WO2019008000A1 - Device for thermally controlling battery modules - Google Patents

Device for thermally controlling battery modules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019008000A1
WO2019008000A1 PCT/EP2018/068014 EP2018068014W WO2019008000A1 WO 2019008000 A1 WO2019008000 A1 WO 2019008000A1 EP 2018068014 W EP2018068014 W EP 2018068014W WO 2019008000 A1 WO2019008000 A1 WO 2019008000A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control device
heat transfer
transfer fluid
thermal control
base plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/068014
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Damien MULLER
Bruno Payen
Original Assignee
Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Systemes Thermiques filed Critical Valeo Systemes Thermiques
Publication of WO2019008000A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019008000A1/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0308Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D1/035Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0472Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being helically or spirally coiled
    • F28D1/0473Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being helically or spirally coiled the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625Vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0417Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with particular circuits for the same heat exchange medium, e.g. with the heat exchange medium flowing through sections having different heat exchange capacities or for heating/cooling the heat exchange medium at different temperatures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/0408Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
    • F28D1/0426Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
    • F28D1/0443Combination of units extending one beside or one above the other
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2210/00Heat exchange conduits
    • F28F2210/10Particular layout, e.g. for uniform temperature distribution
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of thermal regulation of batteries, and more particularly batteries fitted to a motor vehicle whose propulsion is provided in whole or in part by an electric motor.
  • the invention relates to the field of thermal regulation devices for battery modules.
  • the electric energy storage cells are interconnected in order to create an electrical generator of desired voltage and capacity, and positioned in a battery module (called “module” in which follows).
  • the battery modules - usually located at the floor of the vehicle - may be subject to temperature variations that may in some cases cause damage or destruction.
  • the thermal regulation of the modules is essential in order, on the one hand, to maintain them in good condition and, on the other hand, to ensure the reliability, autonomy, and performance of the vehicle.
  • the modules cover a more and more consistent surface of the vehicle floor and they even sometimes form the bottom of the vehicle.
  • a thermal regulation device is conventionally positioned directly in contact with the modules, or indirectly in contact with the modules. Such a thermal regulation device is traversed by a heat transfer fluid and performs the functions of heating and / or cooling of the modules.
  • the heat transfer fluid can thus absorb the heat emitted by each module to cool or as needed, it can bring him heat if the temperature of the module is insufficient for its proper operation.
  • the thermal regulation device consists of a plurality of tubes comprising fluid circulation channels whose ends are connected by collectors so as to form a circulation circuit of a coolant.
  • This tube control device technology is relatively simple to implement but has a major disadvantage in that it does not allow to create complex fluid circulation circuits adapted to the new size constraints of the batteries.
  • the thermal control device is constituted by a flat plate (conventionally called “flat base” in English) on which is crimped or riveted a plate which has been stamped (commonly called “channel plate” in English) so to form a recessed impression with an inlet and a fluid outlet.
  • the recessed impression forms a conduit or circuit in which the heat transfer fluid can flow from a fluid inlet to a fluid outlet.
  • the flat plate is replaced by a stamped plate.
  • This second technology makes it possible to create, by the implementation of stamped plates, heat transfer fluid flow circuits of complex shapes, which make it possible to homogenize the temperature of the modules.
  • a disadvantage of this solution lies in the fact that the multiple thermal control devices must be interconnected to allow the distribution of heat transfer fluid, which complicates the assembly and increases the risk of leakage of the heat transfer fluid.
  • the present invention aims to solve these problems of the state of the art and proposes a device for thermal regulation, including cooling, of at least one electrical energy storage element (called “module” in the description which follows, according to the invention, comprises a base plate on which at least two juxtaposed stamped plates are secured, said base plate or said stamped plates being intended to come into thermal contact with said at least one storage element. of electrical energy, each of said at least two stamped plates delimiting, with said base plate, a coolant circulation duct comprising two spiral-shaped channels nested one inside the other, said channels being fluidly connected to one another; to the other in the center of the double spiral, said thermal regulating device comprising a single inlet and a single heat transfer fluid outlet connected to each of the heat transfer fluid circulation ducts.
  • module electrical energy storage element
  • the invention thus proposes a device for the thermal regulation of large battery modules of a hybrid or electric vehicle, which implements a single base plate on which a plurality of juxtaposed stamped plates are secured.
  • Each battery module is composed of several electric cells.
  • the assembly forms a single circuit in which a heat transfer fluid can flow from a fluid inlet to a fluid outlet.
  • Each stamped plate forms with the base plate a heat exchange plate in which is formed a conduit having a double spiral shape.
  • the thermal regulation device is thus composed of several double spiral ducts interconnected in the same fluid circuit, which does not require connection pipes.
  • a double spiral shape of the circulation duct in each stamped plate allows:
  • the spiral shapes of the channels also allow a good definition of the walls of the conduit and thus allows a good distribution of the mass of the battery on the heat exchange plate which is an advantage to have a good coefficient of heat exchange between these two elements.
  • the base plate which is a cut metal sheet, may have dimensions equal to those of the battery while each stamped metal plate of the device may have dimensions equal to those of a module or group of modules (it can be provided a plate stamped by module or group of modules to thermally regulate).
  • the solution of the invention therefore does not require a large press to stamp the plates, which reduces the manufacturing costs of the device of the invention.
  • the thermal control device of the invention is flexible and can be adapted to the size and size of the battery modules to be cooled.
  • the surfaces of the base plate are flat.
  • the base plate is a simple sheet, for example aluminum, which is cut only to the shape and dimensions desired (it is not stamped).
  • Such a base plate is relatively low.
  • it is the base plate of the thermal regulation device which is in contact (direct or indirect) with the electrical energy storage elements, and which constitutes the heat exchange plate.
  • each conduit has a rectangular double spiral shape.
  • This rectangle spiral type profile optimizes the surface of the heat exchange plate and provides a larger exchange surface possible.
  • the heat transfer fluid inlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected to a common heat transfer fluid inlet and the heat transfer fluid outlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected. to a common heat transfer fluid evacuation.
  • This type of connection allows temperature homogeneity at each heat exchange plate of the device and over the entire exchange surface of said device.
  • each duct has at least three distinct and spaced zones for circulating the coolant against the current, intended to be placed opposite the electrical energy storage elements to be regulated. thermally.
  • each of said at least three zones comprises three portions of the two channels, two portions allowing a circulation of the coolant in a first direction and a portion allowing a circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the opposite direction, to against the current.
  • the width of said at least three zones is substantially equal to the width of the electrical energy storage elements to be thermally regulated.
  • At least a portion of the conduits comprises at least one heat transfer passage restriction for balancing the heat transfer fluid flows in the conduits.
  • one of said stamped plates is connected on the one hand to an input connector allowing the supply of heat transfer fluid to said thermal regulation device, and on the other hand to an output connector allowing the evacuation of the heat transfer fluid out of the thermal regulation device.
  • said base plate, said at least two stamped plates and said input and output connectors are joined by brazing.
  • the surfaces of the base plate are flat.
  • the base plate and said at least two stamped plates are secured by brazing.
  • the stamped plates are brazed together and soldered to the base plate. This inexpensive joining technique ensures the device of the invention a strong mechanical strength.
  • said at least two stamped plates overlap partially.
  • This aspect makes it possible, on the one hand, to facilitate soldering of all the plates together and, on the other hand, to ensure the sealing of the coolant circulation circuit in the device.
  • connection ducts for plates stamped together.
  • the thermal control device is therefore in the form of a row of stamped plates juxtaposed.
  • This modular structure simplifies the assembly of the device while adapting its shape to that of the battery and its dimensions to the number of modules constituting the battery.
  • each stamped plate is intended to regulate the temperature of a module or group of modules.
  • different heat transfer fluid circulation circuits can be configured in each stamped plate.
  • the base plate has a shape corresponding to the shape of the battery containing the elements (or modules) for storing electrical energy.
  • the base plate constitutes the bottom of the vehicle in which the thermal regulation device is implemented.
  • Figure 1 is a top view of modules of a vehicle battery and a thermal control device of these modules according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid within the thermal control device of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view from above of a thermal regulation device for modules of a battery according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a detailed view of the connection between two stamped plates of a thermal control device according to the invention. 5. Detailed Description of Embodiments
  • Figure 1 is a top view of modules of a large battery of a hybrid or electric vehicle and a thermal control device of these modules according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the thermal control device 1 comprises a base plate 10 on which a plurality of stamped plates 11, in this case three in this example, are secured.
  • the base plate 10 is a laser-cut flat sheet, for example, whose shape and dimensions correspond to those of the battery to be thermally regulated.
  • the base plate 10 is rectangular and is in direct or indirect thermal contact with several electrical energy storage elements, or modules, referenced 3.
  • Each stamped plate 11 forms with the base plate 10 a heat exchange plate, the heat exchange plates being intended to thermally regulate the modules 3.
  • each of the three stamped plates 11 delimits, with the base plate 10, a conduit 12 for circulating the coolant.
  • the circulation of the heat transfer fluid is only illustrated for the stamped plate 11 located on the left, the closest to the inlet E and outlet S of heat transfer fluid in the thermal control device 1.
  • Each duct 12 comprises two channels 121, 122 of spiral shape nested one inside the other, the channels 121, 122 being fluidly connected to one another at the center C of the double spiral.
  • the thermal control device 1 comprises a single input connected to an input connector E and a single output connected to a heat transfer fluid outlet connector S, the single input and the single output being connected to each of the three conduits 12 for circulating the coolant.
  • the heat transfer fluid inlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected to a common heat transfer fluid inlet or inlet, and the heat transfer fluid outlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected to an evacuation or outlet of common heat transfer fluid.
  • the inlet and outlet connectors S and S of the heat transfer fluid are arranged on the same side edge of the thermal control device 1.
  • the thermal control device 1 comprises a single circuit for circulating the coolant consisting of three separate ducts 12, each duct 12 comprising two spirally-shaped channels 121, 122 interlocked with one another, the channels 121, 122 being fluidly connected to each other at the center C of the double spiral.
  • the base plate 10 is preferably made of aluminum so as to allow the brazing of the stamped plates 11 on the latter.
  • stamped plates 11 preferably of aluminum and "cladées", are thus intended to be joined by brazing on the base plate 10.
  • the heat transfer fluid circulation duct of each heat exchange plate consisting of a portion of the base plate 10 and a stamped plate 11, comprises two spirally-shaped channels 121, 122 interlocked with one another in the other, the channels 121, 122 being fluidly connected to each other at the center C of the double spiral.
  • the channels 121, 122 of spiral shape are nested one inside the other in order to allow a homogeneous distribution of the temperature over the entire surface of the heat exchange plate and thus improves the heat exchange with the battery on the whole. of the surface of the latter.
  • the spiral of the first channel 121 approaches more and more central point C in the direction of fluid flow, while it rotates around. From this central point C, the spiral of the second channel 122 moves further and further away from the central point C, as it rotates around.
  • Such a design of the heat exchange plate also allows an improved heat exchange between the incoming fluid and the fluid leaving the heat exchange plate.
  • the "cold" incoming fluid is understood as the fluid flowing in the first channel 121 from the inlet opening to the center C of the double spiral of the heat exchange plate (in phantom in FIG. 2)
  • the "hot” outgoing fluid is understood as the fluid flowing in the second channel 122, in fluid communication with the first channel 121, from the center C of the double spiral towards the outlet of the heat exchange plate ( in dashed lines in Figure 2).
  • the spiral shape also allows a good definition of the walls of the channels 121, 122 and thus allows a good distribution of the mass of the battery on the heat exchange plate which is an advantage to have a good coefficient of heat exchange between these two elements.
  • the ducts 12 here each have a rectangular double spiral shape, which optimizes the surface of the heat exchange plate and to provide a larger exchange surface possible.
  • thermo control device 1 allows a great modularity of the thermal control device 1 so that the latter can be easily adapted to multiple configurations, more or less complex, a battery.
  • thermal control device 1 only one die for a stamping press is needed to manufacture the thermal regulator 1.
  • stamped plates having different shapes and / or fluid circulation circuits, can be implemented according to the configuration of the battery on board the motor vehicle.
  • the invention makes it possible to free itself from the constraints relating to the size of the presses that produce the large stamped plates since the device of the invention no longer implements a single large stamped plate but a plurality of stamped plates whose dimensions are reduced and substantially identical to those of a module or group of modules.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing costs of the thermal regulation devices of the modules, or elements for storing electrical energy.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of a module thermal regulation device of a battery according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • stamped plates 11 On the base plate 10 are secured two stamped plates 11 juxtaposed, the stamped plates 11 being intended to come into thermal contact with several electrical energy storage elements, or modules, not shown, so as to thermally regulate them.
  • the heat transfer fluid circulation duct of each heat exchange plate consisting of a portion of the base plate 10 and a stamped plate 11, comprises two spirally-shaped channels 121, 122 interlocked with one another in the other, the channels 121, 122 being fluidly connected to each other at the center C of the double spiral.
  • each heat exchange plate there is for each heat exchange plate three zones ZI, Z2, Z3 separate and spaced counter-current flow of the fluid.
  • Each of these zones ZI, Z2, Z3 comprises three portions of the channels 121, 122 arranged under each module 3 (FIG. 1), thus making it possible to have two portions of channels with a circulation of the coolant in a first direction and a portion of channel with traffic in the opposite or second direction.
  • the zones ZI and Z3 each have alternately a circulation of the coolant in a first direction, a second direction and the first direction, and the zone Z2 alternately has a circulation of the coolant in the second direction, the first sense and second sense.
  • the cooling duct 12 consisting of the two channels 121, 122 comprises at least once a circulation of the heat transfer fluid against the current (first direction / second direction) under a module.
  • the input connector E and the output connector S of the cooling duct 12 are on opposite sides of the thermal control device 1, as are the supply and exhaust ducts 123 and 124 (FIG. 3).
  • the width and the height of the cooling duct 12 are determined in order to optimize the pressure drop of the circuit, according to the flow rates and temperatures of heat transfer fluid imposed.
  • the length of the cooling duct 12, and therefore the number of counter currents, are related to this pressure drop constraint.
  • the width and the height of the supply duct 123 are determined in order to optimize the pressure drop of the circuit, according to the flow rates and temperatures of heat transfer fluid imposed.
  • the feed channel 123 may have a width of 5 mm to 60 mm, and a height of 1 mm to 10 mm.
  • the balancing of the heat transfer fluid flows in the cooling ducts 12 in at least a part of the stamped plates 11 can be implemented by means of local restrictions, in order to force the coolant to go to the last pressed plate 11 relative to the input E of the circuit. These restrictions are positioned:
  • the stamped plates 11 of the thermal regulation device 1 are brazed on the base plate 10.
  • the stamped plates 11 adjacent may overlap partially.
  • Figure 4 which is a detail view of Figure 3, illustrates such overlap between two stamped plates 11 adjacent.
  • This overlapping one of the other stamped plates 11 ensures a joint plane suitable for brazing and ensure, once the plates bonded by soldering, the sealing of the coolant circulation circuit within the device Thermal regulation 1.
  • the base plate 10 is obtained by a single cutting operation.
  • the base plate 10 has a thickness adapted to withstand the mechanical stresses experienced during its brazing with the stamped plates 11 and during operation of the thermal control device 1.
  • the base plate 10 must have a thickness to maintain the flatness of the surfaces of the base plate 10 under the pressure of the coolant flowing in the thermal control device 1 during its operation.
  • the base plate 10 which is in direct or indirect contact with the modules so as to reduce the flatness constraints of the stamped plates.
  • the base plate 10 is unclad while one face of the stamped plates is clad.
  • the base plate 10 which is clad while the stamped plates 11 are not.
  • the joining of the stamped plates 11 to each other and to the base plate 10 is achieved by a contribution of external material, by means of a clade strip, for example.
  • none of the plates are clad.
  • the joining is then performed by a bonding process.
  • the bonding process is not limited to the type of glue (epoxy, silicone, polyurethane, mono / bi-components), nor to a curing process (called "curing" in English) at room temperature or at a predetermined temperature.
  • the input connectors E and S of the heat transfer fluid in the thermal control device 1 are preferably uncladed in order to guarantee an optimal surface condition at the connector.
  • these connectors are clad and a resumption in machining can be performed to ensure an optimal surface condition.
  • the location of the input connectors E and S of the heat transfer fluid in the thermal control device 1 is not limited to the examples described above.
  • the connectors for the inlet and the outlet of the heat transfer fluid can, without limitation, be:
  • the openings being formed in one or two stamped plates
  • the openings being formed in one or the other of the plates.
  • the thermal control device according to the invention makes it possible to cool and, where appropriate, to heat the modules.
  • the thermal control device 1 is composed of stamped plates having different cooling circuits (length, hydraulic section, number of counter currents under the modules).
  • the zones Z1, Z2, Z3 distinct of countercurrent flow of fluid can comprise respectively three, five and three portions of channels.
  • the thermal regulation device 1 is composed of stamped plates having different feed circuits, in particular in terms of hydraulic section, thus making it possible to reduce the size of the thermal regulation device 1 in zones of "casing" where the available space is less.
  • the inlet connector E and the heat transfer fluid outlet connector S of the thermal control device 1 are on opposite sides (right / left).
  • the input connector E and the output connector S of the cooling circuit are on the same side of one of the stamped plates. This implies that the inlet supply duct is on one of the faces of the flat plate, and that the outlet discharge duct is on the opposite face (or vice versa).
  • the channels of the ducts may be split in two in the longitudinal direction by means of an internal wall (the coolant flowing in the same direction on either side of the inner wall ) so as to optimize the mechanical strength of the thermal control device 1.
  • the base plate may have recesses for the passage of screws, reinforcements or lightening (to optimize its mass).

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device (1) for thermally controlling, particularly for cooling, at least one electrical power storage element (3). According to the invention, the thermal control device (1) comprises a base plate (10), on which at least two juxtaposed stamped plates (11) are rigidly connected, said base plate (10) or said stamped plates (11) being intended to come into thermal contact with said at least one electrical power storage element (3), each of said at least two stamped plates (11) defining, with said base plate (10), a heat transfer fluid circulation duct (12) comprising two spiral shaped channels (121, 122) that are interleaved together, said channels (121, 122) being in fluid communication with each other at the centre of the double spiral, said thermal control device (1) comprising a single input (E) and a single output (S) for heat transfer fluid connected to each of the heat transfer fluid circulation ducts (12).

Description

Dispositif de régulation thermique de modules de batterie.  Thermal regulation device of battery modules.
1. Domaine de l'invention 1. Field of the invention
L'invention se rapporte au domaine de la régulation thermique des batteries, et plus particulièrement des batteries équipant un véhicule automobile dont la propulsion est fournie en tout ou partie par une motorisation électrique.  The invention relates to the field of thermal regulation of batteries, and more particularly batteries fitted to a motor vehicle whose propulsion is provided in whole or in part by an electric motor.
Plus précisément, l'invention se rapporte au domaine des dispositifs de régulation thermique pour modules de batterie. 2. Art antérieur  More specifically, the invention relates to the field of thermal regulation devices for battery modules. 2. Prior Art
Dans le domaine des véhicules électriques et hybrides, les cellules de stockage d'énergie électrique sont reliées entre elles de façon à créer un générateur électrique de tension et de capacité désirée, et positionnées dans un module de batterie (appelé "module" dans ce qui suit).  In the field of electric and hybrid vehicles, the electric energy storage cells are interconnected in order to create an electrical generator of desired voltage and capacity, and positioned in a battery module (called "module" in which follows).
Lors du fonctionnement du véhicule, les modules de batterie - généralement disposés au niveau du plancher du véhicule - peuvent être soumis à des variations de température pouvant provoquer dans certains cas leur endommagement, voire leur destruction.  During the operation of the vehicle, the battery modules - usually located at the floor of the vehicle - may be subject to temperature variations that may in some cases cause damage or destruction.
Par conséquent, la régulation thermique des modules est essentielle afin, d'une part, de les maintenir en bon état et, d'autre part, d'assurer la fiabilité, l'autonomie, et la performance du véhicule.  Therefore, the thermal regulation of the modules is essential in order, on the one hand, to maintain them in good condition and, on the other hand, to ensure the reliability, autonomy, and performance of the vehicle.
Les constructeurs automobiles cherchent, par ailleurs, aujourd'hui à fournir des véhicules électriques ou hybrides plus puissants et dont l'autonomie électrique est augmentée.  Automakers are also seeking today to provide more powerful electric or hybrid vehicles with increased electric range.
Pour cela, un nombre de plus en plus important de modules est embarqué dans les véhicules.  For this, a growing number of modules is embedded in vehicles.
Ainsi, les modules couvrent une surface de plus en plus conséquente du plancher du véhicule et ils forment même parfois le fond de caisse du véhicule.  Thus, the modules cover a more and more consistent surface of the vehicle floor and they even sometimes form the bottom of the vehicle.
Les dispositifs destinés à réguler la température de ces modules doivent donc s'étendre sur des surfaces équivalentes pour optimiser le fonctionnement des modules.  Devices for regulating the temperature of these modules must therefore extend to equivalent surfaces to optimize the operation of the modules.
Un dispositif de régulation thermique est classiquement positionné directement au contact des modules, ou indirectement au contact des modules. Un tel dispositif de régulation thermique est parcouru par un fluide caloporteur et assure les fonctions de chauffage et/ou de refroidissement des modules. A thermal regulation device is conventionally positioned directly in contact with the modules, or indirectly in contact with the modules. Such a thermal regulation device is traversed by a heat transfer fluid and performs the functions of heating and / or cooling of the modules.
Le fluide caloporteur peut ainsi absorber la chaleur émise par chaque module afin de le refroidir ou selon les besoins, il peut lui apporter de la chaleur si la température du module est insuffisante pour son bon fonctionnement.  The heat transfer fluid can thus absorb the heat emitted by each module to cool or as needed, it can bring him heat if the temperature of the module is insufficient for its proper operation.
Deux technologies de dispositifs de régulation thermique des modules de batterie d'un véhicule sont connues, à savoir la technologie à tubes, et la technologie à plaques.  Two technologies of thermal regulation devices of the battery modules of a vehicle are known, namely tube technology, and plate technology.
Dans la première technologie, le dispositif de régulation thermique est constitué d'une pluralité de tubes comprenant des canaux de circulation du fluide dont les extrémités sont reliées par des collecteurs de sorte à former un circuit de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur.  In the first technology, the thermal regulation device consists of a plurality of tubes comprising fluid circulation channels whose ends are connected by collectors so as to form a circulation circuit of a coolant.
Cette technologie de dispositif de régulation à tubes est relativement simple à mettre en oeuvre mais présente un inconvénient majeur en ce qu'elle ne permet pas de créer des circuits de circulation du fluide complexes adaptés aux nouvelles contraintes de dimension des batteries.  This tube control device technology is relatively simple to implement but has a major disadvantage in that it does not allow to create complex fluid circulation circuits adapted to the new size constraints of the batteries.
Dans la seconde technologie, le dispositif de régulation thermique est constitué d'une plaque plane (appelée classiquement « base plate » en anglais) sur laquelle est sertie ou rivetée une plaque qui a été emboutie (appelée classiquement « channel plate » en anglais) afin de former une empreinte en creux avec une entrée et une sortie de fluide.  In the second technology, the thermal control device is constituted by a flat plate (conventionally called "flat base" in English) on which is crimped or riveted a plate which has been stamped (commonly called "channel plate" in English) so to form a recessed impression with an inlet and a fluid outlet.
Une fois les plaques plane et emboutie assemblées l'une sur l'autre, l'empreinte en creux forme un conduit ou circuit dans lequel peut circuler le fluide caloporteur depuis une entrée de fluide vers une sortie de fluide.  Once the flat and stamped plates assembled on one another, the recessed impression forms a conduit or circuit in which the heat transfer fluid can flow from a fluid inlet to a fluid outlet.
Dans une variante, la plaque plane est remplacée par une plaque emboutie. In a variant, the flat plate is replaced by a stamped plate.
Cette deuxième technologie permet de créer, par la mise en œuvre de plaques embouties, des circuits de circulation du fluide caloporteur de formes complexes, qui permettent d'homogénéiser la température des modules. This second technology makes it possible to create, by the implementation of stamped plates, heat transfer fluid flow circuits of complex shapes, which make it possible to homogenize the temperature of the modules.
Néanmoins, un inconvénient de cette technologie à plaques réside dans le fait que la fabrication de plaques embouties de grandes dimensions est complexe et coûteuse du fait qu'elle nécessite l'utilisation de presses de grande taille. Pour résoudre ce problème, il a été proposé d'associer un dispositif de régulation thermique à plaques à chacun des modules de la batterie. Nevertheless, a disadvantage of this plate technology lies in the fact that the manufacture of large stamped plates is complex and expensive because it requires the use of large presses. To solve this problem, it has been proposed to associate a thermal regulation device with plates to each of the modules of the battery.
Un inconvénient de cette solution réside dans le fait que les multiples dispositifs de régulation thermique doivent être reliés entre eux pour permettre la distribution du fluide caloporteur, ce qui complexifie l'assemblage et augmente les risques de fuite du fluide caloporteur.  A disadvantage of this solution lies in the fact that the multiple thermal control devices must be interconnected to allow the distribution of heat transfer fluid, which complicates the assembly and increases the risk of leakage of the heat transfer fluid.
3. Résumé de l'invention 3. Summary of the invention
La présente invention a pour objet de résoudre ces problèmes de l'état de l'art et propose un dispositif de régulation thermique, notamment de refroidissement, d'au moins un élément de stockage d'énergie électrique (appelé "module" dans la description détaillée qui suit) qui, selon l'invention, comprend une plaque de base sur laquelle sont solidarisées au moins deux plaques embouties juxtaposées, ladite plaque de base ou lesdites plaques embouties étant destinées à venir en contact thermique avec ledit au moins un élément de stockage d'énergie électrique, chacune desdites au moins deux plaques embouties délimitant, avec ladite plaque de base, un conduit de circulation du fluide caloporteur comprenant deux canaux de forme spiralée imbriqués l'un dans l'autre, lesdits canaux étant reliés fluidiquement l'un à l'autre au centre de la double spirale, ledit dispositif de régulation thermique comprenant une unique entrée et une unique sortie de fluide caloporteur reliées à chacun des conduits de circulation du fluide caloporteur.  The present invention aims to solve these problems of the state of the art and proposes a device for thermal regulation, including cooling, of at least one electrical energy storage element (called "module" in the description which follows, according to the invention, comprises a base plate on which at least two juxtaposed stamped plates are secured, said base plate or said stamped plates being intended to come into thermal contact with said at least one storage element. of electrical energy, each of said at least two stamped plates delimiting, with said base plate, a coolant circulation duct comprising two spiral-shaped channels nested one inside the other, said channels being fluidly connected to one another; to the other in the center of the double spiral, said thermal regulating device comprising a single inlet and a single heat transfer fluid outlet connected to each of the heat transfer fluid circulation ducts.
L'invention propose ainsi un dispositif de régulation thermique des modules de batterie de grande taille d'un véhicule hybride ou électrique, qui met en œuvre une unique plaque de base sur laquelle sont solidarisées une pluralité de plaques embouties juxtaposées.  The invention thus proposes a device for the thermal regulation of large battery modules of a hybrid or electric vehicle, which implements a single base plate on which a plurality of juxtaposed stamped plates are secured.
Chaque module de batterie est composé de plusieurs cellules électriques.  Each battery module is composed of several electric cells.
Une fois les plaques embouties assemblées sur la plaque de base, l'ensemble forme circuit unique dans lequel peut circuler un fluide caloporteur depuis une entrée de fluide vers une sortie de fluide.  Once the stamped plates assembled on the base plate, the assembly forms a single circuit in which a heat transfer fluid can flow from a fluid inlet to a fluid outlet.
Chaque plaque emboutie forme avec la plaque de base une plaque d'échange thermique dans laquelle est ménagé un conduit présentant une forme en double spirale. Le dispositif de régulation thermique est ainsi composé de plusieurs conduits en double spirale reliés entre eux dans un même circuit fluidique, ce qui ne nécessite pas de tubulures de raccordement. Each stamped plate forms with the base plate a heat exchange plate in which is formed a conduit having a double spiral shape. The thermal regulation device is thus composed of several double spiral ducts interconnected in the same fluid circuit, which does not require connection pipes.
Une forme en double spirale du conduit de circulation dans chaque plaque emboutie permet :  A double spiral shape of the circulation duct in each stamped plate allows:
- un échange thermique amélioré entre le fluide entrant et le fluide sortant de chaque plaque d'échange thermique, et  an improved heat exchange between the fluid entering and the fluid leaving each heat exchange plate, and
- une répartition homogène de la température sur toute la surface de la plaque d'échange thermique et ainsi améliore les échanges thermiques avec la batterie sur l'ensemble de la surface de cette dernière.  - A homogeneous distribution of the temperature over the entire surface of the heat exchange plate and thus improves the heat exchange with the battery on the entire surface of the latter.
De plus, avec un conduit formé de deux canaux en spirale imbriqués l'un dans l'autre, à taille de plaque d'échange thermique équivalente, la surface d'échange thermique entre la batterie et le fluide caloporteur est augmentée, ce qui augmente d'autant l'efficacité de la plaque d'échange thermique.  In addition, with a conduit formed of two intermeshing spiral channels in the other, equivalent heat exchange plate size, the heat exchange surface between the battery and the heat transfer fluid is increased, which increases all the efficiency of the heat exchange plate.
Les formes spiralées des canaux permettent également une bonne définition des parois du conduit et permet ainsi une bonne répartition de la masse de la batterie sur la plaque d'échange thermique ce qui est un avantage pour avoir un bon coefficient d'échange thermique entre ces deux éléments.  The spiral shapes of the channels also allow a good definition of the walls of the conduit and thus allows a good distribution of the mass of the battery on the heat exchange plate which is an advantage to have a good coefficient of heat exchange between these two elements.
La plaque de base, qui est une tôle métallique découpée, peut présenter des dimensions égales à celles de la batterie tandis que chaque plaque métallique emboutie du dispositif peut présenter des dimensions égales à celles d'un module ou d'un groupement de modules (il peut ainsi être prévu une plaque emboutie par module ou groupement de modules à réguler thermiquement).  The base plate, which is a cut metal sheet, may have dimensions equal to those of the battery while each stamped metal plate of the device may have dimensions equal to those of a module or group of modules (it can be provided a plate stamped by module or group of modules to thermally regulate).
Cette solution permet de fabriquer aisément et à un coût relativement faible des dispositifs de régulation thermique de grande taille et de forme complexe adaptés aux batteries présentant des grandes tailles.  This solution makes it possible to easily manufacture, and at a relatively low cost, large and complex shaped thermal regulation devices adapted to batteries having large sizes.
La solution de l'invention ne nécessite donc pas de presse de grande taille pour emboutir les plaques, ce qui réduit les coûts de fabrication du dispositif de l'invention.  The solution of the invention therefore does not require a large press to stamp the plates, which reduces the manufacturing costs of the device of the invention.
Du fait qu'il soit réalisé par assemblage d'une pluralité de plaques embouties sur une plaque de base, le dispositif de régulation thermique de l'invention est modulable et peut être adapté à la taille et la dimension des modules de batterie à refroidir. Selon un aspect particulier de l'invention, les surfaces de la plaque de base sont planes. Because it is made by assembling a plurality of stamped plates on a base plate, the thermal control device of the invention is flexible and can be adapted to the size and size of the battery modules to be cooled. According to a particular aspect of the invention, the surfaces of the base plate are flat.
Ainsi, la plaque de base est une simple tôle, par exemple en aluminium, qui est uniquement découpée à la forme et aux dimensions souhaitées (elle n'est donc pas emboutie).  Thus, the base plate is a simple sheet, for example aluminum, which is cut only to the shape and dimensions desired (it is not stamped).
Le coût de fabrication d'une telle plaque de base est donc relativement faible. Préférentiellement, c'est la plaque de base du dispositif de régulation thermique qui est en contact (direct ou indirect) avec les éléments de stockage d'énergie électrique, et qui constitue la plaque d'échange thermique.  The manufacturing cost of such a base plate is relatively low. Preferably, it is the base plate of the thermal regulation device which is in contact (direct or indirect) with the electrical energy storage elements, and which constitutes the heat exchange plate.
En effet, il est plus simple et moins coûteux d'assurer la planéité de la plaque de base que celle des plaques embouties.  Indeed, it is simpler and less expensive to ensure the flatness of the base plate than the stamped plates.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, chaque conduit présente une forme de double spirale rectangulaire.  According to another aspect of the invention, each conduit has a rectangular double spiral shape.
Ce profil de type spirale rectangle permet d'optimiser au mieux la surface de la plaque d'échange thermique et de fournir une surface d'échange la plus importante possible.  This rectangle spiral type profile optimizes the surface of the heat exchange plate and provides a larger exchange surface possible.
Selon un aspect du dispositif selon l'invention, les entrées de fluide caloporteur de la pluralité de plaques d'échange thermique sont reliées à une arrivée de fluide caloporteur commune et les sorties de fluide caloporteur de la pluralité de plaques d'échange thermique sont reliées à une évacuation de fluide caloporteur commune.  According to one aspect of the device according to the invention, the heat transfer fluid inlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected to a common heat transfer fluid inlet and the heat transfer fluid outlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected. to a common heat transfer fluid evacuation.
Ce type de branchement permet une homogénéité de température au niveau de chaque plaque d'échange thermique du dispositif et sur l'ensemble de la surface d'échange dudit dispositif.  This type of connection allows temperature homogeneity at each heat exchange plate of the device and over the entire exchange surface of said device.
Selon un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, chaque conduit présente au moins trois zones distinctes et espacées de circulation du fluide caloporteur à contre- courant, destinées à être placées en vis-à-vis des éléments de stockage d'énergie électrique à réguler thermiquement.  According to another particular aspect of the invention, each duct has at least three distinct and spaced zones for circulating the coolant against the current, intended to be placed opposite the electrical energy storage elements to be regulated. thermally.
Selon un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, chacune desdites au moins trois zones comprend trois portions des deux canaux, deux portions permettant une circulation du fluide caloporteur dans un premier sens et une portion permettant une circulation du fluide caloporteur dans le sens inverse, à contre-courant. Selon un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, la largeur desdites au moins trois zones est sensiblement égale à la largeur des éléments de stockage d'énergie électrique à réguler thermiquement. According to another particular aspect of the invention, each of said at least three zones comprises three portions of the two channels, two portions allowing a circulation of the coolant in a first direction and a portion allowing a circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the opposite direction, to against the current. According to another particular aspect of the invention, the width of said at least three zones is substantially equal to the width of the electrical energy storage elements to be thermally regulated.
Selon un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, au moins une partie des conduits comprend au moins une restriction de passage du fluide caloporteur destinée à équilibrer les débits de fluide caloporteur dans les conduits.  According to another particular aspect of the invention, at least a portion of the conduits comprises at least one heat transfer passage restriction for balancing the heat transfer fluid flows in the conduits.
Selon un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, une desdites plaques embouties est reliée d'une part à un connecteur d'entrée permettant l'alimentation en fluide caloporteur dudit dispositif de régulation thermique, et d'autre part à un connecteur de sortie permettant l'évacuation du fluide caloporteur hors du dispositif de régulation thermique.  According to another particular aspect of the invention, one of said stamped plates is connected on the one hand to an input connector allowing the supply of heat transfer fluid to said thermal regulation device, and on the other hand to an output connector allowing the evacuation of the heat transfer fluid out of the thermal regulation device.
Selon un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, ladite plaque de base, lesdites au moins deux plaques embouties et lesdits connecteurs d'entrée et de sortie sont solidarisées par brasage.  According to another particular aspect of the invention, said base plate, said at least two stamped plates and said input and output connectors are joined by brazing.
Selon un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, les surfaces de la plaque de base sont planes.  According to another particular aspect of the invention, the surfaces of the base plate are flat.
Selon un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, la plaque de base et lesdites au moins deux plaques embouties sont solidarisées par brasage.  According to another particular aspect of the invention, the base plate and said at least two stamped plates are secured by brazing.
Les plaques embouties sont brasées entre elles et brasées sur la plaque de base. Cette technique de solidarisation peu coûteuse permet d'assurer au dispositif de l'invention une forte résistance mécanique.  The stamped plates are brazed together and soldered to the base plate. This inexpensive joining technique ensures the device of the invention a strong mechanical strength.
Selon encore un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, lesdites au moins deux plaques embouties se chevauchent partiellement.  According to yet another particular aspect of the invention, said at least two stamped plates overlap partially.
Cet aspect permet d'une part de faciliter le brasage de l'ensemble des plaques entre elles et d'autre part d'assurer l'étanchéité du circuit de circulation du fluide caloporteur dans le dispositif.  This aspect makes it possible, on the one hand, to facilitate soldering of all the plates together and, on the other hand, to ensure the sealing of the coolant circulation circuit in the device.
Cela permet en outre de s'affranchir de l'utilisation de conduits de raccordement des plaques embouties entre elles.  This also makes it possible to avoid the use of connection ducts for plates stamped together.
Ainsi, l'assemblage est simplifié et les risques de fuite du fluide caloporteur sont diminués.  Thus, the assembly is simplified and the risks of leakage of the heat transfer fluid are reduced.
Le dispositif de régulation thermique se présente donc sous la forme d'une rangée de plaques embouties juxtaposées. Cette structure modulaire permet de simplifier l'assemblage du dispositif tout en adaptant sa forme à celle de la batterie et ses dimensions au nombre de modules constituant la batterie. The thermal control device is therefore in the form of a row of stamped plates juxtaposed. This modular structure simplifies the assembly of the device while adapting its shape to that of the battery and its dimensions to the number of modules constituting the battery.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, chaque plaque emboutie est destinée à réguler la température d'un module ou d'un groupement de modules.  According to one aspect of the invention, each stamped plate is intended to regulate the temperature of a module or group of modules.
Selon un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, des circuits de circulation du fluide caloporteur différents peuvent être configurés dans chaque plaque emboutie.  According to another particular aspect of the invention, different heat transfer fluid circulation circuits can be configured in each stamped plate.
Selon un autre aspect particulier de l'invention, la plaque de base présente une forme correspondante à la forme de la batterie contenant les éléments (ou modules) de stockage d'énergie électrique.  According to another particular aspect of the invention, the base plate has a shape corresponding to the shape of the battery containing the elements (or modules) for storing electrical energy.
Selon encore un autre aspect de l'invention, la plaque de base constitue le fond de caisse du véhicule dans lequel le dispositif de régulation thermique est mis en œuvre.  According to yet another aspect of the invention, the base plate constitutes the bottom of the vehicle in which the thermal regulation device is implemented.
4. Figures 4. Figures
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description détaillée suivante de modes de réalisation particuliers de l'invention, donnés à titres de simples exemples illustratifs et non limitatifs, et des dessins annexés, parmi lesquels :  Other features and advantages will appear more clearly on reading the following detailed description of particular embodiments of the invention, given as simple illustrative and non-limiting examples, and the appended drawings, among which:
la figure 1 est une vue de dessus de modules d'une batterie de véhicule et d'un dispositif de régulation thermique de ces modules selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  Figure 1 is a top view of modules of a vehicle battery and a thermal control device of these modules according to a first embodiment of the invention;
la figure 2 illustre de façon schématique le sens de circulation du fluide caloporteur au sein du dispositif de régulation thermique de la figure 1 ;  FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid within the thermal control device of FIG. 1;
la figure 3 est une vue de dessus d'un dispositif de régulation thermique de modules d'une batterie selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  FIG. 3 is a view from above of a thermal regulation device for modules of a battery according to a second embodiment of the invention;
la figure 4 est une vue de détail de la connexion entre deux plaques embouties d'un dispositif de régulation thermique conforme à l'invention. 5. Description détaillée de modes de réalisation  Figure 4 is a detailed view of the connection between two stamped plates of a thermal control device according to the invention. 5. Detailed Description of Embodiments
Les éléments identiques sur les différentes figures, portent les mêmes références. La figure 1 est une vue de dessus de modules d'une batterie de grande taille d'un véhicule hybride ou électrique et d'un dispositif de régulation thermique de ces modules selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention. The identical elements in the different figures bear the same references. Figure 1 is a top view of modules of a large battery of a hybrid or electric vehicle and a thermal control device of these modules according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Le dispositif de régulation thermique 1 comprend une plaque de base 10 sur laquelle une pluralité de plaques embouties 11, en l'occurrence trois dans cet exemple, sont solidarisées.  The thermal control device 1 comprises a base plate 10 on which a plurality of stamped plates 11, in this case three in this example, are secured.
La plaque de base 10, visible en partie sur la figure 4, est une tôle plane découpée au laser, par exemple, dont la forme et les dimensions correspondent à celles de la batterie devant être régulée thermiquement.  The base plate 10, visible in part in FIG. 4, is a laser-cut flat sheet, for example, whose shape and dimensions correspond to those of the battery to be thermally regulated.
Dans cet exemple, la plaque de base 10 est rectangulaire et est en contact thermique direct ou indirect avec plusieurs éléments de stockage d'énergie électrique, ou modules, référencés 3.  In this example, the base plate 10 is rectangular and is in direct or indirect thermal contact with several electrical energy storage elements, or modules, referenced 3.
Sur cette plaque de base 10 sont donc solidarisées trois plaques embouties 11 juxtaposées.  On this base plate 10 are thus joined three stamped plates 11 juxtaposed.
Chaque plaque emboutie 11 forme avec la plaque de base 10 une plaque d'échange thermique, les plaques d'échange thermique étant destinées à réguler thermiquement les modules 3.  Each stamped plate 11 forms with the base plate 10 a heat exchange plate, the heat exchange plates being intended to thermally regulate the modules 3.
En l'espèce, neuf modules 3 sont disposés en vis-à-vis de chaque plaque emboutie 11 sur la figure 1.  In this case, nine modules 3 are arranged vis-à-vis each stamped plate 11 in Figure 1.
Comme illustré sur la figure 2, chacune des trois plaques embouties 11 délimite, avec la plaque de base 10, un conduit 12 de circulation du fluide caloporteur.  As illustrated in FIG. 2, each of the three stamped plates 11 delimits, with the base plate 10, a conduit 12 for circulating the coolant.
La circulation du fluide caloporteur est uniquement illustré pour la plaque emboutie 11 située à gauche, la plus proche des entrée E et sortie S de fluide caloporteur dans le dispositif de régulation thermique 1.  The circulation of the heat transfer fluid is only illustrated for the stamped plate 11 located on the left, the closest to the inlet E and outlet S of heat transfer fluid in the thermal control device 1.
Chaque conduit 12 comprend deux canaux 121, 122 de forme spiralée imbriqués l'un dans l'autre, les canaux 121, 122 étant reliés fluidiquement l'un à l'autre au centre C de la double spirale.  Each duct 12 comprises two channels 121, 122 of spiral shape nested one inside the other, the channels 121, 122 being fluidly connected to one another at the center C of the double spiral.
Par ailleurs, le dispositif de régulation thermique 1 comprend une unique entrée reliée à un connecteur d'entrée E et une unique sortie reliée à un connecteur de sortie S de fluide caloporteur, l'unique entrée et l'unique sortie étant reliées à chacun des trois conduits 12 de circulation du fluide caloporteur. En d'autres termes, les entrées de fluide caloporteur de la pluralité de plaques d'échange thermique sont reliées à une arrivée ou entrée de fluide caloporteur commune, et les sorties de fluide caloporteur de la pluralité de plaques d'échange thermique sont reliées à une évacuation ou sortie de fluide caloporteur commune. Moreover, the thermal control device 1 comprises a single input connected to an input connector E and a single output connected to a heat transfer fluid outlet connector S, the single input and the single output being connected to each of the three conduits 12 for circulating the coolant. In other words, the heat transfer fluid inlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected to a common heat transfer fluid inlet or inlet, and the heat transfer fluid outlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected to an evacuation or outlet of common heat transfer fluid.
Dans l'exemple illustré, les connecteurs d'entrée E et de sortie S du fluide caloporteur sont disposés sur un même bord latéral du dispositif de régulation thermique 1.  In the illustrated example, the inlet and outlet connectors S and S of the heat transfer fluid are arranged on the same side edge of the thermal control device 1.
Ainsi, en résumé, le dispositif de régulation thermique 1 comprend un circuit unique de circulation du fluide caloporteur constitué de trois conduits 12 distincts, chaque conduit 12 comprenant deux canaux 121, 122 de forme spiralée imbriqués l'un dans l'autre, les canaux 121, 122 étant reliés fluidiquement l'un à l'autre au centre C de la double spirale.  Thus, in summary, the thermal control device 1 comprises a single circuit for circulating the coolant consisting of three separate ducts 12, each duct 12 comprising two spirally-shaped channels 121, 122 interlocked with one another, the channels 121, 122 being fluidly connected to each other at the center C of the double spiral.
La plaque de base 10 est préférentiellement fabriquée en aluminium de façon à permettre le brasage des plaques embouties 11 sur cette dernière.  The base plate 10 is preferably made of aluminum so as to allow the brazing of the stamped plates 11 on the latter.
Les plaques embouties 11, de préférence en aluminium et "cladées", sont donc destinées à être solidarisées par brasage sur la plaque de base 10.  The stamped plates 11, preferably of aluminum and "cladées", are thus intended to be joined by brazing on the base plate 10.
Elles sont embouties de sorte à former des parois internes, pour définir des conduits 12 de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur, ou conduits de refroidissement, lorsqu'elles sont montées sur la plaque de base 10.  They are stamped so as to form internal walls, to define conduits 12 for circulating a coolant, or cooling ducts, when they are mounted on the base plate 10.
Le conduit de circulation du fluide caloporteur de chaque plaque d'échange thermique, constituée d'une portion de la plaque de base 10 et d'une plaque emboutie 11, comprend deux canaux 121, 122 de forme spiralée imbriqués l'un dans l'autre, les canaux 121, 122 étant reliés fluidiquement l'un à l'autre au centre C de la double spirale.  The heat transfer fluid circulation duct of each heat exchange plate, consisting of a portion of the base plate 10 and a stamped plate 11, comprises two spirally-shaped channels 121, 122 interlocked with one another in the other, the channels 121, 122 being fluidly connected to each other at the center C of the double spiral.
Les canaux 121, 122 de forme spiralée sont imbriqués l'un dans l'autre afin de permettre une répartition homogène de la température sur toute la surface de la plaque d'échange thermique et ainsi améliore les échanges thermiques avec la batterie sur l'ensemble de la surface de cette dernière.  The channels 121, 122 of spiral shape are nested one inside the other in order to allow a homogeneous distribution of the temperature over the entire surface of the heat exchange plate and thus improves the heat exchange with the battery on the whole. of the surface of the latter.
On note que la spirale du premier canal 121 s'approche de plus en plus du point central C dans le sens de circulation du fluide, en même temps qu'elle tourne autour. A partir de ce point central C, la spirale du deuxième canal 122 s'éloigne de plus en plus du point central C, en même temps qu'elle tourne autour. Une telle conception de la plaque d'échange thermique permet en outre un échange thermique amélioré entre le fluide entrant et le fluide sortant de la plaque d'échange thermique. Note that the spiral of the first channel 121 approaches more and more central point C in the direction of fluid flow, while it rotates around. From this central point C, the spiral of the second channel 122 moves further and further away from the central point C, as it rotates around. Such a design of the heat exchange plate also allows an improved heat exchange between the incoming fluid and the fluid leaving the heat exchange plate.
Le fluide entrant "froid" s'entend comme le fluide circulant dans le premier canal 121 de l'ouverture d'entrée jusqu'au centre C de la double spirale de la plaque d'échange thermique (en traits interrompus sur la figure 2), tandis que le fluide sortant "chaud" s'entend comme le fluide circulant dans le deuxième canal 122, en communication fluidique avec le premier canal 121, depuis le centre C de la double spirale vers la sortie de la plaque d'échange thermique (en pointillés sur la figure 2).  The "cold" incoming fluid is understood as the fluid flowing in the first channel 121 from the inlet opening to the center C of the double spiral of the heat exchange plate (in phantom in FIG. 2) , while the "hot" outgoing fluid is understood as the fluid flowing in the second channel 122, in fluid communication with the first channel 121, from the center C of the double spiral towards the outlet of the heat exchange plate ( in dashed lines in Figure 2).
De plus, avec une forme spiralée des canaux, à taille de plaque d'échange thermique équivalente, la surface d'échange thermique entre la batterie et le fluide caloporteur est augmentée, ce qui augmente d'autant l'efficacité de la plaque d'échange thermique.  In addition, with a spiral shape of the channels, equivalent heat exchange plate size, the heat exchange surface between the battery and the coolant is increased, thereby increasing the efficiency of the plate of heat exchange.
La forme spiralée permet également une bonne définition des parois des canaux 121, 122 et ainsi permet une bonne répartition de la masse de la batterie sur la plaque d'échange thermique ce qui est un avantage pour avoir un bon coefficient d'échange thermique entre ces deux éléments.  The spiral shape also allows a good definition of the walls of the channels 121, 122 and thus allows a good distribution of the mass of the battery on the heat exchange plate which is an advantage to have a good coefficient of heat exchange between these two elements.
Les conduits 12 présentent ici chacun une forme de double spirale rectangulaire, ce qui permet d'optimiser au mieux la surface de la plaque d'échange thermique et de fournir une surface d'échange la plus importante possible.  The ducts 12 here each have a rectangular double spiral shape, which optimizes the surface of the heat exchange plate and to provide a larger exchange surface possible.
Les liaisons entre les plaques embouties 11 et la plaque de base 10 sont étanches, de même que la liaison des plaques embouties 11 entre elles.  The connections between the stamped plates 11 and the base plate 10 are sealed, as well as the connection of the stamped plates 11 between them.
Les plaques embouties 11 juxtaposées forment une première demi-coque et la plaque de base 10 une deuxième demi-coque, les demi-coques assemblées formant le dispositif de régulation thermique 1.  The stamped plates 11 juxtaposed form a first half-shell and the base plate 10 a second half-shell, the assembled half-shells forming the thermal control device 1.
Ceci permet d'obtenir un dispositif de régulation thermique 1 qui peut présenter une forme complexe et des dimensions relativement importantes.  This makes it possible to obtain a thermal regulation device 1 which can have a complex shape and relatively large dimensions.
En effet, la mise en œuvre de plaques embouties 11, sur une unique plaque de base 10 plane, permet une grande modularité du dispositif de régulation thermique 1 de sorte que ce dernier puisse être aisément adapté à de multiples configurations, plus ou moins complexes, d'une batterie. Ainsi, pour ce mode de réalisation, seulement une matrice pour presse à emboutir est nécessaire pour fabriquer le dispositif de régulation thermique 1. Indeed, the implementation of stamped plates 11, on a single flat base plate 10, allows a great modularity of the thermal control device 1 so that the latter can be easily adapted to multiple configurations, more or less complex, a battery. Thus, for this embodiment, only one die for a stamping press is needed to manufacture the thermal regulator 1.
On comprend bien évidemment que d'autres types de plaques embouties, présentant des formes et/ou des circuits de circulation de fluide différents, peuvent être mis en œuvre selon la configuration de la batterie embarquée dans le véhicule automobile.  It is of course understood that other types of stamped plates, having different shapes and / or fluid circulation circuits, can be implemented according to the configuration of the battery on board the motor vehicle.
Dans tous les cas, l'invention permet de se libérer des contraintes relatives à la taille des presses fabricant les plaques embouties de grande taille puisque le dispositif de l'invention ne met plus en œuvre une unique plaque emboutie de grande dimension mais une pluralité de plaques embouties dont les dimensions sont réduites et sensiblement identiques à celles d'un module ou d'un groupe de modules.  In any case, the invention makes it possible to free itself from the constraints relating to the size of the presses that produce the large stamped plates since the device of the invention no longer implements a single large stamped plate but a plurality of stamped plates whose dimensions are reduced and substantially identical to those of a module or group of modules.
L'invention permet donc de réduire les coûts de fabrication des dispositifs de régulation thermique des modules, ou éléments de stockage d'énergie électrique.  The invention thus makes it possible to reduce the manufacturing costs of the thermal regulation devices of the modules, or elements for storing electrical energy.
Il permet, en outre, de fournir un dispositif de régulation thermique modulaire, aisément adaptable à toutes formes et dimensions de batterie.  It also makes it possible to provide a modular thermal regulation device, easily adaptable to all shapes and sizes of battery.
La figure 3 est une vue de dessus d'un dispositif de régulation thermique de modules d'une batterie selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.  FIG. 3 is a top view of a module thermal regulation device of a battery according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Sur la plaque de base 10 sont solidarisées deux plaques embouties 11 juxtaposées, les plaques embouties 11 étant destinées à venir en contact thermique avec plusieurs éléments de stockage d'énergie électrique, ou modules, non illustrés, de sorte à réguler thermiquement ces dernières.  On the base plate 10 are secured two stamped plates 11 juxtaposed, the stamped plates 11 being intended to come into thermal contact with several electrical energy storage elements, or modules, not shown, so as to thermally regulate them.
Le conduit de circulation du fluide caloporteur de chaque plaque d'échange thermique, constituée d'une portion de la plaque de base 10 et d'une plaque emboutie 11, comprend deux canaux 121, 122 de forme spiralée imbriqués l'un dans l'autre, les canaux 121, 122 étant reliés fluidiquement l'un à l'autre au centre C de la double spirale.  The heat transfer fluid circulation duct of each heat exchange plate, consisting of a portion of the base plate 10 and a stamped plate 11, comprises two spirally-shaped channels 121, 122 interlocked with one another in the other, the channels 121, 122 being fluidly connected to each other at the center C of the double spiral.
Dans les modes de réalisation illustrés sur les figures 1 à 3, il y a pour chaque plaque d'échange thermique trois zones ZI, Z2, Z3 distinctes et espacées de circulation du fluide à contre-courant.  In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, there is for each heat exchange plate three zones ZI, Z2, Z3 separate and spaced counter-current flow of the fluid.
Chacune de ces zones ZI, Z2, Z3 comprend trois portions des canaux 121, 122 disposées sous chaque module 3 (figure 1), permettant ainsi d'avoir deux portions de canaux avec une circulation du fluide caloporteur dans un premier sens et une portion de canal avec une circulation dans le sens inverse ou deuxième sens. Ainsi, sur la figure 3, les zones ZI et Z3 présentent chacune alternativement une circulation du fluide caloporteur dans un premier sens, un deuxième sens et le premier sens, et la zone Z2 présente alternativement une circulation du fluide caloporteur dans le deuxième sens, le premier sens et le deuxième sens. Each of these zones ZI, Z2, Z3 comprises three portions of the channels 121, 122 arranged under each module 3 (FIG. 1), thus making it possible to have two portions of channels with a circulation of the coolant in a first direction and a portion of channel with traffic in the opposite or second direction. Thus, in FIG. 3, the zones ZI and Z3 each have alternately a circulation of the coolant in a first direction, a second direction and the first direction, and the zone Z2 alternately has a circulation of the coolant in the second direction, the first sense and second sense.
Le conduit 12 de refroidissement constitué des deux canaux 121, 122 comprend au moins une fois une circulation du fluide caloporteur à contre courant (premier sens/deuxième sens) sous un module.  The cooling duct 12 consisting of the two channels 121, 122 comprises at least once a circulation of the heat transfer fluid against the current (first direction / second direction) under a module.
On peut toutefois prévoir trois contre-courants (figures 2 ou 3) ou bien davantage (quatre contre-courants, par exemple).  However, it is possible to provide three counter-currents (FIGS. 2 or 3) or more (four counter currents, for example).
Dans les exemples présentés, le connecteur d'entrée E et le connecteur de sortie S du conduit 12 de refroidissement sont sur des bords opposés du dispositif de régulation thermique 1, de même que les conduits d'alimentation 123 et d'évacuation 124 (figure 3).  In the examples presented, the input connector E and the output connector S of the cooling duct 12 are on opposite sides of the thermal control device 1, as are the supply and exhaust ducts 123 and 124 (FIG. 3).
La largeur et la hauteur du conduit 12 de refroidissement (et donc des canaux 121, 122) sont déterminées afin d'optimiser la perte de charge du circuit, suivant les débits et températures de fluide caloporteur imposés.  The width and the height of the cooling duct 12 (and therefore of the channels 121, 122) are determined in order to optimize the pressure drop of the circuit, according to the flow rates and temperatures of heat transfer fluid imposed.
La longueur du conduit 12 de refroidissement, et donc le nombre de contre- courants, sont liés à cette contrainte de perte de charge.  The length of the cooling duct 12, and therefore the number of counter currents, are related to this pressure drop constraint.
De même, la largeur et la hauteur du conduit d'alimentation 123 sont déterminées afin d'optimiser la perte de charge du circuit, suivant les débits et températures de fluide caloporteur imposés.  Likewise, the width and the height of the supply duct 123 are determined in order to optimize the pressure drop of the circuit, according to the flow rates and temperatures of heat transfer fluid imposed.
A titre d'exemple, le canal d'alimentation 123 peut avoir une largeur allant de 5 mm à 60 mm, et une hauteur de 1 mm à 10 mm.  For example, the feed channel 123 may have a width of 5 mm to 60 mm, and a height of 1 mm to 10 mm.
L'équilibrage des débits de fluide caloporteur dans les conduits 12 de refroidissement dans au moins une partie des plaques embouties 11 peut être mis en œuvre grâce à des restrictions locales, afin de contraindre le fluide caloporteur à aller jusqu'à la dernière plaque emboutie 11 par rapport à l'entrée E du circuit. Ces restrictions sont positionnées :  The balancing of the heat transfer fluid flows in the cooling ducts 12 in at least a part of the stamped plates 11 can be implemented by means of local restrictions, in order to force the coolant to go to the last pressed plate 11 relative to the input E of the circuit. These restrictions are positioned:
soit uniquement à l'entrée du conduit 12 de refroidissement, soit à l'entrée et à la sortie du conduit 12 de refroidissement.  either at the inlet of the cooling duct 12 or at the inlet and the outlet of the cooling duct 12.
Sur la figure 2, quatre restrictions 125 obtenues par emboutissage local des plaques embouties 11 sont représentées schématiquement et sont situées à proximité de l'entrée et de la sortie des conduits 12 des deux plaques d'échange thermique les plus proches des connecteurs d'entrée E et de sortie S. In FIG. 2, four restrictions 125 obtained by local stamping of the stamped plates 11 are shown schematically and are located near the inlet and the outlet of the conduits 12 of the two heat exchange plates closest to the input connectors E and output S.
Suivant les niveaux de pertes de charges à compenser dans les plaques embouties 11, on peut également envisager un équilibrage en jouant sur les sections de passage de fluide caloporteur dans les conduits 12 de refroidissement, afin de contraindre le fluide caloporteur à aller jusqu'à la dernière plaque emboutie 11 par rapport à l'entrée du circuit du dispositif de régulation thermique 1.  Depending on the levels of pressure losses to be compensated in the stamped plates 11, it is also possible to envisage a balancing by acting on the heat transfer fluid passage sections in the cooling ducts 12, in order to constrain the heat transfer fluid to go to the last pressed plate 11 with respect to the input of the circuit of the thermal control device 1.
Comme indiqué précédemment, les plaques embouties 11 du dispositif de régulation thermique 1, quelles que soient leurs types, sont brasées sur la plaque de base 10.  As indicated above, the stamped plates 11 of the thermal regulation device 1, whatever their types, are brazed on the base plate 10.
Afin de garantir l'étanchéité du circuit de circulation du fluide caloporteur dans le dispositif de régulation thermique 1 après brasage, les plaques embouties 11 adjacentes peuvent se chevaucher partiellement.  In order to guarantee the sealing of the coolant circulation circuit in the thermal regulating device 1 after soldering, the stamped plates 11 adjacent may overlap partially.
La figure 4, qui est une vue de détail de la figure 3, illustre un tel chevauchement entre deux plaques embouties 11 adjacentes.  Figure 4, which is a detail view of Figure 3, illustrates such overlap between two stamped plates 11 adjacent.
Ce chevauchement l'une sur l'autre des plaques embouties 11 permet d'assurer un plan de joint adapté au brasage et de garantir, une fois les plaques liées par brasage, l'étanchéité du circuit de circulation du fluide caloporteur au sein du dispositif de régulation thermique 1.  This overlapping one of the other stamped plates 11 ensures a joint plane suitable for brazing and ensure, once the plates bonded by soldering, the sealing of the coolant circulation circuit within the device Thermal regulation 1.
Cette technique permet de s'affranchir de la mise en œuvre de conduits de raccordement additionnels et de joints d'étanchéité entre les plaques embouties, qui, de façon connue, augmentent les risques de fuite du fluide caloporteur.  This technique makes it possible to dispense with the implementation of additional connecting ducts and seals between the stamped plates, which, in known manner, increase the risk of leakage of the coolant.
Cette technique selon laquelle les plaques embouties 11 sont brasées entre elles et sur la plaque de base 10 permet de supprimer, ou tout le moins de limiter, le risque de fuite du fluide caloporteur hors du dispositif de régulation thermique 1.  This technique according to which the stamped plates 11 are brazed together and on the base plate 10 makes it possible to eliminate, or at least limit, the risk of leakage of the coolant out of the thermal regulation device 1.
Ces modes de réalisation sont donnés à titre de simples exemples illustratifs et non limitatifs.  These embodiments are given as simple illustrative and non-limiting examples.
On comprend aisément que le nombre de plaques embouties et leur forme peut varier sans s'écarter du principe général de l'invention.  It is easily understood that the number of stamped plates and their shape can vary without departing from the general principle of the invention.
La plaque de base 10 est obtenue par une seule opération de découpe. La plaque de base 10 présente une épaisseur adaptée pour supporter les efforts mécaniques subis lors de son brasage avec les plaques embouties 11 et lors du fonctionnement du dispositif de régulation thermique 1. The base plate 10 is obtained by a single cutting operation. The base plate 10 has a thickness adapted to withstand the mechanical stresses experienced during its brazing with the stamped plates 11 and during operation of the thermal control device 1.
Notamment, la plaque de base 10 doit présenter une épaisseur permettant de maintenir la planéité des surfaces de la plaque de base 10 sous la pression du fluide caloporteur circulant dans le dispositif de régulation thermique 1 lors de son fonctionnement.  In particular, the base plate 10 must have a thickness to maintain the flatness of the surfaces of the base plate 10 under the pressure of the coolant flowing in the thermal control device 1 during its operation.
Préférentiellement, c'est la plaque de base 10 qui est en contact direct ou indirect avec les modules de sorte à diminuer les contraintes de planéité des plaques embouties.  Preferably, it is the base plate 10 which is in direct or indirect contact with the modules so as to reduce the flatness constraints of the stamped plates.
En effet, il est plus simple et moins coûteux de fabriquer une plaque de base plane avec une planéité optimale que des plaques embouties avec une planéité équivalente.  Indeed, it is simpler and less expensive to manufacture a flat base plate with an optimal flatness than plates stamped with an equivalent flatness.
Afin de faciliter les opérations de brasage, la plaque de base 10 est non cladée tandis qu'une face des plaques embouties est cladée.  In order to facilitate brazing operations, the base plate 10 is unclad while one face of the stamped plates is clad.
Dans une variante, c'est la plaque de base 10 qui est cladée tandis que les plaques embouties 11 ne le sont pas. Dans ce cas de figure, la solidarisation des plaques embouties 11 entre elles et sur la plaque de base 10 est réalisée par un apport de matière extérieur, au moyen d'un feuillard de clade, par exemple.  In a variant, it is the base plate 10 which is clad while the stamped plates 11 are not. In this case, the joining of the stamped plates 11 to each other and to the base plate 10 is achieved by a contribution of external material, by means of a clade strip, for example.
Dans une autre variante, aucune des plaques n'est cladée. La solidarisation est alors réalisée par un procédé de collage.  In another variant, none of the plates are clad. The joining is then performed by a bonding process.
Le procédé de collage n'est pas limité au type de colle (époxy, silicone, polyuréthane, mono/bi composants), ni à un procédé de durcissement (appelé "curing" en anglais) à température ambiante ou à une température prédéterminée.  The bonding process is not limited to the type of glue (epoxy, silicone, polyurethane, mono / bi-components), nor to a curing process (called "curing" in English) at room temperature or at a predetermined temperature.
Les connecteurs d'entrée E et de sortie S du fluide caloporteur dans le dispositif de régulation thermique 1 sont, de préférence non cladés afin de garantir un état de surface optimal au niveau de la connectique.  The input connectors E and S of the heat transfer fluid in the thermal control device 1 are preferably uncladed in order to guarantee an optimal surface condition at the connector.
Dans une variante, ces connecteurs sont cladés et une reprise en usinage peut être effectuée afin de garantir un état de surface optimal.  In a variant, these connectors are clad and a resumption in machining can be performed to ensure an optimal surface condition.
L'emplacement des connecteurs d'entrée E et de sortie S du fluide caloporteur dans le dispositif de régulation thermique 1 n'est pas limité aux exemples décrits précédemment. Les connecteurs pour l'entrée et la sortie du fluide caloporteur peuvent, sans limitation, se trouver : The location of the input connectors E and S of the heat transfer fluid in the thermal control device 1 is not limited to the examples described above. The connectors for the inlet and the outlet of the heat transfer fluid can, without limitation, be:
dans le plan de joint entre la plaque plane de base et les plaques embouties ;  in the joint plane between the base plate and the stamped plates;
perpendiculairement aux plaques embouties, les ouvertures étant ménagées dans une ou deux plaques embouties ;  perpendicular to the stamped plates, the openings being formed in one or two stamped plates;
perpendiculairement à la plaque de base, les ouvertures étant ménagées dans cette dernière ;  perpendicular to the base plate, the openings being formed therein;
selon un angle quelconque à la plaque de base ou à la ou aux plaques embouties, les ouvertures étant ménagées dans l'une ou les autres des plaques.  at any angle to the base plate or to the stamped plate or plates, the openings being formed in one or the other of the plates.
Le dispositif de régulation thermique conforme à l'invention permet de refroidir et, le cas échéant, de réchauffer les modules.  The thermal control device according to the invention makes it possible to cool and, where appropriate, to heat the modules.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le dispositif de régulation thermique 1 est composé de plaques embouties présentant des circuits de refroidissement différents (longueur, section hydrauliques, nombre de contre-courants sous les modules).  In a particular embodiment, the thermal control device 1 is composed of stamped plates having different cooling circuits (length, hydraulic section, number of counter currents under the modules).
A titre d'exemple, les zones ZI, Z2, Z3 distinctes de circulation du fluide à contre-courant peuvent comprendre respectivement trois, cinq et trois portions de canaux.  By way of example, the zones Z1, Z2, Z3 distinct of countercurrent flow of fluid can comprise respectively three, five and three portions of channels.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation particulier, le dispositif de régulation thermique 1 est composé de plaques embouties présentant des circuits d'alimentation différents, notamment en terme de section hydraulique, permettant ainsi de diminuer l'encombrement du dispositif de régulation thermique 1 dans des zones de "casing" où l'espace disponible est moindre.  In another particular embodiment, the thermal regulation device 1 is composed of stamped plates having different feed circuits, in particular in terms of hydraulic section, thus making it possible to reduce the size of the thermal regulation device 1 in zones of "casing" where the available space is less.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation particulier, le connecteur d'entrée E et le connecteur de sortie S de fluide caloporteur du dispositif de régulation thermique 1 sont sur des côtés opposés (droite/gauche).  In another particular embodiment, the inlet connector E and the heat transfer fluid outlet connector S of the thermal control device 1 are on opposite sides (right / left).
Ceci a pour avantage de faciliter l'équilibrage des débits de fluide dans les différentes plaques embouties, à la condition que les conduits de refroidissement soient identiques ou proches en terme de pertes de charge.  This has the advantage of facilitating the balancing of the fluid flow rates in the various stamped plates, provided that the cooling ducts are identical or close in terms of pressure losses.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation particulier, le connecteur d'entrée E et le connecteur de sortie S du circuit de refroidissement sont du même côté d'une des plaques embouties. Ceci implique que le conduit d'alimentation d'entrée soit sur une des faces de la plaque plane, et que le conduit d'évacuation de sortie soit sur la face opposée (ou inversement). In another particular embodiment, the input connector E and the output connector S of the cooling circuit are on the same side of one of the stamped plates. This implies that the inlet supply duct is on one of the faces of the flat plate, and that the outlet discharge duct is on the opposite face (or vice versa).
Dans un autre mode de réalisation particulier, les canaux des conduits peuvent être scindés en deux dans le sens de la longueur par le biais d'une paroi interne (le fluide caloporteur circulant dans le même sens de part et d'autre de la paroi interne) de sorte à optimiser la tenue mécanique du dispositif de régulation thermique 1.  In another particular embodiment, the channels of the ducts may be split in two in the longitudinal direction by means of an internal wall (the coolant flowing in the same direction on either side of the inner wall ) so as to optimize the mechanical strength of the thermal control device 1.
Par ailleurs, la plaque de base peut présenter des évidements destinés au passage de vis, renforts ou à son allégement (en vue d'optimiser sa masse).  Furthermore, the base plate may have recesses for the passage of screws, reinforcements or lightening (to optimize its mass).

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de régulation thermique (1), notamment de refroidissement, d'au moins un élément de stockage d'énergie électrique (3), 1. Device for thermal regulation (1), especially cooling, of at least one electrical energy storage element (3),
caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une plaque de base (10) sur laquelle sont solidarisées au moins deux plaques embouties (11) juxtaposées, ladite plaque de base (10) ou lesdites plaques embouties (11) étant destinées à venir en contact thermique avec ledit au moins un élément de stockage d'énergie électrique (3), characterized in that it comprises a base plate (10) on which are secured at least two stamped plates (11) juxtaposed, said base plate (10) or said stamped plates (11) being intended to come into thermal contact with said at least one electrical energy storage element (3),
et en ce que chacune desdites au moins deux plaques embouties (11) délimite, avec ladite plaque de base (10), un conduit (12) de circulation du fluide caloporteur comprenant deux canaux (121, 122) de forme spiralée imbriqués l'un dans l'autre, lesdits canaux (121, 122) étant reliés fluidiquement l'un à l'autre au centre de la double spirale, ledit dispositif de régulation thermique (1) comprenant une unique entrée (E) et une unique sortie (S) de fluide caloporteur reliées à chacun des conduits (12) de circulation du fluide caloporteur. and in that each of said at least two stamped plates (11) delimits, with said base plate (10), a conduit (12) for circulating the coolant comprising two channels (121, 122) of spiral shape interleaved with one another. in the other, said channels (121, 122) being fluidly connected to each other at the center of the double spiral, said thermal regulating device (1) comprising a single input (E) and a single output (S ) heat transfer fluid connected to each of the conduits (12) for circulating the heat transfer fluid.
2. Dispositif de régulation thermique (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque conduit (12) présente une forme de double spirale rectangulaire. 2. Thermal control device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that each duct (12) has a rectangular shape of double spiral.
3. Dispositif de régulation thermique (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque conduit (12) présente au moins trois zones (ZI, Z2, Z3) distinctes et espacées de circulation du fluide caloporteur à contre-courant, destinées à être placées en vis-à-vis des éléments de stockage d'énergie électrique à réguler thermiquement. 3. thermal control device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each conduit (12) has at least three zones (ZI, Z2, Z3) separate and spaced circulating heat transfer fluid against the current, intended to be placed vis-à-vis the electrical energy storage elements to be thermally regulated.
4. Dispositif de régulation thermique (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que chacune desdites au moins trois zones (ZI, Z2, Z3) comprend trois portions des deux canaux (121, 122), deux portions permettant une circulation du fluide caloporteur dans un premier sens et une portion permettant une circulation du fluide caloporteur dans le sens inverse, à contre-courant. 4. Thermal control device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that each of said at least three zones (ZI, Z2, Z3) comprises three portions of the two channels (121, 122), two portions for circulation of the fluid. coolant in a first direction and a portion for a circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the opposite direction, against the current.
5. Dispositif de régulation thermique (1) selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la largeur desdites au moins trois zones (ZI, Z2, 13) est sensiblement égale à la largeur des éléments de stockage d'énergie électrique à réguler thermiquement. 5. Thermal control device (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the width of said at least three zones (ZI, Z2, 13) is substantially equal to the width of the electrical energy storage elements to be regulated. thermally.
6. Dispositif de régulation thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que lesdites au moins deux plaques embouties (11) se chevauchent partiellement. 6. Thermal control device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said at least two stamped plates (11) overlap partially.
7. Dispositif de régulation thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des conduits (12) comprend au moins une restriction (125) de passage du fluide caloporteur destinée à équilibrer les débits de fluide caloporteur dans les conduits (12). 7. Thermal control device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least a portion of the ducts (12) comprises at least one restriction (125) passage of the heat transfer fluid for balancing the flow rates of heat transfer fluid in the conduits (12).
8. Dispositif de régulation thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'une desdites plaques embouties (11) est reliée d'une part à un connecteur d'entrée (E) permettant l'alimentation en fluide caloporteur dudit dispositif de régulation thermique (1), et d'autre part à un connecteur de sortie (S) permettant l'évacuation du fluide caloporteur hors du dispositif de régulation thermique (1)8. Thermal control device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that one of said stamped plates (11) is connected firstly to an input connector (E) for feeding heat transfer fluid of said thermal control device (1), and secondly an outlet connector (S) for discharging the heat transfer fluid out of the thermal control device (1)
9. Dispositif de régulation thermique (1) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que ladite plaque de base (10), lesdites au moins deux plaques embouties (11) et lesdits connecteurs d'entrée et de sortie sont solidarisées par brasage. 9. Thermal control device (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that said base plate (10), said at least two stamped plates (11) and said inlet and outlet connectors are joined by brazing.
10. Dispositif de régulation thermique (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce les surfaces de la plaque de base (10) sont planes. 10. Thermal control device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the surfaces of the base plate (10) are planar.
PCT/EP2018/068014 2017-07-06 2018-07-03 Device for thermally controlling battery modules WO2019008000A1 (en)

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FR1756359A FR3068773B1 (en) 2017-07-06 2017-07-06 DEVICE FOR THERMALLY REGULATING BATTERY MODULES
FR1756359 2017-07-06

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Cited By (3)

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DE102020002953A1 (en) 2020-05-14 2021-11-18 Schaurer & Pfanzelt GbR (vertretungsberechtigte Gesellschafter: B.Sc. Andreas Pfanzelt, 89294 Oberroth und Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Michael Schaurer, 85435 Erding) Battery module housing with spiral-shaped temperature control channel
US11316216B2 (en) 2018-10-24 2022-04-26 Dana Canada Corporation Modular heat exchangers for battery thermal modulation
EP4254604A1 (en) 2022-03-29 2023-10-04 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Cooling plate arrangement, battery system, electric vehicle and method for assembling

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US20040144524A1 (en) * 2002-12-30 2004-07-29 Sunjong Hwang Laminated heat exchanger
FR3016479A1 (en) * 2014-01-15 2015-07-17 Valeo Systemes Thermiques THERMAL EXCHANGE PLATE FOR THERMAL BATTERY MANAGEMENT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

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US4747450A (en) * 1985-09-18 1988-05-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method for producing heat sink and heat sink thus produced
US20040144524A1 (en) * 2002-12-30 2004-07-29 Sunjong Hwang Laminated heat exchanger
FR3016479A1 (en) * 2014-01-15 2015-07-17 Valeo Systemes Thermiques THERMAL EXCHANGE PLATE FOR THERMAL BATTERY MANAGEMENT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11316216B2 (en) 2018-10-24 2022-04-26 Dana Canada Corporation Modular heat exchangers for battery thermal modulation
US11791506B2 (en) 2018-10-24 2023-10-17 Dana Canada Corporation Modular heat exchangers for battery thermal modulation
DE102020002953A1 (en) 2020-05-14 2021-11-18 Schaurer & Pfanzelt GbR (vertretungsberechtigte Gesellschafter: B.Sc. Andreas Pfanzelt, 89294 Oberroth und Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Michael Schaurer, 85435 Erding) Battery module housing with spiral-shaped temperature control channel
EP4254604A1 (en) 2022-03-29 2023-10-04 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Cooling plate arrangement, battery system, electric vehicle and method for assembling

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