EP1517831B1 - Navire de levage de charges lourdes polyvalent - Google Patents

Navire de levage de charges lourdes polyvalent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1517831B1
EP1517831B1 EP03741655A EP03741655A EP1517831B1 EP 1517831 B1 EP1517831 B1 EP 1517831B1 EP 03741655 A EP03741655 A EP 03741655A EP 03741655 A EP03741655 A EP 03741655A EP 1517831 B1 EP1517831 B1 EP 1517831B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vessel
hull
lifting
ballast
vertical legs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03741655A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1517831A1 (fr
Inventor
Zweitze Bouwe Gall
Wilhelmus Coenradus Johannes Jozephus Woldring
Johan Albert Commandeur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IHC Gusto Engineering BV
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IHC Gusto Engineering BV
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Publication date
Application filed by IHC Gusto Engineering BV filed Critical IHC Gusto Engineering BV
Priority to EP03741655A priority Critical patent/EP1517831B1/fr
Publication of EP1517831A1 publication Critical patent/EP1517831A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1517831B1 publication Critical patent/EP1517831B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/003—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for transporting very large loads, e.g. offshore structure modules

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lifting vessel comprising a first and second hull located side by side at a predetermined distance, at least one u-shaped lifting portal comprising two vertical legs supported on a respective hull and a transverse leg interconnecting the vertical legs, and connection means for attaching a structure to the transverse leg.
  • Such a vessel is known, for instance the "Ostrea” which was used in the eighties for construction of bridges in the Netherlands (Oosterschelde dam) for lifting and transporting heavy concrete pillars, partially submerged below water, and suspended from the transverse leg by cables.
  • the concrete pillars were attached to the lifting frame at a dock and were suspended under controlled onshore conditions.
  • Both hulls were connected at the front to form a U-shaped construction, which has a U-shaped water line.
  • the sea going stability of the known lifting vessel construction is relatively small and the lifting capacity is relatively limited.
  • each hull comprises along its length direction a number of ballast tanks at least partially located above water level, each ballast tank comprising an outflow opening above water level, a closure member for closing the outflow opening and a releasable locking device for maintaining the closure member in a closed position, wherein the locking devices are each connected to a control unit for releasing the locking devices.
  • the ballast tanks can be rapidly emptied such that the vessel is raised, and the structure is lifted.
  • the lifting speed may be for instance 15 m per minute, such that within 10 s a lifting distance about 2,5 m is reached. This allows lifting of heavy structures, such as an oil production platform topside, within an average wave period.
  • the rapid lifting speed ensures that in a short time a sufficient distance between the lifted structure and its support, which in many cases will be resting on the seabed, is obtained such that a risk of collision due to wave-induced motions of the vessel is prevented.
  • ballast tanks are distributed along the length of the hulls and allow controlled deballasting without trim or listing upon lifting of the load.
  • the number of ballast tanks will be equal at portside and starboard, and the combined center of gravity of the tanks will lie substantially midship.
  • the control unit can actuate release of the locking devices of the closure members (watertight hatches) of the ballast tanks that are situated at the same longitudinal position, at the same moment to prevent listing.
  • the deballasting of the tanks in the length direction may also occur simultaneously to prevent trimming during lifting.
  • the lifting system according to the present invention allows for rapid lifting under naturally damped conditions.
  • the lifting accelerations will be high, allowing a rapid separation of the structure to be lifted from the support structure from which it is separated.
  • the accelerations will have decreased to nearly zero, such that up-swinging of the load and undesired tension in the support cables is prevented.
  • the outflow characteristics of the water from the ballast tanks may be modified by the internal form of the ballast tanks (e.g. a sloping bottom) or via flow restrictions in the outflow opening of the ballast tanks, or via controlled opening of the closure members.
  • one ore more tanks may not be emptied upon lifting, or some tanks may be left empty upon filling of the ballast tanks, or again alternatively, the timing of the opening sequence of the ballast tanks may be controlled, such that the vessel before, during and after the lifting operation is maintained in a state without trim or list.
  • the locking device may be formed by hydraulic cylinders or explosive bolts, or any other controlled opening device for releasing of the hatches.
  • Each ballast tank may be connected to a water inflow duct.
  • the tanks may be filled via the inflow duct at the desired rate, which may be relatively slow.
  • each tank is provided with a valve, which may be closed to selectively fill some tanks while leaving others completely or partially empty for compensating for an offset in the center of gravity of the object to be lifted.
  • an outflow guiding structure may be placed near the outflow openings extending transversely to the wall of the hull for transporting the ballast water away from the hull.
  • the outflow guiding structures may be formed by gutters or tubes extending beyond the hull for controlling the outflow and for placing the impact position of the ballast water on the water surface at the position away from the hull.
  • the hulls of the vessel will be subject to repulsive forces, which may be taken up by the vertical legs of the portal crane structure.
  • the vertical legs on each side of the hull comprise a connecting plate which extends alongside of the hull for transmitting transverse forces from the hull to the vertical legs.
  • the U-shaped lifting frame contributes to the mechanical stiffness of the vessel of the present invention.
  • the hulls of the vessel may be interconnected at the fore end or at the aft end via one or more transverse beams located above water level.
  • These anti-splitting/torsion beams absorb the torsion forces created by the relative motion between the two hulls due to wave-induced motions. Besides, the anti-splitting/torsion beams will help to counteract separation forces caused by lifting.
  • By placing the transverse beams above the waterline symmetry in buoyancy is provided between the fore and after part of the vessel and water resistance during sailing is reduced while seagoing stability is improved. On top of the transverse beams, accommodation facilities and life support systems can be positioned.
  • the structures to be lifted will be suspended from lifting cables of a lifting device placed on the transverse leg.
  • the horizontal position of the lifting devices which may comprise a trolley, may be varied.
  • the lifting cables provide a natural damping of the heavy weight suspended therefrom by the relatively long length and the inherent elasticity of the cables in view of the pendulum movement of the load suspended from the cables.
  • the main lifting operation will be performed by the gravity-induced deballasting whereas the lifting cables may be operated to fine tune the position of the lifted structure relative to the lifting frame.
  • a gripping arm On each cable a gripping arm may be provided which has attachment members which may be displaceable in length direction of the vessel for fine tuning the position of the lifted structure in order to optimize the position of the center gravity with respect to the center of buoyancy of the vessel.
  • Fig. 1 shows a lifting vessel 1 according to the present invention.
  • the vessel 1 has is self-propelled and dynamically positioned.
  • the offshore construction market experiences a need for the installation and commissioning of vertically anchored floating or guyed platforms in deep water as well as the de-commissioning and removal of existing platforms in shallow to medium water depths.
  • the multi-purpose heavy lift vessel 1 of the present can operate on a worldwide basis to transport and install complete platform topside in one piece from shore to the desired location, where its lifting capability effectuates the installation on a supporting floating structure in the single lifting operation.
  • the removal of topsides in a single lift and transport to a shore base the construction facility can be executed with the same vessel.
  • the vessel 1 is a catamaran type structure with two parallel hulls 2, 3.
  • the hulls define an opening 4 therebetween, which extends from the fore part 5 of the vessel 1 to the aft part 6. If so desired, the part 6 can function as fore part and part 5 as aft part.
  • the hulls 2, 3 are interconnected via an anti-splitting/torsion beam 7 at the aft part 6 and by two portal crane structures S, 9.
  • the portal crane structures 8, 9 are provided with hoists 12, 13 movable in a transverse direction indicated by the arrow A along transverse legs 14, 15 of portal crane structures 8, 9.
  • a number of ballast tanks 16, 17, 18, 19 is situated on the deck of the vessel.
  • Each ballast tank has an outflow opening closeable via a watertight hatch 20, which is closed by a releasable locking device 21.
  • the locking devices 21 are controlled by a control unit 22 for a controlled opening of the hatches 20.
  • the locking devices 21 are connected to the control unit 22 via schematically indicated data transmission lines 30, 31, which may be cables, optical fibers or a radiographical or acoustical transmission means.
  • a pump 24 and a water supply duct 25 may be provided with outlets 26, 27 connecting to each ballast tanks 16, 17, 18, 19.
  • the ballast tanks 16-19 may be opened or closed at the top.
  • the symmetric layout of the vessel ensures that no trim and/or list occurs when lifting a heavy load.
  • the torsion forces created by the relative motion between the two hulls 2, 3, due to wave-induced motion and separation forces, caused by the lifting operations, will be taken up by the portal cranes 8, 9 and the transverse beam 7.
  • the beam 7 is placed above the waterline, symmetry in buoyancy between the fore part 5 and the aft part 6 of the vessel is maintained and water resistance during sailing is decreased.
  • portal crane 8 is provided with two vertical legs 33, 34, which may have a height of for instance 80 meters.
  • Two hoists 12, 12' can move along transverse leg 14 and each hoist comprise a winch 35, a lifting cable 36 and lifting arm 37.
  • the vessel 1 is sailed over the top structure, while one or more of the ballast tanks 16-19 on each hull 2, 3 are filled with water.
  • the lifting arms 37 are lowered from cable 36 and are engaged with legs 39 of top structure 40 via a clamping mechanism. Thereafter, the legs 39 are disconnected from the support jacket by known separation techniques, such as cutting or blow torching.
  • the hatches 20 of the ballast tanks which are located above water level W, are opened such that a rapid outflow of ballast water from the tanks is effected.
  • Special care is taken that the timing of the opening of the ballast tanks for the hulls 2, 3 occurs simultaneously such that no listing or trimming occurs during the lifting operation.
  • a lifting height of 2.5 meters can be reached during which the cables 36 perform no active lifting function.
  • the top structure 40 remains suspended from the cables 36 which provide a damping horizontal pendulum motion in view of their long length dampening the wave-induced motions of the structure 40.
  • the vessel can sail to a docking position or to a position of transfer of the complete top structure 40.
  • the winches 12 are operated to lower the structure 40 to a position in which the lifting arms 37 can be disengaged.
  • the winches 35 maybe laid out only for lowering the load 40, but can, if so desired be also tailored to raise the load.
  • the center of gravity of the structure 40 is positioned in vertical line with the center of buoyancy of the vessel 1. This can be effected by placing the hoists 12 in their desired position along transverse arm 14 and by positioning the lifting arms 37 in the proper transverse position. When no load 40 is lifted, the hoists 12 can be skidded out of the way to a non-operative position.
  • hydraulic dampers 41 may be extended to provide a horizontal damping force upon impact with the vertical legs 33, 34.
  • the dampers 41 may be extended such as to resiliently engage with legs 33, 34 to reduce the stroke of the load 40, and to reduce the forces on the load.
  • each ballast tank 16, 17 is controlled via the control unit 22.
  • the hatches 20, 20' of ballast tanks on hulls 2, 3, which are located at the same longitudinal position, can be opened in synchronism to prevent listing and heeling upon outflow of the contents.
  • control unit 22 can open all ballast tanks 16-19 simultaneously or can provide for a timing difference between opening of ballast tanks 16-19 to compensate for an offset in the center of gravity of the load 40 from the center of buoyancy of the vessel 1.
  • ballast tanks 16-19 For filling the ballast tanks 16-19, seawater is supplied via pump 24 through duct 25. Duct 25 may be provided for each ballast tank 16-19 with a valve 42, which may be controlled by the control unit 22. Opening or closing of the valves 42 allows for selectively filling the ballast tanks and leaving same ballast tanks fully or partly filled with ballast water.
  • the position of the vessel 1 in the water before, during and after release of the ballast water can be adjusted such as to achieve a position without trim and without list at all times.
  • Fig. 4 shows a detail of two ballast tanks 43, 44, each having an outflow opening 45 which is closed by a watertight hatch 46.
  • the hatch 46 can hinge around hinges 47 at the lower end of the hatch 46.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 48 operated via the control unit 22, can interlock with an eye 49 on the tanks 43, 44, such as to maintain the hatch 46 in a closed position. Retracting cylinder 48 causes the water pressure to open the hatch 46 such that a rapid outflow of ballast water from tanks is obtained.
  • ballast tank 43 may be sloping downwardly towards the outflow opening 45 for providing a specific water outflow pattern and, hence, a desired lifting characteristics.
  • the hatch 46' hinges at the top part of the ballast tank 44.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 51 can be applied to control the degree of opening of the hatch 46' and, hence, the outflow pattern and thereby the lifting characteristics of the vessel. Cylinder 51 may again be operated via control unit 22.
  • Fig. 6 schematically shows outflow guiding structures 53, 54 connected to the outflow openings of the ballast tanks 16-19.
  • the outflow guiding structures in this case are formed by tubes, which extend transversely from the vessel to guide the water from the ballast tanks to a position at the distance from the hull 3.
  • the point of impact of the water from the ballast tanks with the water surface will be remote from the vessel, such that aeration and bubble forming will not negatively impact on the buoyancy of the vessel.
  • Fig. 7 schematically shows the lifting arm 37 for attaching to a structure 40.
  • the lifting arm 37 may comprise a number of brackets 55, which can be clampingly engaged with the support frame or legs 39 of the top structure.
  • the brackets may be slidable along a frame 56 to adjust the longitudinal position of the load 40 carried by the vessel 1 and/or to position the brackets with respect to the legs 39 of the load 40.
  • the points of attachments 57 at which the cables 36 are connected are located on the centerline of the brackets 55 such that no moments are exerted on the support legs 39 upon lifting of the structure 40.
  • Fig. 8 shows the lower part of vertical leg 33, which is connected to the hull 2 along the vertical walls of said hull 2 via connecting plates 61, 62 on each side of the hull 2.
  • a stiffening force is provided by the portals 8, 9 on the hulls 2, 3 counteracting the splitting forces caused by the lifting operations and providing stiffness and torsion resistance to the combined hulls 2, 3.
  • the vessel according to the present invention provides for station keeping through a dynamic position system, which saves time by eliminating the need to run anchorlines on location.
  • One complete cycle of docking the vessel 1 at the offshore location, lowering and connecting the lifting arms 37, lifting the vessel by de-ballasting of the ballast tanks 16-19 and securing the top structure can be executed within a 24-hour period.
  • the vessel according to the present invention may as a non-limiting example have a lifting capacity of 18,000 tons and can lift loads of dimensions of 85 meters (L) x 60 meters (W) x 80 meters (H).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un navire de levage (1) comprenant une première et une seconde coque (2, 3) situées côte à côte à une distance prédéterminée, au moins un portique de levage en forme de U (8, 9) comprenant deux montants verticaux (33, 34) supportés sur une coque respective et un montant transversal (14) raccordant les montants verticaux, et un organe de connexion (12, 36, 37) destiné à fixer une structure à ce montant transversal. Chaque coque comprend, dans sa longueur, un certain nombre de ballasts (16, 17, 18, 19) au moins en partie situés au dessus de la ligne de flottaison (W). Chaque ballast comprend une ouverture d'évacuation (45) située au dessus de la ligne de flottaison (W), un élément de fermeture (20, 46) destiné à fermer l'évacuation du ballast et un dispositif de verrouillage libérable (21, 48, 51) destiné à maintenir l'élément de fermeture en position fermé, ces dispositifs de verrouillage (21, 48, 51) étant chacun connectés à une unité de commande (22) permettant de libérer ces dispositifs de verrouillage.

Claims (9)

  1. Navire de levage (1) comprenant une première et une seconde coques (2, 3) placées côte à côte à une distance prédéterminée, comprenant au moins un portique de levage en forme de U (8, 9) comportant deux jambages verticaux (33, 34) supportés respectivement par une coque et comportant un jambage transversal (14) interconnectant les jambages verticaux, et comprenant des moyens de connexion (12, 36, 37) destinés à fixer une structure au jambage transversal, caractérisé en ce que chaque coque comprend le long de la direction de sa longueur une série de réservoirs de ballast (16, 17, 18, 19) au moins partiellement situés au dessus du niveau de l'eau (E), chaque réservoir de ballast comprenant une ouverture d'écoulement (45) au dessus du niveau de l'eau, un élément de fermeture (20, 46) destiné à fermer l'ouverture d'écoulement, et un dispositif de verrouillage réversible (21, 48, 51) destiné à maintenir l'élément de fermeture en position fermée, dans lequel les dispositifs de verrouillage (21, 48, 51) sont chacun connectés à une unité de commande (22) pour l'ouverture des dispositifs de verrouillage.
  2. Navire de levage (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'unité de commande (22) est adaptée à l'ouverture des éléments de fermeture (20, 46) de façon synchrone au niveau d'une position longitudinale prédéterminée sur chaque coque (2, 3).
  3. Navire (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, ledit navire comprenant une pompe (24) et une canalisation (25) connectée à ladite pompe et à chaque réservoir de ballast (16, 17, 18, 19), dans lequel la canalisation (25) comprend une vanne (42) pour chaque réservoir (16, 17, 18, 19), ladite vanne pouvant être ouverte et fermée par l'unité de commande afin de remplir les réservoirs de ballast de façon sélective.
  4. Navire (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel entre 5 et 500 réservoirs de ballast sont mis à disposition sur chaque coque, présentant un volume entre 10 et 8000 m3.
  5. Navire (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel chaque ouverture d'écoulement (45, 50) est placée à proximité du côté de la coque (2, 3), dans lequel une structure de guidage d'écoulement (53, 54) est placée près de l'ouverture d'écoulement, s'étendant de façon transversale par rapport au côté de la coque, afin de transporter l'eau de ballast à distance de la coque.
  6. Navire (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les jambages verticaux (33, 34) présentent de chaque côté de la coque une plaque de connexion (61, 62) s'étendant le long de la coque (2,3) afin de transmettre les forces transversales de la coque vers les jambages verticaux.
  7. Navire (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les coques (2, 3) sont interconnectées par l'arrière et/ou par l'avant, par l'intermédiaire d'une ou de plusieurs poutres transversales (7), situées au dessus du niveau de l'eau (E).
  8. Navire (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins un câble de levage (36) et un dispositif de levage (12, 12') sont placés sur le jambage transversal (14).
  9. Navire (1) selon la revendication 8, un bras d'accrochage (37) étant mis à disposition sur chaque câble (36), présentant des éléments de connexion (55) mobiles le long de la direction de la longueur du navire destinés à la connexion avec la structure à lever.
EP03741655A 2002-06-28 2003-06-27 Navire de levage de charges lourdes polyvalent Expired - Fee Related EP1517831B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03741655A EP1517831B1 (fr) 2002-06-28 2003-06-27 Navire de levage de charges lourdes polyvalent

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02077581 2002-06-28
EP02077581 2002-06-28
EP03741655A EP1517831B1 (fr) 2002-06-28 2003-06-27 Navire de levage de charges lourdes polyvalent
PCT/NL2003/000479 WO2004002814A1 (fr) 2002-06-28 2003-06-27 Navire de levage de charges lourdes polyvalent

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1517831A1 EP1517831A1 (fr) 2005-03-30
EP1517831B1 true EP1517831B1 (fr) 2006-01-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03741655A Expired - Fee Related EP1517831B1 (fr) 2002-06-28 2003-06-27 Navire de levage de charges lourdes polyvalent

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1517831B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003280201A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1517831T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO20050462L (fr)
WO (1) WO2004002814A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104149952B (zh) * 2014-08-15 2017-05-10 国家深海基地管理中心 分片式载重块及其装载机构
CN105999724A (zh) * 2016-07-16 2016-10-12 罗楚丹 一种自平衡载人双层滚动球架构方法
CN113221247B (zh) * 2021-05-19 2023-09-22 大连海事大学 一种全回转起重船压载水调拨优化计算方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4024135C1 (fr) * 1990-07-30 1991-08-14 Vulkan Engineering Gmbh, 2800 Bremen, De
DE9306542U1 (de) * 1993-04-30 1993-07-01 Carl Stahl GmbH, 7334 Süßen Lasttraverse
US5403124A (en) * 1993-07-26 1995-04-04 Mcdermott International, Inc. Semisubmersible vessel for transporting and installing heavy deck sections offshore using quick drop ballast system
NL1001778C2 (nl) * 1995-11-03 1997-05-13 Allseas Group Sa Werkwijze en inrichting voor het verwijderen van een opbouw.
AU719838B2 (en) * 1996-03-12 2000-05-18 Kvaerner Oil & Gas Ltd Transportation system and installation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004002814A1 (fr) 2004-01-08
DK1517831T3 (da) 2006-04-24
AU2003280201A1 (en) 2004-01-19
EP1517831A1 (fr) 2005-03-30
NO20050462L (no) 2005-03-18

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