EP1525290A1 - Composition de carburant contenant une fraction lourde - Google Patents

Composition de carburant contenant une fraction lourde

Info

Publication number
EP1525290A1
EP1525290A1 EP02778739A EP02778739A EP1525290A1 EP 1525290 A1 EP1525290 A1 EP 1525290A1 EP 02778739 A EP02778739 A EP 02778739A EP 02778739 A EP02778739 A EP 02778739A EP 1525290 A1 EP1525290 A1 EP 1525290A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
composition
hydrocarbon
diesel
additive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02778739A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ian Williamson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuel Performance Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Fuel Performance Solutions Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuel Performance Solutions Inc filed Critical Fuel Performance Solutions Inc
Publication of EP1525290A1 publication Critical patent/EP1525290A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C10L1/191—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polyhydroxyalcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
    • C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/2227—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond urea; derivatives thereof; urethane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
    • C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/228—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen double bond, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones, imines; containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen triple bond, e.g. nitriles
    • C10L1/2286—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen double bond, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones, imines; containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen triple bond, e.g. nitriles containing one or more carbon to nitrogen triple bonds, e.g. nitriles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/232—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring

Definitions

  • Diesel engines present a further problem for the automotive and transportation industry because the exhaust emissions from these type of engines typically include high levels of PM, together with NO x .
  • Diesel engine particulate emissions are easily observable in the form of black smoke discharged from the engine.
  • diesel engine particulate matter emissions can be controlled by the use of black smoke filters or catalytic converters. While these emission-control devices are effective in decreasing particulate matter emissions, they are not effective in reducing NO x emissions. Attempts have been made to reduce NO x and PM emissions from internal combustion engines. However, these known emission control systems and strategies have associated disadvantages.
  • Compression ignition engines have been trialled with various different fuels from varying feedstocks.
  • the effects of that composition a variety of factors must be considered and taken into account. Among these factors are engine performance (including efficiency, and emissions), cost of end product, necessary infrastructure changes to produce the components of the composition, and availability of feedstock to provide those components.
  • Biodiesel is a nontoxic, biodegradable replacement for petroleum diesel which is made from vegetable oil, recycled cooking oil and tallow. Biodiesel belongs to a family of fatty acids called methyl esters which are defined by the medium length, Ci ⁇ -C-i ⁇ fatty acid linked chains. These linked chains help differentiate biodiesel from regular petroleum diesel. Biodiesel has similar performance characteristics as ordinary, petroleum-based diesel, but is cleaner burning.
  • Biodiesel and petroleum-based diesel are able to reduce particle, hydrocarbon, and carbon monoxide emissions, as compared with ordinary diesel.
  • Direct benefits associated with the use of biodiesel, in a 20% blend with ordinary diesel, as opposed to using straight diesel, include increasing the fuel's cetane and lubricity for improved engine life and reducing the fuel's emissions profile for CO, CO 2 , PM, and HC.
  • B20 is a blend comprising 20% biodiesel and 80% diesel. Users of such fuels can take advantage of a portion of the incentives made available to users of renewable fuels. Specifically, the use of 5 gallons of B20 fuel is equivalent to the use of 1 gallon of renewable fuel. It would be useful to be able to generate a fuel composition which would be able to take full advantage of the available incentives, instead of the 1/5th incentive currently available for use of B20.
  • biodiesel can be used in fuel compositions and its NO x disadvantage can be corrected, while allowing the user to take full advantage of available incentives for use of renewable fuels.
  • a further purpose of the invention is to provide a method for improving fuel efficiency and reducing NO x emissions in engines operated at average ambient temperatures above 0°C.
  • the heavy fraction fuel can be derived from petroleum.
  • the term "synthetic blend” means a heavy fraction fuel not derived from petroleum.
  • the heavy fraction fuel is derived from natural gas condensate.
  • the heavy fraction fuel is obtained from natural gas via a gas-to-liquid process, in which the gas is converted into a waxy material, and subsequently converted into a liquid.
  • “heavy fraction fuel” what is meant is C 5 -C 2 o hydrocarbon fuel.
  • the heavy fraction fuel is a C 8 -C 2 o hydrocarbon fuel.
  • the preferred synthetic blend is derived by straight fractionation from natural gas condensate.
  • the synthetic blend has an initial boiling point ranging from about 120°C to 160°C, more preferably from about 130°C to 150°C, most preferably 140°C, and a final boiling point ranging from about 290°C to 330°C, more preferably from about 300°C to 320°C, most preferably 310°C.
  • the synthetic blend will normally have a high cetane value, low aromatic content, low sulfur content, and poor lubricity.
  • the synthetic blend will make up from 5-95% of the final fuel composition, preferably from 5% to 40%, more preferably from 15- 25%, most preferably 20%. Unless otherwise noted, all relative percentages described in this application are by weight.
  • Epact fuel is a regulatory designation for fuels which are derived from renewable sources (including synthetic blends from natural gas sources), the renewable sources content being greater than the petroleum-based components.
  • renewable sources including synthetic blends from natural gas sources
  • Extensive use of Epact fuels have been hampered by a number of factors, including the fact that they have a boutique status. This means that feedstocks for Epact fuels are limited, which means that widespread use will require extensive new infrastructure.
  • the present invention addresses the shortage of feedstocks and the fact of low sulfur causing lubricity problems and also, succeeding with an Epact fuel by blending a combination of biodiesel, synthetic blend, and regular diesel. The result would be a high lubricity, high cetane fuel.
  • the fuel additive composition comprises the following three components:
  • R is a C 6 , C , C 8 , C 9 , C 10 , Cu, C12, C1 3 , Cu, C 15 , or C 16 hydrocarbon
  • R 2 is H or CH 3
  • x is 1-7. It is preferred that R 1 is C 9 or C-io and x is 2.5.
  • the additive contains from about 20 to
  • the additive includes from about 33 to 55% of the ethoxylated alcohol constituent;
  • R 3 is C i8 , or C19 hydrocarbon
  • R 4 is H or CH 3
  • y is 1-20
  • R 5 is H or COR 3 .
  • R 3 is C ⁇ and R 5 is COR.
  • Polyethylene glycol diesters of oleic acid are preferred, as are polyethylene glycol ditallates. The use of the mono- oleates is also possible.
  • the preferred polyethylene glycol ester may include blends of different compounds. Preferred forms of the additive include from about 10 to 60%, and more preferably from about 25 to 40%, of the polyethylene glycol ester constituent. More highly preferred embodiments comprise from about 25 to 33% of the polyethylene glycol ester constituent;
  • R 6 is a C 12 , C ⁇ 3 , C 1 , C ⁇ 5 , or C ⁇ 6 , C ⁇ , orCis, hydrocarbon
  • R 7 is H or CH 2 CH 2 OH.
  • R 6 is C 17 and R 7 is CH 2 CH 2 OH.
  • Oleic acid diethanolamides are highly preferred alkanolamides for use in practicing the invention.
  • the ethanolamide constituent may be provided as a blend of different ethanolamides.
  • Preferred forms of the additive include from about 10 to 60%, more preferably from about 25 to 40% by weight of the alkanolamide. More preferred is an additive containing from about 25 to 33% of the alkanolamide constituent.
  • the fuel additive can contain a nitrogen-containing component selected from the group consisting of urea, cyanuric acid, triazine, ammonia, and mixtures thereof.
  • a nitrogen-containing component selected from the group consisting of urea, cyanuric acid, triazine, ammonia, and mixtures thereof.
  • the nitrogen- containing compound is present in an amount from about 3% to 35% with respect to the fuel additive composition, more preferably from about 3 to 32%, most preferably from about 10% to 32%.
  • the fuel additive preferably comprises from about 30% to 75% of the ethoxylated alcohol, and more preferably comprises from about 33-55% of this constituent.
  • Ethoxylated alcohols can be prepared by the alkoxylation of linear or branched alcohols with commercially available alkaline oxides, such a ethylene oxide ("EO”) or propylene oxide (“PO”), or mixtures thereof.
  • Ethoxylated alcohols suitable for use in the invention are available from Tomah Products, Inc. of 337 Vincent Street, Milton, Wisconsin 53563 under the trade name of TomadolTM.
  • Illustrative Tomadol products include Tomadol 91-2.5 and TomadolTM 1-3.
  • TomadolTM 91-2.5 is a mixture of C9, C10, and C11 alcohols with an average of 2.7 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
  • the HLB value (Hydrophyllic/Lipophyllic Balance) of TomadolTM 91- 2.5 is reported as 8.5.
  • TomadolTM 1-3 is an ethoxylated C11 (major proportion) alcohol with an average of 3 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol. The HLB value is reported as 8.7.
  • Other sources of ethoxylated alcohols include Huntsman Corp., Salt Lake City, UT, Condea Vista Company, Houston, TX, and Rhodia, Inc., Cranbury, NJ.
  • the fuel additive preferably comprises from about 10 to 60% by weight of the polyethylene glycol ester constituent. More preferred forms of the fuel additive include from about 25% to 40% by weight of the polyethylene glycol ester constituent while still more preferred embodiments comprise from about 25% to 33% by weight of the polyethylene glycol ester constituent.
  • the monoester can be manufactured through the alkoxylation of a fatty acid (such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, coco fatty acid, etc.) with EO, PO, or mixtures thereof.
  • the diesters can be prepared by the reaction of a polyethylene glycol with 2 equivalents of a fatty acid.
  • Preferred polyethylene glycol esters are PEG 400 dioleate, which is available from Lambent Technologies Inc. of Skokie, IL, as Lumulse 42-O, and PEG 600 dioleate, also available from Lambent as Lumulse 62-O.
  • Another polyethylene glycol ester suitable for use in the invention includes Mapeg brand 600-DOT, Polyethylene glycol 600 distallate from BASF Corporation, Speciality Chemicals, Mt. Olive, NJ. Other suppliers of these and related chemicals are Stepan Co., Lonza, Inc. and Goldschmidt, AG of Hopewell, VA.
  • the fuel additive comprises form about 10% to 60% by weight of the alkanolamide constituent. More preferred forms of the fuel additive include from about 25% to 40% by weight of the alkanolamide constituent while still more preferred embodiments comprise from about 20% to 80% by weight of the alkanolamide constituent.
  • the alkanolamides can be prepared by reacting a mono- or diethanolamide with a fatty acid ester.
  • a preferred alkanolamide is oleic diethanolamide.
  • Alkanolamides suitable for use in the invention are available from Mclntyre Group, University Park, IL under the trade name of Mackamide.
  • Mackamide MO Mackamide MO
  • Oleamide DEA Henkel Canada
  • suitable alkanolamides such as Comperlan OD, "Oleamide DEA.”
  • Other commercial sources of alkanolamides are Rhodia, Inc. and Goldschmidt AG.
  • the components of fuel additive can mixed in any order using conventional mixing devices. Ordinarily, the mixing will be done at ambient temperatures, from about 0°C to 35°C. Normally, the fuel additive can be splash blended into the base fuel. Ideally, the fuel additive will be a homogeneous mixture of each of its components.
  • Another preferred fuel composition of the invention comprises a
  • the fuel composition will comprise from about 0.01 to 3% of the fuel additive composition.
  • Fuel compositions according to the invention can also comprise an oxygenated component selected from the group consisting of ethanol, methanol, ethylal (dethoxyethane) and methylal (dimethoxymethane).
  • the fuel compositions can also comprise a cetane improver. Cetane improvers, such as ethyl hexyl nitrate and octyl nitrate, increase the cetane value of diesel fuel, and are compounds well known in the art.
  • a method of increasing the efficiency of a diesel-based fuel and decreasing the NO x emissions from engines using such fuels comprising the use of a fuel composition comprising: (a) diesel; and (b) a heavy fraction, from any source) in an engine which is being operated at average ambient temperatures of at least 0° C, preferably at average ambient temperatures of at least 5°C, more preferably at average ambient temperatures of at least 10°C, most preferably at average ambient temperatures of at least 15°C.
  • the amount of heavy fraction in the fuel composition can range from about 30% to 80%, more preferably from about 45% to 60%, most preferably from about 50% to 60%.
  • the synthetic blend used in each of the exemplified fuel compositions was obtained from a natural gas condensate. Such products are available from numerous sources, including ExxonMobil and Phillips Petroleum.
  • the physical properties of the synthetic blend, and its component analysis, along with those of the biodiesel blends used in the examples, are provided in Table 1 below.
  • the soy oil biodiesel was obtained from Griffin Industries, of Kentucky.
  • the yellow grease biodiesel was also obtained from Griffin Industries.
  • the testing methods for the various measurements are identified by ASTM method number in the table. The same tests were also run on the final fuel blends, the results of which are reported in Tables 2 and 3.
  • the D2 baseline fuel used in each example was a typical EPA No. 2 diesel fuel, obtained from the Southwest Research Institute .
  • the CARB-equivalent fuel was also obtained from Southwest Research Institute.
  • the fuel additive used for each blend contained 33.3% TomadolTM 91-2.5, 33.3% oleic diethanolamide and 33.3% PEG 400 dioleate.
  • compositions were made by splash blending the components.
  • Fuel J 1/2 contained 79.5% of the D2 baseline fuel, 20% of the synthetic blend, and 0.5% of the fuel additive. The carbon weight was slightly less than the D2 baseline fuel. The distillation curve was also premature when compared to D2. This suggests that Fuel J 1/2 was less dense than the
  • Fuel K1 1/2 contained 48.8% of the D2 baseline fuel, 31 % of the synthetic blend, 20% soy biodiesel, and 0.2% of the fuel additive. Fuel K1 1/2 had a lower percentage of carbon, good lubricity and oxygen content.
  • the fuel composition is a B20 blend which does not show an increase in NO x emissions and shows a substantial decrease in particulate emissions.
  • Fuel K2 1/2 contained 48.8% of the D2 baseline fuel, 31 % of the synthetic blend, 20% yellow grease biodiesel, and 0.2% of the fuel additive. Fuel K2 1/2 had a lower percentage of carbon, good lubricity and oxygen content. The fuel composition is a B20 blend which does not show an increase in NO x emissions and shows a substantial decrease in particulate emissions. Fuel K3 1/2
  • Fuel K3 1/2 contained 33.2% of the D2 baseline fuel, 33.2% of
  • the synthetic blend 33.1 % soy biodiesel, and 0.5% of the fuel additive.
  • Fuel K3 1/2 had a lower percentage of carbon, good lubricity and oxygen content.
  • the fuel composition is a B20 blend which does not show an increase in NO x emissions and shows a substantial decrease in particulate emissions of over 30%.
  • Fuel O contained 50.1 %% of the D2 baseline fuel, 49.4% of the synthetic blend, and 0.5% of the fuel additive. Fuel O had a lower percentage of carbon when compared to the base fuels, and showed good lubricity. Even with an aromatic content within one percent of the CARB equivalent fuel and with almost 200 times more sulfur there was a 14% reduction in particulate emissions. The distillation parameters of Fuel O suggests a less dense fuel than the base fuels. Nevertheless, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption was improved by 6%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition de carburant comprenant: (a) un carburant hydrocarbure choisi parmi le groupe comprenant le diesel et l'essence; et (b) un mélange synthétique. Selon l'invention, la composition de carburant comprend également une composition de carburant d'addition comprenant: (1) une composition d'alcool éthoxylé de structure (I): dans laquelle R1 est un hydrocarbure en C¿6?, C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, C12, C13, C14,C15, ou C16, R?2¿ est H ou CH¿3?, et x vaut 1-7; (2) une composition d'ester de polyéthylène glycol de structure (II): dans laquelle R?3¿ est un hydrocarbure en C¿11?, C?12, C¿13, C14, C15, C16, C17, C18, ou C19, R4 est H ou CH¿3?, y vaut 1-20, R?5¿ est H ou COR3; et (3) une composition d'amide d'alcanol de structure générale (III): dans laquelle R6 est un hydrocarbure en C¿12?, C13, C14, C15, C16, C17, ou C18, R?7¿ est H ou CH¿2?CH20H.
EP02778739A 2001-11-05 2002-11-05 Composition de carburant contenant une fraction lourde Withdrawn EP1525290A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US33894601P 2001-11-05 2001-11-05
US338946P 2001-11-05
PCT/US2002/035507 WO2003040271A1 (fr) 2001-11-05 2002-11-05 Composition de carburant contenant une fraction lourde

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1525290A1 true EP1525290A1 (fr) 2005-04-27

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Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1525290A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003040271A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9927563D0 (en) 1999-11-23 2000-01-19 Williamson Ian A process and method for blending a fuel containing a high molecular weight compound
WO2007036678A1 (fr) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 International Fuel Technology, Inc. Compositions de carburant renfermant un additif pour carburant

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4048250A (en) * 1975-04-08 1977-09-13 Mobil Oil Corporation Conversion of natural gas to gasoline and LPG
ATE302257T1 (de) * 1997-10-28 2005-09-15 Univ Kansas Ct For Res Inc Treibstoffmischung für kompressionszündmaschine mit leichten synthetischen roh- und mischbestandteilen
ES2219103T3 (es) * 1999-04-06 2004-11-16 Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd Procedimiento para la produccion de carburante sintetico de nafta.
WO2001038464A1 (fr) * 1999-11-23 2001-05-31 Tomah Products, Inc. Additif pour carburant, composition de carburant comportant des additifs et procede de fabrication correspondant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO03040271A1 *

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