EP1535378B1 - Schutzvorrichtung in einem elektrischen verteilungsnetz - Google Patents

Schutzvorrichtung in einem elektrischen verteilungsnetz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1535378B1
EP1535378B1 EP03758209A EP03758209A EP1535378B1 EP 1535378 B1 EP1535378 B1 EP 1535378B1 EP 03758209 A EP03758209 A EP 03758209A EP 03758209 A EP03758209 A EP 03758209A EP 1535378 B1 EP1535378 B1 EP 1535378B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protection device
electrodes
housing
electric arc
splitting device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03758209A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1535378A2 (de
Inventor
Boris Gautier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB France SAS
Original Assignee
Soule Protection Surtensions SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Soule Protection Surtensions SA filed Critical Soule Protection Surtensions SA
Publication of EP1535378A2 publication Critical patent/EP1535378A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1535378B1 publication Critical patent/EP1535378B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general technical field of equipment protection devices or electrical installations, such as electrical appliances, circuits or distribution networks, against power supply disturbances.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a protection device of a distribution network of electrical energy against voltage disturbances, such as overvoltages, in particular due to a lightning strike.
  • the present invention relates to a device for protecting a distribution network of electrical energy against overvoltages due in particular to a lightning strike, this protection device comprising a first electrode electrically connected to the network to be protected, a second electrode connected to a flow conductor towards earth, and focusing means adapted to guide an electric arc generated between the two electrodes to a fractionation device, said device comprising a housing in which are housed the two electrodes, the focusing means and the device fractionating, this housing being in communication with the outside through at least one evacuation channel designed to significantly lower the temperature of the gases generated by the formation of the electric arc.
  • Such a device comprises two electrodes, one electrically connected to the phase to be protected, and the other to a flow conductor to the earth. These two electrodes are separated by an air gap or an interval of dielectric material.
  • a lightning current arrives through the phase conductor to be protected and creates an overvoltage reaching a predetermined value, a breakdown occurs in the air space or along the dielectric material, and an electric arc occurs. between the two electrodes.
  • the short circuit thus formed allows the flow of lightning current to earth.
  • the first is that the discharge of the current through an electric arc causes a large release of hot gases or even flames, which can damage the immediate environment of the device.
  • the second lies in the fact that the generated electric arc causes a short circuit between the phase and the earth, and that this electric arc does not extinguish spontaneously after the passage of the lightning current.
  • a current, called current in succession, then continues to flow towards the ground and can cause the decommissioning of the installation.
  • the objects assigned to the invention therefore aim to remedy the various disadvantages listed above and to propose a new device for protecting an electrical energy distribution network against overvoltages which allows an excellent cooling of the hot gases generated during the operation, while being of particularly simple and reliable design.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a new device for protecting an electrical energy distribution network against overvoltages which has a particularly compact character and which can be connected to standard installations.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a new device for protecting an electrical energy distribution network against overvoltages whose level of security is enhanced.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a new device for protecting an electrical energy distribution network against overvoltages whose construction is particularly simple and inexpensive.
  • this protection device comprising a first electrode electrically connected. to the network to be protected, a second electrode connected to a flow conductor towards the ground, and focusing means adapted to guide an electric arc generated between the two electrodes to a fractionation device, said device comprising a housing in which are housed the two electrodes, the focusing means and the splitter device, this housing being in communication with the outside via at least one evacuation channel designed to substantially lower the temperature of the gases generated by the forming the electric arc, characterized in that said at least one evacuation channel has at least one chan section.
  • the present invention relates to a protection device 1, 101 of an electrical energy distribution network against overvoltages due in particular to a lightning strike, this protection device comprising a first electrode 3 electrically connected to the network to be protected, a second electrode 4 connected to a flow conductor towards earth, and focusing means 5 adapted to guide an electric arc generated between the two electrodes to a fractionation device 6.
  • Said device comprises a housing 2, 102 in which are housed the two electrodes 3, 4, the focusing means 5 and the splitter 6, this housing 2, 102 being in communication with the outside via at least one evacuation channel 7, 107 designed so as to present internal obstacles to the fluid and residue clearances resulting from the formation of the electric arc between the two electrodes.
  • each of these evacuation channels 7, 107 forms a pipe which makes it possible, on the one hand, to retain any particles of incandescent material inside the casing 2, and on the other hand, to lower the pressure , and therefore the temperature of the gases generated by the formation of the electric arc.
  • a protective device comprises a device of fractionation 6.
  • the internal obstacles presented by each of the evacuation channels 7, 107 consist of at least one baffle 20, 120 capable of forming an angle of between 45 ° and 180 ° and / or by at least one sectional change.
  • baffle is meant here a device changing the direction of the path of the gas, to ensure relaxation.
  • a baffle forming an angle of 90 ° thus corresponds to a turn substantially at right angles, while a baffle forming an angle of 180 ° will cause a half-turn of the gases.
  • the baffles can advantageously be realized by the arrangement of the channels 7, 107 themselves, by making them follow a sinuous path.
  • section change is meant here a variation of the cross section of the channel itself, which is obtained by changing the dimensions of the channel pipe.
  • said at least one channel 7, 107 extends substantially in the same plane as the fractionation device 6.
  • the axis of symmetry of the fractionation device 6 and the axis of symmetry of said at least one evacuation channel 7, 107 are substantially coplanar.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a protection device whose thickness E is substantially not controlled by the gas evacuation members 7, 107, but only by the "active " organs, such as the electrodes, the focusing and the splitting device.
  • the fractionation device 6 is disposed between the focusing means 5 and the inlet of each of the evacuation channels 7, 107.
  • the fractionation device 6 is made using a set of parallel metal plates 14. The latter can then be kept at a distance from each other by means of two blades 15 having orifices engaged in lateral lugs 16 carried by each of the metal plates 14.
  • the focusing means 5 define an inverted pyramidal space 10 between the electrodes 3, 4 and the fractionation device 6.
  • the focusing means 5 define an arc guiding space having substantially a divergent overall shape in the direction of the splitter. This divergent V-shape makes it possible to guide and route the electric arc towards the splitter device 6.
  • the housing 2 is made of a dielectric material, such as a thermosetting or thermoplastic material, such as polycarbonate.
  • a protection device 1 according to the invention as represented in FIGS. 1 and 2 is constituted from a housing 2 made of a dielectric material such as a thermosetting or thermoplastic material, such as polycarbonate.
  • This housing 2 contains in particular two electrodes 3, 4, focusing means 5, a splitting device 6 and two evacuation channels 7.
  • a dielectric part 9 is positioned between the electrodes 3, 4 which are housed in an inverted pyramidal space delimited by the focusing means 5. These are constituted using, on the one hand, two conductive parts 11 inclined in the form of "V" and converging, at their lower ends, towards the dielectric part 9, and secondly, two vertical conductive plates 12 facing each other on either side of the dielectric part 9 An insulating plate 13 is advantageously interposed between the conductive parts 11 and the conductive plates 12.
  • the conductive parts 11 are extended by parallel parts 17; the fractionating device 6 is fixed in the housing 2 overhanging the upper ends of the parts 11, between the parts 17.
  • This fractionating device 6 is produced by means of a set of parallel vertical metal plates 14 held at a distance. each other by means of two blades 15 which are situated on either side of the metal plates 14 and which have orifices engaged in lateral lugs 16 carried by each of the metal plates 14.
  • These plates 14 are substantially parallel to the parts 17 ; the distance between the end plates 14 and the corresponding parts 17 is substantially identical to the gap separating the plates 14.
  • One of the electrodes 3, 4 is connected to the electrical energy distribution network to be protected, the other to a flow conductor to the earth.
  • the two evacuation channels 7 correspond to recesses provided within the housing 2 and are symmetrical with respect to a vertical plane passing through the dielectric part 9. They each have a first horizontal section 18 of small section located overhanging the upper ends plates 14, at the output of the fractionation device 6. This first section 18 is transformed into a second vertical section 19 with enlarged section after passing through a baffle 20 forming an angle of about 90 °.
  • the second section 19 opens into a third vertical section 21 of even larger section having an axis of revolution offset towards the edge of the housing 2 relative to that of the second section 19.
  • this third section 21 opens into a fourth section 22 vertical of small section which, on the one hand, is in free communication with the outside of the housing 2, and on the other hand, has an axis of revolution offset towards the edge of the housing 2 relative to that of the third section 21.
  • protection device 101 differs mainly from protection device 1 in that it is provided with a housing 102 comprising two evacuation channels 107 of more complex shape.
  • Each evacuation channel 107 extends laterally relative to the fractionation device and is made from a first horizontal section 118 originating at the outlet of the fractionation device and transformed, as explained above, into a second section 119 vertical. descending after passing through a first baffle 120 forming an angle of about 90 °.
  • This second section 119 runs along the splitter and ends with a second baffle 122 forming an angle of the order of 45 °, and opens into a lower cavity 121 facing the housing center 102.
  • This cavity 121 is also connected to a third ascending vertical section 123 extending parallel to the second section 119, said third section being of length substantially equal to or close to that of said second section 119.
  • Said third section 123 opens, after passing through a third baffle 124 forming a angle of about 90 °, in a fourth horizontal section 125 of reduced section which is in free communication with the outside of the housing 102.
  • Chamfers may be provided at each of the baffles 120, 124 so as to modify the section of the channel 107, by decreasing it.
  • the general operation of the protection device 101 remains similar to that described above.
  • the invention also relates independently to a protection device (1, 101) of an electrical energy distribution network against overvoltages due in particular to a lightning strike, this protection device comprising a first electrode (3) connected electrically to the network to be protected, a second electrode (4) connected to a flow conductor to earth, and focusing means (5) adapted to guide an electric arc generated between the two electrodes to a fractionation device (6) , said device comprising a housing (2, 102) in which are housed the two electrodes, the focusing means and the splitting device, said housing being in communication with the outside via two evacuation channels disposed of substantially symmetrical manner with respect to the fractionating device, respectively on either side of the latter; said two channels extend substantially in the same plane as the splitter.
  • This entirely symmetrical configuration of the device makes it possible to gain particularly compactness.
  • the invention finds its industrial application in the design, manufacture and use of surge protection devices due in particular to a lightning strike.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Schutzvorrichtung (1, 101) eines Verteilernetzes für elektrische Energie vor Überspannungen, die insbesondere auf einen Blitzschlag zurückzuführen sind, wobei diese Schutzvorrichtung eine erste Elektrode (3) aufweist, die elektrisch mit dem zu schützenden Netz verbunden ist, eine zweite Elektrode (4), die mit einem Leiter für das Abfließen zur Erde verbunden ist, und Fokussierungsmittel (5), die einen elektrischen Bogen, der zwischen den zwei Elektroden erzeugt wird, zu einer Fraktionierungsvorrichtung (6) führen können, wobei die Vorrichtung ein Gehäuse (2, 102) aufweist, in dem die zwei Elektroden, die Fokussierungsmittel und die Fraktionierungsvorrichtung untergebracht sind, wobei dieses Gehäuse in Verbindung miL dem Äußeren steht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie mindestens einen Ableitungskanal (7, 107) aufweist, der so konzipiert ist, dass er die Temperatur der Gase, die durch das Bilden des elektrischen Bogens erzeugt werden, wesentlich senkt, wobei der mindestens eine Ableitungskanal (7) mindestens eine Querschnittsänderung aufweist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der mindestens eine Kanal (7, 107) im Wesentlichen in der gleichen Ebene erstreckt wie die Fraktionierungsvorrichtung (6).
  3. Schutzvorrichtung (1, 101) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der mindestens eine Ableitungskanal (7) mindestens eine Schikane (20, 120) aufweist.
  4. Schutzvorrichtung (1, 101) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine Schikane (20, 120) einen Winkel zwischen 45° und 180° bildet.
  5. Schutzvorrichtung (1, 101) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fraktionierungsvorrichtung (6) zwischen den Fokussierungsmitteln (5) und dem Eingang des Ableitungskanals (7) gebildet wird.
  6. Schutzvorrichtung (1, 101) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fraktionierungsvorrichtung (6) mit Hilfe einer Einheit paralleler metallischer Platten (14) gebildet wird.
  7. Schutzvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die metallischen Platten (14) voneinander miL Hilfe von zwei Plättchen (15) beabstandet gehalten werden, welche Öffnungen aufweisen, die seitliche Dorne (16) aufnehmen, die von jeder der metallischen Platten getragen werden.
  8. Schutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fokussierungsmittel (5) einen Bogenführungsraum definieren, der im Wesentlichen eine allgemein in Richtung der Fraktionierungsvorrichtung divergierende Form aufweist.
  9. Schutzvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ableitungskanal (107) mindestens einen ersten und einen zweiten Abschnitt (119, 123) aufweist, die im Wesentlichen parallel sind und eine im Wesentlichen gleiche Länge oder zumindest ähnliche Länge haben, wobei die Abschnitte über einen Hohlraum (121) in Verbindung stehen.
  10. Schutzvorrichtung (1, 101) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der Ableitungskanal (107) seitlich in Bezug zur Fraktionierungsvorrichtung erstreckt.
  11. Schutzvorrichtung (1, 101) eines Verteilernetzes für elektrische Energie vor Überspannungen, die insbesondere auf einen Blitzschlag zurückzuführen sind, wobei diese Schutzvorrichtung eine erste Elektrode (3) aufweist, die elektrisch mit dem zu schützenden Netz verbunden ist, eine zweite Elektrode (4), die mit einem Leiter für das Abfließen zur Erde verbunden ist, und Fokussierungsmittel (5), die einen elektrischen Bogen, der zwischen den zwei Elektroden erzeugt wird, zu einer Fraktionierungsvorrichtung (6) führen können, wobei die Vorrichtung ein Gehäuse (2, 102) aufweist, in dem die zwei Elektroden, die Fokussierungsmittel (5) und die Fraktionierungsvorrichtung (6) untergebracht sind, wobei das Gehäuse (2, 102) in Verbindung mit dem Äußeren steht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zwei Ableitungskanäle aufweist, die so konzipiert sind, dass sie die Temperatur der Gase, die durch das Bilden des elektrischen Bogens erzeugt werden, wesentlich senken, und die im Wesentlichen symmetrisch zu beiden Seiten der Fraktionierungsvorrichtung (6) angeordnet sind, wobei sich die Kanäle im Wesentlichen in der gleichen Ebene wie die Fraktionierungsvorrichtung (6) erstrecken.
EP03758209A 2002-08-05 2003-08-05 Schutzvorrichtung in einem elektrischen verteilungsnetz Expired - Lifetime EP1535378B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0209945A FR2843243B1 (fr) 2002-08-05 2002-08-05 Dispositif de protection d'un reseau de distribution d'energie electrique
FR0209945 2002-08-05
PCT/FR2003/002465 WO2004015830A2 (fr) 2002-08-05 2003-08-05 Dispositif de protection d'un reseau de distribution d'energie electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1535378A2 EP1535378A2 (de) 2005-06-01
EP1535378B1 true EP1535378B1 (de) 2007-03-07

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ID=30129692

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EP03758209A Expired - Lifetime EP1535378B1 (de) 2002-08-05 2003-08-05 Schutzvorrichtung in einem elektrischen verteilungsnetz

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US20060104003A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1535378B1 (de)
CN (1) CN100438241C (de)
AT (1) ATE356455T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003274226A1 (de)
BR (1) BR0305739B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60312339T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2283817T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2843243B1 (de)
MX (1) MXPA05001318A (de)
PL (1) PL375498A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2005106242A (de)
WO (1) WO2004015830A2 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200501751B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012016804A1 (de) 2010-08-04 2012-02-09 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Hörnerfunkenstrecken-blitzstromableiter mit deionkammer

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2873511B1 (fr) * 2004-07-21 2006-12-29 Soule Prot Surtensions Sa Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions, les surcharges ou les courts-circuits a pouvoir de coupure ameliore
FR2873865B1 (fr) * 2004-07-27 2006-11-10 Soule Prot Surtensions Sa Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions a pouvoir de coupure ameliore
FR2880468B1 (fr) * 2005-01-04 2007-04-06 Soule Prot Surtensions Sa Appareil de protection d'une installation electrique a capacite de coupure amelioree
DE102005015401B4 (de) * 2005-01-10 2014-03-20 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Überspannungsableiter mit zwei divergierenden Elektroden und einer zwischen den Elektroden wirkenden Funkenstrecke
FR2907606B1 (fr) * 2006-10-20 2009-01-09 Soule Prot Surtensions Sa Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions avec plages de raccordement et electrodes monoblocs.
DE102009048671A1 (de) * 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung mit zumindest zwei separaten Schaltpolgehäusen und mit einer Verbindungseinrichtung zum Verbinden der Schaltpolgehäuse sowie mehrpoliges elektrisches Schaltgerät mit einer derartigen Anordnung
DE102010025041A1 (de) 2010-06-22 2011-12-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schalter, insbesondere Lasttrennschalter für Niederspannungen
DE102011102257B4 (de) * 2010-08-04 2016-05-19 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Hörnerfunkenstrecke mit Deionkammer
CN102088796A (zh) * 2010-12-25 2011-06-08 江西九江供电公司 一种配电网无线通信系统
FR3143893B1 (fr) * 2022-12-16 2024-11-01 Citel Eclateur à gaz à forte capacité d’extinction du courant de suite

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FR2575861B1 (fr) * 1985-01-07 1987-01-16 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur electrique miniature a chambre de formation d'arc
DE3705216A1 (de) * 1987-02-19 1988-09-01 Geyer Gmbh & Co Christian Elektrischer leitungsschutzschalter
ES2207875T3 (es) * 1994-10-07 2004-06-01 PHOENIX CONTACT GMBH & CO. KG Elemento de proteccion contra sobretension.
EP0793318A1 (de) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-03 Felten & Guilleaume Austria Ag Überspannungs-Ableiteinrichtung
AT405112B (de) * 1997-02-12 1999-05-25 Felten & Guilleaume Ag Oester Überspannungsableiteinrichtung
IL135120A0 (en) * 2000-03-16 2001-05-20 Sapir Michael Apparatus for the detection and early warning of electrical arcing fault
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012016804A1 (de) 2010-08-04 2012-02-09 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Hörnerfunkenstrecken-blitzstromableiter mit deionkammer
DE102011051738A1 (de) 2010-08-04 2012-02-09 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Hörnerfunkenstrecken-Blitzstromableiter mit Deionkammer
DE102011051738B4 (de) 2010-08-04 2023-05-04 Dehn Se Hörnerfunkenstrecken-Blitzstromableiter mit Deionkammer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA200501751B (en) 2006-12-27
FR2843243B1 (fr) 2004-11-05
DE60312339T2 (de) 2007-12-20
CN1675810A (zh) 2005-09-28
PL375498A1 (en) 2005-11-28
WO2004015830A2 (fr) 2004-02-19
RU2005106242A (ru) 2005-10-10
BR0305739B1 (pt) 2014-05-13
EP1535378A2 (de) 2005-06-01
MXPA05001318A (es) 2005-10-06
ES2283817T3 (es) 2007-11-01
DE60312339D1 (de) 2007-04-19
AU2003274226A1 (en) 2004-02-25
BR0305739A (pt) 2004-09-28
WO2004015830A3 (fr) 2004-04-08
CN100438241C (zh) 2008-11-26
ATE356455T1 (de) 2007-03-15
US20060104003A1 (en) 2006-05-18
FR2843243A1 (fr) 2004-02-06

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