EP1504317B1 - Spannungsversorgungsschaltung - Google Patents

Spannungsversorgungsschaltung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1504317B1
EP1504317B1 EP03729879A EP03729879A EP1504317B1 EP 1504317 B1 EP1504317 B1 EP 1504317B1 EP 03729879 A EP03729879 A EP 03729879A EP 03729879 A EP03729879 A EP 03729879A EP 1504317 B1 EP1504317 B1 EP 1504317B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
output
voltage
supply circuit
power supply
out2
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03729879A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1504317A1 (de
Inventor
Bernd Meier
Peter Völkl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1504317A1 publication Critical patent/EP1504317A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1504317B1 publication Critical patent/EP1504317B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • G05F1/575—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power supply circuit according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular for a microcontroller of a transmission control.
  • Modern microcontrollers usually require two different supply voltages of, for example, 5 volts and 3.3 volts, the two supply voltages being allowed to fluctuate only within predetermined bandwidths in order not to impair the functionality of the microcontroller. In no case may the voltage difference between the two supply voltages exceed or fall short of the maximum permissible values specified in the data sheet of the respective microcontroller. This is particularly critical during startup after power up and shutdown during the shutdown phase, since then different load currents flow and further different load capacities can be used.
  • a disadvantage of such power supply circuits is the relatively high cost, which is associated with the use of Zener diodes or power Schottky diodes.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a power supply circuit with two different output voltages, wherein the voltage difference between the two output voltages is kept with the least possible effort within a permissible bandwidth.
  • the invention includes the general technical teaching to regulate the voltage difference between the two output voltages to prevent exceeding the allowable voltage difference, whereas the two output voltages are controlled separately in the known power supply circuits.
  • the voltage supply circuit according to the invention therefore has a regulator which adjusts the voltage difference between the two output voltages to a predetermined value.
  • the controller for the regulation of the voltage difference is the input side to the two outputs of the power supply circuit and the output side connected to an actuator which adjusts the two output voltages, whereby a feedback loop is formed.
  • control unit can have two conventional linear regulators which regulate the two output voltages separately from one another in accordance with a predetermined desired value.
  • control loop for regulating the voltage difference preferably superimposes the two separate control loops for the regulation of the two output voltages.
  • the adjustment of the two output voltages takes place without feedback by a controller, the controller prescribing the control variable for the regulation of the voltage difference.
  • the control loop for controlling the voltage difference superimposes the two controllers for setting the two output voltages.
  • the regulator for regulating the voltage difference has a comparator, wherein the two inputs of the comparator are connected to the two outputs of the voltage supply circuit, so that the comparator measures the voltage difference between the two output voltages.
  • a variant of the invention provides at least one switching element, which allows a low-resistance connection of the two outputs of the two outputs of the power supply circuit in order to reduce or limit the voltage difference between the two outputs.
  • a separate switching element can be used, which is arranged between the two outputs of the power supply circuit and connects them to limit the voltage difference low impedance with each other.
  • the two switching elements are used for the low-resistance connection of the two outputs of the power supply circuit, for separate control the two output voltages are used.
  • the two output voltages are usually provided by a respective output capacitor, wherein the two output capacitors are charged via a respective switching element by an input voltage. Switching through the two switching elements thus leads to a low-resistance connection between the two outputs of the power supply circuit, which leads to a synchronization.
  • the controller for controlling the voltage difference on two comparators, which are the input side connected respectively to the two outputs of the power supply circuit.
  • One of the two inputs of the comparators is in each case connected via a reference voltage element to the associated output of the voltage supply circuit, wherein the two reference voltage elements indicate the maximum permissible voltage difference in the positive or in the negative direction.
  • the one comparator thus indicates whether the voltage difference between the two output voltages exceeds the permissible bandwidth upwards.
  • the other comparator indicates whether the voltage difference between the two output voltages falls below the permissible bandwidth downwards.
  • the output 3 of the voltage supply circuit 1 is connected to ground through two output capacitors C1, C2.
  • the output 4 is also connected through two output capacitors C3, C4 to ground to stabilize the output voltage U OUT2 .
  • the power supply circuit 1 On the input side, the power supply circuit 1 to a transistor T1, which is controlled by a pre-regulator 5, wherein the primary controller 5 inter alia has the task to limit the current.
  • the transistor T1 is connected in series with a measuring resistor R0, wherein the pre-regulator 5 measures the voltage drop across the measuring resistor R0 and blocks the transistor T1 when the current through the measuring resistor R0 rises excessively.
  • the measuring resistor is connected via a transistor T2 to the output 3 and via a transistor T3 to the output 4 of the power supply circuit.
  • the two transistors T1 and T2 switch through, then the two output capacitors C1, C2 can be charged by the input voltage U IN , which leads to an increase of the output voltage U OUT1 .
  • a blocking of the transistor T2 leads to a load-dependent discharge of the output capacitors C1, C2, as a result of which the output voltage U OUT1 drops.
  • the two output capacitors C3, C4 can be charged when the two transistors T1 and T3 are turned on, which leads to an increase of the output voltage U OUT2 . If the transistor T3 blocks, however, the output capacitors C3, C4 are discharged in dependence on the electrical load connected to the output 4, which leads to a decrease in the output voltage U OUT2 .
  • Both the output voltage U OUT1 and the output voltage U OUT2 are in this case regulated by a respective regulator, the desired value of the respective output voltage U OUT1 or U OUT2 being predetermined by a reference voltage element 6.
  • the regulator for the output voltage U OUT1 has a comparator OP1, the input side compares the output voltage U OUT1 with the predetermined setpoint and in response to the control deviation drives the transistor T2 to adjust the output voltage U OUT1 to the predetermined setpoint.
  • a voltage divider For detecting the output voltage U OUT1 a voltage divider is provided, which consists of two resistors R1, R2, which are connected in series between the output 3 of the power supply circuit 1 and ground.
  • the center tap of the voltage divider between the two resistors R1, R2 is connected to the inverting input of the comparator OP1, while the non-inverting input of the comparator OP1 is connected to the reference voltage element 6.
  • a decrease in the output voltage U OUT1 below the setpoint value specified by the reference voltage element 6 thus causes the comparator OP1 to open the transistor T2, so that the output capacitors C1, C2 can be charged.
  • the regulator for the output voltage U OUT2 on a comparator OP2 which compares the output voltage U OUT2 with a predetermined setpoint and the transistor T2 correspondingly controls to regulate the output voltage U OUT2 to the predetermined desired value.
  • a voltage divider consisting of two resistors R3, R4 is likewise provided, which is connected between the output 4 of the voltage supply circuit 1 and ground.
  • the center tap between the two resistors R3, R4 is connected to the inverting input of the comparator OP2, while the non-inverting input of the comparator OP2 is connected to the reference voltage element 6.
  • a drop in the output voltage U OUT2 below the setpoint value specified by the reference voltage element 6 thus causes the comparator OP2 to open the transistor T2 so that the output capacitors C3, C4 can be charged.
  • the setpoint values for the output voltages U OUT1 and U OUT2 are not the same, but can be determined by a suitable dimensioning of the resistors R1, R2 or R3, R4.
  • the power supply circuit 1 has a control loop in order to limit the voltage difference between the output voltage U OUT1 and the output voltage U OUT2 .
  • a comparator OP3 For measuring this voltage difference, a comparator OP3 is provided, wherein the inverting input of the comparator OP3 is connected to the output 3 of the voltage supply circuit, while the non-inverting input of the comparator OP3 is connected to the output 4 of the voltage supply circuit 1.
  • the comparator OP3 is connected to the two comparators OP1 and OP2, so that the comparator OP3 indirectly drives the two transistors T2 and T3. If the output voltage U OUT1 drops below the output voltage U OUT2 , then the comparator OP3 controls the two comparators OP1 and OP2 so that the two transistors T2 and T3 are turned on. In this case, the output 3 is short-circuited via the two transistors T2 and T3 to the output 4, whereby a synchronization of the two output voltages U OUT1 and U OUT2 is forced. On the other hand, if the output voltage U OUT1 lies above the output voltage U OUT2 , then the comparator OP3 has no influence on the two comparators OP1 and OP2.
  • the power supply circuit 1 has a transistor T4 which is connected between the output 3 and the output 4 and is driven by the comparator OP3.
  • the comparator OP3 turns on the transistor T4 when the output voltage U OUT1 falls below the output voltage U OUT2 , whereby a synchronization of the output voltages U OUT1 and U OUT2 is forced.
  • the comparator OP3 in this alternative blocks the transistor T4, so that the output voltages U OUT1 and U OUT2 are adjusted by the two comparators OP1 and OP2 to their respective desired values.
  • the power supply circuit 1 has a controllable switching element 7, which connects the output 4 to ground and thus enables a short circuit of the output voltage U OUT2 to ground. That way, the two can Output capacitors C3, C4 are completely discharged to produce after a shutdown a defined initial state for the next startup.
  • a switching of the switching element 7 also leads to a discharge of the output capacitors C1, C2, when the two transistors T2, T3 simultaneously through or when the transistor T4 conducts.
  • the control of the switching element 7 takes place here by a control unit 8, which is connected to the output 4 and compares the output voltage U OUT2 with a predetermined limit. When falling below the limit value, the control unit 8 then switches the switching element 7 so that the output capacitors C3, C4 or C1, C2 are completely discharged at the end of a switch-off phase.
  • the voltage supply circuit 1 has a conventional charge pump circuit 9, which pumps the electrical energy stored in a pump capacitor C5 several times into a buffer capacitor C6, so that the output voltage of the charge pump circuit 9 rises above the input voltage U IN .
  • the driving of the charge pump circuit 9 is effected by a conventional charge pump oscillator 10.
  • the reference voltage element 6 is a continuously increasing setpoint for the output voltages U OUT1 and U OUT2 before, the voltage increase is so slow that the two controllers OP1, OP2 for the output voltage U OUT1 and U OUT2 also at a different load on the outputs 3, 4 are able to adjust the output voltages U OU1 , U OUT2 without large deviations to the respective setpoint.
  • the slow ramp up of the setpoint for the output voltages U OUT1 , U OUT2 thus prevents the voltage difference between the output voltages U OUT1 , U OUT1 leaves the permissible range.
  • a shutdown signal is applied to the control input switch, which is connected to the comparator OP1.
  • the shutdown signal then causes the comparator OP1 to turn off the transistor T2.
  • the switch-off can also be initiated by the pre-regulator 5, when the input voltage U IN is turned off.
  • the pre-regulator 5 is therefore also connected to the comparator OP1 and controls it at the beginning of the turn-off so that the transistor T2 blocks.
  • the blocking of the transistor T2 initially leads to a load-dependent discharge of the output capacitors C1, C2 via the output 3 and thus to a decrease in the output voltage U OUT1 , which is greater than the output voltage U OUT2 at the beginning of the switch-off.
  • the output voltage U OUT2 is initially kept at its desired value by the comparator OP2 until the output voltage U OUT1 then drops below the output voltage U OUT2 as a result of the discharge of the output capacitors C1, C2.
  • the synchronization function is activated by the comparator OP3 activating the two comparators OP1, OP2 in such a way that they pass through the two transistors T2, T3.
  • the output 3 via the two transistors T2 and T3 to the output 4 of the power supply circuit short-circuited, so that a synchronization of the two output voltages U OUT1 , U OUT2 is forced.
  • the comparator OP3 at this time also controls the pre-regulator 5 so that it separates the transistor T1, so that a complete shutdown of the two output voltages U OUT1 and U OUT2 is possible.
  • the two output voltages U OUT1 and U OUT2 then decrease synchronously until a limit value specified by the control unit 8 is exceeded, whereupon the control unit 8 switches the switching element 7 so that the output capacitors C1, C2 and C3, C4 are finally short-circuited to ground, resulting in a complete discharge of the output capacitors C1-C4.
  • the required for the shutdown electrical energy is provided by the charge pump circuit 9, if the input voltage U IN has been turned off. In such case, the pre-regulator 5 turns off the charge pump oscillator 10 to save power during the turn-off operation.
  • a special feature of this embodiment is the regulation of the voltage difference between the two output voltages U OUT1 and U OUT2 .
  • the voltage supply circuit 1 has two comparators OP4 and OP5, which check whether the voltage difference between the two output voltages U OUT1 and U OUT2 leaves the permissible range.
  • the comparator OP4 checks whether the voltage difference between the two output voltages U OUT1 , U OUT2 becomes too large.
  • the non-inverting input of the comparator OP4 is connected to the output 3, while the inverting input of the comparator OP4 is connected to the output 4 via a reference voltage element 11.
  • the reference voltage element 11 in this case supplies a reference voltage U REF1 , which corresponds to the maximum permissible voltage difference between the two output voltages U OUT1 , U OUT2 .
  • the comparator OP4 is connected to the transistor T2 in order to regulate the voltage difference between the two output voltages U OUT1 and U OUT2 .
  • the comparator OP4 thus checks the following voltage condition: U OUT ⁇ 1 > U OUT ⁇ 2 + U REF ⁇ 1 ,
  • the comparator OP4 blocks the transistor T2, so that the output voltage U OUT1 does not increase any further. This ensures that the maximum permissible voltage difference U OUT1 -U OUT2 between the two output voltages remains within the limits specified by the reference voltage.
  • the comparator OP5 is intended to prevent the minimum permissible voltage difference between the two output voltages U OUT1 , U OUT2 from being undershot.
  • This is the inverting Input of the comparator OP5 connected to the output 3, while the non-inverting input of the comparator OP5 is connected via a reference voltage element 12 to the output 4.
  • the reference voltage element 12 in this case supplies a reference voltage U REF2 which corresponds to the minimum permissible voltage difference between the output voltages U OUT1 , U OUT2 .
  • the comparator OP5 is connected to the transistor T3, so that the output voltage U OUT2 is regulated as a function of the measured voltage difference.
  • the comparator OP5 checks the following voltage condition: U OUT ⁇ 1 ⁇ U OUT ⁇ 2 + U REF ⁇ 2 ,
  • the comparator OP5 blocks the transistor T3, so that the output voltage U OUT2 can not increase further. This ensures that the voltage difference between the two output voltages U OUT1 -U OUT2 remains within the limits specified by the reference voltage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
EP03729879A 2002-05-16 2003-05-09 Spannungsversorgungsschaltung Expired - Lifetime EP1504317B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10221889 2002-05-16
DE10221889 2002-05-16
PCT/DE2003/001496 WO2003098367A1 (de) 2002-05-16 2003-05-09 Spannungsversorgungsschaltung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1504317A1 EP1504317A1 (de) 2005-02-09
EP1504317B1 true EP1504317B1 (de) 2007-07-04

Family

ID=29432136

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03729879A Expired - Lifetime EP1504317B1 (de) 2002-05-16 2003-05-09 Spannungsversorgungsschaltung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7915877B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP1504317B1 (ko)
KR (1) KR101010766B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN1653401B (ko)
DE (1) DE50307614D1 (ko)
WO (1) WO2003098367A1 (ko)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1564617A1 (en) * 2004-02-11 2005-08-17 STMicroelectronics S.r.l. A method of preventing cross-conductions and interactions between supply lines of a device and a circuit for limiting the voltage difference between two regulated output voltages
KR101194833B1 (ko) * 2007-08-03 2012-10-25 페어차일드코리아반도체 주식회사 인버터 구동 장치 및 이를 포함한 램프 구동 장치
US8093953B2 (en) * 2009-03-20 2012-01-10 Analog Devices, Inc. Amplifier system with digital adaptive power boost
US20110084552A1 (en) * 2009-10-14 2011-04-14 Energy Micro AS Power Management Methodology
US9645591B2 (en) * 2014-01-09 2017-05-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Charge sharing linear voltage regulator
US9263096B1 (en) * 2014-09-04 2016-02-16 International Business Machines Corporation Voltage comparator circuit and usage thereof

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB946213A (en) 1960-11-02 1964-01-08 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric power supply arrangements
JPS55611A (en) * 1978-06-09 1980-01-07 Toshiba Corp Constant current circuit
JPS58224562A (ja) 1982-06-23 1983-12-26 Hitachi Metals Ltd 多出力スイツチング電源
US4644251A (en) * 1985-04-01 1987-02-17 Motorola, Inc. Dual voltage tracking control device
US5412308A (en) * 1994-01-06 1995-05-02 Hewlett-Packard Corporation Dual voltage power supply
KR960027207A (ko) * 1994-12-29 1996-07-22 배순훈 전원 보상 장치
US5907482A (en) * 1995-11-30 1999-05-25 Toko, Inc. Power supply control device
DE19907575A1 (de) * 1999-02-23 2000-08-24 Philips Corp Intellectual Pty Schaltungsanordnung zum Liefern eines Speisestromes
DE10031947B4 (de) * 2000-06-30 2006-06-14 Infineon Technologies Ag Schaltungsanordnung zum Ausgleich unterschiedlicher Spannungen auf Leitungszügen in integrierten Halbleiterschaltungen
US6522110B1 (en) * 2001-10-23 2003-02-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Multiple output switching regulator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50307614D1 (de) 2007-08-16
CN1653401B (zh) 2010-05-12
KR20050006227A (ko) 2005-01-15
CN1653401A (zh) 2005-08-10
WO2003098367A1 (de) 2003-11-27
US7915877B2 (en) 2011-03-29
US20050046403A1 (en) 2005-03-03
KR101010766B1 (ko) 2011-01-25
EP1504317A1 (de) 2005-02-09

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