durch den Kühlmediumstrom gekühlt. Dadurch wird - abgesehen von den Schaufelblättern - die maximale Betriebstemperatur des Werkstoffs der BLISK-Scheibe nicht überschritten und somit auch bei mehrfacher, durch Reparatur oder Hartstoffbeschichtung bedingter Wärmebehandlung der Schaufelblätter eine lange Lebensdauer der BLISK-Scheibe erreicht.The cooling medium passes through the cooling medium connection 17 and the media supply lines 18 in the inner ring channel 8 of the bottom cooling plate 5, the intermediate cooling plate 6 and the cover cooling plate 7. From the inner ring channel 8, the cooling medium flows through the volume control means 10, that is, the slot openings 12 and 14 in the adjustable Adjusting rings 11, 13, in the respective intermediate ring channel 9 and from there into the coolant channels 16 and finally into the respective outer ring channels 15 of the three cooling plates 5 to 7. The emerging from the swirl nozzles 19 cooling medium flows along the support flanges 20 of the cooling plates and the blade platform 3 and the connecting arms 2 of the BLISK disc 1 and passes through the formed as a guide elements holding means 23 for the inner heat shields 22 in the space between each adjacent cooling plates 5 and 6 and 6 and 7. The heated cooling medium finally flows through the Kühlmediumauslass 24 to the outside. It can be cooled by means of heat exchangers (not shown) and re-incorporated into the cooling process. The blade platform 3 closest to the blades 4 and thus exposed to a very high heat load is cooled on the one hand by the heat-conducting contact with the intensively cooled support flanges 20 and also directly by the cooling medium flow. As a result, the maximum operating temperature of the material of the BLISK disc is not exceeded, with the exception of the blade blades, and thus a long service life of the BLISK disc is achieved even with multiple heat treatment of the blade blades caused by repair or hard coating.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
BLISK-ScheibeBlisk disk
1'1'
Scheibedisc
22
Anschlussarmeterminal arms
33
Schaufelplattformblade platform
44
Schaufelblattairfoil
55
Bodenkühlplatte (Kühlplatte)Floor cooling plate (cooling plate)
66
Zwischenkühlplatte (Kühlplatte)Intermediate cooling plate (cooling plate)
77
Deckkühlplatte (Kühlplatte)Cover cooling plate (cooling plate)
88th
InnenringkanalInner ring channel
99
ZwischenringkanalBetween annular channel
1010
VolumenregelungsmittelVolume control means
1111
Erster StellringFirst collar
1212
Schlitzöffnungslot opening
1313
Zweiter StellringSecond collar
1414
Schlitzöffnungslot opening
1515
AußenringkanalOuter ring channel
1616
KühlmittelkanäleCoolant channels
1717
KühlmediumanschlussCooling medium connection
1818
Medienzuleitungmedia supply
1919
Dralldüsenswirl
2020
Tragflanschflange
2121
Wärmeschutzschild außenHeat shield outside
2222
Wärmeschutzschild innenHeat shield inside
2323
Haltemittel (Leitelement)Holding means (guide element)
2424
Kühlmediumauslasscoolant outlet
2525
Oberflächenstrukturierungsurface structuring
2626
Isolierwerkstoff v. 21/22Insulating material v. 21/22
2727
Durchlassöffnung v. 6Passage opening v. 6

Claims (10)

  1. Method for elevated-temperature hard-material coating or heat treatment of the blade airfoils of BLISKS for aircraft gas turbines, characterized in that the BLISKS are, as a whole, loaded in a heat treatment furnace or a coating cabinet at the required heat-treatment or coating temperature, and in that the parts of the BLISK, other than the blade airfoils, are insulated against the furnace atmosphere and are partially cooled with a solid and a liquid cooling medium, while the blade airfoils are exposed to the high temperature necessary for coating or heat treatment.
  2. Apparatus for the performance of the method according to Claim 1, characterized by two or more cooling plates (5 to 7) which are thermally insulated at the outer surfaces, and between which the front faces of the blade platform(s) (3) of the BLISK(S) (1) are heat-conductively located on supporting flanges (20), and which are provided in their inner with radial cooling medium channels (16) connected to a cooling medium source to apply a cooling medium to the inner surfaces of the supporting flanges (20) and of the blade platforms (3).
  3. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 2, characterized in that the cooling plates comprise a bottom cooling plate (5) and a top cooling plate (7), each with a supporting flange (20) extending on the outer circumference and, if two or more BLISKS (1) are processed, with at least one intermediate cooling plate (6) with two supporting flanges (20), each provided on the outer circumference and facing in opposite directions, and in that a cooling medium connection (17) and a cooling medium outlet (24) are provided in the bottom cooling plate (5).
  4. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 2, characterized in that the cooling medium channels (16) are provided as curved swirler channels connecting an intermediate annular channel (9) and an outer annular channel (15) extending on the outer circumference of the cooling plates, and in that an inner annular channel (8) is arranged upstream of the intermediate annular channel (9) via a volume control device (10), with the inner annular channel (8) being connected to a medium supply line (18).
  5. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 4, characterized in that circumferentially distributed swirler nozzles (19) are provided which are directed from the outer annular channel (15) to the supporting flanges (20) and the blade platform(s).
  6. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 4, characterized in that the volume control device (10) comprises a first and a second setting ring (11, 13), each provided with slotted ports (12, 14).
  7. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 4, characterized in that the outer annular channel (15) is provided with a surface texture (25) on its radial circumferential surface to increase the cooling effect on the opposite outer surface of the cooling plate (5 to 7).
  8. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 2, characterized in that heat shields (21) are provided on the outer surfaces of the cooling plates (5 to 7) for thermal insulation against the coating or heat-treatment medium.
  9. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 2, characterized in that heat shields (22) are provided on the horizontal inner surfaces of the cooling plates (5 to 7) for thermal insulation against the heated cooling medium.
  10. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 9, characterized in that the inner heat shields (22) are attached with retainers (23) which feature guiding elements for removing the heated cooling medium from the inner heat shields (22).
EP04078135A 2003-11-28 2004-11-11 Process and device for coating or heat treating blade integrated disks for aircraft gas turbines Ceased EP1536025B8 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10356679 2003-11-28
DE10356679A DE10356679A1 (en) 2003-11-28 2003-11-28 Process and apparatus for coating or heat treating BLISK aircraft gas turbine disks

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EP1536025B1 true EP1536025B1 (en) 2008-09-03
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Also Published As

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EP1536025B8 (en) 2009-01-07
EP1536025A1 (en) 2005-06-01
US8029865B2 (en) 2011-10-04
US20100034974A1 (en) 2010-02-11
DE10356679A1 (en) 2005-07-21
DE502004007973D1 (en) 2008-10-16
US7413610B2 (en) 2008-08-19
US20050271512A1 (en) 2005-12-08

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