EP1521912A1 - Buse d'injection de carburant d'un moteur a combustion interne a buse d'injection directe - Google Patents

Buse d'injection de carburant d'un moteur a combustion interne a buse d'injection directe

Info

Publication number
EP1521912A1
EP1521912A1 EP03763680A EP03763680A EP1521912A1 EP 1521912 A1 EP1521912 A1 EP 1521912A1 EP 03763680 A EP03763680 A EP 03763680A EP 03763680 A EP03763680 A EP 03763680A EP 1521912 A1 EP1521912 A1 EP 1521912A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
closure body
fuel
sealing surface
turbulence
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03763680A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1521912B1 (fr
Inventor
Arnold Kaden
Christian Krüger
Oliver Steil
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1521912A1 publication Critical patent/EP1521912A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1521912B1 publication Critical patent/EP1521912B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an outwardly opening fuel injection nozzle for a direct injection internal combustion engine, in particular a spark ignition internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • DE 100 12 91 A1 discloses a method for forming an ignitable fuel-air mixture, in which the fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine in at least two partial quantities, the closure body of an injection nozzle being able to be brought into its closed position after the partial quantity has been injected.
  • the fuel jet is thereby accelerated until it exits tends because the nozzle opening tapers towards the outlet with a curved or parabolic outlet cross-section.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of undertaking simple measures on the fuel injection nozzle of a direct-injection internal combustion engine, by means of which an improvement in combustion can be achieved despite manufacturing tolerances.
  • the fuel injection nozzle according to the invention is characterized by an outwardly opening closure body, a nozzle housing with a nozzle seat and a nozzle needle, in the fuel injection nozzle the closure body which can be moved by means of the nozzle needle rests against a sealing surface of the nozzle seat during a closed position and is moved outwards during an operating position so that a hollow cone is introduced into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine "of the fuel through a gap formed between the nozzle seat and the closing body in shape, being provided at the nozzle seat and / or on the closure body in the region of the sealing surface, at least one turbulence cavity.
  • the turbulence cavity ensures improved atomization of the injected fuel droplets during the injection of the fuel in order to ensure favorable conditions to achieve for the subsequent mixture formation. This occurs because the fuel enters the combustion chamber through the cross section released by the closure body during the injection process in such a way that the injected fuel jet is broken up into small fuel drops as a result of increased flow turbulence.
  • the turbulence cavities or pockets or recesses in the surface of the closure body and / or in the surface of the nozzle seat, the turbulence of the fuel flow in the injection nozzle is increased shortly before the fuel escapes into the combustion chamber, which increases the breakup of fuel lamellae so that smaller drops are achieved.
  • an ignitable fuel / air mixture must be present in the area of the spark plug within a very short time.
  • the fuel injection nozzles are subject to a certain scatter band, which leads to different appearances of the injection jet.
  • the increase in turbulence achieved shortly before the jet emerges compensates for any jet pattern fluctuations that occur or are caused by manufacturing tolerances, in particular in the area of the recirculation areas, and thus achieve an approximation to the required ideal jet image.
  • the increased turbulence results in an increased breakup of the fuel lamella and thus smaller droplets, with the smaller droplets being able to use increased evaporation and a reduction in the penetration of the fuel droplets, so that fuel piston wetting during late fuel injection in the compression stroke is reduced .
  • at least one turbulence cavity is arranged in or immediately in front of the sealing surface of the nozzle seat and one turbulence cavity is also arranged in or immediately in front of the sealing surface of the closure body, so that two turbulence cavities during an operating position of the fuel injector relative to the jet axis are arranged opposite each other.
  • At least one turbulence cavity is provided in or immediately in front of the sealing surface of the nozzle seat and in or immediately in front of the sealing surface of the closure body in such a way that two turbulence cavities are offset relative to one another during an operating position relative to the jet axis. This also increases the atomization properties of the fuel in the combustion chamber, which can further improve the properties of engine combustion.
  • two turbulence cavities are arranged in or immediately in front of the sealing surface of the closure body between the nozzle seat and the closure body in the gap region.
  • At least two turbulence cavities are formed in or immediately in front of the sealing surface of the nozzle seat and at least two turbulence cavities in or immediately in front of the sealing surface of the closure body in a stroke direction along the sealing surface on the nozzle seat and on the closure body of the fuel injection nozzle such that two turbulence cavities are arranged opposite each other during an operating position of the fuel injector.
  • the atomization properties of the injected fuel drops are further strengthened, as a result of the targeted turbulence generation in the entire area of the injected fuel jet covering a turbulence difference that occurs due to manufacturing tolerances and thus an approximation to the necessary jet pattern is sufficient.
  • the turbulence cavities arranged on the seat and on the closure body can be formed such that the two cavities are offset relative to one another during an operating position relative to the jet axis.
  • the turbulence cavity arranged in or immediately in front of the sealing surface of the nozzle seat and / or in or immediately in front of the sealing surface of the closure body is designed in the form of an inwardly formed groove along a circumferential surface.
  • the injected hollow fuel cone is charged with increased turbulence in all areas, so that the opening of the fuel lamella is increased and thus smaller drops are injected into the combustion chamber.
  • the measures mentioned above are preferably carried out with injection nozzles which are used in internal combustion engines with spark ignition, in which the fuel is injected as a hollow cone and in particular a jet-guided combustion process is present.
  • the fuel is injected in such a way that a toroidal vortex is formed at the end of the hollow fuel cone, a spark plug being arranged in the combustion chamber of such an internal combustion engine such that the electrodes of the spark plug lie outside the injected hollow fuel cone and protrude into the toroidal vortex formed ,
  • the arrangement of the turbulence cavities in or immediately in front of the sealing surface of the nozzle seat increases the turbulence precisely in the outer region of the injected hollow fuel ice, as a result of which the formation of the toroidal edge vortex takes place more distinctly.
  • a necessary symmetry of the toroidal swirl obtained is maintained by the fuel injection nozzle according to the invention and the tilted swirl is prevented. This means that misfires are avoided.
  • 1 is a sectional view of an outwardly opening fuel injector
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a formed gap between the nozzle seat and the closure body of the fuel injection nozzle with four turbulence cavities
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a sealing surface in the region of a gap formed between the nozzle seat and the closure body of the fuel injection nozzle from FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 3a is an enlarged sectional view of the turbulence cavities shown in Fig. 3,
  • FIG. 4a is an enlarged sectional view of the turbulence cavities shown in Fig. 4,
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a sealing surface in the formed gap area between the nozzle seat and the closure body with two turbulence cavities in the sealing surface of the closure body
  • FIG. 5a is an enlarged sectional view of the turbulence cavities shown in Fig. 5,
  • FIG. 6 shows an enlarged sectional illustration of a sealing surface in the formed gap area between the nozzle seat and the closure body with two turbulence cavities in the sealing surface of the closure body
  • FIG. 6a is an enlarged sectional view of the turbulence cavities shown in Fig. 6,
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the sealing surface in the formed gap area between the nozzle seat and the closure body with two turbulence cavities formed in the sealing surface of the nozzle seat
  • Fig. 7a is an enlarged sectional view of the turbulence cavities shown in Fig. 7.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection nozzle 1 with a nozzle needle 2 and a closure body 5, wherein a housing 3 of the fuel injection nozzle 1 has a nozzle seat 4 in the area on the combustion chamber side, which in a closed position of the closure body 5 closes the fuel injection nozzle when it is placed on a sealing surface.
  • the closure body 5 is connected at its upper end by the nozzle needle 2 to an actuating device, not shown.
  • a piezo actuator is preferably used here, which expands under electrical voltage and can cause an operating stroke of the closure body 5 in accordance with the applied voltage.
  • the tightness of the fuel injector is mechanically ensured by a return spring, not shown.
  • the closure body is brought into an operating position by means of the nozzle needle 2, as a result of which a gap 6 is established between the closure body 5 and the nozzle seat 4.
  • the closure body 5 is brought into an operating position (open position) by means of a stroke direction 9, so that the fuel can flow into a combustion chamber 8 through the gap 6.
  • the turbulence cavities 7 shown in FIG. 2 are designed both in the sealing surface of the closure body 5 and in the sealing surface of the nozzle seat 4 in such a way that the fuel jet 10 emerging through the gap 6 flows into the combustion chamber 8 with an increase in turbulence, which causes the decay of the fuel reinforced.
  • the fuel jet 10 emerging from the fuel injection nozzle through the formed gap 6 is injected into the combustion chamber 8 with increased turbulence, as shown in FIG. 3, so that small droplets are formed when it enters the combustion chamber 8, whereby an optimal combustion of the injected fuel is achieved .
  • the inventive ß fuel injection nozzle is preferably used in internal combustion engines with spark ignition, in which a so-called. jet-guided combustion process is present. Accordingly, the fuel is injected in a stratified charge mode, preferably in the compression stroke, in such a way that a toroidal vortex is formed in the combustion chamber 8 with the injected hollow fuel cone.
  • a spark plug provided for the ignition is arranged in the combustion chamber 8 in such a way that the electrodes of the spark plug protrude into the toroidal vortex obtained, during the fuel injection they lie outside the lateral surface of the hollow fuel cone.
  • the increase in turbulence achieved in the injected hollow fuel cone ensures uniform fuel distribution and prevents the toroidal swirl from tilting.
  • the cavities formed in the gap area between the nozzle seat 4 and the closure body 5 are arranged offset, so that increased turbulence in the injected fuel jet 10 is achieved at different points.
  • FIGS. 5 and 5a show further exemplary embodiments according to the invention, in which two turbulence cavities 7 are provided in the sealing surface of the closure body, with which increased turbulence of the injected fuel jet is achieved, the turbulence cavities 7 provided being arranged in one area according to FIG. 6 which is further away from the combustion chamber than the area according to FIGS. 5 and 5a. in
  • the turbulence cavities are attached in the sealing surface of the nozzle seat, so that an increase in turbulence is achieved in the outer hollow cone of the fuel cone, so that the toroidal vortex necessary for the jet-guided combustion process is reinforced.
  • the aim is to achieve a symmetrical swirl and a uniform ' fuel distribution in the outer area, so that an undesired tilting of the swirl formed is prevented. Furthermore, the formation of strands at the end of the hollow fuel cone is to be avoided.
  • the examples shown enable optimum combustion by means of the proposed fuel injection nozzle and a pronounced toroidal vortex formation is achieved in a jet-guided combustion process, which is achieved by the increased disintegration of the fuel particles in the edge region of the vortex.
  • Another advantage is the compensation of manufacturing inaccuracies in the manufacture of fuel injection nozzles, which generally negatively influence the mixture formation in the direct-injection internal combustion engines, in particular with spark ignition.
  • the fuel injection nozzle is preferably designed in such a way that the hollow fuel cone emerging from the injection nozzle is designed with a jet angle between 70 ° and 100 °.
  • the cavities according to the invention in the nozzle seat or on the closure body are flexible in their shape, ie it is conceivable that these turbulence cavities can assume all conceivable geometrical shapes, the distance between the individual turbulence cavities being flexible. All turbulence cavities are preferably at least a distance of 60 ⁇ m from the combustion chamber, so that there is sufficient sealing surface for sealing the fuel injection nozzle. In particular, the turbulence cavities both have a depth of 30 ⁇ m in the nozzle seat area as well as in the closure body area.
  • turbulence cavities when attaching a plurality of turbulence cavities, attach them in such a way that they are spaced apart from one another by about 60 ⁇ m. It is also conceivable for the turbulence cavities to be provided in an area within the fuel injection nozzle which adjoins the area of the sealing surface, so that a certain increase in the turbulence of the fuel is achieved before the fuel flows into the gap 6 between the nozzle seat and the closure body. It is also conceivable that a plurality of turbulence cavities with different geometric recesses are provided on each side of the nozzle seat and on the side of the closure body.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une buse d'injection de carburant, qui comprend un corps de fermeture s'ouvrant vers l'extérieur, un carter de buse pourvu d'un siège de buse, ainsi qu'une aiguille de buse. Selon l'invention, le corps de fermeture déplaçable au moyen de l'aiguille de buse s'appuie contre une surface d'étanchéité du siège de buse dans une position de fermeture alors que, dans une position de fonctionnement, il est déplacé vers l'extérieur de sorte que le carburant est introduit sous forme d'un cône creux dans une chambre de combustion du moteur à combustion interne par une fente formée entre le siège de buse et le corps de fermeture. Au moins une cavité de turbulence se situe au niveau du siège de buse ou du corps de fermeture, dans la zone de la surface d'étanchéité.
EP03763680A 2002-07-11 2003-07-01 Buse d'injection de carburant d'un moteur a combustion interne a buse d'injection directe Expired - Fee Related EP1521912B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10231583A DE10231583A1 (de) 2002-07-11 2002-07-11 Kraftstoffeinspritzdüse einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Direkteinspritzdüse
DE10231583 2002-07-11
PCT/EP2003/006985 WO2004007949A1 (fr) 2002-07-11 2003-07-01 Buse d'injection de carburant d'un moteur a combustion interne a buse d'injection directe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1521912A1 true EP1521912A1 (fr) 2005-04-13
EP1521912B1 EP1521912B1 (fr) 2005-11-30

Family

ID=29796320

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03763680A Expired - Fee Related EP1521912B1 (fr) 2002-07-11 2003-07-01 Buse d'injection de carburant d'un moteur a combustion interne a buse d'injection directe

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US7185832B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1521912B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10231583A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004007949A1 (fr)

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CN100422545C (zh) * 2004-12-15 2008-10-01 浙江飞亚电子有限公司 一种喷油嘴
US7520269B2 (en) * 2005-06-28 2009-04-21 Advanced Global Equities And Intellectual Properties Fuel injector nozzle assembly
DE102006057425A1 (de) * 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Regeneration, zur Temperaturbeaufschlagung und/oder zum Thermomanagement, zugehöriges Einspritzventil und Verfahren
JP2009236048A (ja) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-15 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の燃料噴射弁
US20120223164A1 (en) * 2009-09-14 2012-09-06 Junmei Shi Nozzle assembly for an injection valve and injection valve
US9062642B2 (en) 2010-03-23 2015-06-23 Cummins Inc. Fuel injector with variable spray
KR20120061640A (ko) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-13 현대자동차주식회사 노킹 방지 장치 및 이를 제어하는 방법
US20140060481A1 (en) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-06 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Method and apparatus of producing laminar flow through a fuel injection nozzle
DE102012216141A1 (de) * 2012-09-12 2014-05-15 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Direkteinspritzende Brennkraftmaschine mit nach außen öffnender Einspritzdüse und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine
US20140175192A1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Quantlogic Corporation Mixed-mode fuel injector with a variable orifice
US9920674B2 (en) 2014-01-09 2018-03-20 Cummins Inc. Variable spray angle injector arrangement
DE102014218056A1 (de) * 2014-09-10 2016-03-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
US9845780B2 (en) * 2015-11-04 2017-12-19 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Annulus nozzle injector with tangential fins
US9840994B2 (en) * 2015-11-04 2017-12-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Annulus nozzle injector with tangential fins
DE102016221071B4 (de) 2016-10-26 2022-05-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Injektor für eine mit einem gasförmigen Kraftstoff betriebene Brennkraftmaschine

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50301820D1 (de) 2006-01-05
US7185832B2 (en) 2007-03-06
US20050150978A1 (en) 2005-07-14
EP1521912B1 (fr) 2005-11-30
WO2004007949A1 (fr) 2004-01-22
DE10231583A1 (de) 2004-01-29

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