EP1533110A2 - Hot pressing apparatus with a press plate and at least an elastic layer - Google Patents

Abstract

A pressing apparatus comprises at least one heatable platen, and a resilient lining disposed between the platen and pressure plate having on the side facing the platen at least one lining of a thermally conductive, resilient plastic tightly adhering to the pressure plate. The pressure plate lies with its lining free of air gap against the platen.

Description

The invention relates to a pressing device with a press plate for Hot pressing of pressed material from the group laminates, wood-based materials, Wood-plastic materials, chipboard, wood-paper, foil and wood Cardboard combinations for floors, walls and ceilings, wherein the pressing device has at least one heatable press plate and wherein between the press plate and the press plate at least one elastic Covering is arranged.

In such heated press devices, the parts of a single or Plane press, it is to achieve short cycle times and uniform pressing effects therefore, for the highest possible and even Heat transfer and an extremely even distribution high pressing forces to worry about the entire pressed material. It must keep in mind that it is pressed material dimensions of 6 m x 9 m and above can act.

Negative examples of poor heat transfer are - there, however wanted - double glazing of windows and evacuated thermos.

In the field to which the prior art and the invention belong, the professional world distinguishes between press pads and coated press plates.

Press pad:

By DE 26 27 442 A1 is a press pad for hot plate presses known in which a fabric of a random fiber fleece with both sides Silicone rubber is coated.

EP 0 920 982 A1 discloses a press pad made of a fabric crossing threads known whose core, for example, a thread a silicone elastomer having a Shore A hardness of 60 to 75, that of at least one metal wire is wrapped. The metal wires can be connected as electrical heating resistors. air pockets between the tissue and the pressed material, however, are not locked out.

It is known from EP 1 040 909 A1 to have an inherently elastic press pad to be provided on both sides with outer layers by a Variety of spacer threads are connected together. For improvement the heat transfer should at least a part of the spacer threads consist of metal wires. However, these can have the insulating effect of the enclosed air cushion by far not compensate.

By DE 200 11 432.U1 it is known in a press pad, a textile fabric made of polyamide and metal threads at least on one side in one continuous layer made of a heat-resistant and pressure-resistant Embed polymer material.

From DE 100 34 374 A1, it is also known for the production of a thermally conductive press pad with a maximum thickness of 2.2 mm and without air pockets a metal fabric from the top on both sides with a metal powder-containing silicone composition with a crosslinker to coat and cure this press pad.

By DE 200 13 422 U1 is a press pad of intersecting Threads or filament bundles known, of which at least one part having magnetic properties for fixing to a heating plate. From There is no question of removing insulating air bubbles.

By DE 201 15 945 U1 a press pad is known in which Wärmeleitfäden partially in a mass of rubber-elastic material are embedded and from both outer sides of the press pad protrude. Since standing at the air masses between the above Metal wires and and the thermal conductivity of the metal filaments themselves diametrically opposed to each other. Even if in the course of very limited Operating time the metal threads incorporated into the elastic material another problem arises, namely the inability to that trapped between the press pad and the press plate Air can escape.

So that the pressing device can be opened, such short-lived must Press pads are hung on the upper press plate, so that they hang down in the middle in the manner of hammocks, if they do not contain magnetic material - e.g. of the Subject of DE 200 13 422 U1 - and also the press plate from a Magnetic material such as steel. But with that, that's growing again Problem that air pockets between the press pads and the Press plate can not or only slowly escape, this being Problem increases with increasing smoothness of the surface that the Pressing plate is facing. In other words, here too stand the necessary thermal contact and the air inclusions diametrically opposed.

Coated press plates:

As press plates in practice, the pure metal sheets or Metal plates referred to, which you as a result, as a support plates can designate because it is a supporting function for applied coverings and coatings of one or more components.

By DE 39 11 958 A1 is a press plate for cold pressing of Mineral materials known in which on a light metal panel as Press plate at least one outer layer of an ultra-high molecular weight thermoplastic material such as polyethylene is applied. One such topping is hard. Here, however, the heat transfer plays at Pressing of the pressed material does not matter, and the elasticity to compensate of inhomogeneities in the surface of the pressed material also plays not matter.

By DE 40 05 157 C1 is a press plate for hot pressing of Pressgut known, said on the press plate for the production of highly smooth Surfaces on the pressed material a corrosion and scratch-resistant glass coating is applied, which is also not elastic in itself. In turn, elasticity plays a role in balancing inhomogeneities in the surface of the pressed material does not matter.

By DE 42 09 670 C1 press plates for a hot press for Pressed material (decorative laminate with a textured surface) with a Maximum thickness of 1.2 mm known, being between the press plates and The press plates are arranged cushioning layers. about their properties However, no information is provided, especially not about which materials the upholstery layers consist of and whether they are free of trapped air. It's about the solution of another Task, namely the shielding of the pressing process smaller Pressings unused surface zones by removable protective masks against damage and contamination.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a coated press plate to specify the type of hot presses described above, with the short cycle times and uniform or full-surface pressing effects for highest possible and even heat transfer through Prevention of air bubbles and cold esters as well as an extreme uniform distribution of high pressing forces over the entire pressed material, long service lives and a low product scrap are achieved, especially for dimensions of up to 6 m x 9 m and above.

a) das Pressblech auf der der Pressplatte zugekehrten Seite mindestens einen am Pressblech fest haftenden Belag aus einem wärmeleitenden, elastischen Kunststoff aufweist, und dass

b) das Pressblech mit seinem Belag luftspaltfrei an der Pressplatte anliegt.

The solution of the task is carried out according to the invention in the press plate mentioned above in that

a) the press plate on the side facing the pressing plate has at least one firmly adhering to the press plate covering made of a thermally conductive, elastic plastic, and that

b) the press plate rests with its covering free of air gap on the press plate.

With these features, the task at hand becomes full solved. There are short cycle times and uniform or full-surface Pressing effects for the highest possible and even heat transfer by avoiding air inclusions and cold esters as well as a extremely even distribution of high pressing forces over the whole Pressed material, long service lives and a low product scrap achieved. This applies in particular to pressed material dimensions of up to 6 m x 9 m and about that. An increase in the usual working temperature of the press plate by example about 200 ° C can be avoided by avoiding trapped air stay away, thereby avoiding unnecessary heat loss become.

• der elastische Belag eine Shore-A-Härte zwischen 40 und 80, insbesondere zwischen 50 und 70 und vorzugsweise von etwa 60 aufweist,
• der elastische Belag aus einem Siliconwerkstoff besteht,
• der elastische Belag mit partikelförmigen Metalleinlagen versehen ist,
• der elastische Belag mittels eines Haftvermittlers mit dem Pressblech verbunden ist,
• der elastische Belag eine Dicke von 1 bis 4 mm aufweist,
  der elastische Belag in Zonen unterschiedliche Shore-A-Härten unterteilt ist,
• der elastische Belag an den Randzonen des Pressblechs die jeweils relativ grösste Shore-A-Härte aufweist,
• das Pressblech eine Dicke zwischen 2 und 8 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 3 und 5 mm aufweist,
• das Pressblech aus mindestens einem Metall aus der Gruppe Edelstahl, Kupfer und Messing besteht,
• der elastische Belag des Pressblechs auf der der Pressplatte zugekehrten Seite mit einer Schicht aus einem weichen Metall versehen ist,
• die metallische Schicht aus Kupferblech besteht und eine Dicke zwischen 0,3 und 0,4 mm aufweist,
• die metallische Schicht aus einem feinen, in den elastischen Belag eingebetteten Metallgewebe besteht,
• das Pressblech auf der der Pressplatte zugekehrten Seite eine alternierende Schichtenfolge aus mindestens zwei elastischen Schichten und mindestens zwei Schichten aus weichem Metall aus der Gruppe der Metallfolien und der Metallgewebe aufweist,
• der Gesamtaufbau des beschichteten Pressblechs und der Pressplatte frei von Lufteinschlüssen ist,
• der Gesamtaufbau des beschichteten Pressblechs zumindest weitgehend selbsttragend ausgebildet ist,
• der Gesamtaufbau des beschichteten Pressblechs mit mindestens einer das Pressblech durchdringenden Schraube an der Unterseite der Pressplatte befestigt ist, und/oder, wenn
• der Gesamtaufbau des beschichteten Pressblechs am Umfangsrand der Pressplatte befestigt ist.

It is particularly advantageous in the course of further embodiments of the invention, if - either individually or in combination -:

• the elastic covering has a Shore A hardness between 40 and 80, in particular between 50 and 70 and preferably of about 60,
• the elastic covering consists of a silicone material,
• the elastic covering is provided with particulate metal inserts,
• the elastic covering is connected by means of a bonding agent to the press plate,
• the elastic covering has a thickness of 1 to 4 mm,
  the elastic covering is divided into zones of different Shore A hardnesses,
• the elastic covering at the edge zones of the press plate has the respectively relatively greatest Shore A hardness,
• the press plate has a thickness between 2 and 8 mm, preferably between 3 and 5 mm,
• the press plate consists of at least one metal from the group stainless steel, copper and brass,
• the elastic covering of the pressing plate is provided with a layer of a soft metal on the side facing the pressing plate,
• the metallic layer consists of copper sheet and has a thickness between 0.3 and 0.4 mm,
• the metallic layer consists of a fine metal mesh embedded in the elastic covering,
• the press plate on the side facing the press plate has an alternating layer sequence of at least two elastic layers and at least two layers of soft metal from the group of metal foils and the metal fabric,
• the overall structure of the coated press plate and the press plate is free of air inclusions,
• the overall structure of the coated press plate is at least largely self-supporting,
• the overall structure of the coated press plate is secured to the underside of the press plate with at least one screw penetrating the press plate, and / or if so
• the overall structure of the coated press plate is fixed to the peripheral edge of the press plate.

The application of the elastic coating can either by uniform Brushing, extruding from a slot or through it take place, that one first good flowable mass of one or several nozzles according to a given, very narrow and uniform Distribution pattern aufges on the press plate, wherein the initially flowable mass at least largely distributed by itself, and then the mass until reaching the specified Shore A hardness let stand, for what silicone resins are particularly well suited.

Embodiments of the subject invention and their modes of action will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, which are highly schematized and not necessarily true to scale.

Figur 1

einen Vertikalschnitt durch die wesentlichen Teile einer Pressvorrichtung mit Pressgut, Pressblech und elastischem Belag,

Figur 2

einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Pressblech mit einem einzigen elastischen Belag,

Figur 3

einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Pressblech mit einem elastischen Belag, der Zonen oder Bereiche unterschiedlicher Shore-A--Härte, aufweist,

Figur 4

den Gegenstand von Figur 3 mit einer zusätzlichen Schicht aus Metall,

Figur 5

eine Ecke eines Pressblech mit einem elastischen Belag nach Figur 2, auf den eine Schicht aus einer weichen Metallfolie aufgebracht ist, die zur besseren übersicht zum Teil entfernt ist,

Figur 6

eine Ecke eines Pressblechs nach Figur 3 in der Draufsicht und

Figur 7

einen Vertikalschnitt durch ein Pressblech mit einem Belag, der sich alternierend aus elastischen und weichen metallischen Schichten zusammensetzt.

Show it:

FIG. 1

a vertical section through the essential parts of a pressing device with pressed material, press plate and elastic lining,

FIG. 2

a vertical section through a press plate with a single elastic coating,

FIG. 3

a vertical section through a press plate with an elastic coating, the zones or areas of different Shore A hardness has,

FIG. 4

the article of Figure 3 with an additional layer of metal,

FIG. 5

a corner of a press plate with an elastic covering according to Figure 2, on which a layer of a soft metal foil is applied, which is partially removed for clarity,

FIG. 6

a corner of a press plate according to Figure 3 in plan view and

FIG. 7

a vertical section through a press plate with a covering, which is composed of alternating elastic and soft metallic layers.

1 shows a section of a pressing device 1 is shown, the a machine base 2, also referred to as a machine table, and a Press plate 3, also referred to as the machine head has, that of several synchronously acting drive elements 4 in the vertical direction is movable, wherein the drive elements as a hydraulic or Pneumatic cylinders, but also as mechanical drive elements such as Spindle drives can be designed. The usual, these components surrounding press frame is not shown for the sake of simplicity. There it is a device for hot pressing of pressed material. 5 are machine base 2 and press plate 3 with heaters Mistake. These press components and their functions are known and are therefore not described in detail.

By pressing device 1, the pressed material 5 solidifies in, with a flat decorative coating and / or a surface profiling like a wood pattern.

On the pressing plate 3, a press plate 6 is suspended from metal, namely by vertical bends 6a with vertical oblong holes 7 and horizontal screws 8 at the peripheral edge 3a of the press plate 3 and / or by vertical, preferably only in the edge region arranged countersunk screws 9, which do not protrude from the press plate 6 down. Decisive here is the intermediate layer of an elastic covering 10 formed in the vertical direction either single-layered or multi-layered or even in horizontal direction zones or May have areas of different Shore A hardness. This will be in the Connection with other figures discussed in more detail.

Preferably come as elastic covering components with such Shore A hardnesses between 40 and 80, even better with Shore A hardnesses between 50 and 70, especially those with Shore A hardness of about 60 in question. It is according to DIN 53 505 to dimensionless units. Very suitable are silicones or silicone materials. It will be on the RöMMP CHEMIE LEXIKON, Edition 1995, page 4137 and pages 4168 bis Directed 4172.

Particularly important are the completely flat design of the press plate 6, the coating 10, the prevention of air bubbles, namely both within the pad 10 and between this pad 10 and the pressing plate 3 on the one hand and the pressed material 5 on the other. Farther important is a good heat conduction from the press plate 3 to the press plate 6. On the one hand, the elasticity of the lining 10 must be sufficiently high, on the other hand, but also the thermal conductivity, by the storage of particles, tissues or nets of metal can be improved.

For the thickness of the elastic covering 10 or the sum of all elastic Layer components of the lining 10 comes in a range between 1 and 4 mm in question. For the thickness of the press plate 6, a range between 2 and 8 mm, preferably between 3 and 5 mm. The connection of the Pad 10 with the press plate 6 may preferably by a bonding agent be improved. Such adhesion promoters or adhesives are - by themselves taken - known and commercially available. See RöMP CHEMISTRY LEXICON, Edition 1995, pages 1703 and 1704.

FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through a press plate 6 with a single, single-layer elastic covering 10. Figure 3 shows a Vertical section through a press plate 6 with an elastic covering 10, the Zones or regions 10a and 10b of different Shore A hardness, , wherein preferably the area 10 a with the larger Shore A hardness especially over the entire circumference of the Press plate 6 extends. FIG. 4 shows the subject matter of FIG. 3 an additional layer 11 of metal, e.g. a soft metal foil.

FIG. 5 shows a corner of a pressing plate protruding at the edge 6b 6 with an elastic covering 10 according to Figure 2, on which a layer 11 of a soft metal foil is applied, which for better clarity to Part is removed. FIG. 6 shows a corner of a press plate 6 Figure 3 in plan view with zones or regions 10a and 10b different Shore A hardness. This layer design allows a Compensation of different surface geometries of the pressed material 5 (Figure 1). With the subject invention, it is possible with each Surface element of the lining at the same temperatures same compressive forces exert on the crop 5.

FIG. 7 shows a vertical section through a press plate 6 with a Pad 10, which alternately consists of three elastic layers 10c and composed of two soft metal layers 11, the example of Copper sheet and / or a copper mesh with a thickness of 0.3 each to 0.4 mm exist.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

pressing device

2

Machine part

3

press plate

3a

circumferential edge

4

power Transmission

5

pressed material

6

press plate

6a

bends

6b

edge

7

slots

8th

screw

9

countersunk screws

10

elastic covering

10a

Zones or areas

10b

Zones or areas

10c

Layer, metal layer

11

layer

Claims (21)

Pressing device with a press plate (6) for hot pressing of pressed material (5) from the group laminates, wood materials, wood-plastic materials, chipboard, wood-paper, foil and cardboard combinations for floors, walls and ceilings, wherein the pressing device (1 ) has at least one heatable pressure plate (3) and wherein between the pressure plate (3) and the pressure plate (6) at least one elastic coating (10) is arranged,
characterized in that a) the press plate (6) on the press plate (3) facing side at least one on the press plate (6) firmly adhering coating (10) made of a thermally conductive, elastic plastic, and that b) the press plate (6) rests with its covering (10) free of air gap on the press plate (3). Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic covering (10) has a Shore A hardness between 40 and 80. Pressing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the elastic covering (10) has a Shore A hardness between 50 and 70. Pressing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the elastic covering (10) has a Shore A hardness of about 60. Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic covering (10) consists of a silicone material. Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic covering (10) is provided with particulate metal inserts. Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic covering (10) is connected by means of a bonding agent with the press plate (6). Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic covering (10) has a thickness of 1 to 4 mm. Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic covering (10) in zones (10a, 10b) has different Shore A hardnesses. Pressing device according to claim 9, characterized in that the elastic covering (10) at the edge zones of the press plate (6) has the respectively relatively largest Shore A hardness. Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the press plate (6) has a thickness between 2 and 8 mm. Pressing device according to claim 11, characterized in that the press plate (6) has a thickness between 3 and 5 mm. Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the press plate (6) consists of at least one metal from the group of stainless steel, copper and brass. Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic covering (10) of the pressing plate (6) is provided on the side facing the pressing plate (3) with a layer (11) of a soft metal. Pressing device according to claim 14, characterized in that the metallic layer (11) consists of copper sheet and has a thickness between 0.3 and 0.4 mm. Pressing device according to claim 14, characterized in that the metallic layer (11) consists of a fine, in the elastic covering (10) embedded metal fabric. Press device according to claim 1, characterized in that the press plate (6) on the press plate (3) facing side a layer sequence of at least two elastic layers (10c) and at least two layers (11) of soft metal from the group of metal foils and Has metal fabric. Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the overall structure of the coated pressing plate (6) and the pressing plate (3) is free of air inclusions. Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the overall structure of the coated press plate (6) is at least substantially self-supporting. Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the overall structure of the coated press plate (6) with at least one screw (4) penetrating the press plate (6) is fastened to the underside of the press plate (3). Pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the overall structure of the coated press plate (6) is fixed to the peripheral edge (3a) of the press plate (3).

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