EP1520962A1 - Système de controle variable de soupape et procédé de controle variable de soupape de moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Système de controle variable de soupape et procédé de controle variable de soupape de moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1520962A1
EP1520962A1 EP03103656A EP03103656A EP1520962A1 EP 1520962 A1 EP1520962 A1 EP 1520962A1 EP 03103656 A EP03103656 A EP 03103656A EP 03103656 A EP03103656 A EP 03103656A EP 1520962 A1 EP1520962 A1 EP 1520962A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
variable
cam
controllable
rocker arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03103656A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Georg Figura
Torsten Kluge
Clemens Maria Verpoort
Maik Broda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ford Global Technologies LLC filed Critical Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority to EP03103656A priority Critical patent/EP1520962A1/fr
Publication of EP1520962A1 publication Critical patent/EP1520962A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/08—Valves guides; Sealing of valve stem, e.g. sealing by lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/24—Piezoelectric actuators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L1/0532—Camshafts overhead type the cams being directly in contact with the driven valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L2013/0089—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque with means for delaying valve closing
    • F01L2013/0094—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque with means for delaying valve closing with switchable clamp for keeping valve open

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a variably controllable valve system for a Internal combustion engine with a valve that is between a valve closing position and a valve open position is movable to an inlet or outlet opening of a Release combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine or to block, with Valve spring means to bias the valve towards the valve closing position, and a valve drive means for displacing the valve against the biasing force of Open valve spring means.
  • the invention relates to a method for the variable control of a Valve of an internal combustion engine with a valve between a Valve closed position and a valve open position is movable to an inlet or To release exhaust port of a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine or To lock, with valve springs, to the valve in the direction of valve closing position vorzuspannen, and a valve drive means to the valve against the To open the preload force of the valve spring means.
  • the problem is the fuel consumption and thus the efficiency in particular in gasoline engines.
  • the reason for this lies in the principle working method of the Otto engine.
  • the Otto engine works with a homogeneous fuel-air mixture, that - if there is no direct injection - by external mixture formation is prepared by introduced into the intake air in the intake tract fuel becomes.
  • the desired power is set by changing the Filling the combustion chamber, so that the working method of the gasoline engine - unlike diesel engine - a quantity regulation is based.
  • This load control is usually carried out by means provided in the intake Throttle.
  • the pressure of the sucked Air behind the throttle will be reduced more or less severely.
  • the further the Throttle is closed d. H. the more it blocks the intake tract the more higher is the pressure loss of the intake air across the throttle and the lower the pressure of the intake air behind the throttle and before the inlet to the combustion chamber.
  • the air mass i. the quantity be set. This also explains why this type of quantity regulation especially in the partial load range proves to be disadvantageous because low loads require one high throttling and pressure reduction in the intake tract.
  • a solution for the dethrottling of the Otto engine work process exists in the use of a variable valve train. Unlike conventional Valve trains where both the stroke of the valves and the timing, i. the opening and closing times of the intake and exhaust valves, due to the non-flexible, as not adjustable mechanism of the valve train as invariable Sizes are given, they can the combustion process and thus the Fuel consumption influencing parameters by means of variable valve trains more or less varied.
  • the ideal solution would be a fully variable one Valve control specific for any operating point of the gasoline engine matched values for the stroke and the timing allows.
  • valve train is for example the VALVETRONIC Valve Train from BMW, as described in the Motortechnische Science, Vintage 2001, No. 6, page 18 is described.
  • the closing timing of the intake valve and the intake valve lift can be varied.
  • a throttle-free and thus lossless load control is possible.
  • the mixture mass flowing into the combustion chamber during the intake process is not controlled as in conventional gasoline engines by means of a throttle valve arranged in the intake tract, but is dimensioned via the intake valve stroke and the opening duration of the intake valve.
  • a valve system of the generic type also describes the EP 312 216 A2.
  • the disclosed valve system is equipped with a valve drive device, the one Rocker arm shaft on which a first rocker arm is rotatably mounted, in Sliding contact with the intake cam is, and further, a second rocker arm is rotatably disposed which abuts the upper end of the intake valve.
  • the first Rocker arm and the second rocker arm are pivoted against each other and over a torsion spring coupled in such a way that regardless of an operation of the Valve drive means, the intake valve held in its closed position is and the applied valve opening force in the torsion spring can be cached.
  • an electromagnetic actuator is used to the intake valve also at Force applied by the second rocker arm in its closed position to hold.
  • This actuator comprises an electromagnet, the activation of which is an attraction on the Inlet valve arranged magnetic element and thus closing the Inlet valve causes.
  • the attraction of the Electromagnet and the spring force of the valve spring means are larger than the Restoring forces of the torsion spring.
  • variable valve train is not just in terms of already described Entdrosselung the internal combustion engine and an associated Consumption optimization of the internal combustion engine advantageous, but also in terms on the problem, resulting from a rigid tax time on the one hand and a variable speed on the other hand results, since always found a compromise must be that takes into account the entire speed range.
  • the timing to which the intake valve closes affects the filling of the Combustion chamber and thus the torque characteristics of the internal combustion engine.
  • it is advantageous to close the inlet valve early which
  • at high speeds, especially at the rated speed too unwanted Filling losses leads. Therefore, at high speeds, it is preferred To close the intake valve late, in this speed range, a good filling of the To ensure combustion chamber.
  • a late closing of the intake valve but performs partial ejection of the freshly aspirated cylinder charge to filling losses at low speeds.
  • a fixed control time is therefore always a compromise between the two colliding scenarios described above. Ideal is when the control time to which the intake valve closes is variably controllable, which can be realized by means of a variable valve train. At low speeds could then the intake valve early, be closed late at high speeds.
  • variable valve timing Another application for variable valve timing is the variation of so-called valve overlap d.
  • H the crank angle range in which the Exhaust valve is not closed when the intake valve is open. In the area This valve overlap may lead to flushing losses, with part of the sucked mixture through the combustion chamber flows without combustion participate. On the one hand, this leads to worse efficiencies, but on the other hand to a larger cylinder filling and thus to a higher performance. At low speeds becomes a smaller and at higher speeds a greater valve overlap sought.
  • a variable valve control allows a variation of the valve overlap as a function of the speed.
  • the object of the present invention is a variable to provide controllable valve system of the generic type, with which the Control times are influenced in the most advantageous manner and with the after overcome the known prior art disadvantages, and the In particular, a control of the closing operation allows.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for to provide variable control of a valve of an internal combustion engine.
  • the first partial task is solved by a variably controllable valve system for an internal combustion engine with a valve that is between a valve closing position and a valve open position is movable to an inlet or outlet opening of a Release combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine or to block, with Valve spring means to bias the valve towards the valve closing position, and a valve drive means for displacing the valve against the biasing force of Open valve spring means, and which is characterized in that a controllable Clamping device is provided with clamping element, with which the movement of the Valve at least partially independent or contrary to that of the Valve spring means on the forces exerted on the valve influenced and thus is controllable.
  • the valve is a lift valve.
  • valve system can influence directly on the Closing of the valve are taken.
  • the Clamping device By activating the Clamping device, it is possible, for example, the valve at maximum valve lift and this against the valve springs on the valve exerted forces that want to push the valve towards the valve closing position.
  • a cam and a plunger as valve drive means goes while losing the adhesion between cam and plunger.
  • the loss of Frictional connection between the cam and plunger in the inventive Valve system essential and an integral part of the variable Control, which is deliberately brought about by use of a clamping device.
  • valve inlet valve.
  • the Valve system according to the invention makes it possible, the closing movement of To delay intake valve by means of the clamping device and thus the Control closing process. Unintentional filling losses can be avoided by making the intake valve early at low speeds and late at high speeds is closed.
  • the used valve drive device is an early Closed the intake valve designed.
  • the shift of the closing time of the Inlet valve then takes place via the delay of the closing process by means of clamping device to late.
  • a load control done which is too contributes to a Entdrosselung the internal combustion engine.
  • Embodiments of the variably controllable valve system are also advantageous where the valve is an exhaust valve.
  • This allows for a variation of Valve overlap d.
  • H. the crank angle range in which the exhaust valve at open inlet valve is not yet closed.
  • Valve spring means are guided without the clamping device is activated.
  • To higher speeds can then with the Activation of the clamping device delaying the closing of the Outlet valve and thus a larger valve overlap can be realized.
  • the claimed valve system thus allows a variation of the Valve overlap as a function of the speed.
  • Embodiments of the variably controllable valve system are also advantageous which the clamping device with a piezoelectric element as Clamping element is equipped. Benefits of using a piezoelectric element, since this is inexpensive and already in many Applications has proven, so that sufficient experience with such Elements are present.
  • embodiments of the variably controllable valve system are advantageous, in which the clamping element is arranged around the shaft of the lift valve and exerts the clamping forces on the valve via the shaft. An activation of the piezoelectric element then brings this annular around the valve stem arranged element for engagement with the shaft. Between clamping element and Valve stem frictional forces are built up, which act as clamping forces.
  • a purely mechanical clamping device which has a Adjustment device brings a clamping element with the valve into engagement, so that a Delay is caused.
  • a arranged around the valve coil could as contactless clamping element exert a clamping force on the valve.
  • Embodiments of the variably controllable valve system are also advantageous where the valve drive means a pneumatic or electromagnetic Valve drive device is.
  • valve drive devices is in contrast to a purely mechanical, not flexible Valve drive means the additional possibility by means of the clamping device the movement of the valve also opposite to that of the valve drive device to influence and control the valve applied forces. This can also be done the opening process of the valve affects d. H. be delayed.
  • valve drive means a cam and a Tappet includes, wherein the contour of the cam in the area that is open the valve is responsible, is designed in the manner that above a predetermined Speed of adhesion between plunger and cam during the opening process get lost.
  • This advantageous embodiment of a valve system with pure mechanical valve drive device - a cam and a plunger - allows as in the above-described pneumatic or electromagnetic valve drive means the additional possibility that Movement of the valve by means of the clamping device also during the To influence opening process and thus to control and in the Time periods in which there is no adhesion between plunger and cam.
  • the valve drive means a cam and a Tappet includes, wherein the contour of the cam in the area that is open the valve is responsible, is designed in the manner that above a predetermined Speed of adhesion between plunger and cam during the opening process get lost.
  • this embodiment allows for the valve to some extent thrown into the combustion chamber, a very rapid opening of the valve inlet or outlet and thus the desired fast release large Flow areas.
  • valve drive means between a cam and plunger arranged rocker arm comprises, which is modular and a first and a second rocker arm, wherein the first and the second rocker arm means a spring element in the type are biased against each other, that the first Tilting lever is pivoted to the cam and the other rocker arm to the plunger.
  • This embodiment of a valve drive device opens the additional Possibility, the movement of the valve by means of the clamping device against the to influence forces exerted by the valve drive means on the valve d. H. to be delayed, the applied by the valve drive means Opening forces of the spring element, which the first and the second Toggle lever is biased against each other, is cached.
  • the second sub-task on which the invention is based is by a method solved the generic type, which is characterized in that a controllable clamping device is used with clamping element, with which the Movement of the valve at least partially independent or contrary to that of the Valve spring means on the valve applied forces is influenced and controlled.
  • Embodiments of the method in which a clamping element is advantageous are advantageous piezoelectric element is used.
  • the use of this clamping element allows a clamping device with only a few components beyond that inexpensive and less prone to failure.
  • Further requirements for the Clamping valve, as resulting from use in an internal combustion engine, fulfills the piezoelectric element as well. In particular, it has only a small one Space requirement and has only a low temperature sensitivity.
  • Embodiments of the method in which the clamping device is advantageous are advantageous is activated during the closing of the valve, so that the closing process is slowed down.
  • the effects, which over a variation of the closing process and appropriate control strategies have been adopted already stated.
  • embodiments of the method in which the Clamping device activated shortly before the closing of the valve is to allow a slow closing.
  • This embodiment of the Method allows a gentle closing of the valve d. H. a slow, gentle insertion of the valve disk in the valve seat to avoid Damage.
  • Valve drive means a pneumatic or electromagnetic Valve drive device is used. This embodiment of the method allows the delay of the opening process of the valve.
  • a Valve drive device which comprises a cam and a plunger, wherein preferably the contour of the cam in the area which is suitable for opening the Valve is responsible, is designed in the way that above a predetermined Speed of adhesion between the plunger and cam is lost.
  • These Process variant also allows the delay of the opening process of the valve at least in some areas.
  • the one between cam and plunger arranged rocker arm comprises, which is modular and a first and a second rocker arm, wherein the first and the second rocker arm means a spring element in the type are biased against each other, that the first Tilting lever is pivoted to the cam and the other rocker arm to the plunger.
  • embodiments of the method are advantageous in which the Clamping device both during closing and during the Opening operation of the valve can be activated, so that the opening process is controllable next to the closing process.
  • the variable wins Valve control additional degrees of freedom, resulting in additional flexibility the valve control strategy leads.
  • the inventive method can also with other methods for variable control of a valve combined and supplemented. Is advantageous in particular the combination of the claimed method with a electromagnetic valve drive, in which just the closing process by too hard Placement of the valve disk is stamped in the valve seat. That can with the the process according to the invention can be remedied.
  • the valve system 1 comprises a lift valve 2, which is between a valve closing position and a valve open position is movable to an inlet 6 of the combustion chamber 14th release or block the internal combustion engine.
  • the illustrated in Figure 1 Snapshot shows the valve 2 in the closed position in which the valve disc. 3 of the valve 2 is arranged in the valve seat 4 and the combustion chamber 14 with respect to the Inlet 6 seals.
  • valve system 1 is equipped with valve spring means 7 to the valve 2 in To bias towards valve closed position.
  • a holder 13th provided, which is attached to the end of the valve stem 5 and at which the Support valve spring means 7.
  • a mechanical valve drive device 8 which has a cam 11 and includes a plunger 12.
  • the plunger 12 Upon rotation of the cam 11, the plunger 12 is opposite the biasing force of the valve spring means 7 moves down, wherein it the shaft. 5 of the valve 2 in the direction of the combustion chamber 14 shifts, so that the inlet 6 is released becomes.
  • the maximum valve stroke follows the closing process.
  • deactivated clamping device 9 lead to the holder 13 and the shaft fifth acting spring forces of the valve spring means 7, the valve 2 in the direction Valve closing position, at the same time the plunger 12 in its starting position is brought.
  • the spring forces of the valve spring means 7 also provide for a sufficient adhesion between cam 11 and plunger 12 and prevent Take off.
  • the valve system 1 with a controllable clamping device 9, which is a piezoelectric Element 10 as a clamping element 10 comprises.
  • this clamping device 9 can the movement of the valve 2 opposite to the valve spring means 7 on the valve 2 forces applied, i. be delayed.
  • the closing process by varying the Clamping forces are controlled completely freely.
  • the adhesion between Cam 11 and plunger 12 repealed.
  • the clamping forces exceed the Momentary spring forces, the valve 2 comes to a standstill.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
EP03103656A 2003-10-02 2003-10-02 Système de controle variable de soupape et procédé de controle variable de soupape de moteur à combustion interne Withdrawn EP1520962A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03103656A EP1520962A1 (fr) 2003-10-02 2003-10-02 Système de controle variable de soupape et procédé de controle variable de soupape de moteur à combustion interne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03103656A EP1520962A1 (fr) 2003-10-02 2003-10-02 Système de controle variable de soupape et procédé de controle variable de soupape de moteur à combustion interne

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EP1520962A1 true EP1520962A1 (fr) 2005-04-06

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006018588A1 (de) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-25 Schaeffler Kg Ventilbetätigungseinrichtung, insbesondere für Gaswechselventile von Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen
US9631548B2 (en) 2012-10-16 2017-04-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Internal combustion engine which can be operated with liquid and with gaseous fuel and a method for operating an internal combustion engine of this kind

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58160506A (ja) * 1982-03-17 1983-09-24 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関のバルブ装置
JPS59183013A (ja) * 1983-03-31 1984-10-18 Hino Motors Ltd 内燃機関のバルブステムシ−ル装置
JPH06117209A (ja) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-26 Isuzu Motors Ltd 内燃機関の動弁装置
JPH10121922A (ja) * 1996-10-16 1998-05-12 Fuji Oozx Inc 排気バルブの異常運動防止装置
DE19755276A1 (de) * 1997-12-12 1999-06-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Elektromagnetischer Aktuator zur Steuerung eines Gaswechselventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE10107698C1 (de) * 2001-02-19 2002-08-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Gaswechselventileinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
US6477997B1 (en) * 2002-01-14 2002-11-12 Ricardo, Inc. Apparatus for controlling the operation of a valve in an internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58160506A (ja) * 1982-03-17 1983-09-24 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 内燃機関のバルブ装置
JPS59183013A (ja) * 1983-03-31 1984-10-18 Hino Motors Ltd 内燃機関のバルブステムシ−ル装置
JPH06117209A (ja) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-26 Isuzu Motors Ltd 内燃機関の動弁装置
JPH10121922A (ja) * 1996-10-16 1998-05-12 Fuji Oozx Inc 排気バルブの異常運動防止装置
DE19755276A1 (de) * 1997-12-12 1999-06-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Elektromagnetischer Aktuator zur Steuerung eines Gaswechselventils einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE10107698C1 (de) * 2001-02-19 2002-08-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Gaswechselventileinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
US6477997B1 (en) * 2002-01-14 2002-11-12 Ricardo, Inc. Apparatus for controlling the operation of a valve in an internal combustion engine

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 007, no. 287 (M - 264) 21 December 1983 (1983-12-21) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 042 (M - 359) 22 February 1985 (1985-02-22) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 408 (M - 1647) 29 July 1994 (1994-07-29) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 10 31 August 1998 (1998-08-31) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006018588A1 (de) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-25 Schaeffler Kg Ventilbetätigungseinrichtung, insbesondere für Gaswechselventile von Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen
US9631548B2 (en) 2012-10-16 2017-04-25 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Internal combustion engine which can be operated with liquid and with gaseous fuel and a method for operating an internal combustion engine of this kind

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