EP1510315A1 - Boards made of hydraulic binder, method for production of sheets made from binder and production line for said sheets - Google Patents

Abstract

A plasterboard is made in a jig mould and has a surrounding frame with two pulley wheels at one end of the frame, and two at the other end. The pulley wheels are in parallel planes. Wheels facing each other are identical. The respective wheels are linked by belts and are coupled to a cutting wire. The cutting wire bevels two opposite plasterboard edges.

Description

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing plates based on hydraulic binder and a line of production of plates based on hydraulic binder using this device.

The invention also relates to a new plate of plaster having a particular geometry.

U.S. Patent No. 4,781,558 discloses an apparatus intended for the manufacture of plasterboard comprising hollows. He proposes to realize, on a preform intended to be cut to give plasterboard, hollows by means of a drum 34 having bumps 36 (see in particular Figure 1 of this patent). The depth of the hollows is therefore determined by the dimension bumps. So, to change the depth and / or the shape of these recesses, the drum 34 should be replaced by another drum having bumps of dimension and / or different form (s). This document is particularly intended for the realization of a particular surface condition plasterboard; he is not mentioned particular application for the realization of a imprint as a thinned transversely by relative to the axis of the plate, on the back of it (know the face here above).

In U.S. Patent No. 2,991,824, fingerprints 51A, 51B are made in a preform intended to be cut to give plasterboard, by means (see in particular Figure 1 and column 3, lines 29 to 43 of this patent) of a strip 20 rotating around two rollers 21 and having a protuberance 25. The preform is then cut in the middle of the footprints so produce thin-tipped end plates or thinned edges transverse.

In US Pat. No. 2,246,987, fingerprints are made in a preform intended to be cut to give drywall, by means (see in particular FIGS. 1 and 7) of a strip 20 comprising a plurality of protuberances 23,38. In a mode of realization, fingerprints are taken from both sides of the plate at the same time.

In this case too, to change the dimensions and / or the shape of the imprints, it would be necessary to replace band 20 with another band having protuberances of different size and / or shape (s).

The invention aims to solve the problem of making impressions in a preform while offering the ability to change easily and quickly the size and / or shape of these impressions.

The invention also aims to solve the problem of making impressions in a preform, according to a process generally of the type described in U.S. Patent No. 2,991,824, allowing the realization thintened tips or transversely thinned edges satisfactory.

The invention thus provides a new binder plate hydraulic with a siding on each of its faces, having on one side two first thinned edges parallel (10) and on the other side two other ends thinned or parallel transverse thinned edges (25a) perpendicular to the first.

The invention also provides a method of construction of a partition using this plate, as well as a process and a device for manufacturing this plate.

The invention also provides a method and binder plate making devices hydraulic having four thinned edges on the same face.

• un bâti ;
• deux premières poulies supportées à une première extrémité du bâti et deux secondes poulies à une seconde extrémité du bâti ; les premières poulies et secondes poulies étant dans des plans parallèles ; les poulies en regard l'une de l'autre étant identiques ;
• deux courroies de transmission entourant respectivement les premières poulies et les secondes poulies ;
• au moins un fil fixé de façon amovible aux courroies et s'étendant entre ces courroies, de telle sorte que son axe longitudinal soit parallèle à l'axe de rotation des poulies.

More specifically, the invention uses in particular an apparatus for producing an impression or reservation on a preform based on hydraulic binder. This apparatus therefore comprises at least:

• a building;
• first two pulleys supported at a first end of the frame and two second pulleys at a second end of the frame; the first pulleys and second pulleys being in parallel planes; the pulleys facing one another being identical;
• two transmission belts respectively surrounding the first pulleys and the second pulleys;
• at least one wire removably attached to the belts and extending between these belts, so that its longitudinal axis is parallel to the axis of rotation of the pulleys.

Thanks to this device, you just need to detach the removable means and replace them with others having a size and / or shape different (s) to change the size and / or shape impressions made in the preform.

In addition, the use of such a device makes it possible to easily vary the spacing between two impressions and therefore the length of the plates.

The subject of the invention is also a method of manufacture of a plate based on hydraulic binder to from a preform intended to be cut, this method including a step in which one realizes, at means of an apparatus according to the invention, an impression in the preform.

This method has the advantage of making it possible obtaining plates with thinned edges, plate in which the transverse thinned edges can be of same side as the classic thinned edges or the side opposite.

Finally, the invention furthermore relates to a line of production of plates based on hydraulic binder to from a preform comprising a facing material covered with a hydraulic binder composition and supported by a conveyor belt (or forming). This production line also the advantage of allowing the production of plates with edges thinned.

• la figure 1 représente schématiquement et en perspective, l'appareil selon l'invention ;
• la figure 2 représente schématiquement et en coupe l'assemblage d'un fil sur un maillon de chaíne ;
• la figure 3 représente schématiquement un axe pince-fil ;
• la figure 4 représente schématiquement et en vue de dessus une pièce-support montée sur un maillon de chaíne ;
• la figure 5 représente schématiquement la pièce-support de la figure 4 en vue de face ;
• la figure 6 représente schématiquement une étape d'un procédé de fabrication de plaques à base de liant hydraulique ;
• la figure 7 représente schématiquement une autre étape d'un procédé de fabrication de plaques à base de liant hydraulique ;
• la figure 8 représente une plaque que l'on peut obtenir avec le procédé selon l'invention ;
• la figure 9 représente une autre plaque que l'on peut obtenir avec le procédé selon l'invention ;
• la figure 10 illustre une étape intermédiaire optionnelle d'un procédé de fabrication de plaques à base de liant hydraulique ;
• la figure 11 représente schématiquement et en perspective, une partie de la ligne de production de plaques à base de liant hydraulique ;
• la figure 12 représente schématiquement et en vue de dessus, un dispositif pour l'introduction de lattes sous une préforme à base de liant hydraulique ;
• la figure 13 représente schématiquement et en vue de côté, le dispositif de la figure 12 ;
• la figure 14 représente schématiquement et en vue de côté une variante du dispositif de la figure 12 ;
• la figure 15 représente schématiquement et en coupe, un détail du dispositif de la figure 12 illustrant l'introduction d'une latte sous une préforme à base de liant hydraulique ;
• la figure 16 représente schématiquement une partie d'une ligne de production de plaques à base de liant hydraulique selon l'invention ; et
• les figures 17 et 18 représentent schématiquement un poussoir et son réceptacle.
• la figure 19 représente schématiquement un dispositif de formage secondaire;
• la figure 20 représente schématiquement une variante d'un dispositif de formage secondaire;
• la figure 21 représente schématiquement une plaque en liant hydraulique selon l'invention.

Other features and advantages of the invention will now be described in detail in the following description, which is given with reference to the figures, in which:

• Figure 1 shows schematically and in perspective, the apparatus according to the invention;
• Figure 2 shows schematically and in section the assembly of a wire on a chain link;
• Figure 3 schematically shows a pin-wire axis;
• Figure 4 shows schematically and in plan view a support piece mounted on a chain link;
• Figure 5 shows schematically the support part of Figure 4 in front view;
• FIG. 6 schematically represents a step of a process for manufacturing plates based on hydraulic binder;
• Figure 7 schematically shows another step of a method of manufacturing plates based on hydraulic binder;
• Figure 8 shows a plate that can be obtained with the method according to the invention;
• Figure 9 shows another plate that can be obtained with the method according to the invention;
• Figure 10 illustrates an optional intermediate step of a hydraulic binder based plate manufacturing method;
• Figure 11 shows schematically and in perspective, a part of the production line of hydraulic binder based plates;
• Figure 12 shows schematically and in top view, a device for the introduction of slats under a preform based on hydraulic binder;
• Figure 13 shows schematically and in side view, the device of Figure 12;
• Figure 14 shows schematically and in side view a variant of the device of Figure 12;
• Figure 15 shows schematically and in section, a detail of the device of Figure 12 illustrating the introduction of a lath under a preform based on hydraulic binder;
• Figure 16 schematically shows a portion of a production line of hydraulic binder based plates according to the invention; and
• Figures 17 and 18 schematically show a pusher and its receptacle.
• Figure 19 schematically shows a secondary forming device;
• Figure 20 schematically shows a variant of a secondary forming device;
• Figure 21 schematically shows a hydraulic binder plate according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION APPARATUS ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION

The apparatus according to the invention is represented by schematically in Figure 1.

It has a frame 101 that is H-shaped, but which the person skilled in the art could easily give many other forms.

On this frame 101 are supported, at a first end 104, first two pulleys 102 and 103 and, at a second end 107, two second pulleys 105 and 106.

The first pulleys 102,103 are in a foreground, the second 105,106 pulleys in a second plane and the foreground is parallel to the background.

The pulley 102 and the pulley 105 are of the same size and located opposite each other.

The pulley 103 and the pulley 106 are likewise dimension and located opposite each other.

The pulleys 102, 103, 105 and 106 can turn on themselves.

A first transmission belt 108 surrounds the first pulleys 102,103 and a second belt of transmission 109 surrounds the second pulleys 105,106.

The transmission belts 108 and 109 are identical. They are connected to each other by least one thread 111.

This wire 111 is fixed in a removable manner to the first and second belts 108, 109 and so that its longitudinal axis is parallel to the axis of rotation of the pulleys.

So when one of the pulleys, for example the pulley 102, turns, it drives the belt of transmission 108 which itself drives the other pulley located in the same plane as it (the pulley 103) as well than the elongated form means 110. The latter moves then according to the trajectory defined, on the one hand, by the loop constituted by the belt 108 and, secondly, as it is connected to the second belt 109, also by the loop constituted by the latter.

The symmetry of the apparatus according to the invention allows therefore at the axis of the wire 111 to move according to an ellipse, its axis remaining constantly parallel to that of pulleys.

It can be expected that two pulleys located one in facing each other are fixed on the same tree.

The apparatus may also include means for rotating at least one of the pulleys. These means can possibly lead to two pulleys by means of the tree on which they are mounted.

The wire 111 generally has a shape cylindrical but it can take a large number of forms of which we may mention the forms parallelepiped, prismatic, the shape of a plate, etc.

It can be fixed for example by screwing on the transmission belts so that they can be unscrewed and easily replaced by another means of form elongate.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, several wires 111 are arranged parallel to one another to others, along the transmission belts 108 and 109 (see Figure 1) and removably attached. They are preferably spaced from each other.

The pulleys are preferably gear wheels and the transmission belts of the chains being able cooperate with these gears.

The fixing of the wires can then be carried out as illustrated in Figure 2.

In this figure 2, we can see a 111 wire maintained to a chain link 112 by means of a support piece 113 and a thread pin axis 114.

This last replaces, in the chain link 112, one of the roller carrier axes conventionally used.

• une extrémité filetée 115,
• une partie généralement cylindrique et lisse 116, apte à s'introduire dans le rouleau du maillon de chaíne 112 en vue de remplacer l'axe porte-rouleau utilisé classiquement,
• une partie lisse également généralement cylindrique et lisse 117, de diamètre généralement supérieur à celui de la partie 116 et apte à s'introduire dans le perçage 118 de la pièce support 113 (voir figures 4 et 5),
• une tête 119, et
• un alésage central 120 usiné généralement à partir de la tête 119, pouvant s'étendre jusqu'à la partie 116 et destiné à recevoir le fil 111.

The pin-thread axis 114 is shown in detail in FIG. 3. It comprises, in the order:

• a threaded end 115,
• a generally cylindrical and smooth part 116, able to be introduced into the roller of the chain link 112 in order to replace the roller holder axis conventionally used,
• a smooth, generally cylindrical and smooth part 117, of a diameter generally greater than that of the part 116 and able to be introduced into the bore 118 of the support part 113 (see FIGS. 4 and 5),
• a head 119, and
• a central bore 120 machined generally from the head 119, which can extend to the portion 116 and intended to receive the wire 111.

The support member 113 is visible in FIGS. and 5.

It comprises the bore 118 able to cooperate with the corresponding part 117 of the pin-thread axis 114 and a bore 121 opening into the bore 118. This bore 121 is threaded so that one can screw a pressure screw 122 for compressing the wire 111 present inside the bore 118 for the purpose of hold firmly (see Figure 2).

Thus, to fix a thread 111 on the chain link 112, the assembly of FIG. simply introduce the part 117 of the pin-wire axis 114 in the support piece 113, to remove the bearing pin from normal roll of the link 112, to introduce into the axis of the roll part 116 of the pin-thread pin 114, to tighten the whole by aiming a nut 123 on the end 115 of the wire gripper axis 114, to introduce the wire 111 into the central bore 120 of the yoke pin 114 and y hold firmly by screwing the set screw 122 in the threaded bore 121 until it compresses effectively the thread 111.

Of course, the pin-thread axis 114 is mounted such that so that his head 119 is on the inside of the chain, that is to say turned towards the other chain.

The support member 113 preferably comprises two pairs (bore 118, threaded bore 121), spacing between the axes of the holes 118 corresponding to the normal spacing between the axes of the rollers of a chain link 112, so that two wires 111 can be maintained on the same link 112, as can be deduced from Figures 4 and 5.

By thus disposing of several support parts 113 identical on neighboring links, we arrive at parallel align several wires 111 so as to constitute the means of elongated form.

We could use for the realization of fingerprints another known device, for example the one subject of U.S. Patent No. 2,991,824.

PROCESS ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION

The apparatus according to the invention can be used in a process for manufacturing binder-based plates hydraulic, to make an impression in the preform intended to be cut to give the plates based on hydraulic binder.

The preform is then preferably cut at the level from the imprint or the opposite of where was made this impression (that is to say on the other side of the preform).

The apparatus according to the invention can be used in a method of manufacturing gypsum boards with edges thinned.

1) on coule sur un matériau de parement (1) supporté par un tapis transporteur (7), une composition de liant hydraulique (2) de façon à obtenir une préforme (5), puis on introduit sous la préforme (5), une latte (6,23) dont la longueur est au moins environ égale à la largeur de la préforme (5);

2) on laisse la prise hydraulique de la composition de liant hydraulique (2) s'effectuer (2) et on retire ladite latte (6,23);

3) on coupe la préforme (5) au niveau de l'amincissement (8) créé par la latte (6,23) .

Such a method is illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 10. It comprises the following steps:

1) pouring on a facing material (1) supported by a conveyor belt (7), a hydraulic binder composition (2) so as to obtain a preform (5), and then introduced under the preform (5), a batten (6,23) whose length is at least approximately equal to the width of the preform (5);

2) the hydraulic setting of the hydraulic binder composition (2) is allowed to proceed (2) and said batten (6.23) is removed;

3) cutting the preform (5) at the level of thinning (8) created by the slat (6,23).

This method of manufacturing binder-based plates hydraulic and tapered edges will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 6 to 15. Next, will be described the use of the apparatus according to the invention in this process.

First of all, it is stated that by "edges "transversal", in this presentation we mean the edges perpendicular to the direction of travel of the carpet carrier in a plate production line at hydraulic binder base. Such transverse edges are also called "slabs of plaque".

Referring to Figure 6, we see a line of production of plates produced by pouring on a facing material 1 of a binder composition 2 and, generally, recovery by a second facing material 3. The passage of the whole under the forming plate 4 gives a preform 5.

The hydraulic binder composition comprises preferably plaster.

Facing materials 1 and 3 can be consisting of sheets of paper or cardboard, mats of glass or any material known to those skilled in the art as being able to be used as facing material.

After the exit of the preform 5 from under the plate of forming ("forming plate") 4 or under the equivalent device used in the production line (for example, a forming roll called in English "Master roll"), a batten 6 is introduced between the preform 5 and the beginning of the conveyor belt 7. The distance between the forming plate 4 and the beginning of the carpet carrier 7 is such that the preform 5 does not have still had time to substantially harden and present still a great plasticity. The introduction is carried out in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the latte 6 is substantially perpendicular to the direction of moving conveyor belt 7.

The batten 6 is then driven by the carpet carrier 7, just like the preform 5. The grip hydraulic and hardening of the composition of plaster 2 is then carried out throughout the journey of the preform 5, designated by the arrows A.

Preferably, the withdrawal of the slat 6 takes place before the section of the preform 5.

So after a while, which corresponds to a distance traveled by the preform 5 on the carpet transporter 7, which the person skilled in the art knows how to determine in function of the speed of movement of the carpet carrier 7 and the setting time of the composition of plaster 2, the hardness of the preform 5 is sufficient to that the batten 6 can be removed without deforming it preform 5 and without the composition of plaster 2 comes fill the space or thinning 8 (Figure 7) left by removal of the batten 6.

The withdrawal of the slat 6 can be carried out according to any appropriate way. For example, when the length of the batten 6 is greater than the width of the preform 5, the slat 6 protrudes from the preform 5, and can be removed quickly according to a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction moving the conveyor belt 7 and moving away of the last. This withdrawal action is illustrated by arrow B in FIG.

The removal of the slat 6 can also occur by the fall of this slat 6 in the space between two constituent rollers of conveyor belt system which, in general, is not continuous throughout the production line but is formed by several mats driven by rollers between which there are free spaces.

After removing the slat 6, the preform 5 continues to move, always driven by the carpet carrier 7 and the hardening of the composition of plaster 2 continues.

As can be seen in Figure 7, when the thinning 8 arrives at the level of the cutting device generally consisting of a roll with a knife 9, it starts and cuts the preform 5. On thus obtains a plate 9a, visible in FIG. whose length is defined by the distance traveled by the conveyor belt between two cutting operations, that is to say, according to the invention, by the distance traveled by the conveyor belt between two consecutive thinning 8. This plate 9bis presents therefore two thinned transverse edges 10.

Preferably, the cutting device is set from so that the knife 9 cuts the preform 5 approximately in the middle of thinning 8.

The size of each thinning 8 depends on the dimensions of the batten 6. The latter is usually a parallelepiped whose thickness is generally between 0.5 and 4 mm, preferably between 1.5 and 4 mm. Its width is generally between 5 and 20 cm and its length is at least about equal to the width of the preform 5 (possibly diminished by the width of the longitudinal strips "tape" present if necessary), but in general superior in order to be able to seize it for remove it from under the preform 5. In addition, it is desirable that the batten 6 is of greater length to the width of the preform 5, so as to protrude compared to this one, which can facilitate its withdrawal.

The constituent material of the slats 6 is of little importance, moment that it allows these slats to withstand the weight of the thickness of preform 5 which is above each slat 6. So it can be a plastic material, wood, metal, etc. with good resistance to wear and stability over time.

Preferably, the process which has just been described comes in addition to a known method of manufacturing plasterboard having two longitudinal edges thinned. The latter generally provides for the establishment of a tape, usually plastic, called generally "tap", on each longitudinal side of the conveyor belt 7. Such a process is described by example in European Patent Application No. 482,810.

This therefore makes it possible to obtain a binder-based plate 11 as shown in FIG. 9, having, in addition to its two transverse edges thinned 10, two edges longitudinal thinned, totaling four edges thinned.

It goes without saying that if the frequency of cut is double that of the introduction of slats 6, plates having 3 thinned edges (two longitudinal and transverse).

The length of gypsum board manufactured depends of course the speed of movement of the carpet carrier and the frequency of cutting operations.

The frequency of cutting operations is generally directly related to the frequency of introduction of slats, because one generally seeks to obtain plates having two thinned transverse edges.

This process is very flexible because, to change the length of the plates manufactured, it is enough simply to modify the frequency of introduction of the slats.

The method just described uses the apparatus according to the invention to make an impression in the preform intended to be cut to give the plates to hydraulic binder base.

Thus, according to the invention and as is apparent from the FIG. 10, before introducing the slat 6, by means of an apparatus according to the invention, an impression 12 in the preform 5 the opposite of where he is planned to introduce slat 6, or an imprint 12bis to the place where it is planned to introduce this slat 6.

This makes it possible to compensate for localized thicknesses possibly forming in the preform 5, in because of a displacement of material, when the slat 6 has an important dimension.

We can also predict the presence of a straightener 4bis of conventional type (visible in FIG. 6) downstream from where the lath 6 is introduced.

First Variant.

According to a variant, the imprint is not used in look at the introduction of a latte. In such a case, the device for producing the impression is used alone in the production line. The imprint made in the preform will lead, after the setting of the hydraulic binder, to a shape with longitudinal thinned edges traditional, and a depression corresponding to the impression. Depending on whether it is footprint 12 or 12bis, this depression is located on the opposite side to the one bearing the longitudinal thinned edges traditional, or on the same face. According to the first variant, it is preferable that it is the imprint 12, so on the opposite side to the one bearing the edges traditional longitudinal thinning. The benefits will be described below in connection with the method of construction of second work according to the invention.

PRODUCTION LINE OF PLATES BASED ON BINDER HYDRAULIC

The apparatus according to the invention can be used in a production line of binder-based plates from a preform 5 comprising a facing material 1 covered with a composition of hydraulic binder 2 and supported by a carpet carrier 7.

So that the apparatus according to the invention can be used optimally on the production line of plates based on hydraulic binder, the distance between the drive belts of this unit being at less than the width of the preform 5. Thus, these belts and pulleys are located on each side longitudinal of the preform.

In addition, the apparatus according to the invention is appropriate manner so that when his belts transmission turn, its elongated medium creates a impression in the preform 5.

The apparatus according to the invention can be above the preform 5, in this case, it creates the imprint 12 or under the preform 5, in which case it creates the imprint 12a.

For practical reasons, it is preferable that the apparatus according to the invention is located above the preform 5.

Of course, one could expect two (or more) apparatus according to the invention, one being located above and the other below the preform, so as to create respectively, a footprint 12 on the top of the preform 5 and a footprint 12bis on the underside of the preform 5 (see Figure 10), the underside of the preform 5 being the side of this preform 5 which rests on the carpet carrier 7.

The cutting device can be set to cut the preform at the level of an impression 12.

If we are dealing with an imprint 12bis made on the underside of the preform, the cutting device can be set to cut the preform away from the place where this impression 12a was made.

Preferably, the plate production line hydraulic binder base is a production line of plates with thinned edges. Such a line will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 6 to 15. Then will be described how we use the apparatus according to the invention in this line.

In Figure 11 is shown a part of a production line of binder-based plates hydraulic.

So we can see a slatted shop 20 formed of a horizontal rectangular surface 21 from the corners from which rise vertically and in parallel, four angular pieces 22, shaped angle and turned towards each other, so as to frame a pile of slats 23.

The dimensions of this slatted store 20 are such it can store a high number of slats 23 (see also Figures 12 and 13).

The horizontal surface 21 of the slat magazine 20 is supported by feet 24.

At the level of the first slat 23, that is to say located at the bottom of the pile, are arranged parallel two cylinders 26, which are oriented in order to extract the first slat 23 from the stack in the pushing and sliding it towards an inclined plane 27 consisting of an inclined surface 28 down and a flange 29 at the bottom to hold the latte which has just been extracted and guide it later.

At the transverse side 30 of the inclined plane 27, that is to say the opposite side to the conveyor belt 7, a cylinder 31 is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis inclined plane 27, so that the actuation of this cylinder 31 can give an impetus to the latte which has just been extracted from the latte magazine 20. La latte so propelled can then move by sliding parallel to the longitudinal axis of the inclined plane 27, whose rim 29 guides it towards a second inclined plane 32 which extends the first inclined plane 27, on the transverse opposite the side 30. This second inclined plane 32 also consists of an inclined surface 33 provided a rim 34 at its lower part. It includes in in addition to a stop 35 at its end opposite to the jack 31, this stop being generally constituted of a pneumatic damper and being intended to put a term to the displacement of the slat propelled by the jack 31.

The flange 34 is provided with openings 36 opposite of which are arranged two cylinders 37 oriented to propel the lath positioned on the second inclined plane 32 upwards of inclined surface 33.

The first inclined plane 27 and the second plane inclined 32 are supported by feet, respectively, 38 and 39.

According to a variant that can be seen in FIG. flat surface 40 is provided parallel to the surface 23, between the latter and the first inclined plane 27 to support horizontally a slat extracted from the slatted shop 20 before its descent on the surface inclined 28 of the first inclined plane 27.

Thus, as can be seen in Figure 15, the foot height 24, 35 and 36 is chosen so a slat positioned on the second inclined plane 32 is at a lower height than the preform 5.

• l'axe longitudinal du rebord 34 du deuxième plan incliné 32 est perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du tapis transporteur ;
• les moyens 32,33,34,35 pour supporter la latte déplacée se situent en face du début du tapis transporteur 7 ; et
• la surface inclinée 33 du deuxième plan incliné 32 est adjacente au tapis transporteur 7.

In general :

• the longitudinal axis of the flange 34 of the second inclined plane 32 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor belt;
• the means 32,33,34,35 for supporting the displaced lath are opposite the beginning of the conveyor belt 7; and
• the inclined surface 33 of the second inclined plane 32 is adjacent to the conveyor belt 7.

The length of the second inclined plane 32 is at least equal to that of slat 23, that is to say at least equal to, and preferably greater than, the width of the preform 5.

In this way, as can be understood by Referring to FIG. 10, when the cylinders 37 are actuated, the batten lying on the second plane tilted 32 is pushing up the surface inclined 33, that is to say towards the conveyor belt 7 and the preform 5, and she gets stuck between these past and driven by them.

The difference between the length of the slat and the width of the preform 5 makes it possible to grasp the lath and remove once the gypsum composition hardened.

The production line according to the invention comprises usually electronic means that control his functioning and allow, where appropriate, to enslave between them the implementations of different operations.

These electronic means provide that after the introduction of a slat under the preform by the actuation of the cylinders 27, the actuator 31 is actuated to introduce a new latte on the second plane inclined 32, then the cylinders 26 are actuated to introduce another slat on the first inclined plane 27, and so on. Electronic means can vary the frequency of these operations to reduce or increase the length of gypsum boards thinned produced.

Figure 16 shows part of a line of production according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.

We can see on this figure that the line of production includes a variant of the apparatus according to the invention.

This device, which is seen in profile in the figure 16, includes four first gear wheels 201,202,203,204 supported by a frame 205 and surrounded by a chain 206 constituted by links, of which some, the links 207 each support 2 wires, as indicated in connection with FIG.

This device is symmetrical with respect to a plane vertical aligned with the direction of travel of the preform 5. Thus, the threads held by the links 207 extend transversely with respect to the preform 5 to a second chain, identical to the chain 206, and which surrounds second gear wheels identical to first gears 201,202,203,204.

The appliance is equipped with an electric motor 209 driving in rotation by means of a belt 211 the shaft 210 on which are mounted the wheel 203 and its symmetrical wheel. The rotation of these wheels causes the that of the chain 206 in the direction indicated by the arrow D.

This preform 5 is obtained in a known manner by introduction of the hydraulic binder paste according to the arrow E between the first cladding material 2 and the second facing material 3 and passage of the whole between the upper plateaux 214 and lower 215 of forming the apparatus.

The distance between the gears 201,202,203,204 and their symmetrical wheels is at least equal to that of the preform 5 so that these gears do not touch not this preform 5.

The apparatus according to the invention is fixed at a height appropriate for the operation of the line of production, the displacement of the chain 206 resulting that of the son connected to the link 207, these son pass in the forming plate, that is to say between the trays 214 and 215 and protrude downward from the top plate 214. The space occupied by these wires between the upper plate 114 and the second material of siding 3 is then reflected at this location by a thinning of the thickness of the preform 5.

It goes without saying that the operation of the engine is adjusted so that the chain 206 moves to the same speed as the preform 5 when the wires pass between trays 214 and 215. The wires accompany then the preform 5 over a few centimeters and, at moment when he separates from her to go up turning around the wheel 204 they leave an imprint in the upper part of the preform 5.

Since it is easy to vary the speed of movement of the chain 206 by acting on the engine operation, we can easily modify the spacing between two footprints and therefore the length of plates.

According to an even more advantageous embodiment of the invention, the apparatus is intended to cooperate with the slats introduction device under the preform constituted by the means 20 to 22 and 24 to 39 described above in relation to Figures 11 to 15.

The chain 206 is then provided with a thrust finger 216 which is fixed on the outer side of the chain 206, that is to say the one opposite to the one where the threads are. This pushing pin 216 has the function of striking and move the pusher 217 during the rotation of the chain 206. It can be attached to a link in the chain 206 for example in place of a roller bearing shaft of this link.

In Figure 16, we can see the inclined surface 33 the slats introduction device (FIG. 15), as well as its rim 34 and a slat 23 resting on the inclined surface 33.

In this embodiment, the cylinders 37 (FIG. 15) are replaced by pushers 217 which can take place in the openings 36 of the rim 34 (FIG. 11).

The shape of a pusher 217 is more visible on the Figures 17 and 18. This pusher includes a portion elongated ruler 218 provided at one end of a triangular shaped part rectangle 219 crossing by an axis 220 which protrudes on both sides of the part 219. The top of the right triangle is cut to give a face 221 parallel to the axis of the part in rule form 218.

Returning to Figure 16, we see that the pusher 217 can occupy two positions. In his position initial (shown in dotted lines), it is based on the plateau 215 and is turned towards the ground, so that its axis 220 is disposed transversely to the preform 5 and his face 221 is at the party bottom of the inclined surface 33, in the opening 36 from the edge 34.

When the pusher 217 is hit by the finger of thrust 216, it moves up the surface tilted 33. In doing so he pushes the latte 23 which comes then fit between the preform 5 and the mat carrier 7.

The thrust finger 216 on the chain 206 is located at a distance, compared to the wires held by the links 207, such that the slat 23 is introduced substantially opposite the location of the preform 5 where said threads have formed the impression. This has for consequence that material displacement caused by the introduction of the slat 23 is at least partially offset by the footprint. It follows that the preform present no hump at the opposite spot to where the latte 23 was introduced. This means that after withdrawal of this slat 23, the thinning obtained on the bottom of the preform 5 does not match any bump on the top of the preform 5.

The pusher 217 moved by the thrust finger 216 comes in a second position by finishing his race in a receptacle, visible in Figures 17 and 18, and which is formed by two arched pieces 222 fixed by their upper extremities on both sides of the outer end 225 of the rod 223 of a jack 224. Each side of the axis 220 of the pusher 217 is received in an arcuate part 222 and parts 219 and 218 of the push 217 can fit into the space formed between the arcuate pieces 222, under the rod 223 of the jack 224.

In FIGS. 17 and 18, the rod 223 of the jack 224 is output, to receive the pusher 217.

However, as can be seen in FIG. 16, by retracting the rod 223 of the cylinder 224 into the body of the latter, the pusher 217 is brought back above its initial position, then pulling out the rod again 223 of the cylinder 224, the pusher 217 separates from the parts arched 222 and falls back on the plateau 215. He finds himself then in his initial position with his face 221 to inside the opening 36.

It goes without saying that the dimensions of the pusher 217 are chosen so that it stays above the inclined surface 33.

The jack 224 can be fixed to the frame 205 of the device, its location and its dimensions being determined according to the pusher 217 with which it must cooperate. The cylinder 224 therefore has the function of return the pusher 217 to its initial position. Its stem 223 is normally in the extended position, waiting for receive the pusher 217.

Of course, the entire device is designed symmetrically, each of the chains being provided with a pushing finger 216 cooperating each with a jack 224, and this, in a synchronized way.

Electronic and pneumatic means (or possibly hydraulic) of the production line control the operation of the production apparatus footprints and slats introduction device under the preform constituted by means 20 to 22 and 24 to 39 described above, so that once the pusher 117 returned to its initial position and the rod 223 of the cylinder 224 again out, a new slat 23 can be slipped on the inclined plane 33.

It can be expected that the actuation of the cylinder 224 is determined by detection for example by means of of a photoelectric sensor, the passage of a pin or finger attached to a suitable place on the chain 206, by example in the same way as the push finger 216, this ergot playing the role of flag, that is to say that when detected by the photoelectric sensor arranged at a suitable place on the production line or the apparatus, the electronic means control the return of the rod 223 of the cylinder 224 in the body of the cylinder, this return entailing, as explained above, the return of the pusher 217 to its initial position. of the limit sensors of cylinder 224, can then, once the rod 223 returned, cause a new actuation of the jack 224 to pull out its rod 223, which drops the pusher 217 to its original position.

The frame 205 of the apparatus according to the invention can, as shown in Figure 16, to be trays 214 and 215. It follows that the apparatus according to the invention can be used in place of a forming flat or a master roll that is used classically.

Second variant.

This variant corresponds to the case where the latte is introduced not before the first forming strip, but between the first and the second forming strip (or possibly between the second and the third band of forming, where appropriate). We will remind here that the carpet carrier 7 is usually divided into several elements called forming bands. The forming strip 1 is the one in the lead. A classic conveyor belt generally comprises 2 or 3 or even 4 forming strips. These, as indicated above, include "tap" to form the longitudinal thinned edges.

The other elements remain identical (prints 12 or 12bis, as the case may be), except that the latte is introduced at a point on the line at which hydration of the hydraulic binder has begun (see below in the section on the third variant). Others constituent elements are shifted accordingly (for example the straightener 4a is shifted at or after the first roll driving the second forming strip; in this case the straightener takes the form of a roller having a peripheral speed substantially identical to that conveyor belt 7). By injecting the slat (6,23) to this level, we can have a consistency of the preform ideal at the time of this secondary forming.

It is also possible to use synchronization means as described below in the section on the third variant.

Third Variant.

This variant is represented in FIG. this one, the impression 12 made, notably by the device according to the invention is "pushed back" towards the high by a device 300 located under the preform. This system is in fact the opposite of the one No. 2,991,824. In addition, in relation to this Patent, the system for pushing the print is located downstream of the forming device. In a way advantageously, this inversion device lies between the bands 1 and 2 (but it is also possible to place it between bands 2 and 3, if applicable). These measures is placed at a point in the band at which hydration of the hydraulic binder has begun. Of preferably, this device is located at one place corresponding to 5% to 30% of the hydration, and / or place between 40 and 110m of the length of the band 7 (for example for a line with a speed of about 70 m / min).

This device 300 is placed between the strips 1 and 2, referenced 301 and 302, respectively. These bands are driven by rollers 303 and 304, respectively. The device 300 comprises on the one hand a device for secondary forming 300a. This includes, on a chassis (not shown), a 305 band, rotating to a linear velocity equal to the speed of the bands 301 and 302. This avoids slipping of the facing. Sure this band 305 is fixed one or more batten (s) of forming 306 coupled to this band 305. In what follows the description is given with reference to only one latte but according to the dimensions of the devices, wanted plates, etc., we can use several slats. This strip is mounted on rollers 307 and 308, at least one of which is preferably motorized. A plate 309 slippery plane, for example marble, is disposed between the preform and the strip 305 so that these are in contact on a flat surface. In look at this part is a "counter device" 300c. This includes, on a chassis (not shown), a band 310, rotating at a linear speed equal to the speed of the strips 301 and 302, this band 310 being mounted on rollers 311 and 312, at least one of which is preferably motorized. A plate 313 sliding plane, for example marble, is arranged opposite between the preform and the 310 band similarly to the arrangement of the plate 309 and the strip 305.

In operation, the forming slat 306 comes opposite of the upper imprint 12 in the preform. This when lath 306 passes at the same time as the preform between the two plates 309 and 313, the impression is "hunted" on the other side of the preform. We then gets a preform arriving on the tape forming 302 which has a recess corresponding to a transverse thinned edge (on the same side of the plate as the longitudinal thinned edges).

Thus, the preform passes between the two strips 305 and 310 which are preferably motorized at the speed of displacement of the preform. The preform is therefore in contact only with moving elements, so that the relative movement preform / bands is zero. There is no so no friction.

The dimensions of the device (in its length) are of the order of a few meters (typically there is contact during 5 to 10m), generally sufficient to ensure the secondary forming.

Adjustment means, not shown, of the pressure exerted by this "counter-device" may be present. These may include cylinders or counterweight likely to exert an adjustable pressure overall.

Synchronization means (not shown) are preferably provided so that the forming slat 306 secondary is substantially in front of the footprint 12. A cutting system consisting of a wheel can be used placed on the top of the preform and driven in rotation by the displacement of the latter. Wheel is graduated and coupled to a counter that operates the desired devices. You can also use a system comprising a step of marking the facing of the preform (eg a dot), and the detection of this mark and actuate the devices accordingly. Among these devices actuated by the detection of the mark, mention may be made of the making of the imprint 12 or 12a, the introduction of the batten (6,23) or the triggering the rotation of the strip 305 bearing the latte 306, cutting the preform at the end of the step forming, etc.

Another embodiment is shown at FIG. 20 (the same references as in FIG. are not repeated). In this embodiment, the device 300 further comprises a device for calibration 300c. The lath 306 is retracted when the strip 305 rotates around roll 308; the preform then enters the calibration device 300C. This one includes, on a chassis (not shown), a band 314, rotating at a linear speed equal to the speed bands 301 and 302, this band 314 being mounted on rollers 315 and 316, at least one of which is motorized preference. A plate 317 sliding plane, by marble example, is arranged between the preform and the strip 314 in a manner similar to the arrangement of the plate 309 and the band 305.

A straightener of the same type as that described for the second variant may possibly be provided.

Fourth variant.

This variant corresponds to the case where the device of Figures 19 or 20 is reversed, namely that the slat 306 is not arranged to repel the imprint and form the transverse thinned edges of the same side as the longitudinal thinned edges, but at contrary to "confirm" the impression and the reservation of form. According to this embodiment, the application of the forming slat at a stage at which the binder hydraulic started hydration allows to have as above a consistency of the ideal preform to moment of secondary forming. We obtain as in the case of the third variant a plate with four edges thinned, the longitudinal and transverse edges being on one side and the other of the plate. Advantages will be described later in relation to the method of construction of second work according to the invention.

Fifth and Sixth Variant.

These variants correspond to the cases where the imprint 12 is replaced in the second and third variants above by the imprint 12bis. We get effects that are therefore opposed.

In the variants above, the length of the slat 306 is approximately equal to the width of the preform. By elsewhere, the slat used in the invention, and especially the latte 306, can have a profile in parallelepiped, but also in the form of a triangle, in general isosceles, whose base is parallel to the carpet 7.

We could also have third and sixth modified variants. For the record, the third and sixth variants have in common that the footprint 12, respectively 12bis, is "repulsed" by a device under the preform, respectively above the preform. In the third and sixth variants, the impression is "repulsed" in its entirety, that is to say that the facing paper is substantially plane a once the impression has been "pushed back". It is possible predict that the action of consisting of pushing back impression is only partial, namely that there remains a depression on each side of the plate, one being more pronounced than the other. For example, he is possible to set the device 300 so that the ratio of depths of depressions on each side is between 1 and 10, preferably between 2 and 5. For example, for a standard BA13 plate, thick 12.5mm, the depth of depression "pushed back" side can be 4mm while the depression on the side original can be 1.5mm.

Process for constructing a second work; used plate In this one.

According to another aspect, the subject of the invention is a method of constructing the second work, using the plates with four thinned edges, two of which are thinned on one face while the other two are on the other face of the plate. Such plates can be obtained by the first variant (with the imprint 12) fourth and fifth variants, as well as the third and sixth modified variants. Such a plate is shown schematically in Figure 21. It shows that the thinned ones are arranged on each face of the plate, in the opposite way (edge thinning is on the siding side cream (10) while tip thinned are on the other side, "gray" side (25bis). The dimensions of thinned 25bis are usually of the same order of magnitude than those of thinned 25 (which corresponds to the latte dimensions in the case of the fourth or fifth variant or elongate means 110 comprising the son 111 in the case of the first variant by example). The thinned 25bis may therefore have a depth between 0.5 and 4 mm, preferably between 1.5 and 4 mm. The width can be from the thinned between 2 and 15cm, preferably between 5 and 10cm. Longitudinal thinning have the standard dimensions in art, as given by the "tapes" so classic.

a) on dispose les plaques selon l'invention (par exemple telle que représentées à la figure 21) sur une armature, les plaques étant aboutées au niveau des bords amincis;

b) on fixe les plaques sur l'armature au niveau des bords amincis;

c) on assemble les plaques entre elles avec au moins un enduit de bouchage; et éventuellement

d) on finit les joints avec un enduit complémentaire de finition.

The method of constructing a partition according to the invention comprises the following steps:

a) the plates according to the invention (for example as shown in FIG. 21) are arranged on an armature, the plates being abutted at the level of the thinned edges;

b) the plates are fixed on the frame at the thinned edges;

c) the plates are assembled together with at least one capping compound; and eventually

d) the joints are finished with a complementary finishing coating.

In step b), the transverse thinned edges, which are on the side of the plate not visible to the installer, are "returned" or "reassembled" under the effect of the fixing by screws, nails or other, because this area of the plate is tight on the frame. In doing so, they then release a thinned on the same side of the plate as the longitudinal thinned edges (or thinned edges). We then gets thinner edges at each level of junction of the plates.

Claims (20)

Hydraulic binder plate with a siding on each of its faces, comprising on one side first two parallel thinned edges (10) and on the other side two other thinned edges parallel (25bis) perpendicular to the first. Plate according to claim 1 comprising in in addition to two thinned edges parallel to the edges thinned (25bis) on the other side of the plate. Plate according to claim 1 or 2 in which the hydraulic binder is plaster. A method of constructing a partition comprising the steps of: a) the plates according to one of claims 1 to 3 are arranged on an armature, the plates being abutted at the level of the thinned edges; b) the plates are fixed on the frame at the thinned edges; c) the plates are assembled together with at least one capping compound; and eventually d) the joints are finished with a complementary finishing coating. A method of manufacturing a plate according to one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following steps: 1) pouring on a facing material (1) supported by a conveyor belt (7) comprising at least two forming strips (301,302) provided with longitudinal steps, a hydraulic binder composition (2) and covered with a second material facing so as to obtain a preform (5), then an impression (12) is made in the upper part of the preform before the first forming strip; 2) the hydraulic setting of the hydraulic binder composition (2) is allowed to proceed; and 3) the preform (5) is cut at the level of the thinning (8) created by the impression (12) into a hydraulically bonded plate with a facing on each of its faces, comprising on one face two first thinned parallel edges and on the other side two other parallel thinned edges perpendicular to the first. A method of manufacturing a hydraulic binder plate from a preform (5) to be cut, comprising the steps of: 1) pouring on a facing material (1) supported by a conveyor belt (7) comprising at least two forming strips (301,302) provided with longitudinal steps, a hydraulic binder composition (2) and covered with a second material facing so as to obtain a preform (5), then an impression (12, 12a) is made in this preform before the first forming strip; 2) the hydraulic setting of the hydraulic binder composition (2) is allowed to take place in part on at least one forming strip; 3) is introduced under the partial setting preform a lath (6.23) or (306), opposite the place or where the footprint (12,12bis) was made; 4) cutting the preform (5) at the level of thinning (8) created by the batten (6,23) or (306). The method of claim 6 wherein the taken according to step 2) corresponds to a hydration between 5 and 30%. Process according to claim 6 or 7, in which lath (6,23) or (306) is introduced after the first forming strip (301). Process according to one of Claims 6 to 8, in which the impression (12) is made in upper part of the preform and lath (306) is introduced opposite the place where the impression (12) has been made, so that form transverse thinned edges of the same side that formed longitudinal thinned edges by the longitudinal steps. Method according to one of Claims 6 to 9, wherein the slat (6,23) is removed after the complete hydraulic intake. Method according to one of Claims 6 to 9, wherein the slat (306) is removed prior to complete hydraulic intake. The method of claim 11, wherein the latte (306) is introduced for a period corresponding to 0.5 to 5% of the hydration. Method according to one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the hydraulic binder comprises plaster. Binder-based plate production line hydraulic from a preform (5) comprising a covering material (1) covered a hydraulic binder composition (2) and supported by a conveyor belt (7), comprising at least two forming belts (301,302) provided with longitudinal steps; this line further comprising a device an impression (12) of the preform before first forming strip, this impression being performed on the upper part of the preform. Binder-based plate production line hydraulic from a preform (5) comprising a covering material (1) covered a hydraulic binder composition (2) and supported by a conveyor belt (7), comprising at least two forming belts (301,302) provided with longitudinal steps; this line further comprising a device an impression (12, 12a) of the preform before first forming strip, and a device of introduction under the preform between two bands forming a slat (6,23) or (306), to the opposite of where or where the impression (12,12bis) has been made. A production line according to claim 15, wherein the imprinting device (12,12a) in a hydraulic binder preform (5) comprises at least: a frame (101); first two pulleys (102,103) supported at a first end (104) of the frame (101) and two second pulleys (105,106) at a second end (107) of the frame (101); the first pulleys (102,103) and second pulleys (105,106) being in parallel planes; the pulleys facing one (102,103) of the other (105,106) being identical; two transmission belts (108,109) respectively surrounding the first pulleys (102,103) and the second pulleys (105,106); at least one wire (111) removably attached to the belts (108, 109) and extending between said belts (108, 109) so that its longitudinal axis is parallel to the axis of rotation of the pulleys (102, 103, 105, 105); the distance between the transmission belts (108, 109, 206) of this apparatus being at least equal to the width of the preform (5) and this apparatus being suitably arranged so that when its transmission belts (108, 109, 206) are rotated, its or its wire (s) (111) creates a footprint (12 or 12a) in the preform (5). Production line according to Claim 15 or 16, in which the preforming device is inserted between two forming strips of a batten (6,23), opposite to the place or where the footprint (12,12bis) has been realized includes at least: a slatted shop (20), at least one slat (6.23); means (26) for extracting a slat (6,23) from both the slat magazine (20); means (27,28,29) for receiving the slat (6,23) extracted; means (31) for moving the extracted slat (6,23) in a direction parallel to its length; means (32,33,34,35) for supporting the displaced slat (6,23); and means (37) for sliding the batten (6,23) under the facing material (1). A production line according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the preforming means is provided between two forming strips of a slat (306) opposite the location or location where the imprint (12,12bis) has been carried out includes at least: a secondary forming device (300a), said apparatus comprising: a web (305) supporting a forming slat (306), said web being mounted on rolls (307, 308), said web sliding on a plate (309), preferably in marble, and facing the other side of the preform: a counter-device (300b) said counter-device comprising: a strip (310) mounted on rollers (311, 312), said strip sliding on a plate (313), preferably made of marble; the strips (305,310) having a linear velocity substantially equal to that of the forming belts (301,302). Production line according to claim 18, further comprising, downstream of the secondary forming device (300a) and also opposite the counter device: a calibrating device (300c) said device comprising: a strip (314) mounted on rollers (315,316), said strip sliding on a plate (317), preferably made of marble; the strip (314) having a linear velocity substantially equal to that of the forming strips (301, 302). Production line according to one of Claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the hydraulic binder comprises plaster.

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