EP1520944A2 - Method for constructing houses - Google Patents

Abstract

In a house building process a set of upright (20) and horizontal load-bearing beams (20) are erected to form a common primary structure. A secondary structure is attached to the primary structure, sub-dividing the enclosed volume into a number of upright spaces (8). The upright spaces are accessible from each side and are the location for the subsequent insertion of pre-fabricated wall panels.

Description

The invention relates to a system for creating a House according to the preamble of claim 1.

There are known prefabricated houses, which consist of different prefabricated intermediate parts, floor and ceiling elements exist in the creation of the house in one relatively simple and time-saving way with each other get connected.

The object of the present invention is a To create a system of creating a house in one simple and inexpensive way to build and optionally enlargeable or reducible.

This task is performed by a system with the characteristics of Claim 1 solved.

For a life-adapted building, it is desirable House to design it according to the requirements is enlargeable or reducible. this will advantageously by the present invention allows. More specifically, this concept includes a For example, a house built for a young couple Kitchen, a living room, a dining room and a bedroom. If children are born over time, the house becomes the number of children according to further children or Bedroom expanded. For example, if the husband leaves would like to practice his job at home, It may be desirable to house around an office expand. Conversely, it can be later when the kids are off are the house and the office space becomes unnecessary again, be advantageous to downsize the house accordingly. Advantageously, it is overbuilt beforehand Land areas again free. The then in the future incurred heating and management costs are according to another advantage of the present invention decisively reduced. According to the system of the invention Built houses can thus be in an optimal way exactly on the respective, time-changing Needs of the owners to be matched

In such a concept, it is important that both in the Construction of the house, as well as at the enlargement or Reduction of the same only a few people, for example the homeowners themselves, for reasons of cost savings important steps, in particular the setting up of the exterior walls of the house of the rooms, themselves can make. Thereby all important parts are going through the carpenter with the appropriate expertise in the Hall prefabricated. These prefabricated parts can then For example, by the owner himself mounted on the site be, with no great experience or Skills are required. The zusammenzusetzenden Parts or elements each have such a small weight on that they are easily manageable.

In the present system, when establishing a House initially a primary construction of columns and Vehicles created with the help of preferably rigid connections are connected and all meet static requirements. Here are the Connections advantageously and so procured prepared that after putting up the supports the Butt stumpy on the supports and only with a ridge plate attached to the carrier in a appropriate Grattasche the support inserted or be hung. The primary construction determines the Size and shape of the house. The supports and carriers will be spaced along their entire length Frame and intermediate parts in the form of boards or Provided struts, so that a frame is created, where the so called secondary construction in a simple way can be attached. This secondary construction exists from individual wall elements, inside and outside in the spaces between the intermediate parts used become. The wall elements have a modular shape and are both in the construction of the house and later in the Enlargement or reduction of the same in one extreme simple way of only few persons at the Primary construction that meets the respective requirements is changed accordingly, mountable or from this demountable. It is ensured that at the Mounting the mentioned connections between the Secondary construction and primary construction seamless and done tight. Advantageously, in the wall elements also integrated insulating layers.

Special connection devices (connections) for connecting the wall elements with each other or to Connecting the same with the primary construction and Connecting the supports and beams of the primary construction be used, the extremely simple and inexpensive constructed as well as being quickly assembled and disassembled.

Figur 1

in schematischer Darstellung einen beispielhaften Grundriss des Erdgeschosses eines nach dem erfindungsgemäßen System aufgebauten Hauses;

Figur 2

den beispielhaften Grundriss des Obergeschosses eines Hauses nach der Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine Seitenansicht im Schnitt des Hauses gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2;

Figur 4

eine Explosionsdarstellung der Außenwände des Hauses der Figuren 1 bis 3;

Figur 5

einen Schnitt durch eine Seitenwand des Hauses gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 3;

Figuren 6 bis 8

bevorzugte Verbindungseinrichtungen; und

Figuren 9 und 10

Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.

In the following the invention and its embodiments in connection with the figures will be explained in more detail. Show it:

FIG. 1

a schematic plan view of an exemplary floor plan of a built according to the system according to the invention house;

FIG. 2

the exemplary floor plan of the upper floor of a house according to the figure 1;

FIG. 3

a side view in section of the house according to Figures 1 and 2;

FIG. 4

an exploded view of the outer walls of the house of Figures 1 to 3;

FIG. 5

a section through a side wall of the house according to Figures 1 to 3;

FIGS. 6 to 8

preferred connecting devices; and

FIGS. 9 and 10

Further developments of the invention.

A variable building according to the present system consists essentially of a carrier 20 and supports 40th comprehensive primary design, which determines the size and shape of the set house to create, and one at the Primary construction fortified secondary structure, the Frame parts 1 to 4, in which the outside and Interior walls of the house forming wall elements 72, 73 be attached.

According to the figures 1 to 4, which by way of example a floor plan the ground floor (Figure 1) of the house, a floor plan of Upper floor (Figure 2), a side view in section and a spatial representation to explain the primary and Secondary construction show, there is the Secondary construction of a according to the invention System built house essentially from each lower frame parts 1, upper frame parts 2, lateral Frame parts 3, 4 and intermediate parts 5, which between the lower frame parts 1 and the upper frame parts. 2 run (frame arrangements of the secondary construction). These frame parts 1, 2, 3 and 4 are preferably directly on the beams 20 and the supports 40 of the primary structure attached. The said frame parts 1, 2, 3 and 4 as well the intermediate parts 5 preferably have the form of board or plate-shaped parts.

There are several such frame arrangements composed. The intermediate parts 5 contribute to the rigidity The respectively formed frame assembly and prevent a deflection of the horizontally extending frame parts. 1 and 2. The intermediate parts 5 are preferably one below the other and of the lateral frame parts 3, 4 evenly spaced, so that receiving spaces 8 arise, in which the later explained in more detail wall elements 72 and 73 used can be. For example, has a frame assembly 1 to 4 between the lateral frame parts 3 and 4 a Length of 3.75 m, with the intermediate parts 5 each 0.625 m with each other or 0.625 m from the lateral frame parts 3, 4 are spaced. As this particular from the figure 3, the present house preferably has a so-called point foundation, the single Includes concrete elements 6, which in a conventional manner in are embedded in the ground and the lower carrier 20 each supported at their end. At not outside lying concrete elements 6 are each two Frame assemblies 1 to 4 and two carriers 20 at one Support 40 put together in a straight line. At the corner areas of the house are each two carriers 20 and two Frame arrangements 1 to 4 at right angles to a support 40th put together.

According to FIGS. 1 to 3, this is explained by way of example House on the ground floor according to Figure 1 an area "Living / Cooking / Eating", an entrance and an area "WC / DU", upstairs three rooms, a hallway and a Bath on, the house being a square floor plan has. The length L and the width B of the house (FIG. 1) is in each case by two juxtaposed Frame assemblies 1 to 4 formed. According to the figure 3 the juxtaposed lower frame elements 1 'in each direction supported by support 20, each through three in the underground U arranged concrete post 6 supported become. The first floor is divided by two in one Direction side by side arranged frame assemblies 1 to 4 formed above the corresponding lower Frame assemblies 1 to 4 are arranged. The upper ones Frame arrangements 1 to 4 are each on an upper Carrier 20 of the primary structure arranged.

According to Figure 4, which is an exploded view of a Frame assembly 1 to 4, the frame parts are 1 to 4 connected at right angles to each other. In the already way explained are between the lower frame part. 1 and the upper frame part 2 perpendicular to the longitudinal extent the same running board or plate-shaped Intermediate parts 5 arranged, whose function beside the already mentioned increase the bending stiffness of Frame assembly 1 to 4 also consists in receiving spaces. 8 to form for wall units. Each wall unit consists of a plate-shaped outer lining element 71, a box-shaped outer wall member 72 and a box-shaped inner wall element 73. The outer Wall element 72 is inserted into the frame arrangement 1 from the outside to 4 in between two intermediate parts 5 or between an intermediate part 5 and a lateral frame part 3 or 4 formed receiving space 8 used. Accordingly becomes the inner wall member 73 from the inside in said Reception room 8 used, such that the outer Wall member 72 and the inner wall member 73 preferably box and cover-like interlock. there overlap according to Figure 4, the side walls of the box-like outer wall member 72, the side walls of the box-like inner wall element 73 (or vice versa). In the of inner wall member 73 enclosed inside space is a insulating, vapor-permeable layer 74 arranged as this is represented by a dotted area. The Insulating layer 74 preferably fills said one Interior completely off. A heat release to the outside and a Cold effects inside are thereby prevented. at the insulating layer 74 is preferably an insulating biomaterial or commercial Mineral wool. In the outer wall element 72nd enclosed interior is an insulating layer arranged, which has a vapor barrier effect. The Cladding 71 is preferably after assembly of the Wall element 72 attached to the outside thereof, expediently screwed or hooked. she can but even in the production of the wall elements 72nd be connected with these.

In the manner shown in particular in Figure 5 way have the outer wall element 72 and the inner wall element 73 each projecting beyond its side walls Edge region 721 and 731 on which an annular, the Side walls surrounding seal 9 on the frame assembly 1 to 4 facing side, so that a tight connection between the respective wall elements 72, 73 facing edges of the respective areas of lower and upper frame parts 1, 2 and the intermediate parts 5 and the lateral frame parts 3 and 4 and the protruding edge regions 721 and 731 is formed. at the seals 9 are for example annular hose seals or annular Gaskets made from a permanently deformable Material exist.

The wall elements 72 inserted into the receiving space 8, 73 are closer to forming the wall unit in the later explained manner with each other and with the intermediate parts. 5 or the lateral frame parts 3, 4 connected. It will noted that the dimensions described for the frame assembly 1 to 4 and the wall elements 72, 73 are deliberately chosen so that the box-shaped Wall elements 72, 73 handled by two people and in the Recording rooms 8 can be used.

It is also conceivable according to FIG. 9, the wall elements 72 and 73 thus smaller and easier to design that the Receiving spaces 8 by running in the longitudinal direction, preferably board or plate-shaped Zwischenelemenet. 7 be divided so that smaller, preferably two equal receiving spaces 8 'and 8 "arise.

According to FIG. 10, the floors of the house are preferably also with the help of the explained box-shaped Wandelenmente 72, 73 formed. It will be the fourth of Carrier 20 enclosed space by parallel to each other arranged secondary beams 60 divided into spaces 8, in the top and bottom wall elements 72, 73 in the above be used already described manner. The from above inserted wall elements form the bottom and the of Wall elements inserted below the ceiling of a room of House. On the wall forming the floor elements can usual floor coverings, such as Carpet, parquet or Tiles are laid.

A particular advantage of the present invention is also in that after the creation of the house a relative easy laying of cables is possible by that the cables to be laid after acceptance, in particular the inner wall elements 73 in the then exposed spaces be introduced and relocated.

FIG. 5 shows a preferred way of attaching the Wall elements 72, 73 on the intermediate parts 5 in enlarged Representation, wherein the figure 5a shows a horizontal section through the fully assembled wall elements 72, 73, and the Figure 5b show a corresponding vertical section.

In the apparent manner, the attachment takes place with the Help from screws 11, which are inserted into holes 12 be starting from the end face 722 and 732 of the Wall element 72 and 73 up to a in the Mounting state in the direction of the middle wall 5 opening Recess 13 extends. The recess 13 in the assembled state opposite is located in the intermediate part 5 a Recess 15, which opens to the recess 13 out. In the recess 13 is a metal plate 14 with a Bore 16 is arranged with an internal thread, in which the Screw 11 for mounting the wall element 72 and 73 on the Intermediate part 5 is screwed. The metal plate 14 is previously from the state shown in Figure 5b, in the she is completely in the recess 13, at the Screwing operation pivoted to the state in which they partially engages in the recess 15 according to Figure 5b. When screwing is therefore the wall element 72 and 73 in Direction pulled on the intermediate part 5, wherein the seal 9 between the edge region of the end face 722 or 732 and the end face of the intermediate part 5 is compressed and unfolds their sealing effect. The recesses 15 of Intermediate parts 5 corresponding recesses are also in the lateral frame parts 3, 4 are provided.

In the manner shown in Figure 4, the lower frame parts 1 on lower frame elements 1 ', the upper frame parts 2 on upper frame elements 2 'and the lateral frame parts 3, 4 on lateral frame elements 3 'and 4' attached, which are part of the primary structure and are secured to the supports 40 and supports 20, respectively. Hereinafter, a particularly preferred type of Creation and the connection of the supports 40 and support 20 of the primary construction in connection with the figures 6 to 8 explained in more detail. First, in the foundation F Hats 40 arranged at the desired locations. The pillars 40 comprise at the height of the carrier 20 to be attached preferably a preferably made of steel box-like carrier part 43 with a rectangular, preferably square hollow profile, attached to the two at opposite sides up and down extended side portions 41, which on one side in the Foundation F are embedded, welded. Until about at half the height of the support member 43 is a transverse to the Extensions 41 extending, preferably band-shaped Iron part 42 welded between the extensions 41, which also runs into the foundation F and a Enables absorption in both directions. The part 43 has a length which is about the thickness of to be connected carrier 20 corresponds.

So that the builder in a particularly simple manner to the Carrier part 43 all around, i. So on all four sides of the Support 40 can each connect a carrier 20 is conveniently on each of the four sides of the support member 43, a holding plate 44 welded, the one Receiving pocket 45 for a plug 46 of the one Carrier 20 fixed mounting plate 47 has. Preferably, the mounting plate 47 is part of a U-shaped Flat steel part, which fixed the end face of the carrier 20 encloses. This preferably has on the mounting plate 47th welded plug 46 is in the form of a so-called Burr plate open in the upwards Holding bag 45 in the form of a pocket for Attachment of the carrier 20 to the support 40 from above is inserted or mounted. There are no screwdrivers Dowel connections required.

In the manner described, all nodes can be between all carriers 20 of all floors of the house and the supports 40 to produce the primary construction.

Claims (14)

A system for creating a house, wherein first a primary construction of vertical supports (40) and horizontal beams (20) is created, which are mounted to each other, characterized in that on the primary construction, a secondary structure can be fastened, the receiving spaces (8) forms, in the wall elements (72, 73) which are prefabricated from inside and outside from opposite sides can be used to form inner and outer walls of the house. A system according to claim 1, characterized in that the secondary structure has the shape of a rectangular frame structure formed by a lower frame part (1), an upper frame part (2) and two lateral frame parts (3,4), which comprises the receiving spaces (8). System according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower frame part (1), the upper frame part (2) and the two lateral frame parts (3,4) each have the form of board or plate-shaped parts. System according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that intermediate parts (5) are mounted between the two lateral frame parts (3, 4) to form the intermediate spaces (8). System according to claim 4, characterized in that the intermediate parts (5) extend parallel to the lateral frame parts (3, 4). System according to claim 5, characterized in that the intermediate parts (5) are equally spaced from each other and from the lateral frame parts (3, 4). System according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the upper frame part (2) on an upper support (20) of the primary structure, the lower frame part (1) on a lower support (20) of the primary structure and the lateral wall parts (3 , 4) are fastened to a respective support (40) of the primary structure. System according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the wall elements (72, 73) are formed like a box. System according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that of two opposite wall elements (71, 72) of a box-shaped and the other are lid-shaped and engage overlapping in Maontagezustand. System according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that an insulating, vapor-permeable layer (74) is arranged in the interior space enclosed by the inner wall element (73) facing the inside of the house. A system according to claim 10, characterized in that the insulating, vapor-permeable layer (74) fills the entire inner space. A system according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the insulating, vapor-permeable layer (74) is an insulating biomaterial, preferably mineral wool. System according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the outer space, the outside of the house facing wall element (73) enclosed interior an insulating layer (74) is arranged, which has a vapor-barrier effect. A system according to claim 13, characterized in that the insulating vapor barrier layer (74) fills the entire interior space.

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