EP1521887A1 - Element de construction - Google Patents
Element de constructionInfo
- Publication number
- EP1521887A1 EP1521887A1 EP03737757A EP03737757A EP1521887A1 EP 1521887 A1 EP1521887 A1 EP 1521887A1 EP 03737757 A EP03737757 A EP 03737757A EP 03737757 A EP03737757 A EP 03737757A EP 1521887 A1 EP1521887 A1 EP 1521887A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- construction
- groove
- elements
- construction element
- building
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000826860 Trapezium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000001217 buttock Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
- E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
- E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
- E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
- E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
- E04B2/20—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/162—Handles to carry construction blocks
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0228—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues next to each other on one end surface and grooves next to each other on opposite end surface
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a construction element for the construction of a wall, and to a wall constructed with such elements, which element comprises an upper side, a lower side and lateral sides, said construction element comprising at least a groove provided for dosing by leveling a binder necessary for assembling the building elements together, said groove extends on the upper side of the building element, said building element also comprising at least one protuberance which s extends on the lower side of the building element, the groove being arranged so as to be in correspondence with the protuberance of the similar building element to allow the assembly of the building elements.
- the processes of construction of individual houses use a technique known as "technique of the hollow wall".
- This type of wall is composed of two walls separated by a space of a few centimeters. The two walls are linked together by hooks.
- the part of the hollow wall which is located towards the outside of the building is generally made of bricks (small elements), and it is often called "facing wall”.
- the part of the hollow wall which is located towards the interior of the building is generally made of blocks (large elements), and it is often called "load-bearing wall”.
- Document GB 204.263 A describes a dry masonry system by stacking which requires that the building elements do not have no dimensional tolerances. In addition, no adjustment of the elements is possible.
- the elements described in this document have conventional proportions (height / length ⁇ 1) and include ribs and grooves which are used only for their positioning and their blocking. In addition, the elements are in direct contact with each other.
- a disadvantage of these elements is that they require numerous special parts for the wall connections which are carried out in a conventional manner by crossing the masonry elements constituting them.
- Document FR-A-1 271 506 describes building blocks of conventional dimensions which have grooves whose cumulative width is close to the width of the block.
- the cumulative width of the grooves is significantly greater than the cumulative width of the load-bearing partitions. There are no grooves above the walls, which therefore are non-load-bearing.
- a disadvantage of the blocks described is that for the assembly of such blocks the quantity of binder used is conventional.
- Another disadvantage is that the shape of the ribs in the grooves on the lower part of the block being designed to sink easily into the binder ( P & P 'in Fig. 1), there results an almost zero buoyancy of the block and therefore practically no possible adjustment of the height or the plumb of the blocks.
- the blocks usable in the system described in FR-A-1 271 506 must have very small dimensional tolerances or be rectified in order to ensure the horizontal alignment of the elements in the wall.
- the document FR-A-2 588 900 describes building blocks and their assembly in which there is no automatic metering of the binder, and the blocks of conventional dimensions used are imperatively without dimensional tolerances.
- the housing described on the blocks is only used for the reinforcement and for the binder intended for its coating.
- the system described in FR-A-2 588 900 like the previous ones, requires numerous special parts for the wall connections which are moreover carried out in a conventional manner.
- the document EP 0 651 104 B1 describes blocks of conventional proportions comprising ribs which bear on the bottom of the grooves (cf. Fig. 4 & Fig. 2), thus preventing any adjustment.
- the invention provides a building element for the construction of a wall, characterized in that it comprises at least one groove which is associated with a bearing wall or partition of the building element and which is arranged at a distance from the lateral external edge of the construction element which is sufficient to prevent the binder from overflowing beyond the edge of the element during assembly, the groove and the protuberance being dimensioned so as to allow assembly a partial nesting allowing a adjustment of alignment, height and plumb of the elements to be assembled.
- the design of the building element according to the present invention saves considerable time in the production of walls and moreover, the finish of these walls is excellent. Indeed, the assembly of the elements is facilitated, because they easily and partially overlap one another thanks to the presence of the groove (mortise) on the upper surface of the elements and the protuberance (tenon) on the bottom surface of the elements.
- the dimensions of the groove and the protrusion being such that they allow adjustment of the elements which will facilitate the correct construction of the wall.
- the amount of binder to be used is greatly reduced compared to a traditional construction system, since the binder does not overflow and the masonry is made with a thin joint.
- the present invention applies to the hollow wall technique as well as simple interior or exterior walls, load-bearing or non-load-bearing.
- a first preferred embodiment of a construction element according to the invention is characterized in that the height of the construction element is dimensioned in such a way that an assembly in height of construction elements forms a height standard under interior lintels and under masonry belt under ceilings, and in that the weight of the building element is less than or equal to 25 kg, and the height of the element is greater than or equal to its length. It is recognized that the larger the masonry element, provided that it remains relatively light and easy to handle, the greater the speed of execution of the wall.
- the number of horizontal joints is inversely proportional to the height of the building element. It is also recognized that the number of vertical joints is inversely proportional to the length of the building element.
- the horizontal joints between masonry elements will vary in thickness and this according to the dimensional tolerances of these elements.
- the construction element of the invention is designed so as to present the best compromise between its height, its length and its weight in order to present the best characteristics favoring the speed of assembly.
- the elements of the invention are assembled by gluing using a binder and with thin joints. It is known that to achieve this type of assembly, it is necessary to use elements having very low dimensional tolerances.
- the present invention thanks to the buoyancy of the element on the binder obtained by the collaboration of the weight of the element, the dimensions and shapes of the grooves and protuberances, and the fluidity of the binder, allows adjustment of the alignment, height and plumb, and therefore the use of construction elements whose manufacturing tolerances are relatively large.
- connection between the walls is done by simple bonding, using a binder, from one wall against the other and no longer requires crossings of the masonry elements.
- a hammer handle used during the assembly of construction elements of the present invention allows the gripping, transport, positioning and adjustment of the construction element. In addition, when the latter is suspended from this tool, it is automatically in an ideal vertical position to be placed on the binder.
- Fig. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a building element according to the present invention.
- Fig. 2 illustrates a perspective view of another embodiment of the building element according to the present invention.
- Fig. 3. illustrates a perspective view of a third embodiment of the construction element according to the present invention.
- Fig. 4 illustrates a front view of a building element used for the buttocks.
- Fig. 5a illustrates a front view of the upper part of a building element of the present invention.
- Fig. 5b illustrates the assembly of two elements according to the present invention.
- Fig. 5c illustrates two elements of the present invention after their assembly.
- Fig. 6a illustrates a tool according to the present invention.
- Fig. 6b illustrates a use of the tool of FIG. 6a.
- Fig. 7 illustrates a solid building element according to the invention with a housing (12) for a hook.
- Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate a fraction of a wall constructed using construction elements according to the invention.
- the building element 1 shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 is hollow, that is to say it is preferably pierced horizontally right through, its two lateral sides thus presenting an opening.
- the construction element also comprises one or more vertical and / or horizontal internal partitions.
- a groove 5 is disposed on the upper side 2 above the wall 24 or load-bearing partition 25 of the construction element 1 and the width of the groove is preferably less than the thickness of the wall 24 or load-bearing partition 25
- the groove is arranged sufficiently distant from the longitudinal upper edge 8 of the construction element so as to prevent the binder from overflowing beyond the external edge of the elements when assembling the construction elements. For example, for an element having a thickness of 14 cm, the groove is located at a distance of 1.4 cm from the edge. This makes it possible to fully exploit the quantity of binder necessary for assembly while carrying out clean and careful work.
- the element in a particular construction method, can be made with grooves and protrusions that can be offset or partially offset from the walls or partitions of the element and therefore extend partially or completely above the opening 7.
- the construction element according to the invention also comprises a protuberance 6 intended to engage in the groove 5 when two construction elements are arranged the one over the other.
- the protuberance is present on the lower side 3 of the building element.
- the groove and the protuberance are dimensioned so as to allow, during assembly, a partial nesting allowing adjustment of the alignment, the height and the plumb of the elements to be assembled.
- the width of the protuberance is slightly less than the width of the groove.
- the protrusion 6 and the groove 5 have a section of substantially trapezoidal shape as illustrated in FIG. 1.
- Their lateral flanks extend substantially parallel between them and the small base of the trapezium of the protuberance is arranged facing the small base of the trapezoid of the groove when they fit together (Fig. 5).
- Said lateral flanks being arranged so as to leave a first space between them arranged for the release of the binder 17 when one element is placed on another.
- the small bases being arranged so as to leave a second space between them intended to be filled with the binder 17.
- the depth of the groove 5 and the height of the protrusion 6 of the construction element are substantially equal and proportional to the dimensional tolerance to be caught up.
- the ratio of the weight of the construction element to the surface of the small base of the trapezium of the protuberance is inversely proportional to the fluidity of the binder 17.
- the groove overlaps several walls and / or partitions of the building element.
- this groove is associated with several bearing walls or partitions distributed over the thickness of the block.
- the assembly of building elements according to the present invention is carried out using a binder which is first deposited on a pallet.
- the mason presses the pallet flat on the element on which he wants to deposit the binder, then he slides the binder using a spatula into the groove and level the binder using this same spatula, such that the binder practically does not project above the upper side 2 of the building element.
- the groove of a first element is filled with binder and a second element is placed above it. 5a, 5b, 5c, the protuberance of the second element partially penetrates into the groove of the first element.
- the insertion of the protuberance into the groove causes an overflow, via the first space between the lateral flanks of the trapezoids, of a part of the binder outside the groove, thus forming an adhesive strip between the upper side 2 of the first element and the lower side 3 of the second element.
- the width of this adhesive strip for a defined pitch (element height + joint) of horizontal masonry lines, will vary depending on the height specific to the construction elements but will always remain sufficient to ensure the adhesion of the elements to each other .
- the stability of the wall without ever having a binder overflow outside the building element, is also ensured and due to the cooperation between the grooves, protuberances and binder.
- the groove is offset relative to the rim that there is no overflow of the binder.
- the groove is thus used not only for guiding the protuberances but also for dosing the binder.
- the width of said adhesive strip will preferably be close to 90% of the thickness of the bearing wall or partition of the building element. This minimizes the punching effect of the second element on the first and vice versa as explained below.
- the dimensioning of the assembly formed by the protuberance and the groove can be determined on the basis of the aforementioned properties of the groove and the protuberance.
- the width of the adhesive strips is mainly determined as a function of the cohesion of the binder and / or of the punching effect. If the cohesion of the binder is greater than that of the material, it is mainly the punching effect which will dictate the width of the adhesive strip which will preferably be equal to 90% of the thickness of the wall or partition.
- the high buoyancy of the construction element on the binder contributes to the adjustment of the alignment, the height and the plumb and therefore the possible use of construction elements having relatively large manufacturing tolerances.
- Significant buoyancy results from the collaboration of the fluidity of the binder used in the invention, the weight of the element, the width of the small base of the protuberance and the width of the large base of the groove which are present on the building element according to the invention.
- an advantage of the building element of the present invention is that it is hollow and that it has at least one opening 7 on a lateral side 4a, so that the open lateral side can be attached to a lateral side of another similar building element.
- the element being hollow, its weight is reduced, which makes it easier to handle and allows to lift it by means of an instrument which is preferably constituted by a handle 13 which also serves as a hammer 16 in order to be able to adjust the alignment and height of the element as well as its balance.
- the handle 13 is illustrated in FIG. 6a and its use for gripping the element in FIG. 6b. This tool is profiled so that the bar located under the handle can be slid into the recessed part 7 of the construction element as shown for example in FIG. 6b.
- Fig. 7 illustrates an embodiment of a solid building element according to the present invention. This preferably includes a housing 12 intended to receive a connecting hook which makes it possible to connect the facing wall constructed with these construction elements to the load-bearing wall.
- the building element of the present invention can be made from different compositions depending on the use made of it.
- the construction element in the case of the construction of a wall to be coated, can be composed of concrete allowing relatively light elements to be obtained. This makes it possible to offer elements with dimensions such that their number per unit area is reduced compared to conventional blocks.
- the weight of the building element is less than or equal to 25 kg and its height is greater than or equal to its length.
- the present invention also applies to elements of conventional weight and proportions, namely that their weight is less than or equal to 25 kg, and the height can be less than or equal to the length.
- the height of the building element is preferably a module of the standards of the heights under interior lintels and under belt of the walls under ceilings, this avoids any cutting of element and thus allows a considerable time saving during the realization of masonry.
- the groove 5 of the building element is provided with a recess 20 to receive a simple or overlapped metal frame to allow the connection between two frames while minimizing the amount of binder necessary for coating them.
- the building element according to the present invention can thus also be used for reinforced constructions.
- the construction element of the present invention also includes an alignment mark 9 used during assembly with counter joints of said construction element with other similar construction elements. In this way, it is very easy to lay the building element to obtain an alternate alignment of the vertical joints of the building elements when a wall is made with a laying of these so-called "with opposed joints".
- the construction element of the invention may also include at least one horizontal false seal 10 and / or vertical 11 (Fig. 7) in the form of a half dovetail.
- This configuration of false joints makes it possible to create a tightening of the joint at its ends which thus retains the binder used for jointing.
- the building element of the present invention is made of concrete, the preferred composition of which is as follows for 1 m 3 : Cement: 175 kg Expanded clay crushed 4/8: 600 I
- This type of concrete has the following characteristics: its dry density is 870 kg / m 3 and its compressive strength on 5 cm cubes is> 4 N / mm. It is understood that other compositions can be used to manufacture the building element. The aim is to obtain a building element which is easy to handle and which has sufficient mechanical strength to be able to be used in the construction of a detached house or for other masonry works. It is possible, for example, to add expanded polystyrene beads to the concrete to lighten it or to add gravel to reinforce it. It is also intended to use building elements according to the present invention which can be manufactured with other materials such as terracotta, aerated concrete, etc.
- the binder used in a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a binder which hardens very quickly once implemented. This, when the elements are assembled, penetrates for about 30% of its volume into the material of the construction elements. The rapid hardening of this binder is caused by a chemical reaction linked to a first transfer of water from the binder to the elements. This results in a stability of the wall and an adhesion between the elements which are very important after a few minutes, which makes it possible to produce very high walls without ever having to wait for the binder to have set and therefore without stopping.
- the preferred binder used for assembling the construction elements of the invention has the following properties:
- - a compressive strength which is higher than that of the building element itself, preferably 15 N / mm 2 ; - an adhesion force of at least 2 N / mm 2 , preferably 2.3 N / mm 2 ;
- the mason prepares in a tub the binder which he mixes carefully with water and then he can apply it on a whole row of building elements aligned along a device guide then place a row of building elements on top and so on.
- the binder being thixotropic, it will suffice to remix it for a few moments in the tub to thin it again if necessary.
- the amount of binder required is approximately 20 times less than the amount of mortar usually used in traditional construction methods.
- Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate a fraction of a wall constructed using building elements according to the invention.
- the fraction of the wall can be constructed either by assembling several construction elements beforehand so as to form a single construction element or in a single operation during the manufacture of the construction elements.
- the cross wall is linked by interlocking in the main wall.
- the masonry is nested. This is no longer necessary due to the performance of the binder used in the present invention which collaborates with the characteristics of the building element of the present invention. Indeed, this allows to stick the walls against each other without nesting.
- the elements are provided with protrusions and grooves it is no longer essential to have special construction elements to achieve these masonry.
- the building element shown in FIG. 4 is essentially used for the buttocks because it has a solid side wall, which makes it possible to finish the header of a wall with a closed face.
Landscapes
- Architecture (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
WOPCT/BE02/00121 | 2002-07-10 | ||
BE0200121 | 2002-07-10 | ||
PCT/BE2003/000122 WO2004007860A1 (fr) | 2002-07-10 | 2003-07-10 | Element de construction |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1521887A1 true EP1521887A1 (fr) | 2005-04-13 |
EP1521887B1 EP1521887B1 (fr) | 2010-07-28 |
Family
ID=30005464
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03737757A Expired - Lifetime EP1521887B1 (fr) | 2002-07-10 | 2003-07-10 | Element de construction |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060117699A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1521887B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1328446C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE475755T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2003245129B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2492067A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60333563D1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004007860A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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USRE47770E1 (en) | 2002-07-18 | 2019-12-17 | Merus N.V. | Recombinant production of mixtures of antibodies |
PT2314629E (pt) | 2002-07-18 | 2014-01-22 | Merus B V | Produção recombinante de misturas de anticorpos |
US20100069614A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 | 2010-03-18 | Merus B.V. | Antibody producing non-human mammals |
ES2408582T3 (es) | 2003-05-30 | 2013-06-21 | Merus B.V. | Biblioteca de Fab para la preparación de una mezcla de anticuerpos |
SI1984581T1 (sl) * | 2006-01-11 | 2010-04-30 | Festoo Constructs | Gradbeni zidaki z medsebojno ujemajožśimi povezovalnimi sredstvi za zidavo stene in pripadajožśa metoda |
US20080120931A1 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2008-05-29 | Mark Joslyn | Masonry block arrangements; wall units; and, methods |
EP1905913A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-22 | 2008-04-02 | Agostino Di Trapani | Elément de construction avec nervures |
ES2321366B1 (es) * | 2007-01-24 | 2010-03-15 | Ceramica Acustica, S.L. | Placa o ladrillo de gran formato para exteriores de union por encolado. |
DK177565B1 (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2013-10-21 | Vkr Holding As | Vapour barrier collar, method for producing a vapour barrier collar and method for mounting a vapour barrier collar |
CN102605877A (zh) * | 2012-03-16 | 2012-07-25 | 沈阳金铠建筑科技股份有限公司 | 现浇榫卯砌块外护围保温墙体及施工方法 |
NZ772318A (en) | 2012-04-20 | 2023-06-30 | Merus Nv | Methods and means for the production of ig-like molecules |
CN106337525A (zh) * | 2016-04-14 | 2017-01-18 | 杨建汉 | 设置釉面层的空芯砖 |
DE202018006667U1 (de) * | 2017-06-27 | 2022-01-18 | Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl | Wand- oder Deckenpaneel und Wand- oder Deckenanordnung |
BR202017022766Y1 (pt) * | 2017-10-23 | 2022-07-12 | Mateus Titton Tostes | Bloco encaixável para construção civil |
CN108286306A (zh) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-17 | 北京天基新材料股份有限公司 | 一种卯榫式膨石砌块及其组合墙 |
CA3105241A1 (fr) * | 2020-01-09 | 2021-07-09 | Christopher R. Genest | Systeme de bloc de maconnerie |
FR3120883A1 (fr) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-09-23 | Eloge Franck David Koubemba | Parpaing semi-emboitee realise manuellement |
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GB204263A (en) * | 1923-02-02 | 1923-09-27 | John Edward Abrams | Improvements in building blocks |
US1592476A (en) * | 1923-12-28 | 1926-07-13 | Torrecelli Decio | Concrete building block |
US1667160A (en) * | 1927-03-30 | 1928-04-24 | Edward H Kleinfeldt | Wall construction |
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US2652278A (en) * | 1948-09-22 | 1953-09-15 | David A Allen | Building block lift |
DE801297C (de) * | 1949-11-01 | 1951-01-04 | Josef Ignaz Bernauer | Steintrage- und Hilfsgeraet zum Setzen von Mauersteinen |
US2579826A (en) * | 1950-04-18 | 1951-12-25 | George O Ingram | Carrier device for construction blocks |
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FR73369E (fr) * | 1957-12-13 | 1960-06-27 | Procédé de construction et dispositifs de mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé | |
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FR1271506A (fr) * | 1960-05-13 | 1961-09-15 | Nouvelle brique | |
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IT1185470B (it) * | 1985-10-22 | 1987-11-12 | Francesco Giovannini | Metodo per costruire le pareti di manufatti edilizi e di edifici |
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2003
- 2003-07-10 AT AT03737757T patent/ATE475755T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-10 AU AU2003245129A patent/AU2003245129B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-07-10 DE DE60333563T patent/DE60333563D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-10 CA CA002492067A patent/CA2492067A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-10 CN CNB038198940A patent/CN1328446C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-10 EP EP03737757A patent/EP1521887B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-10 WO PCT/BE2003/000122 patent/WO2004007860A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-07-10 US US10/520,463 patent/US20060117699A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2004007860A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1328446C (zh) | 2007-07-25 |
ATE475755T1 (de) | 2010-08-15 |
CN1678802A (zh) | 2005-10-05 |
AU2003245129B2 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
AU2003245129A1 (en) | 2004-02-02 |
US20060117699A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
DE60333563D1 (de) | 2010-09-09 |
WO2004007860A1 (fr) | 2004-01-22 |
CA2492067A1 (fr) | 2004-01-22 |
EP1521887B1 (fr) | 2010-07-28 |
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