EP1520376B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur planung einer halbduplexübertragung - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur planung einer halbduplexübertragung Download PDF

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EP1520376B1
EP1520376B1 EP02740987A EP02740987A EP1520376B1 EP 1520376 B1 EP1520376 B1 EP 1520376B1 EP 02740987 A EP02740987 A EP 02740987A EP 02740987 A EP02740987 A EP 02740987A EP 1520376 B1 EP1520376 B1 EP 1520376B1
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Prior art keywords
transmission
connection
frame
capacity
allocation
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French (fr)
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EP1520376A1 (de
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Luciano Lenzini
Enzo Mingozzi
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Nokia Oyj
Nokia Inc
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Nokia Oyj
Nokia Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • H04L5/16—Half-duplex systems; Simplex/duplex switching; Transmission of break signals non-automatically inverting the direction of transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/535—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on resource usage policies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • H04L5/1469—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex using time-sharing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for scheduling data in a half-duplex transmission, which can be implemented e.g. in uplink and downlink burst data transmission for half-duplex terminals in burst-mode frequency division duplex (FDD) systems.
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • Modem access systems support different higher layer protocols. Protocols define the format and order of messages exchanged between two or more communicating entities, as well as the actions taken on the transmission and/or receipt of a message or other event.
  • the central purpose of the Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is sharing of radio channel resources.
  • the MAC protocol defines how and when an access point or subscriber unit may tr ansmit on the channel.
  • the MAC protocol includes the interface's procedures to provide guaranteed services to upper layers.
  • Wireless medium is a shared medium, which demands the MAC protocol to coordinate the transmission of multiple traffic flows over it.
  • the basic distinction between different MAC protocols is the duplexing of the uplink and downlink channels.
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • the data unit i.e. MAC frame
  • the border between the uplink and downlink portion can be adaptive, which makes it suitable for asymmetric connections.
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • different carrier frequencies are used in the downlink and uplink transmission.
  • the terminals may thus simultaneously transmit and receive the signals.
  • H-FDD Half-duplex Frequency Division Duplex
  • different carrier frequencies are used for the uplink and downlink transmission, but the terminals do not transmit and receive simultaneously. This poses a challenging problem to the uplink and downlink resource management.
  • the type of physical channel has a significant influence on the radio access protocol and scheduling procedures.
  • a continuous transmission channel the traffic flow is transmitted in the downlink direction and the whole traffic flow is received in the access point of the access network.
  • the terminals have to decode the whole flow and pick up the packets addressed to them.
  • TDM Time Division Multiplexing
  • the modulation type is changed within one MAC frame. The change has to be announced at the beginning of the MAC frame.
  • the packets intended for various terminals have to be re-ordered according to the modulation type used by a particular terminal.
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • a standby mode is allowed when the data is not addressed to a particular terminal.
  • the frame structure is announced at the beginning of the MAC frame.
  • An example of a wireless communication system where FDD and a burst mode of transmission are adopted, and support of half-duplex terminal is required, is the air interface for the IEEE 802.16 fixed broadband wireless access system.
  • the downlink channel is framed to allow adaptive modulation and forward error correction (FEC).
  • FEC adaptive modulation and forward error correction
  • the downlink channel uses TDMA or a mixture of TDM and TDMA, where TDM is utilized for bandwidth efficiency and TDMA is used for half-duplex terminal support.
  • downlink and uplink burst transmissions are centrally scheduled on a frame-by-frame basis by a central controller or access point (AP), in order to meet specified quality of service (QoS) requirements.
  • Scheduling deals with the manner in which queued data packets are selected for transmission on the respective link or channel.
  • a downlink map message transmitted at the beginning of each frame, broadcasts the frame layout to all other terminals in the system.
  • the QoS requirements can impose very tight constraints on the AP scheduler, which has to determine which packets to transmit next, and when, in order to meet system-defined QoS requirements.
  • half-duplex terminal transmission and reception scheduling imposes additional tight constraints which are independent of the QoS requirements.
  • the burst data transmission order in each frame has to be arranged in such a manner that, for each of the half-duplex terminals, transmission and reception intervals do not overlap in time.
  • WO 02/41520 A relates to a system and method for mapping a combined frequency division duplexing (FDD) Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) / Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) downlink subframe for use with half-duplex and full-duplex terminals in a communication system.
  • Embodiments of the downlink subframe vary Forward Error Correction (FEC) types for a given modulation scheme as well as support the implementation of a smart antennae at a base station in the communication system.
  • FEC Forward Error Correction
  • Embodiments of the system are used in a TDD communication system to support the implementation of smart antennae.
  • a scheduling algorithm allows TDM and TDMA portions of a downlink to efficiently co-exist in the same downlink subframe and simultaneously support full and half-duplex terminals:
  • the algorithm allows the TDM of multiple terminals in a TDMA burst to minimize the number of map entries in a downlink map.
  • the algorithm limits the number of downlink map entries to not exceed 2n + 1, where n is the number of DL PHY modes (modulation/FEC combinations) employed by the communication system.
  • WO 02/39774 A relates to a method for allocating radio resources in a telecommunication system to mobile stations (A, B, C) transmitting data in time slots of TDMA frames in uplink direction and receiving data in time slots of TDMA frames in downlink direction.
  • the method comprises in the case that a first mobile A is using a first time slot (1) in a first direction and requires a time slot in the opposite direction and the corresponding fixed duplex distance time slot (1) in the opposite direction is used by a second mobile station (B), the steps of: determining a free time slot (4) in the opposite direction; moving the connection of the second mobile station (B) to the determined free time slot (4) in the opposite direction; and allocating the corresponding time slot (1) in the opposite direction to the first mobile station (A).
  • a method comprising: scheduling burst transmissions on a frame-by-frame basis for transmission via at least two half-duplex time division multiple access connections in a burst mode by allocating for first and second transmission directions of each connection respective capacities of data portions to a transmission frame so that the sum of all data portions of a transmission frame of all connections in said first direction does not exceed a predetermined capacity, the sum of all data portions of a transmission frame of all connections in said second direction does not exceed said predetermined capacity, and the sum of capacities of data portions of each connection of said transmission frame in both transmission directions does not exceed said predetermined capacity, wherein each connection connects to a different terminal device; and setting the transmission timing of said data portions within said transmission frame in such a manner that transmission and reception intervals of each connection do not overlap in time.
  • an apparatus comprising: scheduling means for scheduling burst transmissions on a frame-by-frame basis for transmission via at least two half-duplex time division multiple access connections in a burst mode by allocating for first and second trans-mission directions of each connection respective capacities of data portions to a transmission frame so that the sum of all data portions of a transmission frame of all connections in said first direction does not exceed a predetermined capacity, the sum of all data portions of a transmission frame of all connections in said second direction does not exceed said pre-determined capacity, and the sum of capacities of data portions of each connection of said transmission frame in both transmission directions does not exceed said predetermined capacity, wherein each connection connects to a different terminal device; and setting means for setting the transmission timing of said data portions within said transmission frame in such a manner that transmission and reception intervals of each connection do not overlap in time.
  • scheduling can be optimised to meet both QoS and half-duplex requirements.
  • the suggested scheduling procedure is optimal in the sense that it is always successful provided that the amount of capacity allocated in both transmission directions to a half-duplex terminal does not exceed the predetermined capacity, e.g. frame length.
  • the number of data portions, e.g. bursts, transmitted in a frame can be minimized, thus minimizing the number of data portions for each transmission direction in a frame.
  • the number of entries in a transmission map provided for each transmission direction e.g. uplink and downlink, can be minimized, while allowing to schedule transmissions according to whatever QoS model.
  • the predetermined capacity may correspond to the maximum amount of capacity, e.g. frame length, available in the transmission frame for both transmission directions.
  • connection should be interpreted in such a manner that each connection connects to a different terminal.
  • an allocation for a connection also refers to a specific terminal.
  • the connections may be wireless connections of a wireless communication system, wherein the transmission directions may be uplink and downlink directions.
  • the setting step comprises the steps of:
  • the steps ii) to iv) may be successively performed for each connection.
  • a connection whose transmission timing is the first timing within said transmission frame is initially selected as said reference connection, and wherein a connection with a subsequent transmission timing is selected if said scheduling does not lead to a feasible allocation.
  • the feasibility may be checked by determining for each connection whether the sum of the total value of allocated capacities for that connection for both transmission directions and a capacity value corresponding to the difference between the set allocation start time for said one transmission direction and the set allocation end time for said other transmission direction is less then or equal to said predetermined capacity.
  • the transmission frame may be a MAC frame.
  • FBWA fixed broadband wireless access
  • Fig. 1 shows such an FBWA system, which comprises an access point AP, usually called base station (BS), and subscriber stations (SS) S1 to S4.
  • An SS can either be an individual end user terminal or a group terminal with several end user terminals connected to it. All data traffic goes through the access point AP, so that the access point AP can control the allocation of capacity (bandwidth) on the radio channel. The capacity is scheduled and allocated by the access point AP according to agreed traffic and/or QoS parameters.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example of an FDD based MAC protocol.
  • the downlink and uplink MAC frames F1 to F3 are of constant length.
  • the downlink structure transmitted on a downlink carrier begins with a broadcast phase BP where information about uplink and downlink structure is announced.
  • the broadcast phase BP is followed by a downlink phase DP for transmitting data bursts in the downlink direction.
  • the uplink structure transmitted on an uplink carrier begins with an uplink phase UP for transmitting data bursts in the uplink direction, and is followed by a random access phase RAP primarily used for initial access but also for the signalling when a terminal has no resources allocated within the uplink phase UP.
  • a scheduling procedure for optimising uplink and downlink scheduling for half-duplex terminals or connections is described.
  • the proposed procedure can be implemented in the access point AP or any other central controller of the communication system.
  • Downlink and uplink bursts are simply characterized by their transmission duration, independently of the presence or absence of preambles and switching time gaps.
  • the solution is sufficiently general to be adapted to many different systems, where TDM is also used for bandwidth efficiency, and the TDM portion needs to be ordered by burst robustness.
  • Fig. 3 shows a frame scheme indicating respective notations of a generic uplink and downlink capacity allocation for a terminal i , used in the following description of the scheduling procedure.
  • u i is the amount of uplink capacity allocated to terminal i
  • d i is the amount of downlink capacity allocated to terminal i
  • T is the total amount of capacity, available in the frame, both for uplink and downlink
  • s i d is the time offset at which the downlink capacity allocation for terminal i starts
  • f i u is the time offset at which the uplink capacity allocation for terminal i ends.
  • the term s i u u i denotes the uplink capacity allocation for terminal i
  • the term s i d d i denotes the downlink capacity allocation for terminal i
  • the operator " ⁇ T " denotes a modulo operation with respect to the total amount T of capacity.
  • Inequation (3) states that a time instant is included between the start and the end of the capacity allocation for terminal j .
  • the uniqueness of j implies that capacity allocations for different terminals do not overlap in time.
  • a set U s i u u i of uplink capacity allocations is feasible if and only if s i u - f j u T + u i + u j ⁇ T , ⁇ i , j , wherein:
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of specific cases for the above inequation (4).
  • inequation (4) is true, while in the lower case inequation (4) is not true due to the overlapping uplink and downlink bursts.
  • a similar result can be stated for downlink allocations.
  • a set D s i d d i of downlink capacity allocations is feasible if and only if s i d - f j d T + d i + d j ⁇ T , ⁇ i , j .
  • uplink and downlink sets of capacity allocations are feasible if and only if uplink and downlink allocations for the same terminal do not overlap in time.
  • Necessary conditions for the above inequations (4), (5), and (7) to be met can be immediately derived and are as follows: 1. ⁇ ⁇ u i ⁇ T ; 2. ⁇ ⁇ d i ⁇ T ; 3. u i + d i ⁇ T , ⁇ i .
  • Fig. 5 shows a flow diagram of a scheduling procedure based on the above allocation scheme defined in equation (9).
  • the scheduling operation can be detailed step-by-step according to the sequence of steps indicated in Fig. 5 .
  • step S100 the next terminal or connection j is set as a reference from which to start setting the capacity allocation starting offsets or times.
  • n +1 to be considered first is determined in step S101, and going on considering one terminal at a time by increasing index (modulus n , i.e., the index after n is 1), the following operations are performed. In step S102, it is checked whether the considered terminal is the start terminal, i.e. i
  • n +1. The downlink allocation starting offset of terminal i is then set as follows. If i
  • step S106 it is checked whether the obtained allocation for the considered terminal or connection is feasible.
  • the overall current allocation can be tested or checked according to the following calculation based on (7). If s i u - f i d T + u i + d i > T the terminal j selected in step S100 is not suitable. Then, the answer in step S106 is "no" and the current allocation procedure is stopped and reset in step S107, wherein the allocated downlink capacity starting times or offsets are deleted. Furthermore, the procedure returns to step S100 so as to select the next reference terminal.
  • the procedure for optimal downlink allocation consists of searching for a downlink capacity allocation set where allocation start times are determined as a function of the set of downlink capacities and the set of uplink capacity allocations, according to equation (9).
  • the allocation start times or offsets of the downlink data bursts 1 to 4 are arranged in such a manner that no downlink data burst overlaps with a corresponding uplink data burst of the same terminal or connection.
  • the downlink data burst 2 has been split up at the end and the start of the frame due to the modulo operation with respect to the maximum capacity value of the frame.
  • Fig. 7 shows a pseudo-code example for a software routine for controlling a scheduling function at the access point AP or another central controller of the communication system.
  • This pseudo-code routine corresponds to a specific implementation example of the procedure indicated in Fig. 5 when using equation (9).
  • the present invention is not restricted to the preferred embodiment described above, but can be used in any scheduling function for scheduling data portions to be allocated to transmission frames of half-duplex connections.
  • the present invention is not restricted to the specific use of an initial preset uplink allocation.
  • a downlink allocation may be preset, based on which uplink allocation start times and end times are determined.
  • one transmission direction can be scheduled based on the other transmission direction.
  • the preferred embodiments may vary within the scope of the attached claims.

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  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Claims (16)

  1. Verfahren mit:
    a) Planen von Burst-Übertragungen auf einer Rahmen-um-Rahmen-Basis zur Übertragung über wenigstens zwei wechselseitige zeitgeteilte Mehrfachzugriffsverbindungen in einem Burst-Mode durch Zuordnen für erste und zweite Übertragungsrichtungen jeder Verbindung jeweiliger Datenmengenvolumina zu einem Übertragungsrahmen, sodass die Summe aller Datenmengen von einem Übertragungsrahmen aller Verbindungen in der ersten Richtung nicht ein vorbestimmtes Volumen überschreitet, die Summe aller Datenmengen von einem Übertragungsrahmen aller Verbindungen in der zweiten Richtung nicht das vorbestimmte Volumen überschreitet, und die Summe von Datenmengenvolumina jeder Verbindung des Übertragungsrahmens in beiden Übertragungsrichtungen nicht das vorbestimmte Volumen überschreitet, wobei jede Verbindung zu einer anderen Endgerätevorrichtung verbindet; und
    b) Einstellen des Übertragungstimings der Datenmengen innerhalb des Übertragungsrahmens derart, dass Übertragungs- und Empfangsintervalle jeder Verbindung sich zeitlich nicht überlappen.
  2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei das vorbestimmte Volumen dem maximal verfügbaren Volumenbetrag im Übertragungsrahmen für beide Übertragungsrichtungen entspricht.
  3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Verbindungen drahtlose Verbindungen eines drahtlosen Kommunikationssystems sind, und wobei die Übertragungsrichtungen Uplink- und Downlink-Richtungen sind.
  4. Verfahren gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Einstellschritt den Schritt des Bestimmens von Zuordnungsstartzeiten basierend auf einer Gruppe von Volumenzuordnungen einer Übertragungsrichtung und einer Gruppe von Volumina der anderen Übertragungsrichtung aufweist.
  5. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4, wobei der Einstellschritt die Schritte aufweist:
    b1) Definieren der Gruppe von Volumenzuordnungen für die eine Übertragungsrichtung des Übertragungsrahmens;
    b2) Einstellen einer Zuordnungsstartzeit für die andere Übertragungsrichtung einer nachfolgenden Verbindung, deren Übertragungstiming direkt einem Übertragungstiming einer ausgewählten Referenzverbindung folgt, gemäß einer Zuordnungsstartzeit für die eine Übertragungsrichtung der Referenzverbindung;
    b3) Einstellen einer Zuordnungsstartzeit für die andere Übertragungsrichtung einer nicht nachfolgenden Verbindung, deren Übertragungstiming nicht direkt dem Übertragungstiming der ausgewählten Referenzverbindung folgt, gemäß einer Zuordnungsendezeit für die andere Übertragungsrichtung einer vorhergehenden Verbindung, deren Übertragungstiming direkt dem Übertragungstiming der nicht nachfolgenden Verbindung vorausgeht, und
    b4) Einstellen einer Zuordnungsendezeit für die andere Übertragungsrichtung gemäß der Summe der eingestellten Zuordnungsstartzeit und einem dem zugeordneten Volumen entsprechenden Wert.
  6. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4 oder 5, wobei der Einstellschritt auf der Gleichung s i d = { s j u + ∑ k = j + 1 i - 1 d k T i > j s j u + ∑ k = j + 1 n d k + ∑ k = j i - 1 d k T i ≤ j
    Figure imgb0046
    basiert, wobei j ein Endgerätindex zwischen 1 und n ist, dK der dem Endgerät k zugeordnete Downlink-Volumenbetrag ist, T der im Rahmen sowohl für Uplink und Downlink verfügbare Gesamtvolumenbetrag ist, s j u
    Figure imgb0047
     der Zeitversatz ist, bei dem die Uplink-Volumenzuordnung für Endgerät i beginnt, und sd j der Zeitversatz ist, bei dem die Downlink-Volumenzuordnung für Endgerät i beginnt.
  7. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 5, wobei die Schritte b2) bis b4) für jede Verbindung nacheinander durchgeführt werden.
  8. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, wobei eine Verbindung, deren Übertragungstiming das erste Timing innerhalb des Übertragungsrahmens ist, zuerst als die Referenzverbindung ausgewählt wird, und wobei eine Verbindung mit einem nachfolgenden Übertragungstiming innerhalb des Übertragungsrahmens als die Referenzverbindung ausgewählt wird, wenn die Planung nicht zu einer durchführbaren Zuordnung führt.
  9. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 8, wobei die Durchführbarkeit durch Bestimmen für jede Verbindung überprüft wird, ob die Summe des Gesamtwerts der zugeordneten Volumina für die Verbindung für beide Übertragungsrichtungen und ein Volumenwert entsprechend der Differenz zwischen der eingestellten Zuordnungsstartzeit für die eine Übertragungsrichtung und der eingestellten Zuordnungsendzeit für die andere Übertragungsrichtung weniger oder gleich dem vorbestimmten Volumen ist.
  10. Verfahren gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Volumina der Datenmengen basierend auf jeweiligen Qualitätsanforderungen der Verbindungen bestimmt werden.
  11. Verfahren gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Übertragungsrahmen ein MAC-Rahmen ist.
  12. Vorrichtung mit:
    a) Planungsmittel zum Planen von Burst-Übertragungen auf einer Rahmen-um-Rahmen-Basis für Übertragungen über wenigstens zwei wechselseitige zeitgeteilte Mehrfachzugriffsverbindungen in einem Burst-Mode durch Zuordnen für erste und zweite Übertragungsrichtungen jeder Verbindung jeweiliger Datenmengenvolumina zu einem Übertragungsrahmen, sodass die Summe aller Datenmengen eines Übertragungsrahmens aller Verbindungen in der ersten Richtung ein vorbestimmtes Volumen nicht überschreitet, die Summe aller Datenmengen eines Übertragungsrahmens aller Verbindungen in der zweiten Richtung nicht das vorbestimmte Volumen überschreitet, und die Summe der Datenmengenvolumina jeder Verbindung des Übertragungsrahmens in beiden Übertragungsrichtungen nicht das vorbestimmte Volumen überschreitet, wobei jede Verbindung zu einer anderen Endgerätevorrichtung verbindet; und
    b) Einstellungsmittel zum Einstellen des Übertragungstimings der Datenmengen innerhalb des Übertragungsrahmens derart, dass Übertragungs- und Empfangsintervalle jeder Verbindung sich zeitlich nicht überlappen.
  13. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 12, wobei die Verbindungen eingerichtet sind, Halb-Duplex-Endgeräte an einer Luftschnittstelle eines drahtlosen Kommunikationssystems zu verbinden.
  14. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 13, wobei die Luftschnittstelle einer IEEE 802.16-Spezifikation entspricht.
  15. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, wobei die Vorrichtung eine zentrale Steuerungseinrichtung oder ein Zugangspunkt (AP) des drahtlosen Kommunikationssystems ist.
  16. Computerprogrammprodukt mit Codemitteln zum Erzeugen der Schritte des Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 1, wenn es auf einem Computergerät ausgeführt wird.
EP02740987A 2002-06-27 2002-06-27 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur planung einer halbduplexübertragung Expired - Lifetime EP1520376B1 (de)

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CA2488784C (en) 2009-12-29
CA2488784A1 (en) 2004-01-08
CN1631012A (zh) 2005-06-22
KR20050013634A (ko) 2005-02-04
EP1520376A1 (de) 2005-04-06
KR100611809B1 (ko) 2006-08-11
DE60232748D1 (de) 2009-08-06
AU2002314413A1 (en) 2004-01-19
US20050174971A1 (en) 2005-08-11
CN100376098C (zh) 2008-03-19
US7764659B2 (en) 2010-07-27
ATE434883T1 (de) 2009-07-15

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