EP1526940B1 - Refractory ceramic part - Google Patents

Refractory ceramic part Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1526940B1
EP1526940B1 EP03784140A EP03784140A EP1526940B1 EP 1526940 B1 EP1526940 B1 EP 1526940B1 EP 03784140 A EP03784140 A EP 03784140A EP 03784140 A EP03784140 A EP 03784140A EP 1526940 B1 EP1526940 B1 EP 1526940B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
walls
component according
component
inner surfaces
base
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EP03784140A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1526940A1 (en
Inventor
Alexander Retschnig
Bernhard Longin
Dieter Pirkner
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Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
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Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/103—Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/003—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with impact pads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refractory ceramic component, which, for example, in Shape of a baffle or a melt trough can be designed.
  • a molten metal for example, after a pan treatment in a Tundish is poured due to the partly high Flow rate (for example: 3 m / s) to considerable mechanical Strains of fireproof tundish lining area on which the Melt impinges. In addition, it comes to turbulence at least in the environment of Impingement.
  • the kinetic energy of the melt stream is exemplary 2 to 10 Ws / kg.
  • the baffle plate may consist of highly wear-resistant refractory materials.
  • baffle pots are known (WO 00/06324, WO 97/37799, EP 0 729 393B1, EP 0 790 873 B1).
  • baffle pots are designed so that they at the top, so where the Melt is supplied, but also where the melt the baffle again leaves, have a cross-sectional taper. This creates a "undercut" profile.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that To make the component so that on the one hand a directional deflection of the supplied Molten metal, on the other hand, a reduction in the kinetic energy of Melt.
  • the invention provides a special Orientation / inclination of the corresponding inner surfaces of the boundary walls.
  • the type and extent of the energy reduction depend on the angle of inclination of the inner surfaces the walls off.
  • topfförmije components namely regardless of the (horizontal) cross-sectional geometry, so for example for Baffles with more or less circular, oval or rectangular Internal cross-section.
  • the distance of the inner surfaces of the walls in the region of the free ends the walls and the bottom ends of the walls are larger than at least an area in between.
  • Said angle of inclination amounts in one embodiment between 10 and 80 degrees, according to another embodiment between 30 and 60 degrees.
  • the free end of the wall adjacent sections have a greater angle of inclination than that of the Bottom of the component adjacent section.
  • the inner cross section should of the component to the free, open end to increase.
  • the individual slope sections can be either directly (continuous) merge into each other (as stated, even with different Angles). But it is also possible, the inner surfaces of said walls - im Section considered - form with a sawtooth profile, so that "undercut Zones be formed on the wall side, as a flow brake on the Molten metal act. The mentioned constriction can of such "Tooth geometry" are formed.
  • the inner surfaces of the walls can be rounded, facing each other Profile sections or groove-like depressions.
  • the component can also be designed pot-shaped.
  • a curved design of the wall surfaces can be this end connect, so that a closed component with, for example, oval or round Inner cross section (and / or outer cross section) is formed.
  • a closed component with, for example, oval or round Inner cross section (and / or outer cross section) is formed.
  • at least two more walls are provided, the two already described walls under formation of a (rectangular or polygonal) Connect pot shape.
  • Profiles of the circumferential inner wall can be helical, thread-like or helical.
  • the ratio height: width (of the wall bounded interior) can in vary widely. It will usually be> 2: 1 to 1: 4, can be without but also go up to the ratio of 1:15. The same applies to the relationship Height: maximum diameter for the described pot-like geometries.
  • the opening between the walls at the outlet end of the melt is larger
  • the opening between the walls at the outlet end of the melt is larger
  • Any undercuts can be formed for example by burnable filler in the production become.
  • connecting surfaces can also be horizontal (parallel to the ground), vertical (perpendicular to the ground), with an inclination angle> 90 ° to the vertical or with curved profile can be arranged.
  • FIG. 1 shows a possible basic geometry of a component according to the invention with a bottom 10.
  • Two walls 12, 14 extend with wall portions 12u, 14u of opposite portions 101, 10r of the bottom 10, in the same direction (namely, upward) , but with opposite inclination, namely initially directed against each other (up to a minimum distance d min ) and then diverging (wall sections 12o, 14o)
  • the maximum distance of the lower wall portions 12u, 14u of the walls 12, 14 is indicated by d
  • the distance of the upper portions of the walls 12, 14 in the region of their free ends 12r, 14r is indicated by D.
  • the walls 12, 14 are mirror images of an imaginary plane of symmetry EE.
  • the angle of inclination a of the lower portions of the walls 12, 14 is about 70 ° to the top of the bottom 10.
  • the upper portions of the walls 12, 14 extend at an angle b of about 20 ° to a plane parallel to the plane EE.
  • the component according to FIG. 1 is designed as a channel.
  • a first inner wall section 12.1 extends at an angle a to the plane EE of approximately 45 degrees. This section is followed by a parallel to the bottom 10 extending portion 12.2, which extends inwards (in the direction of the opposite wall 14). This section 12.2 is followed by a further section 12.3 which extends at an angle ⁇ of approximately 40 degrees to the plane EE up to the upper edge 12r of the wall 12. Between the sections 12.2 and 12.3, the wall distance d min is therefore the smallest.
  • Figure 3 is similar to that of Figure 2, wherein it is at the component shown here, however, designed around a rotationally symmetrical, pot-like component, so a kind of baffle.
  • the rotational symmetry results with respect to an imaginary center longitudinal axis M-M.
  • Wall surface can be referred to as a wall surface 14.
  • wall surface acts course around the same wall surface 12 shown in the left part of the figure, because this wall rotates due to the described pot geometry.
  • the bottom 10 has a dome-like surface 10o, which also vice versa could be arched.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of an impact pot, wherein a wall section 12.6 adjoins a lower, inclined wall section 12.1, which runs perpendicular to the floor 10 and is followed by a bead-like inner wall surface 12.7 which projects towards the free outer edge 12r of the impact pot extended outside, so that the baffle pot at the upper free end has a much larger inner diameter Q than in the area of the impact surface 24 of the bottom 10 (diameter q).
  • the baffle pot at the upper free end has a much larger inner diameter Q than in the area of the impact surface 24 of the bottom 10 (diameter q).
  • the body can be produced in one piece from a casting compound (for example based on Al 2 O 3 ).
  • Figure 4 shows - dashed - also a possible modification.
  • reverse Curvature convex curvature
  • One or more inner floor and wall surfaces of the described impact body can be rectilinear or curved, convex as concave curved, also merging with each other, with same or different angles of inclination / radii of curvature run. As a result, the flow behavior of the melt on the specific application.
  • the curved wall sections 12.1, 12.6 and 12.7 each have different angles, under which they to the plane E-E run.
  • the point P is on the opening mouth O directed surface section 12.7, the tangent T applied.
  • the surface section 12.7 At the point P is the surface section 12.7 at the angle ⁇ of about 80 degrees to Level E-E.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire resistant ceramic part which can be embodied in the form of an impact pot or a casting gutter and has the following characteristics:-a base ( 10 );-at least two walls ( 12, 14 ) which extend from opposite sections ( 10 l, 10 r) of the base ( 10 ) such that at least some sectors ( 12.1, 12.3, 12.4 ) of the inner surfaces thereof run at an angle >0 and <90 degrees from a plane E-E, perpendicular to the base ( 10 ), and at opposite inclinations;-an opening (O) is configured between free ends ( 12 r, 14 r) of the walls ( 12, 14 );-the distance (dmin, qmin) between the walls ( 12, 14 ) is smaller in at least one sector ( 11 ) between the base ( 10 ) and the opening (O) than it is in the areas ( 12 u , 14 u ; 12 o , 14 o) located adjacent the opening (O) and the base ( 10 ).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein feuerfestes keramisches Bauteil, welches beispielsweise in Form eines Pralltopfes oder einer Schmelzrinne gestaltet sein kann.The invention relates to a refractory ceramic component, which, for example, in Shape of a baffle or a melt trough can be designed.

Eine Metallschmelze, die beispielsweise nach einer Pfannenbehandlung in ein Zwischengefäß (Tundish) gegossen wird, führt aufgrund der zum Teil hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit (zum Beispiel: 3 m/s) zu erheblichen mechanischen Belastungen des Bereiches der feuerfesten Tundishauskleidung, auf den die Schmelze auftrifft. Außerdem kommt es zu Turbulenzen zumindest im Umfeld der Auftreffstelle. Die kinetische Energie des Schmelzstrahls beträgt beispielhaft 2 bis 10 Ws/kg.A molten metal, for example, after a pan treatment in a Tundish is poured due to the partly high Flow rate (for example: 3 m / s) to considerable mechanical Strains of fireproof tundish lining area on which the Melt impinges. In addition, it comes to turbulence at least in the environment of Impingement. The kinetic energy of the melt stream is exemplary 2 to 10 Ws / kg.

Um den Verschleiß der regulären Feuerfestauskleidung in Grenzen zu halten, ist es bekannt, den Auftreffbereich der Schmelze durch eine sogenannte Prallplatte zu verstärken.In order to limit the wear of the regular refractory lining, it is known to the impingement of the melt through a so-called flapper strengthen.

Die Prallplatte kann aus hoch verschleißfesten feuerfesten Werkstoffen bestehen.The baffle plate may consist of highly wear-resistant refractory materials.

Darüber hinaus ist die Verwendung sogenannter Pralltöpfe bekannt (WO 00/06324, WO 97/37799, EP 0 729 393B1, EP 0 790 873 B1).In addition, the use of so-called baffle pots is known (WO 00/06324, WO 97/37799, EP 0 729 393B1, EP 0 790 873 B1).

Der Boden eines solchen Pralltopfs entspricht im wesentlichen einer Prallplatte. Die bekannten Pralltöpfe sind so gestaltet, das sie am oberen Ende, also dort, wo die Schmelze zugeführt wird, aber auch dort, wo die Schmelze den Pralltopfwieder verläßt, eine Querschnittsverjüngung aufweisen. Auf diese Weise entsteht ein "hinterschnittenes" Profil.The bottom of such a baffle essentially corresponds to a baffle plate. The known baffle pots are designed so that they at the top, so where the Melt is supplied, but also where the melt the baffle again leaves, have a cross-sectional taper. This creates a "undercut" profile.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein derartiges feuerfestes keramisches Bauteil konstruktiv zu optimieren, so daß zumindest eine, vorzugsweise alle der folgenden Aufgaben gelöst werden:

  • geringer Verschleiß,
  • gezielte Führung der Metallschmelze,
  • Minimierung von Strömungsturbulenzen,
  • leichte Herstellung.
The invention has the object of structurally optimizing such a refractory ceramic component, so that at least one, preferably all of the following objects are achieved:
  • low wear,
  • targeted management of molten metal,
  • Minimization of flow turbulences,
  • easy production.

Bei der Lösung dieser Aufgabe(n) geht die Erfindung von der Überlegung aus, das Bauteil so zu gestalten, daß einerseits eine Richtungsumlenkung der zugeführten Metallschmelze erfolgt, andererseits ein Abbau der kinetischen Energie der Schmelze. In the solution of this object (s), the invention is based on the consideration that To make the component so that on the one hand a directional deflection of the supplied Molten metal, on the other hand, a reduction in the kinetic energy of Melt.

Dabei soll die Strömungsumlenkung durch eine seitliche Begrenzung des Bauteils erfolgen. Zum Abbau der kinetischen Energie sieht die Erfindung eine spezielle Ausrichtung/Neigung der entsprechenden Innenflächen der Begrenzungswände vor.In this case, the flow deflection by a lateral boundary of the component respectively. To reduce the kinetic energy, the invention provides a special Orientation / inclination of the corresponding inner surfaces of the boundary walls.

Zum Beispiel durch eine im Vertikalschnitt trichterförmige Gestaltung des Bauteils (mit "trichterförmig" ist der innere, offene Querschnitt des Bauteils gemeint, in den die Metallschmelze gelangt) kann die kinetische Energie durch eine Art Diffusorwirkung abgebaut werden.For example, by a funnel-shaped design of the component in vertical section (By "funnel-shaped" is meant the inner, open cross-section of the component into which the molten metal passes), the kinetic energy by a kind Diffuser effect are degraded.

Art und Umfang des Energieabbaus hängen vom Neigungswinkel der Innenflächen der Wände ab.The type and extent of the energy reduction depend on the angle of inclination of the inner surfaces the walls off.

Diese Aspekte gelten für Bauteile, die nach Art einer Rinne gestaltet sind, also mit einem Boden und zwei gegenüberliegenden, seitlichen Begrenzungswänden. Diese Überlegungen gelten aber auch in Hinblick auf topfförmije Bauteile, und zwar unabhängig von der (horizontalen) Querschnittsgeometrie, also beispielsweise für Pralltöpfe mit mehr oder weniger kreisförmigem, ovalem oder rechteckigem Innenquerschnitt.These aspects apply to components that are designed in the manner of a gutter, so with a floor and two opposite, lateral boundary walls. These However, considerations also apply with regard to topfförmije components, namely regardless of the (horizontal) cross-sectional geometry, so for example for Baffles with more or less circular, oval or rectangular Internal cross-section.

Danach betrifft die Erfindung in ihrer allgemeinsten Ausführungsform ein feuerfestes keramisches Bauteil mit folgenden Merkmalen:

  • einem Boden,
  • mindestens zwei Wänden,
  • die Wände erstrecken sich von gegenüberliegenden Abschnitten des Bodens derart, daß ihre Innenflächen, zumindest abschnittweise, unter einem Winkel > 0 und < 90 Grad zu einer Ebene, senkrecht zum Boden, und mit entgegengesetzter Neigung verlaufen,
  • zwischen freien Enden der Wände ist eine Öffnung ausgebildet,
  • zwischen Boden und Öffnung gibt es mindestens einen Abschnitt, bei dem der Abstand der Wände geringer ist als in den zur Öffnung und zum Boden hin anschließenden Bereichen.
Thereafter, the invention in its most general embodiment relates to a refractory ceramic component with the following features:
  • a floor,
  • at least two walls,
  • the walls extend from opposite portions of the floor such that their inner surfaces, at least in sections, extend at an angle> 0 and <90 degrees to a plane perpendicular to the floor and of opposite inclination,
  • between free ends of the walls an opening is formed,
  • between the bottom and the opening there is at least one section where the distance between the walls is less than in the areas adjacent to the opening and the floor.

Dabei kann der Abstand der Innenflächen der Wände im Bereich der freien Enden der Wände und der bodenseitigen Enden der Wände größer sein als an mindestens einem Bereich dazwischen.In this case, the distance of the inner surfaces of the walls in the region of the free ends the walls and the bottom ends of the walls are larger than at least an area in between.

Der genannte Verlauf der Innenflächen der Wände verursacht eine Art "Einschnürung" zwischen dem bodenseitigen Ende (also dort, wo die Metallschmelze beim Angießen auftrifft) und dem gegenüberliegenden offenen Ende (also dort, wo die Metallschmelze austritt). Diese "Einschnürung" führt zu einer konstruktiven und funktionellen Gliederung des Bauteils.The mentioned course of the inner surfaces of the walls causes a kind "Constriction" between the bottom end (ie where the molten metal encountered when casting) and the opposite open end (ie where the molten metal emerges). This "constriction" leads to a constructive and functional structure of the component.

In dem Bereich zwischen Boden und Einschnürung erfolgt ein effizienter Abbau der kinetischen Energie der Schmelze. Außerdem wird ein unkontrolliertes Spritzen (ein unkontrollierter Rückprall) der Metallschmelze vermieden.In the area between the floor and the constriction, an efficient dismantling of the kinetic energy of the melt. In addition, an uncontrolled spraying (a uncontrolled rebound) of the molten metal avoided.

In dem Bereich zwischen Einschnürung und (oberem) Auslaufende wird eine Art Diffusor ausgebildet. Durch die Querschnittsverbreiterung am auslaufseitigen Ende soll eine Interaktion der ausströmenden Metallschmelze mit dem (mittig) zugeführten Schmelzestrahl vermieden werden. Im Gegenteil: die Dimensionierung soll so erfolgen, dass es zu einer strömungstechnischen Beruhigung der rücklaufenden Metallschmelze kommt.In the area between constriction and (upper) outlet end is a kind Diffuser formed. Due to the cross-sectional widening at the outlet end should an interaction of the outflowing molten metal with the (middle) supplied melt stream can be avoided. On the contrary: the dimensioning should be done so that there is a fluidic calming of the returning Molten metal comes.

Diese funktionalen Vorgaben sind je nach Menge, Viskosität, Temperatur und/oder Geschwindigkeit der Metallschmelze konstruktiv umzusetzen, indem beispielsweise der bodenseitige Raum zur Energievernichtung ausreichend groß gewählt wird, um einerseits die gewünschte Reduzierung der kinetischen Energie der Schmelze zu erreichen, andererseits aber auch den Schmelzestrahl in gewünschter Weise umzulenken. Für das obere auslaufseitige Ende des Bauteils wird eine möglichst laminare, beruhigte Schmelzeströmung zumindest umfangsseitig gewünscht.These functional specifications are depending on the amount, viscosity, temperature and / or Speed of molten metal constructively implement, for example by the bottom-side space for energy destruction is chosen sufficiently large to on the one hand the desired reduction of the kinetic energy of the melt reach, on the other hand, but also the melt jet in the desired manner redirect. For the upper outlet end of the component is a possible laminar, calm melt flow desired at least on the periphery.

Der genannte Neigungswinkel beträgt nach einer Ausführungsform zwischen 10 und 80 Grad, nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform zwischen 30 und 60 Grad.Said angle of inclination amounts in one embodiment between 10 and 80 degrees, according to another embodiment between 30 and 60 degrees.

Soweit die entsprechende Einrichtung (das Bauteil) bereits mit flüssiger Metallschmelze gefüllt ist genügt im Prinzip der beschriebene Schrägverlauf der inneren Wandflächen. Bei einer Rinne wird hierdurch eine Art "V-förmiger Querschnitt des Förderraumes" zumindest oberhalb der Einschnürung für die Metallschmelze ausgebildet. Sofern die Form befüllt wird kann die Metallschmelze, je nach Auftreffwinkel, unkontrolliert umherspritzen, bevor sie vom Boden wieder nach oben und aus dem Bauteil herausgeführt wird. Dies wird nun durch die erwähnte Querschnittsverminderung zwischen den Wänden (oberhalb des Bodens) verhindert.As far as the corresponding device (the component) already with liquid Metal melt is filled in principle, the described skew the inner wall surfaces. In a gutter thereby a kind of "V-shaped Cross section of the delivery chamber "at least above the constriction for the Molten metal formed. If the mold is filled, the molten metal, depending on the angle of impact, splash around uncontrollably before coming off the ground again is led up and out of the component. This is now through the mentioned cross section reduction between the walls (above the floor) prevented.

Zur Vermeidung einer unkontrollierten Strömungsumlenkung sieht eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung vor, einzelne Wände oder mehrere Abschnitte der Innenflächen der genannten Wände mit unterschiedlichen Neigungswinkeln auszubilden. Auf diese Art und Weise können Schikanen, Strömungsbremsen oder Strömungsführungen an den Innenwänden des Bauteils und unsymmetrische Geometrien ausgebildet werden.To avoid an uncontrolled flow deflection sees a Further development of the invention, individual walls or multiple sections of Inner surfaces of said walls with different angles of inclination train. In this way can be harassment, flow brakes or Flow guides on the inner walls of the component and unbalanced Geometries are formed.

Dabei ist eine Ausführungsform möglich, bei der die dem freien Ende der Wand benachbarten Abschnitte einen größeren Neigungswinkel aufweisen als der dem Boden des Bauteils benachbarte Abschnitt. In jedem Fall soll sich der Innenquerschnitt des Bauteils zum freien, offenen Ende hin vergrößern.In this case, an embodiment is possible in which the free end of the wall adjacent sections have a greater angle of inclination than that of the Bottom of the component adjacent section. In any case, the inner cross section should of the component to the free, open end to increase.

Die einzelnen Neigungsabschnitte können entweder unmittelbar (kontinuierlich) ineinander übergehen (wie ausgeführt, auch mit unterschiedlichen Winkeln). Es ist aber auch möglich, die Innenflächen der genannten Wände - im Schnitt betrachtet - mit einem Sägezahnprofil auszubilden, so daß "hinterschnittene Zonen" wandseitig ausgebildet werden, die als Strömungsbremse auf die Metallschmelze wirken. Die erwähnte Einschnürung kann von einer solchen "Zahngeometrie" gebildet werden.The individual slope sections can be either directly (continuous) merge into each other (as stated, even with different Angles). But it is also possible, the inner surfaces of said walls - im Section considered - form with a sawtooth profile, so that "undercut Zones be formed on the wall side, as a flow brake on the Molten metal act. The mentioned constriction can of such "Tooth geometry" are formed.

Ebenso können die Innenflächen der Wände abgerundete, gegeneinander gerichtete Profilabschnitte aufweisen oder nutartige Vertiefungen.Similarly, the inner surfaces of the walls can be rounded, facing each other Profile sections or groove-like depressions.

Beispielsweise bei einer Rinnenform bietet es sich an, die Innenflächen der gegenüberliegenden Wände spiegelbildlich und die gesamte Anordnung gegebenenfalls symmetrisch zu gestalten.For example, in a gutter shape, it is advisable to the inner surfaces of the opposite walls mirrored and the entire arrangement if necessary symmetrical.

Eine solche Ausführungsform wird auch in der folgenden Figurenbeschreibung näher erläutert.Such an embodiment will become more apparent in the following description of the figures explained.

Neben der genannten Rinnenform kann das Bauteil auch topfartig gestaltet sein.In addition to the aforementioned channel shape, the component can also be designed pot-shaped.

Durch eine gekrümmte Ausbildung der Wandflächen lassen sich diese endseitig verbinden, so daß ein geschlossenes Bauteil mit beispielsweise ovalem oder rundem Innenquerschnitt (und/oder Außenquerschnitt) gebildet wird. Ebenso können mindestens zwei weitere Wände vorgesehen werden, die die beiden bereits beschriebenen Wände unter Ausbildung einer (rechteckigen oder mehreckigen) Topfform verbinden.By a curved design of the wall surfaces can be this end connect, so that a closed component with, for example, oval or round Inner cross section (and / or outer cross section) is formed. Likewise at least two more walls are provided, the two already described walls under formation of a (rectangular or polygonal) Connect pot shape.

Aus strömungstechnischer Sicht bieten sich rotationsymmetrische Formen an.From a fluidic point of view, rotationally symmetric shapes are available.

Profilierungen der umlaufenden Innenwand können dabei schraubenartig, gewindeartig oder wendelartig verlaufen. Profiles of the circumferential inner wall can be helical, thread-like or helical.

Das Verhältnis Höhe : Breite (des von den Wänden begrenzten Innenraums) kann in weiten Bereichen schwanken. Es wird in der Regel > 2:1 bis 1:4 betragen, kann ohne weiteres aber auch bis zum Verhältnis 1:15 gehen. Gleiches gilt für das Verhältnis Höhe : maximaler Durchmesser bei den beschriebenen topfartigen Geometrien.The ratio height: width (of the wall bounded interior) can in vary widely. It will usually be> 2: 1 to 1: 4, can be without but also go up to the ratio of 1:15. The same applies to the relationship Height: maximum diameter for the described pot-like geometries.

Insbesondere bei den beschriebenen Ausführungsformen, bei denen der Querschnitt der Öffnung zwischen den Wänden am auslaufseitigen Ende der Schmelze größer ist als am bodenseitigen Ende kann das Bauteil in der Regel problemlos einteilig hergestellt werden, zum Beispiel durch Gießen oder Pressen. Etwaige Hinterschnitte können beispielsweise durch ausbrennbare Füllkörper bei der Herstellung ausgebildet werden.In particular, in the described embodiments, in which the cross section the opening between the walls at the outlet end of the melt is larger As at the bottom end of the component can usually easily one-piece produced, for example by casting or pressing. Any undercuts can be formed for example by burnable filler in the production become.

Durch Auswahl verschiedener Neigungswinkel beziehungsweise Profilierungen der Innenwände ist eine exakte und individuelle Gestaltung des Bauteils zur Anpassung an die Form und Eigenschaften (Menge, Strömungsgeschwindigkeit, Strahldurchmesser des eintretenden Metallstrahles möglich). Damit läßt sich auch die Strömungslenkung und der Abbau der kinetischen Energie einstellen.By selecting different angles of inclination or profiles of Interior walls is an exact and individual design of the component for customization to the shape and properties (amount, flow velocity, Beam diameter of the incoming metal beam possible). This is also possible adjust the flow control and the removal of kinetic energy.

Zwischen strömungslenkenden Flächen, insbesondere zur Vertikalen geneigte Flächen, können Verbindungsflächen auch horizontal (parallel zum Boden), vertikal (senkrecht zum Boden), mit einem Neigungswinkel > 90° zur Vertikalen oder mit gekrümmtem Profil angeordnet werden.Between flow-guiding surfaces, in particular inclined to the vertical Surfaces, connecting surfaces can also be horizontal (parallel to the ground), vertical (perpendicular to the ground), with an inclination angle> 90 ° to the vertical or with curved profile can be arranged.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche sowie den sonstigen Anmeldungsunterlagen.Other features of the invention will become apparent from the features of Subclaims and other application documents.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand verschiedener Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen die Figuren 1 bis 4, jeweils in stark schematisierter Darstellung und im Querschnitt, unterschiedliche Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils.The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to various embodiments explained. The figures 1 to 4, each in a highly schematic Representation and in cross section, different embodiments of a component according to the invention.

Gleiche oder gleichwirkende Elemente sind mit gleichen Bezugsziffern dargestellt. The same or equivalent elements are shown with the same reference numerals.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 zeigt eine mögliche Grundgeometrie eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils mit einem Boden 10. Zwei Wände 12, 14 erstrecken sich mit Wandabschnitten 12u, 14u von gegenüberliegenden Abschnitten 101, 10r des Bodens 10, und zwar in die gleiche Richtung (nämlich nach oben), jedoch mit entgegengesetzter Neigung, und zwar zunächst gegeneinander gerichtet (bis zu einem minimalen Abstand dmin) und dann auseinander laufend (Wandabschnitte 12o, 14o)The embodiment of Figure 1 shows a possible basic geometry of a component according to the invention with a bottom 10. Two walls 12, 14 extend with wall portions 12u, 14u of opposite portions 101, 10r of the bottom 10, in the same direction (namely, upward) , but with opposite inclination, namely initially directed against each other (up to a minimum distance d min ) and then diverging (wall sections 12o, 14o)

Der maximale Abstand der unteren Wandabschnitte 12u, 14u der Wände 12, 14 ist mit d angegeben, der Abstand der oberen Abschnitte der Wände 12, 14 im Bereich ihrer freien Enden 12r, 14r ist durch D gekennzeichnet. Wobei D und d > dmin sind und D > d. Die Wände 12, 14 verlaufen spiegelbildlich zu einer gedachten Symmetrieebene E-E. Der Neigungswinkel a der unteren Abschnitte der Wände 12, 14 beträgt ca. 70° zur Oberseite des Bodens 10. Die oberen Abschnitte der Wände 12, 14 verlaufen unter einem Winkel b von ca. 20° zu einer Ebene parallel zur Ebene E-E.The maximum distance of the lower wall portions 12u, 14u of the walls 12, 14 is indicated by d, the distance of the upper portions of the walls 12, 14 in the region of their free ends 12r, 14r is indicated by D. Where D and d> d min and D> d. The walls 12, 14 are mirror images of an imaginary plane of symmetry EE. The angle of inclination a of the lower portions of the walls 12, 14 is about 70 ° to the top of the bottom 10. The upper portions of the walls 12, 14 extend at an angle b of about 20 ° to a plane parallel to the plane EE.

Insgesamt ergibt sich für das Bauteil damit eine Querschnittsgeometrie des von den Wänden begrenzten Innenraumes R, die der einer Eieruhr ähnlich ist.Overall, this results in a cross-sectional geometry of the component of the Walls of limited interior R similar to that of an egg timer.

In Pfeilrichtung Z1 zugeführte Metallschmelze gelangt auf den Boden 10 und wird in Pfeilrichtung Z2 umgelenkt und schließlich in Pfeilrichtung Z3 wandseitig nach oben geführt, bis sie über den äußeren Rand 12r, 14r der Wände weggeführt wird.In the direction of arrow Z1 supplied molten metal reaches the bottom 10 and is in Direction of arrow Z2 deflected and finally in the direction of arrow Z3 wall side up guided until it is led over the outer edge 12r, 14r of the walls.

Zwischen Boden 10 und der genannten Einschnürungsstelle 11 erfolgt ein Abbau der kinetischen Energie der zugeführten Schmelze. Durch die Querschnittsverjüngung wird gleichzeitig ein unkontrolliertes Herumspritzen der Schmelze vermieden. In dem Abschnitt zwischen der Einschnürung 11 und der oberen Öffnung O (zwischen den Innenflächen der Randabschnitte 12r, 14r) wird eine Diffusorzone ausgebildet, in der die Schmelze wandseitig ungestört und in larninarem Fluß aus dem Bauteil austreten kann, während mittig (gemäß Pfeil Z1) neue Metallschmelze in das Bauteil eintreten kann.Between bottom 10 and said constriction point 11 takes place a degradation of kinetic energy of the supplied melt. Through the cross-sectional rejuvenation At the same time an uncontrolled squirting of the melt is avoided. In the portion between the constriction 11 and the upper opening O (between the inner surfaces of the edge portions 12r, 14r) a diffuser zone is formed, in the melt on the wall undisturbed and in larninarem flow from the component can escape while in the middle (according to arrow Z1) new molten metal in the component can occur.

Das Bauteil gemäß Figur 1 ist als Rinne gestaltet.The component according to FIG. 1 is designed as a channel.

Gleiches gilt für das Bauteil nach Figur 2. Auch dieses ist gegenüber einer Symmetrieebene E spiegelbildlich gestaltet, so daß die weitere Geometrie nur anhand der (linken) Wand 12 erläutert wird und analog für die Wand 14 gilt.The same applies to the component of Figure 2. This is opposite to a Symmetrieebene E mirror-image designed so that the further geometry only is explained with reference to the (left) wall 12 and applies analogously to the wall 14.

Vom Boden 10 verläuft zunächst ein erster Innenwandabschnitt 12.1 unter einem Winkel a zur Ebene E-E von etwa 45 Grad. An diesen Abschnitt schließt ein parallel zum Boden 10 verlaufender Abschnitt 12.2 an, der nach Innen (in Richtung auf die gegenüberliegende Wand 14) verläuft. An diesen Abschnitt 12.2 schließt sich ein weiterer Abschnitt 12.3 an, der unter einem Winkel β von circa 40 Grad zur Ebene E-E bis zum oberen Rand 12r der Wand 12 verläuft. Zwischen den Abschnitten 12.2 und 12.3 ist der Wandabstand dmin also am kleinsten.From the bottom 10, first a first inner wall section 12.1 extends at an angle a to the plane EE of approximately 45 degrees. This section is followed by a parallel to the bottom 10 extending portion 12.2, which extends inwards (in the direction of the opposite wall 14). This section 12.2 is followed by a further section 12.3 which extends at an angle β of approximately 40 degrees to the plane EE up to the upper edge 12r of the wall 12. Between the sections 12.2 and 12.3, the wall distance d min is therefore the smallest.

Es ergibt sich insgesamt für den Innenraum R des Bauteils eine im wesentlichen V-förmige Geometrie zwischen Boden 10 und äußerem Rand 12r, 14r, jedoch mit einer hinterschnittenen Zone 20. Diese führt zu einer kontrollierten Richtungsumtenkung der zugeführten Metallschmelze. Es erfolgt eine Durchwirbelung des umgelenkten Schmelzestrahles. Die Schmelze verliert ihre Strömungsrichtung. Die kinetische Energie wird unmittelbar nach dem Angießen und danach weitestgehend vernichtet.This results in a total of the interior R of the component is a substantially V-shaped Geometry between bottom 10 and outer edge 12r, 14r, but with a undercut zone 20. This leads to a controlled Richtungsumtenkung the supplied molten metal. There is a swirling of the deflected Melt stream. The melt loses its flow direction. The kinetic Energy is destroyed immediately after casting and then largely destroyed.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 3 ähnelt dem nach Figur 2, wobei es sich bei dem hier dargestellten Bauteil allerdings um ein rotationssymmetrisch gestaltetes, topfartiges Bauteil handelt, also um eine Art Pralltopf. Die Rotationssymmetrie ergibt sich in Bezug auf eine gedachte Mittenlängsachse M-M. The embodiment of Figure 3 is similar to that of Figure 2, wherein it is at the component shown here, however, designed around a rotationally symmetrical, pot-like component, so a kind of baffle. The rotational symmetry results with respect to an imaginary center longitudinal axis M-M.

In Abwandlung zum Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 2 ist die Innenwand 12 zwischen den Abschnitten 12.1 und 12.3 durch einen weiteren Schrägabschnitt 12.4 und einen weiteren horizontal verlaufenden Abschnitt 12.5 charakterisiert, wodurch sich eine weitere, hinterschnittene Zone 22 ergibt. Der Neigungswinkel γ des Abschnitts 12.4 ist größer als der Neigungswinkel β des Abschnitts 12.3.In a modification to the embodiment of Figure 2, the inner wall 12th between the sections 12.1 and 12.3 by a further inclined section 12.4 and a further horizontally extending portion 12.5, whereby another, undercut zone 22 results. The inclination angle γ of Section 12.4 is greater than the inclination angle β of section 12.3.

Im Sinne der Erfindung kann die in Figur 3 dargestellte gegenüberliegende Wandfläche als Wandfläche 14 bezeichnet werden. Technisch betrachtet handelt es sich natürlich um dieselbe Wandfläche 12, die im linken Teil der Figur dargestellt ist, weil diese Wand aufgrund der beschriebenen Topfgeometrie umläuft.For the purposes of the invention, the opposite shown in Figure 3 can Wall surface can be referred to as a wall surface 14. Technically it acts course around the same wall surface 12 shown in the left part of the figure, because this wall rotates due to the described pot geometry.

Der Boden 10 weist eine kalottenartige Oberfläche 10o auf, die auch umgekehrt gewölbt sein könnte.The bottom 10 has a dome-like surface 10o, which also vice versa could be arched.

Figur 4 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Pralltopfes, wobei sich an einen unteren, geneigten Wandabschnitt 12.1 ein Wandabschnitt 12.6 anschließt, der senkrecht zum Boden 10 verläuft und der von einer wulstartigen Innenwandfläche 12.7 gefolgt wird, die sich zum freien äußeren Rand 12r des Pralltopfes hin nach außen erweitert, so daß der Pralltopf am oberen freien Ende einen deutlich größeren Innendurchmesser Q aufweist als im Bereich der Aufprallfläche 24 des Bodens 10 (Durchmesser q). Wiederum zwischen dem Bodenbereich 10 und der Öffnung 0 ist die Stelle mit dem geringsten Querschnitt des Raums R (qmin).FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of an impact pot, wherein a wall section 12.6 adjoins a lower, inclined wall section 12.1, which runs perpendicular to the floor 10 and is followed by a bead-like inner wall surface 12.7 which projects towards the free outer edge 12r of the impact pot extended outside, so that the baffle pot at the upper free end has a much larger inner diameter Q than in the area of the impact surface 24 of the bottom 10 (diameter q). Again, between the bottom area 10 and the opening 0 is the location with the smallest cross-section of the space R (q min ).

Auch mit der in Figur 4 beschriebenen Geometrie ergibt sich eine umlaufende hinterschnittene (nutartige) Zone 20, die der Umlenkung und Beruhigung der metallurgischen Schmelze sowie dem Abbau der kinetischen Energie der Schmelze dient.Even with the geometry described in Figure 4 results in a circumferential undercut (groove-like) zone 20, the diversion and reassurance of metallurgical melt and the degradation of the kinetic energy of the melt serves.

Der Körper kann einteilig aus einer Gießmasse (zum Beispiel auf Basis Al2O3) hergestellt werden. The body can be produced in one piece from a casting compound (for example based on Al 2 O 3 ).

Figur 4 zeigt - gestrichelt - auch eine mögliche Abwandlungsform. Dabei sind die mehr oder weniger geradlinig aneinander anschließenden Wandabschnitte 12.1, 12.6 und 12.7 fließend, ineinander übergehend ausgebildet, wobei der zum Öffnungsmund O gerichtete Teil des Flächenabschnitts 12.7 mit einer zusätzlichen konkaven Krümmung gestaltet ist. Auch umgekehrte Wölbung (konvexe Krümmung) entspricht dem beanspruchten Gegenstand.Figure 4 shows - dashed - also a possible modification. there are the more or less straight adjoining wall sections 12.1, 12.6 and 12.7 flowing, merging, wherein the opening of the mouth O directed part of the surface portion 12.7 designed with an additional concave curvature. Also reverse Curvature (convex curvature) corresponds to the claimed object.

Allgemein gilt: Eine oder mehrere innere Boden- und Wandfläche(n) des beschriebenen Aufprallkörpers (Bauteils) können geradlinig oder gekrümmt, und zwar konvex wie konkav gekrümmt, auch ineinander übergehend, mit gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Neigungswinkeln/Krümmungsradien verlaufen. Dadurch kann das Strömungsverhalten der Schmelze auf den konkreten Anwendungsfall angepasst werden.In general: One or more inner floor and wall surfaces of the described impact body (component) can be rectilinear or curved, convex as concave curved, also merging with each other, with same or different angles of inclination / radii of curvature run. As a result, the flow behavior of the melt on the specific application.

Werden die in Figur 4 dargestellten geraden Wandabschnitte, welche zu der Ebene E-E einen Winkel von > 0 und < 90° einschließen, durch gekrümmte Wandabschnitte ersetzt, so ist nicht der gesamte Wandabschnitt unter einem einzigen Winkel zur Ebene E-E geneigt. Der Winkel β, unter dem der jeweilige Teil des Wandabschnitts gegen die Ebene E-E geneigt ist, ist dann für jeden Punkt der Innenkontur des Wandabschnitts durch den Winkel bestimmt, den die Tangente im jeweiligen Punkt mit der Ebene einschließt.If the straight wall sections shown in Figure 4, which to the Plane E-E include an angle of> 0 and <90 °, by curved Replaced wall sections, so not the entire wall section is under one single angle inclined to the plane E-E. The angle β, under which the respective part of the wall portion is inclined against the plane E-E, then for each point of the inner contour of the wall section through the angle which the tangent at each point encloses with the plane.

Aufgrund ihrer Krümmung weisen die gekrümmten Wandabschnitte 12.1, 12.6 und 12.7 jeweils unterschiedliche Winkel auf, unter denen sie zur Ebene E-E verlaufen.Due to their curvature, the curved wall sections 12.1, 12.6 and 12.7 each have different angles, under which they to the plane E-E run.

In Figur 4 ist beispielsweise an den Punkt P, der auf dem zum Öffnungsmund O gerichteten Flächenabschnitt 12.7 liegt, die Tangente T angelegt. Am Punkt P verläuft der Flächenabschnitt 12.7 unter dem Winkel β von ca. 80 Grad zur Ebene E-E.In FIG. 4, for example, the point P is on the opening mouth O directed surface section 12.7, the tangent T applied. At the point P is the surface section 12.7 at the angle β of about 80 degrees to Level E-E.

Claims (19)

  1. A refractory ceramic component with the following characteristics:
    1.1 a base (10),
    1.2 at least two walls (12, 14),
    1.3 the walls (12, 14) extend from opposing sections (101, 10r) of the base (10) such that at least segments (12.1, 12.3, 12.4) of their inner surfaces are oppositely inclined by an angle of > 0 and < 90 degrees referred to a plane E-E that extends perpendicular to the base (10),
    1.4 an opening (O) is arranged between the free ends (12r, 14r) of the walls (12, 14), and
    1.5 between the base (10) and the opening (O), there is at least one section (11) in which the distance (dmin, qmin) between the walls (12, 14) is smaller than in the adjacent regions (12u, 14u; 12o, 14o) towards the opening (O) and towards the base (10).
  2. The component according to-Claim 1, wherein each inner surface comprises several segments (12.1, 12.3, 12.4, 12.7) with different angles of inclination.
  3. The component according to Claim 1, wherein each inner surface comprises several segments (12.1, 12.3, 12.4, 12.7) with different angles of inclination,: and wherein the segment (12.3, 12.7) situated adjacent to the free end (12r, 14r) of the walls (12, 14) is inclined by a larger angle of inclination than the segment (12.1) situated adjacent to the base (10).
  4. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the inner surfaces of the walls (12, 14) have a sawtooth profile--if viewed in the form of a section.
  5. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the inner surfaces of the walls (12, 14) have rounded profile segments (12.7) that are directed toward one another.
  6. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the inner surfaces of the walls (12, 14) have at least one groove-like depression (20, 22).
  7. The component according to Claim 6, wherein the groove-like depression (20, 22) is inclined in its longitudinal direction.
  8. The component according to Claim 1, wherein opposing inner surfaces of the walls (12, 14) are realized in a laterally reversed fashion.
  9. The component according to Claim 1 in the form of a gutter with an open top.
  10. The component according to Claim 1 with at least two additional walls are provided which connect the two walls (12, 14) such that the component has a pot-shaped geometry.
  11. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the component has the shape of a pot of oval, rectangular or circular geometry if viewed in the form of a top view.
  12. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the ratio height: width or height: maximum diameter of the space (R) enclosed by the walls (12, 14) lies between 2:1 and 1:4.
  13. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the ratio height: width or height: maximum diameter of the space (R) enclosed by the walls (12, 14) is as high as 1:15.
  14. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the inner surfaces of the walls (12, 14) have an angle of inclination between 10 and 80 degrees.
  15. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the inner surfaces of the walls (12, 14) have an angle of inclination between 30 and 60 degrees.
  16. The component according to Claim 1, realized as a one-piece component.
  17. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the component has a calotte-shaped base (10).
  18. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the distance between the inner surfaces of the walls (12, 14) increases toward their free ends (12r, 14r).
  19. The component according to Claim 1, wherein the distance between the inner surfaces of the walls (12, 14) is greater in the region of the free ends (12r, 14r) and in the region of the ends (12b, 14b) of the walls (12, 14) at the base side than in at least one region (11) situated in between.
EP03784140A 2002-08-05 2003-08-01 Refractory ceramic part Expired - Lifetime EP1526940B1 (en)

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DE10235867A DE10235867B3 (en) 2002-08-05 2002-08-05 Refractory ceramic component
PCT/EP2003/008535 WO2004014585A1 (en) 2002-08-05 2003-08-01 Fire resistant ceramic part

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EP1526940A1 (en) 2005-05-04
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ES2253708T3 (en) 2006-06-01
CN1298464C (en) 2007-02-07
WO2004014585A1 (en) 2004-02-19
TWI238748B (en) 2005-09-01
BR0305743A (en) 2004-09-28

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