EP1533110B1 - Hot pressing apparatus with a press plate and at least an elastic layer - Google Patents

Hot pressing apparatus with a press plate and at least an elastic layer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1533110B1
EP1533110B1 EP04025006.0A EP04025006A EP1533110B1 EP 1533110 B1 EP1533110 B1 EP 1533110B1 EP 04025006 A EP04025006 A EP 04025006A EP 1533110 B1 EP1533110 B1 EP 1533110B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressing apparatus
pressure plate
lining
resilient
metal
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EP04025006.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1533110A3 (en
EP1533110A2 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Bachmann
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Heimbach GmbH and Co KG
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Heimbach GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to PL04025006T priority Critical patent/PL1533110T3/en
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Publication of EP1533110A3 publication Critical patent/EP1533110A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/061—Cushion plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/062—Press plates
    • B30B15/064—Press plates with heating or cooling means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
    • Y10T428/31663—As siloxane, silicone or silane

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressing device with a press plate for hot pressing of pressed material from the group laminates, wood materials, wood-plastic materials, chipboard, wood-paper, foil and Pappkombinationen for floors, walls and ceilings, wherein the pressing device at least one heatable press plate and wherein between the pressure plate and the press plate at least one elastic coating is arranged.
  • heated pressing devices which may be parts of a single or platen press, it is to achieve short cycle times and uniform pressing effects in order to ensure the highest possible and uniform heat transfer and extremely uniform distribution of high compressive forces over the entire pressed material. It must be remembered that it can be pressed material dimensions of 6 m x 9 m and above.
  • Negative examples of poor heat transfer are - but there wanted - multiple glazing of windows and evacuated thermos.
  • a press pad for hot plate presses in which a fabric of a random fiber nonwoven fabric is coated on both sides with silicone rubber.
  • a press pad is known from a fabric of intersecting filaments, the core of which is, for example, a silicone elastomer thread having a Shore A hardness of 60 to 75 wrapped by at least one metal wire.
  • the metal wires can be connected as electrical heating resistors. Air pockets between the tissue and the pressed material are thereby not excluded.
  • the pure metal sheets or metal plates are referred to in practice, which can be referred to as a support plates as a result, because they have a supporting function for applied coatings and coatings of one or more components in practice.
  • a press plate for hot pressing of pressed material wherein a corrosion-resistant and scratch-resistant glass coating is applied to the press plate for the production of highly smooth surfaces on the pressed material, which is also not elastic in itself. Again, the elasticity to compensate for inhomogeneities in the surface of the pressed material does not matter.
  • a plate press for the production of wood-based panels which comprises an upper press plate and a structural plate arranged thereunder, between which a press pad is arranged, and wherein the structural sheet is held by vacuum on an elastically deformable support plate.
  • the support plate is attached at the open plate press together with the structural sheet hanging on the upper press plate. Due to the sagging structural plate, a rapid closing of the plate press is to be made possible because the air cushion between the upper structural plate and the pressed material pressed out easily when closing the plate press from the slits formed as a result of slack becomes.
  • the advantages in closing and opening the plate press can be achieved even if the press pad is missing. But then air bubbles can not be avoided.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a coated press plate of the type described above for hot pressing, with the short cycle times and uniform or full-surface pressing effects for the highest possible and uniform heat transfer by avoiding air inclusions and Kältenestern and an extremely uniform distribution of high pressing forces over the entire Pressing material, long service lives and a low product scrap are achieved, especially for pressed material dimensions up to 6 mx 9 m and above.
  • the application of the elastic coating can be done either by uniform brushing, extruding from a slot or by pouring a first easily flowable mass of one or more nozzles according to a predetermined, very narrow and uniform distribution pattern on the press plate, wherein the first flowable mass at least largely distributed by itself, and then let the mass stand up to reach the predetermined Shore A hardness, for which silicone resins are particularly well suited.
  • FIG. 1 2 shows a section of a press device 1, which denotes a machine lower part 2, also referred to as a machine table, and a press plate 3, also referred to as a machine upper part, which is movable in the vertical direction by a plurality of synchronously acting drive elements 4, wherein the drive elements are used as hydraulic actuators. or pneumatic cylinders, but can also be designed as mechanical drive elements such as spindle drives.
  • a press device 1 denotes a machine lower part 2, also referred to as a machine table, and a press plate 3, also referred to as a machine upper part, which is movable in the vertical direction by a plurality of synchronously acting drive elements 4, wherein the drive elements are used as hydraulic actuators. or pneumatic cylinders, but can also be designed as mechanical drive elements such as spindle drives.
  • the usual, these components surrounding press frame is not shown for simplicity. Since it is a device for hot pressing of pressed material 5, machine base 2 and press plate 3 are provided with heaters.
  • the pressed material 5 solidifies in itself, be provided with a flat decorative coating and / or a surface profiling such as a wood pattern.
  • a press plate 6 is suspended from metal, by vertical bends 6a with vertical slots 7 and horizontal screws 8 at the peripheral edge 3a of the press plate 3 and / or by vertical, preferably only in the edge region arranged countersunk screws 9, not from the Press plate 6 protrude below.
  • Decisive in this case is the intermediate layer of an inherently elastic covering 10 which is either single-layered or multi-layered in the vertical direction can be, or even in the horizontal direction zones or areas of different Shore A hardness may have. This will be discussed in more detail in connection with other figures.
  • those with Shore A hardnesses between 40 and 80 even better those with Shore A hardnesses between 50 and 70, in particular those with Shore A hardnesses of about 60 in question. It is according to DIN 53 505 to dimensionless units. Very suitable are silicones or silicone materials. It will be on the RöMMP CHEMIE LEXIKON, Edition 1995, page 4137 and pages 4168 to 4172 directed.
  • the elasticity of the lining 10 must be sufficiently high, on the other hand, but also the thermal conductivity, which can be improved by the incorporation of particles, tissues or networks of metal.
  • the thickness of the elastic covering 10 or the sum of all elastic layer components of the lining 10 is a range between 1 and 4 mm in question.
  • the compound of the lining 10 with the press plate 6 can preferably be improved by a bonding agent.
  • Such adhesion promoters or adhesives are known per se and are commercially available. Please refer RöMMP CHEMIE LEXIKON, 1995 Edition, pages 1703 and 1704 ,
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through a press plate 6 with a single, single-layer elastic coating 10.
  • Die FIG. 3 shows a vertical section through a press plate 6 with an elastic covering 10, the zones or regions 10a and 10b of different Shore A hardness, having, preferably, the area 10a with the larger Shore A hardness above all over the entire peripheral region of the press plate 6 extends.
  • the FIG. 4 shows the item of FIG. 3 with an additional metal layer 11, eg a soft metal foil.
  • FIG. 5 shows a corner of a protruding edge 6 b pressing plate 6 with an elastic coating 10 after FIG. 2 on which a layer 11 made of a soft metal foil is applied, which is partially removed for better clarity.
  • the FIG. 6 shows a corner of a press plate 6 after FIG. 3 in plan view with zones or regions 10a and 10b of different Shore A hardnesses.
  • This layer design enables a compensation of different surface geometries of the pressed material 5 (FIG. FIG. 1 ). With the subject invention, it is possible to exert the same compressive forces on the pressed material 5 with each surface element of the lining at the same temperatures.
  • FIG. 7 shows a vertical section through a press plate 6 with a coating 10, which is composed alternately of three elastic layers 10c and two soft metal layers 11, which consist for example of copper sheet and / or a copper fabric with a thickness of 0.3 to 0.4 mm ,

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pressvorrichtung mit einem Pressblech zum Heisspressen von Preßgut aus der Gruppe Laminate, Holzwerkstoffe, Holz-Kunststoff-Werkstoffe, Spanplatten, Holz- Papier-, Folien- und Pappkombinationen für Fussböden, Wände und Decken, wobei die Pressvorrichtung mindestens eine beheizbare Pressplatte aufweist und wobei zwischen der Pressplatte und dem Pressblech mindestens ein elastischer Belag angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a pressing device with a press plate for hot pressing of pressed material from the group laminates, wood materials, wood-plastic materials, chipboard, wood-paper, foil and Pappkombinationen for floors, walls and ceilings, wherein the pressing device at least one heatable press plate and wherein between the pressure plate and the press plate at least one elastic coating is arranged.

Bei derartigen beheizten Pressvorrichtungen, die Teile einer Einfach- oder Etagenpresse sein können, geht es zum Erzielen kurzer Taktzeiten und gleichmässiger Presswirkungen darum, für höchstmögliche und gleichmässige Wärmeübergänge und eine extrem gleichmässige Verteilung hoher Presskräfte über das gesamte Pressgut zu sorgen. Dabei muss man sich vor Augen halten, dass es sich um Pressgutabmessungen von 6 m x 9 m und darüber handeln kann.In such heated pressing devices, which may be parts of a single or platen press, it is to achieve short cycle times and uniform pressing effects in order to ensure the highest possible and uniform heat transfer and extremely uniform distribution of high compressive forces over the entire pressed material. It must be remembered that it can be pressed material dimensions of 6 m x 9 m and above.

Negativbeispiele für schlechte Wärmeübergänge sind - dort allerdings gewollt - Mehfachverglasungen von Fenstern und evakuierte Thermosgefässe.Negative examples of poor heat transfer are - but there wanted - multiple glazing of windows and evacuated thermos.

Auf dem Sachgebiet, zu dem der Stand der Technik und die Erfindung gehören, unterscheidet die Fachwelt zwischen Presspolstern und beschichteten Pressblechen.In the field to which the state of the art and the invention belong, the experts distinguish between press pads and coated press plates.

Presspolster:Press pad:

Durch die DE 26 27 442 A1 ist ein Presspolster für Heizplattenpressen bekannt, bei dem ein Gewebe aus einem Wirrfaservlies beidseitig mit Silicongummi beschichtet ist.By the DE 26 27 442 A1 a press pad for hot plate presses is known in which a fabric of a random fiber nonwoven fabric is coated on both sides with silicone rubber.

Durch die EP 0 920 982 A1 ist ein Presspolster aus einem Gewebe sich kreuzender Fäden bekannt, deren Kern beispielsweise ein Faden aus einem Silicon-Elastomer mit einer Shore A-Härte von 60 bis 75 ist, der von mindestens einem Metalldraht umwickelt ist. Die Metalldrähte können dabei als elektrische Heizwiderstände geschaltet sein. Lufteinschlüsse zwischen dem Gewebe und dem Pressgut werden dadurch allerdings nicht ausgeschlossen.By the EP 0 920 982 A1 For example, a press pad is known from a fabric of intersecting filaments, the core of which is, for example, a silicone elastomer thread having a Shore A hardness of 60 to 75 wrapped by at least one metal wire. The metal wires can be connected as electrical heating resistors. Air pockets between the tissue and the pressed material are thereby not excluded.

Durch die EP 1 040 909 A1 ist es bekannt, ein in sich elastisches Presspolster auf beiden Seiten mit Aussenschichten zu versehen, die durch eine Vielzahl von Abstandsfäden miteinander verbunden sind. Zur Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs soll mindestens ein Teil der Abstandsfäden aus Metalldrähten bestehen. Diese können jedoch die isolierende Wirkung des eingeschlossenen Luftpolsters bei weitem nicht kompensieren.By the EP 1 040 909 A1 It is known to provide an inherently elastic press pad on both sides with outer layers which are interconnected by a plurality of spacer threads. To improve the heat transfer should be at least a portion of the spacer threads made of metal wires. However, these can not compensate for the insulating effect of the enclosed air cushion by far.

Durch das DE 200 11 432.U1 ist es bei einem Presspolster bekannt, ein textiles Gewebe aus Polyamid- und Metallfäden zumindest einseitig in eine durchgängige Schicht aus aus einem hitzebeständigen und druckfesten Polymermaterial einzubetten.By the DE 200 11 432.U1 It is known in a press pad to embed a textile fabric of polyamide and metal threads at least on one side in a continuous layer of a heat-resistant and pressure-resistant polymer material.

Durch die DE 100 34 374 A1 ist es weiterhin bekannt, zur Herstellung eines wärmeleitfähigen Presspolsters mit einer Maximaldicke von 2,2 mm und ohne Lufteinschlüsse ein Metallgewebe von der Oberseite her beidseitig mit einer metallpulverhaltigen Siliconmasse mit einem Vernetzer zu beschichten und dieses Presspolster auszuhärten.By the DE 100 34 374 A1 It is also known, for producing a thermally conductive press pad with a maximum thickness of 2.2 mm and without trapping air to coat a metal fabric from the top on both sides with a metal powder-containing silicone composition with a crosslinker and cure this press pad.

Durch das DE 200 13 422 U1 ist ein Presspolster aus sich kreuzenden Fäden oder Fadenbündeln bekannt, von denen mindestens ein Teil magnetische Eigenschaften zur Fixierung an einer Heizplatte aufweist. Von einer Beseitigung von isolierenden Lufteinschlüssen ist nicht die Rede.By the DE 200 13 422 U1 is a press pad of intersecting threads or filament bundles known, of which at least a part has magnetic properties for fixing to a heating plate. There is no question of removing insulating air pockets.

Durch das DE 201 15 945 U1 ist ein Presspolster bekannt, bei dem Wärmeleitfäden teilweise in eine Masse aus gummielastischem Werkstoff eingebetet sind und aus beiden Aussenseiten des Presspolsters vorstehen. Da bei stehen die Luftmassen zwischen den vorstehenden Metalldrähten und und die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Metallfäden selbst einander diametral entgegen. Selbst wenn im Laufe der sehr begrenzten Betriebsdauer die Metallfäden in den elastischen Werkstoff eingearbeitet werden, entsteht ein anderes Problem, nämlich die fehlende Möglichkeit, dass zwischen dem Presspolster und der Pressplatte eingeschlossene Luft entweichen kann.By the DE 201 15 945 U1 is a press pad known in which heat conduction partially embedded in a mass of rubber-elastic material and protrude from both outer sides of the press pad. Since the air masses between the projecting metal wires and the thermal conductivity of the metal filaments are diametrically opposed to each other. Even if the metal filaments are incorporated into the elastic material during the very limited operating time, another problem arises, namely the lack of possibility that air trapped between the press pad and the pressure plate can escape.

Damit die Pressvorrichtung geöffnet werden kann, müssen solche kurzlebigen Presspolster an der oberen Pressplatte aufgehängt werden, so dass sie nach Art von Hängematten in der Mitte nach unten "durchhängen", wenn sie nicht gerade magnetisches Material enthalten - wie z.B. der Gegenstand des DE 200 13 422 U1 - und auch die Pressplatte aus einem Magnetwerkstoff wie Stahl besteht. Damit wächst aber wiederum das Problem, dass Lufteinschlüsse zwischen den Presspolstern und der Pressplatte nicht oder nur langsam entweichen können, wobei dieses Problem mit zunehmender Glätte derjenigen Oberfläche zunimmt, die der Pressplatte zugekehrt ist. Mit anderen Worten, auch hier stehen sich der notwendige Wärmekontakt und die Lufteinschlüsse diametral entgegen.In order for the pressing device to be opened, such short-lived press cushions must be hung on the upper press plate so that they "hang down" in the manner of hammocks in the middle, if they do not contain just magnetic material - such as the subject of DE 200 13 422 U1 - And also the pressure plate consists of a magnetic material such as steel. However, this in turn increases the problem that air pockets between the press pads and the press plate can not or only slowly escape, and this problem increases with increasing smoothness of the surface facing the press plate. In other words, here too, the necessary thermal contact and the air inclusions are diametrically opposed.

Beschichtete Pressbleche:Coated press plates:

Als Pressbleche werden in der Praxis die reinen Metallbleche bzw. Metallplatten bezeichnet, die man infolgedessen auch als Tragbleche bezeichnen kann, weil sie eine tragende Funktion für aufgebrachte Beläge und Beschichtungen aus einer oder mehreren Komponenten aufweisen.As press plates, the pure metal sheets or metal plates are referred to in practice, which can be referred to as a support plates as a result, because they have a supporting function for applied coatings and coatings of one or more components in practice.

Durch die DE 39 11 958 A1 ist ein Pressblech für Kaltpressungen von mineralischen Werkstoffen bekannt, bei dem auf einer Leichtmetalltafel als Preßblech mindestens eine Außenschicht aus einem ultrahochmolekularen thermoplastischen Kunststoff wie Polyethylen aufgebracht ist. Ein solcher Belag ist hart. Hierbei spielt jedoch die Wärmeübertragung beim Verpressen des Pressguts keine Rolle, und die Elastizität zum Ausgleich von Inhomogenitäten in der Oberfläche des Pressguts spielt gleichfalls keine Rolle.By the DE 39 11 958 A1 is a press plate for cold pressing of mineral materials is known in which at least one outer layer of an ultra-high molecular weight thermoplastic material such as polyethylene is applied to a light metal panel as press plate. Such a surface is hard. In this case, however, the heat transfer during pressing of the pressed material is irrelevant, and the elasticity to compensate for inhomogeneities in the surface of the pressed material also plays no role.

Durch die DE 40 05 157 C1 ist ein Pressblech zum Heißpressen von Pressgut bekannt, wobei auf das Pressblech zur Herstellung von hochglatten Oberflächen am Pressgut eine korrosions- und kratzfeste Glasbeschichtung aufgebracht ist, die gleichfalls in sich nicht elastisch ist. Hierbei spielt wiederum die Elastizität zum Ausgleich von Inhomogenitäten in der Oberfläche des Pressguts keine Rolle.By the DE 40 05 157 C1 a press plate for hot pressing of pressed material is known, wherein a corrosion-resistant and scratch-resistant glass coating is applied to the press plate for the production of highly smooth surfaces on the pressed material, which is also not elastic in itself. Again, the elasticity to compensate for inhomogeneities in the surface of the pressed material does not matter.

Durch die DE 42 09 670 C1 sind Pressbleche für eine Heißpresse für Pressgut (Dekorlaminat mit einer strukturierten Oberfläche) mit einer Maximaldicke von 1,2 mm bekannt, wobei zwischen den Pressblechen und den Pressplatten Polsterschichten angeordnet sind. über deren Eigenschaften werden jedoch keine Angaben gemacht, insbesondere nicht darüber, aus welchen Werkstoffen die Polsterschichten bestehen und ob sie frei von Lufteinschlüssen sind. Es geht um die Lösung einer anderen Aufgabe, nämlich um die Abschirmung von beim Pressvorgang kleineren Pressguts nicht benutzten Oberflächenzonen durch abziehbare Schutzmasken gegen Beschädigungen und Verunreinigungen.By the DE 42 09 670 C1 Press plates are known for a hot press for pressed material (decorative laminate with a textured surface) with a maximum thickness of 1.2 mm, wherein between the press plates and the pressure plates padding layers are arranged. However, no information is given about their properties, in particular about which materials the upholstery layers consist of and whether they are free of air inclusions. It is about the solution of another object, namely the shielding of surface areas not used in the pressing process smaller pressing material by removable protective masks against damage and contamination.

Aus der DE 33 25 574 A1 ist eine Plattenpresse für die Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten bekannt, die eine obere Pressenplatte und ein darunter angeordnetes Strukturblech aufweist, zwischen denen ein Presspolster angeordnet ist, und bei der das Strukturblech durch Unterdruck an einem elastisch verformbaren Trägerblech gehalten ist. Das Trägerblech ist bei geöffneter Plattenpresse dabei zusammen mit dem Strukturblech durchhängbar an der oberen Pressenplatte befestigt. Aufgrund des durchhängenden Strukturblechs soll ein schnelles Schließen der Plattenpresse ermöglicht werden, weil das Luftpolster zwischen dem oberen Strukturblech und dem Pressgut beim Schließen der Plattenpresse aus den infolge des Durchhanges gebildeten Keilräumen unschwer herausgedrückt wird. Bei der bekannten Plattenpresse können die Vorteile beim Schließen und Öffnen der Plattenpresse auch dann erreicht werden, wenn das Presspolster fehlt. Dann lassen sich aber Lufteinschlüsse nicht vermeiden.From the DE 33 25 574 A1 a plate press for the production of wood-based panels is known which comprises an upper press plate and a structural plate arranged thereunder, between which a press pad is arranged, and wherein the structural sheet is held by vacuum on an elastically deformable support plate. The support plate is attached at the open plate press together with the structural sheet hanging on the upper press plate. Due to the sagging structural plate, a rapid closing of the plate press is to be made possible because the air cushion between the upper structural plate and the pressed material pressed out easily when closing the plate press from the slits formed as a result of slack becomes. In the known plate press, the advantages in closing and opening the plate press can be achieved even if the press pad is missing. But then air bubbles can not be avoided.

Aus der CH 509 877 A ist u.a. eine Vorrichtung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 offenbart.From the CH 509 877 A inter alia, a device according to the preamble of claim 1 is disclosed.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein beschichtetes Pressblech der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung für Heißpressen anzugeben, mit dem kurze Taktzeiten und gleichmäßige bzw. vollflächige Presswirkungen für höchstmögliche und gleichmäßige Wärmeübergänge durch Vermeidung von Lufteinschlüssen und Kältenestern sowie eine extrem gleichmäßige Verteilung hoher Presskräfte über das gesamte Pressgut, lange Standzeiten und ein geringer Produktausschuss erreicht werden, insbesondere für Pressgutabmessungen bis zu 6 m x 9 m und darüber.The invention is based on the object of specifying a coated press plate of the type described above for hot pressing, with the short cycle times and uniform or full-surface pressing effects for the highest possible and uniform heat transfer by avoiding air inclusions and Kältenestern and an extremely uniform distribution of high pressing forces over the entire Pressing material, long service lives and a low product scrap are achieved, especially for pressed material dimensions up to 6 mx 9 m and above.

Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst.The solution of the problem is solved according to the invention by the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Mit diesen Merkmalen werden kurze Taktzeiten und gleichmäßige bzw. vollflächige Presswirkungen für höchstmögliche und gleichmäßige Wärmeübergänge durch Vermeidung von Lufteinschlüssen und Kältenestern sowie eine extrem gleichmäßige Verteilung hoher Presskräfte über das gesamte Pressgut, lange Standzeiten und ein geringer Produktausschuss erreicht. Das gilt insbesondere für Pressgutabmessungen bis zu 6 m x 9 m und darüber. Eine Erhöhung der üblichen Arbeitstemperatur der Pressplatte von beispielhaft ca. 200°C kann durch die Vermeidung von Lufteinschlüssen unterbleiben, wodurch auch unnötige Wärmeverluste vermieden werden.With these features, short cycle times and uniform or full-surface pressing effects for the highest possible and uniform heat transfer by avoiding air inclusions and Kältenestern and an extremely uniform distribution of high compressive forces over the entire pressed material, long service life and low product scrap achieved. This applies in particular to pressed material dimensions of up to 6 m x 9 m and above. An increase of the usual working temperature of the pressure plate of example approx. 200 ° C can be avoided by avoiding air inclusions, whereby unnecessary heat losses are avoided.

Es ist im Zuge weiterer Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung besonders vorteilhaft, wenn - entweder einzeln oder in Kombination - :

  • * der elastische Belag eine Shore-A-Härte zwischen 40 und 80, insbesondere zwischen 50 und 70 und vorzugsweise von etwa 60 aufweist,
  • * der elastische Belag aus einem Silikonwerkstoff besteht,
  • * der elastische Belag mit partikelförmigen Metalleinlagen versehen ist,
  • * der elastische Belag mittels eines Haftvermittlers mit dem Pressblech verbunden ist,
  • * der elastische Belag eine Dicke von 1 bis 4 mm aufweist,
    der elastische Belag in Zonen unterschiedliche Shore-A-Härten unterteilt ist,
  • * der elastische Belag an den Randzonen des Pressblechs die jeweils relativ grösste Shore-A-Härte aufweist,
  • * das Pressblech eine Dicke zwischen 2 und 8 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 3 und 5 mm aufweist,
  • * das Pressblech aus mindestens einem Metall aus der Gruppe Edelstahl, Kupfer und Messing besteht,
  • * der elastische Belag des Pressblechs auf der der Pressplatte zugekehrten Seite mit einer Schicht aus einem weichen Metall versehen ist,
  • * die metallische Schicht aus Kupferblech besteht und eine Dicke zwischen 0,3 und 0,4 mm aufweist,
  • * die metallische Schicht aus einem feinen, in den elastischen Belag eingebetteten Metallgewebe besteht,
  • * das Pressblech auf der der Pressplatte zugekehrten Seite eine alternierende Schichtenfolge aus mindestens zwei elastischen Schichten und mindestens zwei Schichten aus weichem Metall aus der Gruppe der Metallfolien und der Metallgewebe aufweist,
  • * der Gesamtaufbau des beschichteten Pressblechs und der Pressplatte frei von Lufteinschlüssen ist,
  • * der Gesamtaufbau des beschichteten Pressblechs zumindest weitgehend selbsttragend ausgebildet ist,
  • * der Gesamtaufbau des beschichteten Pressblechs mit mindestens einer das Pressblech durchdringenden Schraube an der Unterseite der Pressplatte befestigt ist, und/oder, wenn
  • * der Gesamtaufbau des beschichteten Pressblechs am Umfangsrand der Pressplatte befestigt ist.
It is particularly advantageous in the course of further embodiments of the invention, if - either individually or in combination -:
  • the elastic covering has a Shore A hardness between 40 and 80, in particular between 50 and 70 and preferably of about 60,
  • * the elastic lining consists of a silicone material,
  • * the elastic covering is provided with particulate metal inserts,
  • * the elastic covering is connected by means of a bonding agent to the press plate,
  • * the elastic covering has a thickness of 1 to 4 mm,
    the elastic covering is divided into zones of different Shore A hardnesses,
  • * the elastic coating on the edge zones of the press plate has the relatively largest Shore A hardness,
  • * the press plate has a thickness between 2 and 8 mm, preferably between 3 and 5 mm,
  • * the press plate consists of at least one metal from the group stainless steel, copper and brass,
  • the elastic covering of the press plate is provided with a layer of soft metal on the side facing the press plate,
  • the metallic layer consists of copper sheet and has a thickness between 0.3 and 0.4 mm,
  • the metallic layer consists of a fine metal fabric embedded in the elastic covering,
  • * the press plate on the side facing the press plate has an alternating layer sequence of at least two elastic layers and at least two layers of soft metal from the group of metal foils and the metal fabric,
  • * the overall structure of the coated press plate and the press plate is free of trapped air,
  • * the overall structure of the coated press plate is at least largely self-supporting,
  • * the overall structure of the coated press plate is secured to the underside of the press plate with at least one screw penetrating the press plate and / or, if so
  • * The overall structure of the coated press plate is attached to the peripheral edge of the press plate.

Das Aufbringen des elastischen Belages kann entweder durch gleichmässiges Aufstreichen, Extrudieren aus einer Schlitzdüse oder dadurch erfolgen, daß man eine zunächst gut fliessfähige Masse aus einer oder mehreren Düsen nach einem vorgegebenen, sehr engen und gleichmässigen Verteilungsmusterauf das Pressblech aufgiesst, wobei sich die zunächst fliessfähige Masse zumindest weitgehend von selbst verteilt, und danach die Masse bis zum Erreichen der vorgegebenen Shore-A-Härte abstehen läßt, wofür sich Siliconharze besonders gut eignen.The application of the elastic coating can be done either by uniform brushing, extruding from a slot or by pouring a first easily flowable mass of one or more nozzles according to a predetermined, very narrow and uniform distribution pattern on the press plate, wherein the first flowable mass at least largely distributed by itself, and then let the mass stand up to reach the predetermined Shore A hardness, for which silicone resins are particularly well suited.

Ausführungsbeispiele des Erfindungsgegenstandes und deren Wirkungsweisen werden nachfolgend anhand der Figuren 1 bis 7 näher erläutert, die stark schematisiert und nicht unbedingt massstäblich sind.Embodiments of the subject invention and their modes of action are described below with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 7 explained in more detail, which are highly schematic and not necessarily true to scale.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Vertikalschnitt durch die wesentlichen Teile einer Pressvorrichtung mit Pressgut, Pressblech und elastischem Belag,
Figur 2
einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Pressblech mit einem einzigen elastischen Belag,
Figur 3
einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Pressblech mit einem elastischen Belag, der Zonen oder Bereiche unterschiedlicher Shore-AHärte, aufweist,
Figur 4
den Gegenstand von Figur 3 mit einer zusätzlichen Schicht aus Metall,
Figur 5
in einer Draufsicht eine Ecke eines Pressblech mit einem elastischen Belag nach Figur 2, auf den eine Schicht aus einer weichen Metallfolie aufgebracht ist, die zur besseren Übersicht zum Teil entfernt ist,
Figur 6
eine Ecke eines Pressblechs nach Figur 3 in der Draufsicht und
Figur 7
einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Pressblech mit einem Belag, der sich alternierend aus elastischen und weichen metallischen Schichten zusammensetzt.
Show it:
FIG. 1
a vertical section through the essential parts of a pressing device with pressed material, press plate and elastic lining,
FIG. 2
a vertical section through a press plate with a single elastic coating,
FIG. 3
a vertical section through a press plate with an elastic coating, the zones or areas of different Shore A hardness has,
FIG. 4
the object of FIG. 3 with an additional layer of metal,
FIG. 5
in a plan view, a corner of a press plate with an elastic coating after FIG. 2 on which a layer of a soft metal foil is applied, which is partially removed for clarity,
FIG. 6
a corner of a press plate behind FIG. 3 in plan view and
FIG. 7
a vertical section through a press plate with a covering, which is composed of alternating elastic and soft metallic layers.

In Figur 1 ist ein Ausschnitt aus einer Pressvorrichtung 1 dargestellt, die ein Maschinenunterteil 2, auch als Maschinentisch bezeichnet, und eine Pressplatte 3, auch als Maschinenoberteil bezeichnet, besitzt, das von mehreren synchron wirkenden Antriebselementen 4 in senkrechter Richtung bewegbar ist, wobei die Antriebselemente als Hydraulik- oder Pneumatikzylinder, aber auch als mechanische Antriebselemente wie Spindelantriebe ausgebildet sein können. Der übliche, diese Komponenten umgebende Pressenrahmen ist der Einfachheit halber nicht dargestellt. Da es sich um eine Vorrichtung zum Heißpressen von Pressgut 5 handelt, sind Maschinenunterteil 2 und Pressplatte 3 mit Heizvorrichtungen versehen. Diese Pressenkomponenten und ihre Funktionen sind bekannt und werden daher nicht näher beschrieben.In FIG. 1 2 shows a section of a press device 1, which denotes a machine lower part 2, also referred to as a machine table, and a press plate 3, also referred to as a machine upper part, which is movable in the vertical direction by a plurality of synchronously acting drive elements 4, wherein the drive elements are used as hydraulic actuators. or pneumatic cylinders, but can also be designed as mechanical drive elements such as spindle drives. The usual, these components surrounding press frame is not shown for simplicity. Since it is a device for hot pressing of pressed material 5, machine base 2 and press plate 3 are provided with heaters. These press components and their functions are known and are therefore not described in detail.

Durch die Pressvorrichtung 1 kann das Pressgut 5 in sich verfestigt, mit einer flächigen dekorativen Beschichtung und/oder einer Oberflächenprofilierung wie einem Holzmuster versehen werden.By pressing device 1, the pressed material 5 solidifies in itself, be provided with a flat decorative coating and / or a surface profiling such as a wood pattern.

An der Pressplatte 3 ist ein Pressblech 6 aus Metall aufgehängt, und zwar durch senkrechte Abwinklungen 6a mit senkrechten Langlöchern 7 und waagerechten Schrauben 8 am Umfangsrand 3a der Pressplatte 3 und/oder durch senkrechte, vorzugsweise nur im Randbereich angeordnete Senkschrauben 9, die nicht aus dem Pressblech 6 nach unter vorstehen. Entscheidend ist dabei die Zwischenlage eines in sich elastischen Belages 10 der in senkrechter Richtung entweder einlagig oder mehrlagig ausgebildet sein kann, oder der auch in waagrechter Richtung Zonen oder Bereiche unterschiedlicher Shore-A-Härte aufweisen kann. Hierauf wird im Zusammenhang mit weiteren Figuren noch näher eingegangen.On the press plate 3, a press plate 6 is suspended from metal, by vertical bends 6a with vertical slots 7 and horizontal screws 8 at the peripheral edge 3a of the press plate 3 and / or by vertical, preferably only in the edge region arranged countersunk screws 9, not from the Press plate 6 protrude below. Decisive in this case is the intermediate layer of an inherently elastic covering 10 which is either single-layered or multi-layered in the vertical direction can be, or even in the horizontal direction zones or areas of different Shore A hardness may have. This will be discussed in more detail in connection with other figures.

Vorzugsweise kommen als elastische Belagkomponenten solche mit Shore-A-Härten zwischen 40 und 80, noch besser solche mit Shore-A-Härten zwischen 50 und 70, insbesondere solche mit Shore-A-Härten von etwa 60 infrage. Es handelt sich nach DIN 53 505 um dimensionslose Einheiten. Sehr gut geeignet sind Silicone bzw. Siliconwerkstoffe. Es wird auf das RöMMP CHEMIE LEXIKON, Ausgabe 1995, Seite 4137 und Seiten 4168 bis 4172 verwiesen.Preferably, as elastic coating components, those with Shore A hardnesses between 40 and 80, even better those with Shore A hardnesses between 50 and 70, in particular those with Shore A hardnesses of about 60 in question. It is according to DIN 53 505 to dimensionless units. Very suitable are silicones or silicone materials. It will be on the RöMMP CHEMIE LEXIKON, Edition 1995, page 4137 and pages 4168 to 4172 directed.

Besonders wichtig sind dabei die völlig ebene Ausbildung des Pressblechs 6, des Belages 10, die Vermeidung von Lufteinschlüssen, und zwar sowohl innerhalb des Belages 10 als auch zwischen diesem Belag 10 und der Pressplatte 3 einerseits und dem Pressgut 5 andererseits. Weiterhin wichtig ist eine gute Wärmeleitung von der Pressplatte 3 zum Pressblech 6. Einerseits muss die Elastizität des Belages 10 ausreichend hoch sein, andererseits aber auch die Wärmeleitfähigkeit, die durch die Einlagerung von Partikeln, Geweben oder Netzen aus Metall verbessert werden kann.Particularly important are the completely flat design of the press plate 6, the covering 10, the prevention of air inclusions, both within the lining 10 and between this covering 10 and the pressing plate 3 on the one hand and the pressed material 5 on the other. On the one hand, the elasticity of the lining 10 must be sufficiently high, on the other hand, but also the thermal conductivity, which can be improved by the incorporation of particles, tissues or networks of metal.

Für die Dicke des elastischen Belages 10 bzw. die Summe aller elastischen Schichtkomponenten des Belages 10 kommt ein Bereich zwischen 1 und 4 mm infrage. Für die Dicke des Pressblechs 6 ein Bereich zwischen 2 und 8 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 3 und 5 mm. Die Verbindung des Belages 10 mit dem Pressblech 6 kann bevorzugt durch einen Haftvermittler verbessert werden. Solche Haftvermittler oder Haftmittel sind - für sich genommen - bekannt und im Handel erhältlich. Siehe RöMMP CHEMIE LEXIKON, Ausgabe 1995, Seiten 1703 und 1704 .For the thickness of the elastic covering 10 or the sum of all elastic layer components of the lining 10 is a range between 1 and 4 mm in question. For the thickness of the press plate 6, a range between 2 and 8 mm, preferably between 3 and 5 mm. The compound of the lining 10 with the press plate 6 can preferably be improved by a bonding agent. Such adhesion promoters or adhesives are known per se and are commercially available. Please refer RöMMP CHEMIE LEXIKON, 1995 Edition, pages 1703 and 1704 ,

Die Figur 2 zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine Pressblech 6 mit einem einzigen, einschichtigen elastischen Belag 10. Die Figur 3 zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Pressblech 6 mit einem elastischen Belag 10, der Zonen oder Bereiche 10a und 10b unterschiedlicher Shore-A-Härte, aufweist, wobei sich vorzugsweise der Bereich 10a mit der grösseren Shore-A-Härte vor allem über dem gesamten Umfangsbereich des Pressblechs 6 erstreckt. Die Figur 4 zeigt den Gegenstand von Figur 3 mit einer zusätzlichen Schicht 11 aus Metall, z.B. einer weichen Metallfolie.The FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through a press plate 6 with a single, single-layer elastic coating 10. Die FIG. 3 shows a vertical section through a press plate 6 with an elastic covering 10, the zones or regions 10a and 10b of different Shore A hardness, having, preferably, the area 10a with the larger Shore A hardness above all over the entire peripheral region of the press plate 6 extends. The FIG. 4 shows the item of FIG. 3 with an additional metal layer 11, eg a soft metal foil.

Die Figur 5 zeigt eine Ecke eines am Rand 6b überstehenden Pressblechs 6 mit einem elastischen Belag 10 nach Figur 2, auf den eine Schicht 11 aus einer weichen Metallfolie aufgebracht ist, die zur besseren übersicht zum Teil entfernt ist. Die Figur 6 zeigt eine Ecke eines Pressblechs 6 nach Figur 3 in der Draufsicht mit Zonen bzw. Bereichen 10a und 10b unterschiedlicher Shore-A-Härten. Diese Schichtgestaltung ermöglicht einen Ausgleich unterschiedlicher Oberflächengeometrien des Pressguts 5 (Figur 1). Mit dem Erfindungsgegenstand ist es möglich, mit jedem Flächenelement des Belages bei gleichen Temperaturen gleiche Druckkräfte auf das Pressgut 5 auszuüben.The FIG. 5 shows a corner of a protruding edge 6 b pressing plate 6 with an elastic coating 10 after FIG. 2 on which a layer 11 made of a soft metal foil is applied, which is partially removed for better clarity. The FIG. 6 shows a corner of a press plate 6 after FIG. 3 in plan view with zones or regions 10a and 10b of different Shore A hardnesses. This layer design enables a compensation of different surface geometries of the pressed material 5 (FIG. FIG. 1 ). With the subject invention, it is possible to exert the same compressive forces on the pressed material 5 with each surface element of the lining at the same temperatures.

Die Figur 7 zeigt einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Pressblech 6 mit einem Belag 10, der sich alternierend aus drei elastischen Schichten 10c und zwei weichen Metallschichten 11 zusammensetzt, die beispielhaft aus Kupferblech und/oder einem Kupfergewebe mit einer Dicke von jeweils 0,3 bis 0,4 mm bestehen.The FIG. 7 shows a vertical section through a press plate 6 with a coating 10, which is composed alternately of three elastic layers 10c and two soft metal layers 11, which consist for example of copper sheet and / or a copper fabric with a thickness of 0.3 to 0.4 mm ,

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Pressvorrichtungpressing device
22
MaschinenunterteilMachine part
33
Pressplattepress plate
3a3a
Umfangsrandcircumferential edge
44
Antriebselementepower Transmission
55
Pressgutpressed material
66
Pressblechpress plate
6a6a
Abwinklungenbends
6b6b
Randedge
77
Langlöcherslots
88th
Schraubenscrew
99
Senkschraubencountersunk screws
1010
elastischer Belagelastic covering
10a10a
Zonen oder BereicheZones or areas
10b10b
Zonen oder BereicheZones or areas
10c10c
Schicht, MetallschichtLayer, metal layer
1111
Schichtlayer

Claims (18)

  1. Pressing apparatus having a pressure plate (6) for the hot pressing of material (5) from the group laminates, wood materials, wood-plastic materials, chip and flake board, wood, paper, film and pulpboard combinations for floor, walls and ceilings, wherein the pressing apparatus (1) has at least one heatable platen (3), and wherein an resilient lining (10) is disposed between the platen (3) and the pressure plate (6) characterized in that the pressure plate (6) has on opposite sides perpendicular upturned portions (6a) with perpendicular slots (2) via which the pressure plate (6) is suspended to the marginal edge (3a) of the pressure plate (6) by means of horizontal screws (8), the pressure plate (6) has on the side facing the platen (3) between the upturned portions (6a) at least one lining (10) of a thermally conductive, resilient plastic tightly adhering to the pressure plate (6) and that the pressure plate (6) lies with its lining (10) free of air gap against the platen (3).
  2. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the resilient lining (10) has a Shore-A hardness between 40 and 80.
  3. Pressing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the resilient lining (10) as a Shore-A hardness between 50 and 70.
  4. Pressing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the resilient lining (10) has a Shore-A hardness of about 60.
  5. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the resilient lining (10) consists of a silicone material.
  6. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the resilient lining (10) is provided with metal embedments in particle form.
  7. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the resilient lining (10) is bonded with an adhesive to the pressure plate (6).
  8. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the resilient lining (10) has a thickness of 1 to 4 mm.
  9. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the resilient lining (10) has zones (10a, 10b) of different Shore-A hardness.
  10. Pressing apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the resilient lining (10) has the relatively greatest Shore-A hardness at the marginal zones of the pressure plate (6).
  11. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure plate (6) has a thickness between 2 and 8 mm.
  12. Pressing apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the pressure plate (6) has a thickness between 3 and 5 mm.
  13. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure plate (6) consists of at least one metal from the group of stainless steel, copper and brass.
  14. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the resilient lining (10) of the pressure plate (6) is provided on the side facing the platen (3) with a layer (11) of a soft metal.
  15. Pressing apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the metal layer (11) consists of sheet copper and has a thickness between 0,3 and 0,4 mm.
  16. Pressing apparatus according to claim 14 characterized in that the metal layer (11) consists of a fine metal mesh embedded in the resilient lining (10).
  17. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure plate (6) has on the side facing the platen (3) a series of layers of at least two resilient layers (10c) and at least two layers (11) of soft metal from the group of the metal foils and metals meshes.
  18. Pressing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the overall structure of the layered pressure plate (6) is fastened to the underside of the platen (3) with at least one screw (4) penetrating the pressure plate (6).
EP04025006.0A 2003-11-12 2004-10-21 Hot pressing apparatus with a press plate and at least an elastic layer Active EP1533110B1 (en)

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DE10352754 2003-11-12

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US7465371B2 (en) 2008-12-16
PL1533110T3 (en) 2016-06-30
EP1533110A3 (en) 2007-11-07
DE10352754B3 (en) 2005-06-30
CA2487552C (en) 2013-01-22
EP1533110A2 (en) 2005-05-25
CA2487552A1 (en) 2005-05-12
US20050112384A1 (en) 2005-05-26
ES2558863T3 (en) 2016-02-09

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