EP1533585A2 - Heat exchanger plate and heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger plate and heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1533585A2
EP1533585A2 EP04105885A EP04105885A EP1533585A2 EP 1533585 A2 EP1533585 A2 EP 1533585A2 EP 04105885 A EP04105885 A EP 04105885A EP 04105885 A EP04105885 A EP 04105885A EP 1533585 A2 EP1533585 A2 EP 1533585A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channels
category
heat exchanger
distributors
reliefs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04105885A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1533585B1 (en
EP1533585A3 (en
Inventor
Christophe Bouzon
Jean-Antoine Gruss
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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Publication of EP1533585A2 publication Critical patent/EP1533585A2/en
Publication of EP1533585A3 publication Critical patent/EP1533585A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1533585B1 publication Critical patent/EP1533585B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F7/00—Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
    • F28F7/02—Blocks traversed by passages for heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/16—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes extruded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/14—Fastening; Joining by using form fitting connection, e.g. with tongue and groove

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a plate heat exchanger, as well as a heat exchanger heat comprising at least one of these plates.
  • Heat exchangers are commonly used in several technical fields, such as transport, air conditioning, heat or batteries fuel. Many families also exist if we consider their structure, or the way in which fluid transport channels are built and willing.
  • the heat exchangers of which is part the invention include plates in which the Fluid transport channels are dug.
  • Such a structure offers the benefits of being compact while having good mechanical strength, especially with regard to high pressure fluids.
  • US 6 467 535 B1 where the plates include an outer envelope circumscribing a volume as partitions, a room with the envelope, divide into channels of flow two fluids.
  • Such plates can be manufactured in one piece by an extrusion process which, together with a sufficient thickness of the envelope and partitions, provides the desired resistance.
  • the invention relates firstly to a heat exchanger plate of particular shape and being easily adapted to connections by simple means.
  • the plate Heat exchanger includes an envelope exterior and partitions dividing a volume circumscribed by the envelope in channels, characterized what the envelope has reliefs, reliefs and the canals extending in the same direction longitudinal, a first category of canals extends into the reliefs, and the reliefs and the envelope are notched on a part in the longitudinal direction by opening the channels of the first category.
  • the reliefs can be established by two opposite sides of the envelope.
  • the heat exchanger comprises at least one of these plates in a stack, as well as a frame surrounding the stack and inlet ducts and fluid outlet through the frame and communicating to the channels, and it is remarkable in this that the ducts comprise on the one hand ducts communicating to the channels of the first category and extending from a first side of the frame, and secondly conduits communicating to a second category of channels (separated from the first by the partitions and carrying the other fluid) and extending from one second side of the frame that is different from the first.
  • the frame has four sides in rectangle, of which the first side and the second side cited, which are perpendicular to each other; both last sides, or any of them, can understand other fluid inlet and outlet ducts or connecting ducts between two plates.
  • the frame can also be simply made up of two independent parts at the ends of the ducts.
  • the lateral sealing of plates is made by assembling the reliefs lateral ends thereof.
  • the fundamental advantage of the invention is that the inlet and outlet ducts of two fluids are not intertwined or adjacent, but separate, the ducts leading to the channels extending into the reliefs being placed on one side of the plate, and the ducts leading to the other channels being placed on a longitudinal end side of the plate.
  • Channels in both categories can take different forms but it is advantageous that at least those of the first category have a oblong section, those of the second category having a section of more regular shape.
  • the exchange surface is increased if the channels have delimiting surfaces that are grooved in the longitudinal direction.
  • the plates are advantageously constructed by extrusion.
  • a heat exchanger plate compliant to the invention presents the section illustrated in FIG. 1, with an outer envelope 1 comprising 2 periodic reliefs projecting on two sides main 3 and 4 and opposite of this plate 5 and which extend in a longitudinal direction; the plaque 5 still includes partitions 6 extending from one side 3 to the other 4 under the reliefs 2, and also extending in the longitudinal direction.
  • These partitions 6 delimit channels 7 and 8, including those of a first category 7 extend under the reliefs 2 and in them, and those of a second category 8 extend between the reliefs 2 alternating with the precedents.
  • the first category channels 7 have a section substantially rectangular or oblong, and those second category 8 a section of more dimension regular.
  • Figure 2 illustrates by arrows A a fluid introduced on the plate 5 flows, by the notch 10 thus formed, in all first category channels 7, and also, on the second category channels 8, in channels of third category 9 extending between the reliefs 2.
  • One of the heat exchange fluids will follow actually these paths and the other will flow into the second category 8 channels according to the B arrows.
  • Notch 10 does not reach the second channels category 8, the fluids remain separate.
  • Channels 7 and 8 are shown substantially rectangular; other sections would be possible, as shown in Figure 3 and 4 illustrating first-class channels 7 elliptical and second category channels 8 respectively circular and elliptical; another type of development is that of Figure 5, which shows that channels 7 and 8 may have delimiting walls provided with micro-grooves 11 longitudinal lines giving them a serrated section increases the heat exchange surface between fluids. This provision will therefore be adopted before any on the sidewalls, which are the faces of partitions 6.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show a stack of plates 5, reliefs 2 of plates 5 stacked being in mutual support and closing the sections third category channels 9.
  • the interchange may be completed by a 12 frame assembled around the stack of plates 5 (which also includes two end plates, solid, not shown).
  • the frame 12 has four sides in a rectangle, and adjusts around the plates 5 by connecting to the channels 7 and 8. It is composed of elementary frames 15 of height at least equal to the plates 5, which they surround respectively and that are stacked like them.
  • the channels 8 of the second category are released by a machining beyond the notch 10 and fit into slots 40 machined in a first side 14 frames elementary 15.
  • a second side 16 of the frames elementary 15, adjacent to the previous, is pierced of orifices 41 opposite the notch 10. It will be noted that heat exchange is done from all sides channels 8 of the second category, to channels 7 and 9 of first and third category who surround it almost completely, and so it is very Well.
  • the tightness and cohesion of the exchanger of heat are provided by solders or collages 42 between the elementary frames 15.
  • the seal can also be made by welding in peripheral. The addition of seals is not needed elsewhere.
  • the whole is completed by distributors like the one in Figure 8.
  • the first side 14 receives an outlet distributor 18 of the second fluid and makes the second channels communicate category 8 with an outlet duct 19.
  • the second side 16 of the frame 12 receives a third distributor 23, which is an inlet distributor of the first fluid and communicates an inlet duct 24 to the orifices 41, at nicks 10 and at the channels of first and third category 7 and 9.
  • a fourth side 25 of the frame 12 receives an outlet distributor 26 of the first fluid provided with a conduit 27; this distributor 26 is at the longitudinal end opposite the distributor 23 previous stacking plates 5; distributors 23 and 26, and their connections and communications, are similar.
  • This device allows a flow to countercurrent in the heat exchanger.
  • a co-current flow configuration is also possible.
  • the distributors 18 and 23 are replaced by distributors 28 and 29 each having a conduit 30 or 31 and an outlet duct 32 or 33 with each communicates to a respective portion of the distributor and to a respective group of plates 5 and channels.
  • the other distributors 21 and 26 are replaced by boxes 34 and 35 allowing blind the passage of the respective fluid from one of the groups of plates 5 and channels to the other group.
  • the plates 5 can be constructed by an extrusion process using a material suitable, metallic or polymer, which gives a uniform unitary structure, then simple machining is accomplished to achieve the 10. It is possible to leave stops 36 to limit the depression of the plates 5 in the longitudinal ends of the frame. also mention the possibility, represented in Figure 10, to build the ends of the plates 5 in cross direction with shapes 37 and 38, to allow an assembly by abutment giving a resultant plaque more large.
  • a frame 12 surrounding construction completely the plates 5 is not necessary for build a heat exchanger. It is possible to use end pieces, placed only at the longitudinal ends of the plates. As in the previous realization, it would be possible to stack and to assemble pieces having the same height as the plates 5.
  • One of these pieces, comb-shaped, is shown in Figure 11 to reference 50. It is consisting of a lower reach 43 and teeth 44 se standing on it. Channels 8 of the second category fit again in slots 45, similar to crenals 40, separating the teeth 44.
  • the plate 5 is held in place by the lower reach 43 of a another end piece 50 that we put on the previous and who will receive another plate 5.
  • FIG. 12 An end piece 51 in the form of a plate gap, through which the ends of the second category channels 8 of all stacking plates 5, is illustrated in Figure 12.
  • This plate gap 51 is of unitary structure from the beginning.
  • Distributors similar to the previous ones can communicate to channels 7 and 9 of first and third category, even if the lateral sides of the stack of plates 5 are not coated.
  • the junctions of the plates 5 are soldered or glued, no sealing material not required.
  • the invention can be applied to Channels with a hydraulic diameter of about 0.5 mm, with a low manufacturing cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)

Abstract

The plate has an outer casing, and partitions separating a volume defined by the casing into channels for flow of fluids. The casing has flat regions (2), where the flat regions and the channels extend in a same longitudinal direction. The flat regions and the casing are provided in a notch (10) in a longitudinal direction by opening one channel that extends till the flat regions. An independent claim is also included for a heat exchanger having several plates.

Description

Le sujet de l'invention est une plaque d'échangeur de chaleur, ainsi qu'un échangeur de chaleur comprenant au moins une de ces plaques.The subject of the invention is a plate heat exchanger, as well as a heat exchanger heat comprising at least one of these plates.

Les échangeurs de chaleur sont couramment utilisés dans plusieurs domaines techniques, comme les transports, la climatisation, la thermique ou les piles à combustible. De nombreuses familles existent aussi si on considère leur structure, ou la façon dont les canaux de transport des fluides sont construits et disposés. Les échangeurs de chaleur dont fait partie l'invention comprennent des plaques dans lesquelles les canaux de transport de fluide sont creusés. Une telle structure offre les avantages d'être compacte tout en ayant une bonne résistance mécanique, notamment à l'égard de fluides à haute pression. Un exemple récent est décrit dans le document US 6 467 535 B1, où les plaques comprennent une enveloppe extérieure circonscrivant un volume que des cloisons, d'une pièce avec l'enveloppe, divisent en canaux d'écoulement des deux fluides. De telles plaques peuvent être fabriquées d'un seul tenant par un procédé d'extrusion qui, conjointement à une épaisseur suffisante de l'enveloppe et des cloisons, assure la résistance souhaitée.Heat exchangers are commonly used in several technical fields, such as transport, air conditioning, heat or batteries fuel. Many families also exist if we consider their structure, or the way in which fluid transport channels are built and willing. The heat exchangers of which is part the invention include plates in which the Fluid transport channels are dug. Such a structure offers the benefits of being compact while having good mechanical strength, especially with regard to high pressure fluids. A recent example is described in US 6 467 535 B1, where the plates include an outer envelope circumscribing a volume as partitions, a room with the envelope, divide into channels of flow two fluids. Such plates can be manufactured in one piece by an extrusion process which, together with a sufficient thickness of the envelope and partitions, provides the desired resistance.

Il subsiste cependant un problème de raccordement des canaux des plaques. Comme les canaux sont parallèles et adjacents, les conduits qui apportent les deux fluides à l'échangeur et les en emportent doivent l'être aussi, en alternant sur la largeur de la plaque, ce qui est très contraignant puisque le montage est délicat et que les conduits doivent aussi résister aux pressions de fluides, or il est improbable qu'on puisse les construire avec la même résistance que les canaux. Les raccordements deviennent ainsi les endroits faibles de l'échangeur de chaleur, sans qu'il soit possible de les renforcer.However, there is still a problem of connection of the channels of the plates. Like the canals are parallel and adjacent, the ducts that bring the two fluids to the exchanger and the take away must be too, alternating on the width of the plate, which is very restrictive since the assembly is delicate and the ducts must also withstand the pressures of fluids, but it is unlikely to be built with the same resistance than the channels. The connections become thus the weak places of the heat exchanger, without it being possible to strengthen them.

C'est pourquoi l'invention a été conçue : elle concerne d'abord une plaque d'échangeur de chaleur de forme particulière et se prêtant facilement à des raccordements par des moyens simples.This is why the invention was conceived: it relates firstly to a heat exchanger plate of particular shape and being easily adapted to connections by simple means.

Sous sa forme générale, la plaque d'échangeur de chaleur comprend une enveloppe extérieure et des cloisons divisant un volume circonscrit par l'enveloppe en canaux, caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe possède des reliefs, les reliefs et les canaux s'étendant dans une même direction longitudinale, une première catégorie des canaux s'étend jusque dans les reliefs, et les reliefs et l'enveloppe sont entaillés sur une partie dans la direction longitudinale en ouvrant les canaux de la première catégorie.In its general form, the plate Heat exchanger includes an envelope exterior and partitions dividing a volume circumscribed by the envelope in channels, characterized what the envelope has reliefs, reliefs and the canals extending in the same direction longitudinal, a first category of canals extends into the reliefs, and the reliefs and the envelope are notched on a part in the longitudinal direction by opening the channels of the first category.

Les reliefs peuvent être établis de deux côtés opposés de l'enveloppe.The reliefs can be established by two opposite sides of the envelope.

L'échangeur de chaleur comprend au moins une de ces plaques dans un empilement, ainsi qu'un cadre entourant l'empilement et des conduits d'entrée et de sortie de fluide traversant le cadre et communiquant aux canaux, et il est remarquable en ce que les conduits comprennent d'une part des conduits communiquant aux canaux de la première catégorie et s'étendant d'un premier côté du cadre, et d'autre part des conduits communiquant à une deuxième catégorie de canaux (séparés des premiers par les cloisons et transportant l'autre fluide) et s'étendant d'un deuxième côté du cadre qui est différent du premier. Typiquement, le cadre comprend quatre côtés en rectangle, dont le premier côté et le deuxième côté cités, qui sont perpendiculaires entre eux ; les deux derniers côtés, ou l'un d'entre eux, peuvent comprendre d'autres conduits d'entrée et de sortie du fluide ou des conduits de raccordement entre deux plaques. Le cadre peut également être simplement constitué de deux pièces indépendantes au niveau des extrémités des conduits.The heat exchanger comprises at least one of these plates in a stack, as well as a frame surrounding the stack and inlet ducts and fluid outlet through the frame and communicating to the channels, and it is remarkable in this that the ducts comprise on the one hand ducts communicating to the channels of the first category and extending from a first side of the frame, and secondly conduits communicating to a second category of channels (separated from the first by the partitions and carrying the other fluid) and extending from one second side of the frame that is different from the first. Typically, the frame has four sides in rectangle, of which the first side and the second side cited, which are perpendicular to each other; both last sides, or any of them, can understand other fluid inlet and outlet ducts or connecting ducts between two plates. The frame can also be simply made up of two independent parts at the ends of the ducts.

Dans ce cas l'étanchéité latérale des plaques est réalisée par assemblage des reliefs d'extrémités latéraux de celle-ci.In this case the lateral sealing of plates is made by assembling the reliefs lateral ends thereof.

L'avantage fondamental de l'invention est que les conduits d'entrée et de sortie de deux fluides ne sont pas entremêlés ni adjacents, mais séparés, les conduits menant aux canaux s'étendant dans les reliefs étant placés sur un côté latéral de la plaque, et les conduits menant aux autres canaux étant placés sur un côté d'extrémité longitudinal de la plaque.The fundamental advantage of the invention is that the inlet and outlet ducts of two fluids are not intertwined or adjacent, but separate, the ducts leading to the channels extending into the reliefs being placed on one side of the plate, and the ducts leading to the other channels being placed on a longitudinal end side of the plate.

Les canaux des deux catégories peuvent prendre des formes différentes, mais il est avantageux qu'au moins ceux de la première catégorie aient une section oblongue, ceux de la deuxième catégorie ayant une section de forme plus régulière. Channels in both categories can take different forms but it is advantageous that at least those of the first category have a oblong section, those of the second category having a section of more regular shape.

La surface d'échange est accrue si les canaux ont des surfaces délimitantes qui sont rainurées dans la direction longitudinale.The exchange surface is increased if the channels have delimiting surfaces that are grooved in the longitudinal direction.

Les plaques sont avantageusement construites par extrusion.The plates are advantageously constructed by extrusion.

L'invention sera maintenant décrite en liaison aux figures, dont :

  • les figures 1 et 2 illustrent un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • les figures 3, 4 et 5 représentent certaines variantes possibles du premier mode,
  • les figures 6 et 7 représentent deux vues d'un empilement de plaque,
  • les figures 8 et 9 deux modes d'échangeur de chaleur,
  • la figure 10 un mode possible d'assemblage de plaques,
  • et les figures 11 et 12 illustrent deux autres modes de réalisation d'échangeur.
The invention will now be described with reference to the figures, of which:
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a first embodiment of the invention,
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 show some possible variants of the first mode,
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show two views of a plate stack,
  • Figures 8 and 9 two modes of heat exchanger,
  • FIG. 10 a possible mode of plate assembly,
  • and Figures 11 and 12 illustrate two further embodiments of the exchanger.

Une plaque d'échangeur de chaleur conforme à l'invention présente la section illustrée à la figure 1, avec une enveloppe 1 extérieure comprenant des reliefs 2 périodiques en saillie sur deux faces principales 3 et 4 et opposées de cette plaque 5 et qui s'étendent dans une direction longitudinale ; la plaque 5 comprend encore des cloisons 6 s'étendant d'une face 3 à l'autre 4 sous les aplombs des reliefs 2, et s'étendant aussi dans la direction longitudinale. Ces cloisons 6 délimitent des canaux 7 et 8, dont ceux d'une première catégorie 7 s'étendent sous les reliefs 2 et en eux, et ceux d'une deuxième catégorie 8 s'étendent entre les reliefs 2 en alternant avec les précédents. Les canaux de première catégorie 7 ont une section sensiblement rectangulaire ou oblongue, et ceux de deuxième catégorie 8 une section de dimension plus régulière.A heat exchanger plate compliant to the invention presents the section illustrated in FIG. 1, with an outer envelope 1 comprising 2 periodic reliefs projecting on two sides main 3 and 4 and opposite of this plate 5 and which extend in a longitudinal direction; the plaque 5 still includes partitions 6 extending from one side 3 to the other 4 under the reliefs 2, and also extending in the longitudinal direction. These partitions 6 delimit channels 7 and 8, including those of a first category 7 extend under the reliefs 2 and in them, and those of a second category 8 extend between the reliefs 2 alternating with the precedents. The first category channels 7 have a section substantially rectangular or oblong, and those second category 8 a section of more dimension regular.

On prévoit que les reliefs 2 soient coupés ou entaillés au moins sur une partie de la longueur de la plaque 5 de manière à ouvrir latéralement les canaux de première catégorie 7. La figure 2 illustre par les flèches A qu'un fluide introduit sur la plaque 5 s'écoule, par l'entaille 10 ainsi formée, dans tous les canaux de première catégorie 7, et aussi, sur les canaux de deuxième catégorie 8, dans des canaux de troisième catégorie 9 s'étendant entre les reliefs 2. Un des fluides d'échange de chaleur suivra effectivement ces chemins et l'autre coulera dans les canaux de deuxième catégorie 8 d'après les flèches B. L'entaille 10 n'atteignant pas les canaux de deuxième catégorie 8, les fluides restent séparés.It is expected that the reliefs 2 are cut or notched at least for part of the length of the plate 5 so as to open laterally the channels 7. Figure 2 illustrates by arrows A a fluid introduced on the plate 5 flows, by the notch 10 thus formed, in all first category channels 7, and also, on the second category channels 8, in channels of third category 9 extending between the reliefs 2. One of the heat exchange fluids will follow actually these paths and the other will flow into the second category 8 channels according to the B arrows. Notch 10 does not reach the second channels category 8, the fluids remain separate.

On a représenté des canaux 7 et 8 sensiblement rectangulaires ; d'autres sections seraient possibles, comme le représentent les figures 3 et 4 qui illustrent des canaux de première catégorie 7 elliptiques et des canaux de deuxième catégorie 8 respectivement circulaires et elliptiques ; un autre genre d'aménagement est celui de la figure 5, qui montre que les canaux 7 et 8 peuvent présenter des parois les délimitant pourvues de micro-rainures 11 longitudinales leur donnant une section dentelée qui accroít la surface d'échange de chaleur entre les fluides. Cette disposition sera donc adoptée avant tout sur les parois latérales, qui sont les faces des cloisons 6.Channels 7 and 8 are shown substantially rectangular; other sections would be possible, as shown in Figure 3 and 4 illustrating first-class channels 7 elliptical and second category channels 8 respectively circular and elliptical; another type of development is that of Figure 5, which shows that channels 7 and 8 may have delimiting walls provided with micro-grooves 11 longitudinal lines giving them a serrated section increases the heat exchange surface between fluids. This provision will therefore be adopted before any on the sidewalls, which are the faces of partitions 6.

Les figures 6 et 7 représentent un empilement de plaques 5, les reliefs 2 de plaques 5 empilées étant en appui mutuel et fermant les sections des canaux de troisième catégorie 9. L'échangeur peut être complété par un cadre 12 assemblé autour de l'empilement des plaques 5 (qui comprend aussi deux plaques d'extrémité, pleines, pas représentées). Le cadre 12 possède quatre côtés en rectangle, et s'ajuste autour des plaques 5 en se raccordant aux canaux 7 et 8. Il est composé de cadres élémentaires 15 de hauteur au moins égale aux plaques 5, qu'ils entourent respectivement et qui sont empilés comme elles. Les canaux 8 de deuxième catégorie sont dégagés par un usinage au-delà de l'entaille 10 et s'ajustent dans des créneaux 40 usinés dans un premier côté 14 des cadres élémentaires 15. Un deuxième côté 16 des cadres élémentaires 15, adjacent au précédent, est percé d'orifices 41 en regard de l'entaille 10. On remarquera que l'échange de chaleur s'effectue par tous les côtés des canaux 8 de deuxième catégorie, vers les canaux 7 et 9 de première et de troisième catégorie qui les entourent presque complètement, et qu'il est donc très bon.Figures 6 and 7 show a stack of plates 5, reliefs 2 of plates 5 stacked being in mutual support and closing the sections third category channels 9. The interchange may be completed by a 12 frame assembled around the stack of plates 5 (which also includes two end plates, solid, not shown). The frame 12 has four sides in a rectangle, and adjusts around the plates 5 by connecting to the channels 7 and 8. It is composed of elementary frames 15 of height at least equal to the plates 5, which they surround respectively and that are stacked like them. The channels 8 of the second category are released by a machining beyond the notch 10 and fit into slots 40 machined in a first side 14 frames elementary 15. A second side 16 of the frames elementary 15, adjacent to the previous, is pierced of orifices 41 opposite the notch 10. It will be noted that heat exchange is done from all sides channels 8 of the second category, to channels 7 and 9 of first and third category who surround it almost completely, and so it is very Well.

L'étanchéité et la cohésion de l'échangeur de chaleur sont assurées par des brasures ou des collages 42 entre les cadres élémentaires 15. L'étanchéité peut être également réalisée par soudure en périphérie. L'addition de garnitures d'étanchéité n'est pas nécessaire ailleurs. The tightness and cohesion of the exchanger of heat are provided by solders or collages 42 between the elementary frames 15. The seal can also be made by welding in peripheral. The addition of seals is not needed elsewhere.

L'ensemble est complété par des distributeurs comme celui de la figure 8. Le premier côté 14 reçoit un distributeur 18 de sortie du second fluide et fait communiquer les canaux de deuxième catégorie 8 avec un conduit de sortie 19. Un troisième côté 20 du cadre 12, opposé au premier et raccordé aux canaux de deuxième catégorie 8 de la même façon, reçoit un distributeur 21 semblable au précédent et comprenant un conduit 22 d'entrée du second fluide. Le deuxième côté 16 du cadre 12 reçoit un troisième distributeur 23, qui est un distributeur d'entrée du premier fluide et fait communiquer un conduit d'entrée 24 aux orifices 41, aux entailles 10 et aux canaux de première et troisième catégorie 7 et 9. Enfin, un quatrième côté 25 du cadre 12 reçoit un distributeur 26 de sortie du premier fluide pourvu d'un conduit 27 ; ce distributeur 26 est à l'extrémité longitudinale opposée au distributeur 23 précédent de l'empilement des plaques 5 ; les distributeurs 23 et 26, et leurs raccordements et communications, sont semblables.The whole is completed by distributors like the one in Figure 8. The first side 14 receives an outlet distributor 18 of the second fluid and makes the second channels communicate category 8 with an outlet duct 19. A third side 20 of the frame 12, opposite to the first and connected to the second category channels 8 the same way, receives a distributor 21 similar to the previous one and comprising an inlet conduit 22 of the second fluid. The second side 16 of the frame 12 receives a third distributor 23, which is an inlet distributor of the first fluid and communicates an inlet duct 24 to the orifices 41, at nicks 10 and at the channels of first and third category 7 and 9. Finally, a fourth side 25 of the frame 12 receives an outlet distributor 26 of the first fluid provided with a conduit 27; this distributor 26 is at the longitudinal end opposite the distributor 23 previous stacking plates 5; distributors 23 and 26, and their connections and communications, are similar.

Ce dispositif autorise un écoulement à contre-courant dans l'échangeur de chaleur. Une configuration d'écoulement à co-courant est également possible. D'autres motifs sont évidemment possibles, et l'un d'entre eux est représenté à la figure 9, où les distributeurs 18 et 23 sont remplacés par des distributeurs 28 et 29 présentant chacun un conduit d'entrée 30 ou 31 et un conduit de sortie 32 ou 33 dont chacun communique à une portion respective du distributeur et à un groupe respectif des plaques 5 et des canaux. Les autres distributeurs 21 et 26 sont remplacés par des boítes 34 et 35 aveugles autorisant le passage du fluide respectif d'un des groupes des plaques 5 et des canaux à l'autre groupe. Ce dispositif permet donc des configurations d'écoulement multipasses sur chacun des deux fluides. Deux groupes de plaques 5 et de canaux doivent évidemment être séparés par une plaque continue.This device allows a flow to countercurrent in the heat exchanger. A co-current flow configuration is also possible. Other reasons are obviously possible, and one of them is shown in Figure 9, where the distributors 18 and 23 are replaced by distributors 28 and 29 each having a conduit 30 or 31 and an outlet duct 32 or 33 with each communicates to a respective portion of the distributor and to a respective group of plates 5 and channels. The other distributors 21 and 26 are replaced by boxes 34 and 35 allowing blind the passage of the respective fluid from one of the groups of plates 5 and channels to the other group. These measures therefore allows multipass flow configurations on each of the two fluids. Two groups of plates 5 and channels must obviously be separated by a continuous plate.

Les plaques 5 peuvent être construites par un procédé d'extrusion en utilisant une matière convenable, métallique ou en polymère, ce qui leur donne une structure unitaire à section uniforme, puis un usinage simple est accompli pour réaliser les entailles 10. Il est possible de laisser subsister des butées 36 afin de limiter l'enfoncement des plaques 5 dans les extrémités longitudinales du cadre 12. On doit aussi mentionner la possibilité, représentée à la figure 10, de construire les extrémités des plaques 5 en direction transversale avec des formes complémentaires 37 et 38, pour permettre un assemblage par aboutement donnant une plaque résultante plus large.The plates 5 can be constructed by an extrusion process using a material suitable, metallic or polymer, which gives a uniform unitary structure, then simple machining is accomplished to achieve the 10. It is possible to leave stops 36 to limit the depression of the plates 5 in the longitudinal ends of the frame. also mention the possibility, represented in Figure 10, to build the ends of the plates 5 in cross direction with shapes 37 and 38, to allow an assembly by abutment giving a resultant plaque more large.

Une construction au cadre 12 entourant complètement les plaques 5 n'est pas nécessaire pour construire un échangeur de chaleur. Il est possible d'utiliser des pièces d'extrémité, placées seulement aux extrémités longitudinales des plaques. Comme dans la réalisation précédente, il serait possible d'empiler et d'assembler des pièces ayant la même hauteur que les plaques 5. Une de ces pièces, en forme de peigne, est représentée à la figure 11 à la référence 50. Elle est composée d'une portée inférieure 43 et de dents 44 se dressant sur elle. Les canaux 8 de deuxième catégorie s'ajustent encore dans les créneaux 45, analogues aux crénaux 40, séparant les dents 44. La plaque 5 est maintenue en place par la portée inférieure 43 d'une autre pièce d'extrémité 50 qu'on pose sur la précédente et qui recevra une autre plaque 5.A frame 12 surrounding construction completely the plates 5 is not necessary for build a heat exchanger. It is possible to use end pieces, placed only at the longitudinal ends of the plates. As in the previous realization, it would be possible to stack and to assemble pieces having the same height as the plates 5. One of these pieces, comb-shaped, is shown in Figure 11 to reference 50. It is consisting of a lower reach 43 and teeth 44 se standing on it. Channels 8 of the second category fit again in slots 45, similar to crenals 40, separating the teeth 44. The plate 5 is held in place by the lower reach 43 of a another end piece 50 that we put on the previous and who will receive another plate 5.

Une pièce d'extrémité 51 en forme de plaque trouée, à travers laquelle passent les extrémités des canaux 8 de deuxième catégorie de tout l'empilement des plaques 5, est illustrée à la figure 12. Cette plaque trouée 51 est de structure unitaire dès l'origine.An end piece 51 in the form of a plate gap, through which the ends of the second category channels 8 of all stacking plates 5, is illustrated in Figure 12. This plate gap 51 is of unitary structure from the beginning.

Des distributeurs analogues aux précédents peuvent communiquer aux canaux 7 et 9 de première et de troisième catégorie, même si les côtés latéraux de l'empilement des plaques 5 ne sont pas revêtus. Les jonctions des plaques 5 sont brasées ou collées, aucune matière d'étanchéité n'étant nécessaire.Distributors similar to the previous ones can communicate to channels 7 and 9 of first and third category, even if the lateral sides of the stack of plates 5 are not coated. The junctions of the plates 5 are soldered or glued, no sealing material not required.

L'invention peut être appliquée à des canaux dont le diamètre hydraulique est d'environ 0,5 mm, avec un coût de fabrication bas.The invention can be applied to Channels with a hydraulic diameter of about 0.5 mm, with a low manufacturing cost.

Claims (10)

Plaque d'échangeur de chaleur, comprenant une enveloppe (1) extérieure et des cloisons (6) divisant un volume circonscrit par l'enveloppe en canaux (7, 8), caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe possède des reliefs (2), les reliefs et les canaux s'étendant dans une même direction longitudinale, une première catégorie des canaux (7) s'étend jusque dans les reliefs, et les reliefs et l'enveloppe sont entaillés (10) sur une partie dans la direction longitudinale en ouvrant les canaux de la première catégorie.Heat exchanger plate, comprising an outer envelope (1) and partitions (6) dividing a volume circumscribed by the channel envelope (7, 8), characterized in that the envelope has reliefs (2), the reliefs and the channels extending in the same longitudinal direction, a first category of the channels (7) extends into the reliefs, and the reliefs and the envelope are notched (10) on a part in the longitudinal direction in opening the channels of the first category. Plaque d'échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les canaux de la première catégorie ont une section oblongue.Heat exchanger plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels of the first category have an oblong section. Plaque d'échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les canaux ont des surfaces délimitantes rainurées en direction longitudinale.Heat exchanger plate according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the channels have delimiting surfaces grooved in the longitudinal direction. Plaque d'échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les reliefs (2) sont établis de deux faces (3, 4) opposées de l'enveloppe.Heat exchanger plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reliefs (2) are established from two opposite faces (3, 4) of the envelope. Plaque d'échangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est à structure unitaire, à section uniforme et fabriquée par extrusion.Heat exchanger plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a unitary structure, a uniform section and is manufactured by extrusion. Echangeur de chaleur comprenant un empilement de plaques délimitant des canaux, des distributeurs d'entrée et de sortie des fluides, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des plaques est conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes, les distributeurs comprennent des distributeurs communiquant aux canaux de la première catégorie et des distributeurs communiquant à une deuxième catégorie de canaux, les canaux de la deuxième catégorie (8) étant séparés des canaux de la première catégorie (7) par les cloisons (6).Heat exchanger comprising a stack of plates defining channels, fluid inlet and outlet distributors, characterized in that at least one of the plates is in accordance with one of the preceding claims, the distributors comprise distributors communicating with the channels of the first category and distributors communicating to a second category of channels, the channels of the second category (8) being separated from the channels of the first category (7) by the partitions (6). Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un cadre (12) entourant l'empilement de plaques (5), les distributeurs comprennent des distributeurs communiquant aux canaux de la première catégorie et s'étendant sur un premier côté du cadre et des distributeurs communiquant à une deuxième catégorie des canaux, s'étendant sur un deuxième côté du cadre, les canaux de la deuxième catégorie (8) étant séparés des canaux de la première catégorie (7) par les cloisons (6), le premier côté et le deuxième côté du cadre étant différents.Heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized by the use of a frame (12) surrounding the stack of plates (5), the distributors comprise distributors communicating with the channels of the first category and extending on a first side frame and distributors communicating to a second category of channels, extending on a second side of the frame, the channels of the second category (8) being separated from the channels of the first category (7) by the partitions (6), the first side and the second side of the frame being different. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par l'utilisation de pièces d'extrémité aux extrémités longitudinales, les distributeurs comprennent des distributeurs communiquant aux canaux de la première catégorie et s'étendant un côté latéral de l'empilement et des distributeurs communiquant à une deuxième catégorie des canaux et s'étendant sur une pièce d'extrémité, les canaux de la deuxième catégorie (8) étant séparés des canaux de la première catégorie (7) par les cloisons (6), le premier côté et le deuxième côté du cadre étant différents.A heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized by the use of end pieces at the longitudinal ends, the distributors comprise distributors communicating with the channels of the first category and extending a lateral side of the stack and dispensers communicating with each other. a second category of the channels and extending over an end piece, the channels of the second category (8) being separated from the channels of the first category (7) by the partitions (6), the first side and the second side of the frame being different. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le cadre comprend quatre côtés en rectangle, dont le premier côté et le deuxième côté, qui sont perpendiculaires entre eux.Heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that the frame comprises four rectangular sides, the first side and the second side of which are perpendicular to one another. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le cadre (12) est composé de cadres élémentaires (15) de même hauteur que les plaques, empilés et unis (42) entre eux, et comprenant des créneaux (40) de logement d'extrémités dégagées des canaux de deuxième catégorie et des orifices (41) placés devant les parties entaillées des reliefs et de l'enveloppe.Heat exchanger according to any one of claims 7 or 9, characterized in that the frame (12) is composed of elementary frames (15) of the same height as the plates, stacked and united (42) with each other, and comprising crenellations (40) for housing free ends of the second category channels and orifices (41) placed in front of the notched portions of the reliefs and the envelope.
EP04105885A 2003-11-20 2004-11-18 Stacked plate heat exchanger Not-in-force EP1533585B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0350865A FR2862747B1 (en) 2003-11-20 2003-11-20 HEAT EXCHANGER PLATE, AND THIS EXCHANGER
FR0350865 2003-11-20

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EP1533585A2 true EP1533585A2 (en) 2005-05-25
EP1533585A3 EP1533585A3 (en) 2006-04-26
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US (1) US7222664B2 (en)
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AT (1) ATE383561T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2485308A1 (en)
DE (1) DE602004011171T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2299798T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2862747B1 (en)

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EP3037766A1 (en) * 2014-08-11 2016-06-29 Westcome Heat Exchangers A/S Heat exchanger
EP3193122A1 (en) * 2016-01-13 2017-07-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchangers
EP3196577A4 (en) * 2014-09-17 2018-06-27 Soler & Palau Research, S.L. Multi-channel tube for heat exchangers

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EP3193122A1 (en) * 2016-01-13 2017-07-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Heat exchangers

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DE602004011171D1 (en) 2008-02-21
US7222664B2 (en) 2007-05-29
ATE383561T1 (en) 2008-01-15
FR2862747A1 (en) 2005-05-27
FR2862747B1 (en) 2008-09-05
ES2299798T3 (en) 2008-06-01
DE602004011171T2 (en) 2008-12-24
CA2485308A1 (en) 2005-05-20
EP1533585B1 (en) 2008-01-09
US20060016587A1 (en) 2006-01-26
EP1533585A3 (en) 2006-04-26

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