EP1532713B1 - Hektometrische wellen ubertragungsantenne - Google Patents

Hektometrische wellen ubertragungsantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1532713B1
EP1532713B1 EP03763918.4A EP03763918A EP1532713B1 EP 1532713 B1 EP1532713 B1 EP 1532713B1 EP 03763918 A EP03763918 A EP 03763918A EP 1532713 B1 EP1532713 B1 EP 1532713B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
excitation
wire
unit
antenna according
conductive
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03763918.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1532713A1 (de
Inventor
Philippe Piole
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Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
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Telediffusion de France ets Public de Diffusion
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/14—Supports; Mounting means for wire or other non-rigid radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/14—Supports; Mounting means for wire or other non-rigid radiating elements
    • H01Q1/16—Strainers, spreaders, or spacers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transmitting antenna in particular hectometric waves, that is to say in a medium frequency band of approximately between 300 kHz and 3 MHz. More particularly, it relates to a broadcasting antenna for radio program broadcasting in the medium wave band between 500 kHz and 1600 kHz in the context of the development of the worldwide digital broadcasting standardization DRM (Digital Radio Mondiale).
  • DRM Digital Radio Mondiale
  • insulated radiant towers of very great height of the order of 20 to 200 meters are generally installed far from the cities and diffuse relatively high powers. If it is desired to install such a pylon near an agglomeration or in the city, an important location, particularly for security purposes, must be available to erect the radiating pylon and install the network of earth associated with the pylon and comprising several wires placed on the ground. soil or shallow depth in the soil. Therefore, to install a pylon type antenna, it is necessary to obtain land for its location as well as administrative permissions, and approval from immediate neighbors.
  • the pylon-type antenna does not multiplex high power several transmission signals with different frequencies; for example, it is impossible to multiplex transmission signals whose power differences are for example, one at 300 kW and the other at 1 kW.
  • the objective of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of known MF antennas, so as to avoid any search for a new location for such an antenna and to propose more economical and more discreet solutions in the landscape especially in the periphery agglomeration.
  • an antenna with an average transmission frequency of between 300 kHz and 3 MHz is characterized according to claim 1.
  • the invention thus makes use of existing vertical structures, especially reinforced concrete or metal structures, such as broadcasting antenna towers, lighthouses, chimneys, water towers or lighting masts, which are often present near city to install antennas of high height according to the invention. No search for available land is necessary, and the complement provided by the wired means of excitation is discreet and blends visually with the existing structure.
  • the main element radiating in the antenna according to the invention is constituted by the existing structure which radiates for a wide frequency band of a few tens of kilohertz effectively day and night in a coverage of between about 3 km and about 15 km at the soil surface.
  • the excitation means is electrically coupled to the structure and comprises an excitation conductor wire extending substantially at least partially outside and along the structure.
  • the lead wire has a first end connected to the transmitter through an impedance matching means located substantially in front of the base of the structure and a second end attached to the structure.
  • the excitation means is magnetically coupled to the structure and comprises a conductive loop located outside and close to the structure, above the earth.
  • the electromagnetic excitation means then comprises several excitation conductor wires for different frequency bands according to the invention and / or several conductive loops for different frequency bands in accordance with the invention.
  • Tower 1 is a long shaft constructed of reinforced concrete generally between 10 m and more than 100 m in intermediate platform 2 for supporting various transmitting and / or receiving antennas.
  • the tower 1 comprises one or more electrically conductive elements connected to the earth T which are schematically represented by a metal column 3 extending vertically from the earth in the tower 1.
  • the electrical earth is constituted by a network or lattice of conduct son 11 buried under and / or near the tower 1.
  • the metal column 3 is schematically representative for example of a metal staircase so as to access from the ground T to the platform 2, and / or from one or several metal conduits or sheaths of water, or one or more metal reinforcements and reinforcements generally embedded in the concrete walls of the tower.
  • the transmitting antenna is capable of transmitting signals at a frequency of the order of 1.5 MHz with a power of 5 kW fed by a transmitter E assumed for example connected to the antenna through a cable d AC coaxial power supply.
  • the metallic elements of the tower 1 radiate in response to electromagnetic excitation by coupling or electrical continuity by a conductive wire-type wire excitation means extending substantially at least half outside and along a vertical part of the existing structure that constitutes tower 1.
  • the antenna comprises a thin linear excitation conductor wire 4a, for example approximately 10 mm in diameter, having a length substantially equal to ⁇ / 4 and extending vertically close to the tower 1, for example at 1 m to About 5 m from the tower.
  • the wire 4a is stretched between a first end 41a connected to the output 51d of an impedance matching cell 5 disposed on the ground T substantially in front of the base of the tower 1 and a second end 42a remote from the ground and fixed to platform 2 of tower 1 through an electrical isolator 6a.
  • the adaptation cell 5 also called adaptation cabin, comprises for example at the output of a power amplifier connected through the coaxial cable CA to the emitter E, various inductive and capacitive variable adaptation elements in series and in parallel in order to reduce the complex impedance of the antenna substantially to the characteristic resistive impedance of the coaxial cable typically equal to 50 ⁇ .
  • the cell comprises two capacitors in series between the power amplifier if it exists, or the internal conductor of the AC cable, and the first end 41a of the excitation wire 4a, as well as an inductance between a common terminal to abilities and the earth.
  • the adaptation cell thus constitutes a preferably adjustable impedance transformer, which may be supplemented by safety circuits to prevent any heating of the adaptation elements as a function of the transmission power.
  • the insulator 6a is for example constituted by an insulating wire of synthetic material stretched between the second end 42a of the excitation conductor wire and the platform 2.
  • the exciter wire 4a of length ⁇ / 4 acts as a tight coupling means with the tower to excite the conductive element 3 in the tower 1 which constitutes the main radiating element.
  • the impedance of the antenna is relatively low and depends on the ratio of the dimensions, in particular diameters and lengths, of the wire 4a and the tower 1.
  • the inductor current in the excitation wire 4a and the currents induced in the tower 1 are balanced, and a part of the induced currents is also distributed in the tower, in the upper part above the wire 4a.
  • the invention thus exploits the entire infrastructure of the tower for the radiation of emission signals transmitted by the emitter E.
  • the main radiating element is thus the tower according to the variants described above and the lower part of the tower is not isolated but to the ground.
  • the lower part of the tower has a very low impedance and therefore a strong current area equivalent to a current belly.
  • the conductor wire 4a placed at a distance of about 1 m to about 5 m from the tower excites the latter in quarter-wave in order to obtain a complex impedance adaptable in the adaptation cell 5.
  • the apparent power of the antenna is substantially equal to the power of the emission transmitter E.
  • a ground network 11 is added to the existing network and improves the efficiency of the antenna typically by constituting a dozen son or metal conductive strips arranged in a star and having each a length of ⁇ / 4.
  • the ground network may be installed beneath the matching cell 5 and connected thereto.
  • the conductive wire 4a is replaced by a conductive tube or by a cage of several parallel conductive wires, which makes it possible to reach transmission powers of 5. kW while guaranteeing a relatively wide bandwidth.
  • Two other variants of the first embodiment shown to Figures 2 and 3 still relate to an electrically conductive wire-type excitation means with an impedance matching cell 5.
  • the excitation lead 4b still has its lower end 41b connected to the impedance matching cell 5, but has its upper end 42b connected to the conducting element 3 of the tower 1.
  • the conducting wire 4b of length approximately ⁇ / 4 extends mainly vertically near the tower 1 under the platform 2 by means of an insulator 6b which suspends it under the platform, then is bent under the platform and closed under the driver 3 thanks to the end 42b which is welded to the conductive element 3 of the tower.
  • the antenna is of the half-wave dipole type folded and provides a higher impedance to earth. This arrangement globally places the antenna, including the excitation wire 4b, galvanically to ground.
  • the excitation wire has a symmetrical doublet structure and is composed of two excitation conductor wires 4c aligned vertically along the tower 1 and each having a length substantially equal to ⁇ / 4.
  • the tower is then very high, more than 100 m approximately.
  • the ends close to the two conductive wires 4c are connected by an insulator 61 and are powered by the transmitter through the matching cell 5 and a power balancer 52 which equi-distributes the power of the transmission signal between the two wires. drivers 4c.
  • the antenna according to this third variant of the half-wave half-wave type with symmetrical power supply has a higher gain and a lower dependence on the earth since a belly current is present in the center of the tower at the insulator central 61.
  • FIGS. figures 4 and 5 Two other variants of the first embodiment of the invention are shown in FIGS. figures 4 and 5 and differ from the first three variants in the absence of the impedance matching cell 5, which makes them makes it more economical.
  • the adaptation cell is replaced, as parts of the adaptation means, by a movable conductor at the top of the excitation wire and / or a length adjustable conductor at the bottom of the excitation wire.
  • the antenna includes, as in the first variant shown in figure 1 a driving conductor 4d which is stretched substantially vertically along the tower 1 between an insulator 6d suspended under the platform 2 and the vicinity of the earth T.
  • the impedance of the antenna is adapted to the impedance of the AC power coaxial cable connected to the emitter E by adjustment means adjustable to the ends of the excitation wire 4d.
  • the upper end 42d of the excitation wire 4d is connected to the tower 1 through a short-circuit conducting wire 44d which extends substantially perpendicularly to the tower and slides via a metal slider on the wire 4d along the tower 1, and / or the lower end 41d of the excitation wire 4d is connected to the transmitter through a telescopic conductor 43d whose one end adjacent to the ground T is fixed and connected to the conductor internal of the AC power coaxial cable and whose other end slides along the wire 4d.
  • Three positions of the driver 43d are shown schematically in the figure 4 .
  • the conductor 44d movable along the upper portion of the excitation wire and the height adjustment relative to the ground of the active portion of the excitation wire 4d by the conductor 43d minimize the reactance of the antenna to bring the antenna impedance at a resistive value substantially equal to the characteristic impedance of the AC power cable at 50 ⁇ .
  • the fifth variant of the first embodiment shown in figure 5 relates to an antenna with a J-point of attack in which the lower 41e and upper ends 42e of the excitation wire 4e are respectively connected to the inner conductor of the AC supply coaxial cable located at the ground T and to the conductive element 3 internal to the tower 1.
  • the excitation wire 4e then extends obliquely to the vertical axis of the tower.
  • the advantage of this variant is to adjust the height of the connection point 42e of the excitation wire 4e to the conductive element 3 in the tower in order to adapt the impedance of the antenna thus formed to the characteristic impedance AC power cable.
  • the height of the end 42e, the inclination of the conductive wire 4e and the distance of the attachment point 41e of the wire 4e relative to the ground T and the tower 1 contributes to the impedance matching.
  • the antenna shown at figure 6 is a combination of those shown in Figures 2 and 4 . It comprises an excitation conductor wire 4f extending substantially parallel to the tower 1.
  • the upper end 42f of the wire 4f is not connected directly to the conductive element 3 of the tower 1, but is connected through a
  • the lower end 41f of the excitation wire 4f is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial supply cable CAf through a conductor of adjustable length 43f similar to the conductor 43d shown in FIG. figure 4 , which allows to adjust the active height of the excitation wire 4f with respect to the earth T.
  • the load 44f may be a terminal capacitance at a loss or preferably the characteristic impedance of the coaxial supply cable CAf so that the conductive element 4f the seat of a progressive wave.
  • the antennas described above, according to the first embodiment of the invention, relate to mono-frequency antennas, that is to say for a length of the excitation conductor wire substantially equal to ⁇ / 4, where ⁇ is the length wave corresponding to the center frequency of the band in which signals are to be transmitted by the antenna.
  • an antenna according to the invention can radiate signals in two or more frequency bands.
  • several wire excitation means 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f of the same type or of different types are arranged around the tower 1 so as to transmit signals respectively in frequency bands.
  • Each excitation wire is associated with a supply means comprising a respective emitter and a respective coaxial cable, where appropriate with a respective matching cell.
  • Such an arrangement of excitation means decoupled from each other makes it possible to add or subtract an excitation means independently of the others and thus to multiplex emissions in different frequency bands as a function of requirements.
  • a dual frequency antenna comprises two excitation conductor wires 4g and 4h diametrically opposite with respect to the tower 1 and similar to the excitation wires 4d shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • Each wire 4g, 4h has an upper end suspended by an insulator 6g, 6h under the platform 2 of the tower 1 and terminated by a short-circuit wire 44g vertically displaceable and in contact with the tower 1, and a lower end terminated by a driver of adjustable length 43g, 43h connected to the inner conductor of a power cable CAg, CAh.
  • the excitation means is still monofilar, as in the Figures 1 to 6 and includes, with reference to the figure 8 two wires 4i and 4j which are suspended between the platform 2 of the tower 1 via an insulator 6j and the earth T by an adjustable length conductor 43i and which are arranged vertically in the extension of one of the 'other.
  • the upper end 42i of the lower wire 4i and the lower end 41j of the upper wire 4j are separated by a band-type filter 44i of the cap circuit which traps the excitation frequency Fi of the lower wire 4i and which passes the frequency excitation Fj of the upper wire 4j.
  • the lower end of the lower wire 4i is connected in a similar manner to that of the wire 4d shown in FIG. figure 4 to an adjustable length conductor 43i itself directly connected to the power cable CAi to match the impedance of the dual frequency antenna to the characteristic impedance of the power cable.
  • the upper end 42j of the upper wire 4j is suspended under the platform 2 by an insulator 6j, as the excitation wire 4a in the figure 1 .
  • the excitation son 4i and 4j have a length substantially equal to ⁇ i / 4 and ⁇ j / 4 corresponding to transmission frequencies Fi and Fj respectively. This variant is rather intended for a tower 1 having a relatively high height of at least about 100 m.
  • the upper conductive wire 4j is of the type of that 4f shown in FIG. figure 6 i.e. having a second end connected to a terminal capacitive load 44j.
  • the capacitive load 44j is constituted by a conductive winding of a few turns of wire around the tower 1 and fixed thereto, having an end connected to the upper end 42j of the excitation wire 4j.
  • This variant is rather intended for a tower 1 of average height of the order of 50 m for at least one of the excitation elements 4i or 4j with a length corresponding to ⁇ i / 8 or ⁇ j / 8.
  • the total wire 4i-4j has the lower end 41i which is a current belly for the excitation frequency Fi of the lower excitation wire 4i and is the seat of a progressive wave for the frequency of excitation Fj of the upper excitation wire 4j.
  • the Figures 10, 11 and 12 show variants of the first embodiment of excitation wire for low-rise towers, for example between ⁇ / 8 and ⁇ / 4.
  • the antenna of the invention comprises two excitation lead wires 4k and 4l whose lower ends are adjustable by to the ground through conductors of adjustable length 43k and 43l, as in the dual frequency antenna shown in FIG. figure 7 .
  • the tower is much smaller than the one shown in the figure 7 and the conductive wires 4k and 4l extend substantially vertically along the tower at lengths substantially equal to ⁇ k / 8 and ⁇ l / 8 respectively corresponding to emission frequencies Fk and F1 produced by respective emitters Ek and El.
  • the upper end 42k, 42l of the excitation wire 4k, 41 is fixed by a respective insulator 6k, 6l to the platform 2 of the tower and supports one or preferably several wires.
  • respective overhead conductors 45k, 45l each having a length equal to ⁇ k / 8, ⁇ l / 8.
  • the wires 45k, 45l are deployed in a star substantially in a horizontal plane and / or obliquely to the tower and provide a terminal capacitance of the excitation wire 4k, 41 which fictitiously increases the electrical length of the excitation wire.
  • the contribution of the excitation conductor wire 4k, 4l to the radiated electromagnetic field is greater since the tower of smaller height is less effective.
  • the terminal capacitance constituted by each set of deployed conductor wires 45k, 45l can be replaced by a winding type capacity around the tower, such as that 44j shown in FIG. figure 9 .
  • the terminal load is replaced by a coaxial section inside the tower.
  • the antenna comprises a first bent portion of excitation wire 4m1, similar to the wire 4b shown in FIG. figure 2 , extending outside the tower 1 substantially vertically along it and suspended by an insulator 6m, and a second portion of excitation wire 4m2 extending substantially vertically in a conductive sheath 44m.
  • the sheath 44m is fixed in the tower 1 and connected to the earth T via the conductive element 3.
  • the part 4m2 and the sheath 44m constitute a coaxial termination.
  • the length of the first and second portions of 4m2 excitation lead wire is substantially equal to ⁇ / 8.
  • the lower end 41m of the first driving conductor portion 4m1 is connected to an impedance matching cell 5.
  • the active portion 4m1 is thus lengthened fictitiously by the coaxial extension 4m2-44m non-radiating constituting a coaxial terminal capacitance whose role is similar to a set of deployed wires 45k, 45l or wound coils 44j.
  • the coaxial termination 4m2-44m may be wound for example helically inside the tower instead of extending straight.
  • the upper end common to the 4m1 and 4m2 excitation lead portions may be located at the top of the tower, as shown in FIG. figure 12 , so that the tower has a height substantially equal to ⁇ / 8.
  • each excitation lead of the doublet comprises a first outer portion 4c1 and a second portion 4c2 extending in a sheath conductor 44c located inside the tower 1.
  • the parts 4c1 and 4c2 also each have a length substantially equal to ⁇ / 8.
  • a magnetic excitation electromagnetic excitation wired means comprises a conductive excitation loop 7a located outside and close to the tower 1 above the earth T , as shown in figure 14 .
  • the excitation loop 7a is for example located substantially at the base of the earth 1 and constituted by a square frame of a thin conductive wire, or a conductive tube, or a cylindrical cage of parallel conductive wires .
  • the frame has a perimeter of several meters.
  • Two vertical sides of the loop 7a are substantially parallel to the tower 1 and typically between about 2 m and 3 m long.
  • the loop 7a extends in a substantially vertical plane, diametrical to the tower, at an isolation distance of 1 to 2 m from the earth T. From the ends of the mouth 7a for example located at a vertex close to the earth T and remote from the tower 1 are connected to a transmitter E through an impedance matching cell 5 and a coaxial AC power cable.
  • the nearest side of the tower is located a few tens of centimeters in order to magnetically couple the loop and the tower.
  • the excitation loop 7a is located substantially at a current belly to excite the conductive element 3 in the tower so that it radiates to the tuning frequency F of the loop 7a corresponding to the wavelength ⁇ .
  • impedance matching cell 5 and the excitation loop 7a can be removable and for example installed in a reporting truck which can transmit broadcasting signals through the turn 1 when he is stopped almost against the tower.
  • loops 7a, 7b and 7c having different dimensions and tuned to respective frequencies Fa, Fb and Fc are magnetically coupled to the tower 1 so that they radiate signals in three different frequency bands.
  • the loops 7a and 7b are located near the base of the tower 1 to emit signals whose wavelengths ⁇ a and ⁇ b are respectively substantially equal to four times the tower height and twice the height of the tower.
  • the tower, and the third excitation loop 7c is situated substantially halfway up the tower in correspondence with a current belly in order to excite an emission whose half-wavelength ⁇ c / 2 is substantially less than height of the tower.
  • the tower 1 serves to radiate signals at different frequencies Fa and Fh resulting from a mixed coupling on the one hand electric with an excitation conductor wire according to the first embodiment of the invention, such as the wire 4h shown in FIG. the figure 7 on the other hand magnetic with an excitation loop 7a, according to the second embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. figure 14 .
  • the invention is not limited to an existing diffusion tower as a workpiece radiating substantially hectometric waves by excitation of a substantially vertical conductor wire or a loop excitation.
  • Other existing structures generally including several conductive elements connected to the earth can serve as a radiating work.
  • such a structure may be an existing pylon, a water tower or an elevated reservoir, a beacon or a beacon at sea, a street lamp or a metal mast supporting projectors in particular.
  • FIGS. 17 to 22 schematically show as non-limiting examples the at least partial use of existing vertical structures to achieve a transmitting antenna according to the invention.
  • the figure 17 shows an existing inclined stay 4a for a tower 1.
  • the lower end 41a of the stay is connected to an impedance matching cell 5.
  • the upper end 42a of the stay is connected by an isolated tensioner 6, to form a excitation conductor wire of the type shown in figure 1 .
  • the figure 18 shows a folded dipole antenna shown at figure 2 using an existing metal stay 4b of a tower 1; the stay 4b has a lower end 41b connected to an impedance matching cell 5 and an upper end 42b connected to an inner conductor 3 in the tower by a small conductive element 44b.
  • the small attached conductor 44b has ends welded to the stay 4b and the inner conductor 3.
  • the existing structure is constituted by a 1M wire lattice tower which comprises two existing guys 4n and 8 extending obliquely along the tower.
  • the excitation of the tower 1M is carried out by mixed coupling of the type of that described with reference to the figure 16 by means of an excitation conducting loop 7a located at the base of the tower 1M and connected to a cell impedance matching 5a, and by means of an excitation conductor wire constituted by the stay 4n whose upper end 42n is isolated and whose lower end 41n is connected to a matching cell 5n.
  • the second existing stay cable 8 acts as a non-powered radiating parasitic source with respect to a powered radiating pilot source constituted by the first stay 4n.
  • One end of the stay 8 for example the upper end 82, is isolated from the tower by means of an electrical isolator 84.
  • the other end 81 of the stay 8 in this case the lower end of the it is charged by a reactor 83 connected to the earth T.
  • the stay 8 reacts as a reflective element or as a steering element with respect to the 1M tower assembly and 4n excitation wire.
  • the additional gain conferred by the stray strut 8 can be between 1 dB and 3 dB.
  • the antenna according to the figure 19 shows an azimuthal pattern in which the radiated field is decreased in a particular direction in front of or behind the stray strut 8 and is increased in a direction opposite to the particular direction.
  • the figure 20 shows an existing structure of the water tower type or raised tank RE which serves to fix a terminal conductor excitation wire 4f 44f surrounding the tower supporting the tank RE, according to a combination of the variants shown in FIGS. figures 6 and 9 , and a dual-frequency excitation conductor wire 4i-4j with an intermediate plug circuit 44i, as shown in FIG. figure 8 .
  • the linked water distribution network the water tower constitutes, when it is metallic, a network of earth that improves all the more the performance of the antenna that the height of the water tower is low.
  • the figure 21 shows an existing work of the latest or sea-beacon type along which is installed a dual-frequency excitation wire 4i-4j with terminal capacitance 44j surrounding an upper part of the headlight, as shown in FIG. figure 9 .
  • the terrestrial network 11 is here constituted by the sea constituting an excellent conductor and encouraging an excellent propagation of the emission signals towards coastal towns.
  • the existing structure is constituted by a luminaire such as a mast or a lamppost LA supporting several projectors.
  • a luminaire such as a mast or a lamppost LA supporting several projectors.
  • a first excitation lead 4f whose upper end is terminated by a load 44f connected to mast or lamppost LA and whose lower end is adjustable in height by a conductor 43f, as shown to the figure 6
  • a second excitation conductor wire 4a whose lower end 41a is connected to an impedance matching cell 5 and whose upper end 42 is connected under an upper support of projectors by an insulator 6a.
  • Such a mast is for example already installed in a stadium, a fairground, a road or rail interchange, near a large square, etc.

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Claims (21)

  1. Antenne mit mittlerer Sendefrequenz im Bereich zwischen 300 kHz und 3 MHz, die ein bestehendes vertikales Bauwerk (1), welches eine Höhe von mindestens etwa zehn Metern aufweist, und ein elektrisch leitendes, drahtgebundenes Mittel zur elektromagnetischen Erregung (4a, 7a) umfasst, welches mindestens zum Teil in der Nähe und außerhalb des Bauwerks angeordnet und mit einem Sender (E) verbunden ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das bestehende Bauwerk mindestens ein leitendes Element (3) innerhalb des Bauwerks und mit der Erde (T) verbunden umfasst, damit das Bauwerk eine mittlere Sendefrequenz im Bereich zwischen 300 kHz und 3 MHz abstrahlt.
  2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Erregungsmittel einen leitenden Erregungsdraht (4a) umfasst, der sich mindestens teilweise außerhalb und entlang des Bauwerks (1) erstreckt.
  3. Antenne nach Anspruch 2, wobei der leitende Draht (4a) ein erstes Ende (41a) aufweist, das über ein vor dem Fundament des Bauwerks (1) liegendes Impedanzanpassungsmittel (5) mit dem Sender (E) verbunden ist, und ein zweites Ende (42a), das am Bauwerk (1) befestigt ist.
  4. Antenne nach Anspruch 3, die ein Erdnetz (11) umfasst, das aus sternförmig angeordneten und mit dem Anpassungsmittel (5) verbundenen leitenden Drähten oder Bändern gebildet ist.
  5. Antenne nach Anspruch 2, wobei das erste Ende (41d) des Erregungsdrahts (4d) über einen Leiter (43d) von regelbarer Länge als Impedanzanpassungsmittel mit dem Sender (E) verbunden ist.
  6. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, wobei ein Ende (42a) des Erregungsdrahts (4a) über einen elektrischen Isolator (6) am Bauwerk (1) befestigt ist.
  7. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, wobei ein Ende (42b, 42e) des Erregungsdrahts mit dem leitenden Element (3) des Bauwerks (1) verbunden ist.
  8. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, wobei ein Ende (42d) des Erregungsdrahts (4d) über einen entlang des leitenden Drahts verschiebbaren Leiter (44d) als Impedanzanpassungsmittel mit dem Bauwerk (1) verbunden ist.
  9. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, wobei ein Ende (42f) des leitenden Drahts (4f) über eine Last (44f) mit dem leitenden Element (3) des Bauwerks (1) verbunden ist.
  10. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, wobei ein Ende (42j) des Erregungsdrahts (4j) mit einer kapazitiven Abschlusslast (44j) verbunden ist, die durch Wicklungen aus leitendem Draht um das Bauwerk (1) herum gebildet wird.
  11. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, wobei ein Ende (42k) des Erregungsdrahts (4k) über einen Isolator (6k) am Bauwerk (1) befestigt ist und einen oder mehrere eingesetzte leitende Drähte (45k) trägt.
  12. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, wobei der Erregungsdraht einen ersten Abschnitt (4m1) umfasst, der sich entlang des Bauwerks (1) erstreckt, und einen zweiten Abschnitt (4m2), der sich in einer im Bauwerk (1) liegenden leitenden Hülle (44m) erstreckt, um eine koaxiale Abschlusskapazität zu bilden, deren Länge im Wesentlichen gleich dem ersten Abschnitt (4m1) des Erregungsdrahts ist.
  13. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 12, wobei der Erregungsdraht aus zwei Drähten (4i, 4j) in der Verlängerung zueinander, und durch einen Tiefpassfilter (44i) getrennt, besteht.
  14. Antenne nach Anspruch 2, wobei der Erregungsdraht aus zwei leitenden Erregungsdrähten (4c) besteht, die entlang des Bauwerks (1) ausgerichtet sind und nahe Enden aufweisen, die über einen Isolator (61) verbunden sind und vom Sender (E) über einen Leistungssymmetrierer (52) gespeist werden.
  15. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 14, wobei der Erregungsdraht durch ein leitendes Rohr oder einen Käfig aus mehreren parallelen leitenden Drähten ersetzt ist.
  16. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Erregungsmittel eine leitende Schleife (7a) umfasst, die außerhalb und in der Nähe des Bauwerks (1) oberhalb der Erde (T) liegt.
  17. Antenne nach Anspruch 16, wobei sich die leitende Schleife (7a) in einer vertikalen Ebene erstreckt und eine im Wesentlichen parallele Seite zum Bauwerk (1) aufweist.
  18. Antenne nach Anspruch 16 oder 17, wobei die leitende Erregungsschleife (7a, 7c) im Bereich des Fundaments oder der Mitte des Bauwerks (1) liegt.
  19. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 18, wobei die Erregungsschleife (7a) einen Umfang von einigen Metern aufweist.
  20. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Mittel zur elektromagnetischen Erregung mehrere leitende Erregungsdrähte für verschiedene mittlere Sendefrequenzen nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 15, und/oder mehrere leitende Schleifen für verschiedene mittlere Sendefrequenzen nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 19 umfasst.
  21. Antenne nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 20, die ein weiteres, nicht gespeistes drahtgebundenes Mittel (8) umfasst, welches im Wesentlichen entlang des Bauwerks (1) angeordnet ist und ein vom Bauwerk isoliertes Ende (82) und ein weiteres Ende (81) aufweist, das von einem mit der Erde verbundenen Blindwiderstand (83) belastet wird.
EP03763918.4A 2002-07-08 2003-06-16 Hektometrische wellen ubertragungsantenne Expired - Lifetime EP1532713B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0208642 2002-07-08
FR0208642A FR2842024B1 (fr) 2002-07-08 2002-07-08 Antenne d'emission en ondes hectometriques
PCT/FR2003/001822 WO2004008572A1 (fr) 2002-07-08 2003-06-16 Antenne d'emission en ondes hectometriques

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EP1532713A1 EP1532713A1 (de) 2005-05-25
EP1532713B1 true EP1532713B1 (de) 2018-09-12

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US (1) US7109946B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1532713B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003258808A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2701002T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2842024B1 (de)
PT (1) PT1532713T (de)
WO (1) WO2004008572A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7286100B1 (en) * 2005-08-27 2007-10-23 Mcginley Jr Frank John Adjustable antenna apparatus and method
RU2483403C1 (ru) * 2011-11-16 2013-05-27 ОАО "Научно-производственное объединение "Стрела" Телескопическая мачта

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2171256A (en) * 1936-05-06 1939-08-29 Rca Corp Radio aerial
US2998604A (en) * 1960-08-30 1961-08-29 Elwin W Seeley Guy wire loaded folded antenna
FR2287117A1 (fr) * 1974-10-04 1976-04-30 Thomson Csf Antenne verticale onde entiere et groupement d'antennes comportant une telle antenne
FR2287118A1 (fr) * 1974-10-04 1976-04-30 Thomson Csf Antenne verticale a alimentation excentree et groupement d'antennes comportant une telle antenne

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GRAMMER G., B. GOODMAN: "The A.R.R.L antenna book", part chapter 16 1 April 1947, THE RADIO AMATEUR'S LIBRARY, USA, pages: 115 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7109946B2 (en) 2006-09-19
PT1532713T (pt) 2018-12-10
ES2701002T3 (es) 2019-02-20
AU2003258808A1 (en) 2004-02-02
EP1532713A1 (de) 2005-05-25
WO2004008572A1 (fr) 2004-01-22
FR2842024A1 (fr) 2004-01-09
US20050253771A1 (en) 2005-11-17
FR2842024B1 (fr) 2004-08-27

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