EP1504187A1 - Injector for fuel injection - Google Patents

Injector for fuel injection

Info

Publication number
EP1504187A1
EP1504187A1 EP03735282A EP03735282A EP1504187A1 EP 1504187 A1 EP1504187 A1 EP 1504187A1 EP 03735282 A EP03735282 A EP 03735282A EP 03735282 A EP03735282 A EP 03735282A EP 1504187 A1 EP1504187 A1 EP 1504187A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injector
throttle
module
injector according
throttle module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03735282A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1504187B1 (en
Inventor
Martin Neumaier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1504187A1 publication Critical patent/EP1504187A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1504187B1 publication Critical patent/EP1504187B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0033—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
    • F02M63/0035—Poppet valves, i.e. having a mushroom-shaped valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/16—Sealing of fuel injection apparatus not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2547/00—Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M2547/003—Valve inserts containing control chamber and valve piston

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Fuel injection injectors are known, for example, for common rail systems in different configurations.
  • a conventionally constructed injector comprises a nozzle needle, which is connected indirectly via a control piston or directly to a control chamber which is pressurized. If the pressure at the nozzle and the control chamber is the same, the resultant force is generated by the geometrically predetermined ratio of the areas on which the pressure ripens. If, for example, the area at the nozzle is smaller than the area at the control piston, a resulting force is generated which presses the nozzle needle into its seat and thus closes the nozzle.
  • the control room is connected to a high pressure area from a reservoir (rail) via a so-called inlet throttle, which is also led to the nozzle.
  • the control chamber is still connected to a control valve via a so-called flow restrictor. Since the outlet throttle has a larger flow cross-section than the inlet throttle, the pressure in the control chamber drops when the control valve is opened. As a result of this reduction in pressure in the control chamber, the resulting force on the nozzle needle changes, so that the nozzle needle lifts off its seat and fuel can flow out into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine through the spray hole bores.
  • the control chamber and the inlet throttle or the outlet throttle were each introduced into an injector body.
  • the injector body has a relatively complicated structure and is relatively complicated to manufacture from a manufacturing point of view, since a large number of operations have to be carried out on the injector body.
  • the injector according to the invention is constructed in such a way that an inlet throttle and an outlet throttle are provided in a throttle module designed as a separate component.
  • a reset element in the separate throttle module e.g. a coil spring, for resetting the control device of the injector.
  • the injector according to the invention can be made more compact.
  • a further advantage is formed in the separate throttle module, which provides at least a portion of the control chamber of the injector.
  • the injector according to the invention can be made even more compact in the axial direction.
  • the inlet throttle is preferably arranged in the radial direction of the injector axis.
  • the is particularly preferred Inlet throttle is supplied with fuel under pressure via an annular gap arranged between the injector body and the separate throttle module.
  • the annular gap is preferably sealed in the axial direction.
  • the sealing is particularly preferably carried out by means of cutting edges, which undergo plastic deformation during assembly or cause plastic deformation on the other component, so that a secure seal is made possible.
  • the throttle module is particularly preferably arranged in a stepped bore of the injector body with at least two steps.
  • the annular gap is sealed in the axial direction at the steps of the stepped bore.
  • the cutting edges can be formed either in the throttle module or on the steps in the injector body.
  • Another possibility of sealing the annular gap between the injector body and the throttle module is a seal in the radial direction of the injector.
  • the radial sealing can take place, for example, by means of an elastic ring seal or an interference fit.
  • the invention is described below on the basis of a preferred exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing.
  • the single figure shows a schematic sectional illustration of a region of an injector with a throttle module according to the invention.
  • the injector 1 comprises an injector body 2, in which a throttle module 5 and a control module 13 are arranged. Furthermore, a nozzle needle 3 is arranged in the injector body 2 and guided in the injector body 2 in the axial direction X-X of the injector.
  • the throttle module 5 is designed as a separate component.
  • An inlet throttle 6 and an outlet throttle 7 are formed in the throttle module 5.
  • a cutout U-shaped in section 8 is formed at the end of the throttle module 5 facing the nozzle needle 3. This recess 8 provides a control chamber 4 between the throttle module 5 and the nozzle needle 3.
  • the control module 13 comprises a valve 15 which can be actuated via a control unit, not shown, such as a magnetic element or a piezo actuator.
  • the valve 15 closes or releases a valve seat 18 formed on the control module 13.
  • the valve 15 is reset by means of a return spring 14 designed as a spiral spring. Furthermore, two returns 16 are provided in the control module 13, which provide a connection to a tank of the vehicle, not shown.
  • the spring 14 is arranged in a recess formed in the throttle module 5, so that a very compact design in the axial direction X-X of the injector 1 is possible.
  • the supply throttle 6 is supplied with fuel under pressure via a fuel feed line 19 and an annular gap 17 formed between the injector body 2 and the throttle module 5. Since the throttle module 5 is designed as a separate component, a seal must be formed between the throttle module 5 and the injector body 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the throttle module 5 is arranged in a stepped bore of the injector body, which consists of a first step 11 and a second step 12. In this exemplary embodiment, the annular gap 17 is sealed in the axial direction XX of the injector 1. This seal is provided by a first cutting edge 9 and a second cutting edge 10, which are formed on shoulders of the throttle module 5, which correspond to the steps 11, 12 of the stepped bores.
  • the cutting edges 9 and 10 are plastically deformed at the steps 11 and 12 of the step bore.
  • the surfaces of the two components 2 and 5 adapt ideally to one another, which achieves a very good sealing effect.
  • This sealing effect is tight even at very high pressures, such as occur, for example, in common rail injection systems.
  • differences in length caused by the production between the distances of the steps 11, 12 of the step bore and / or the distances of the shoulders formed on the throttle module 5 between the cutting edges 9 and 10 can be compensated. This makes it possible for the manufacturing tolerances to be selected in a further area, so that the manufacture of the injector can be made cheaper.
  • the throttle module 5 as a separate individual component, the bores for the inlet throttle 6 and the outlet throttle 7 can be carried out quickly and easily with high accuracy.
  • the cutting edges 9, 10 provided on the throttle module 5 can be produced very inexpensively, for example by turning.
  • the function of the injector 1 is as follows. If you want to inject fuel, the valve 15 is actuated by an actuator (not shown) and moved in the direction of the nozzle needle 3, so that the valve 15 lifts off from its valve seat 18. This opens a connection between the control chamber 4 via the outlet throttle 7 and the open valve 15 to the return 16. As a result, the pressure in the control chamber 4 drops, so that the nozzle needle 3 moves into the control chamber 4 in the axial direction XX of the injector. As a result, the nozzle needle 3 lifts off its seat, so that at least one nozzle is released and fuel is injected through the nozzle into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The injection takes place as long as the valve 15 remains in its open state. The valve 15 is opened against the spring force of the spring 14.
  • valve 15 When the injection is to be ended, the valve 15 is actuated again via the actuator, so that by resetting the spring 14 it returns to its starting position in which the valve seat 18 is closed. As a result, the connection between the control chamber 4 and the return line 16 is interrupted again, so that the original pressure can build up in the control chamber 4, since fuel under pressure is supplied via the inlet throttle 6. As a result, the nozzle needle 3 moves back into its starting position and closes the injector nozzle, so that the injection of fuel has ended.
  • the present invention thus relates to an injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the injector comprises an injector body 2, a nozzle needle 3 and a control device 13 in order to control a pressure in a control chamber 4 for actuating the nozzle needle 3.
  • the injector 1 further comprises an inlet throttle 6 and an outlet throttle 7, which are in fluid communication with the control chamber 4.
  • the inlet throttle 6 and the outlet throttle 7 are arranged in a throttle module 5 formed as a separate component.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine. Said injector comprises an injector body (2), an injector needle (3) and a control device (13) in order to control pressure in a control chamber (4) for actuating the injector needle. The injector also comprises a supply throttle (6) and a discharge throttle (7) which are fluidically connected to the control chamber (4). The discharge throttle (7) and the supply throttle (6) are arranged in a throttle module (5) embodied as a separate component.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Injektor zur KraftstoffeinspritzungInjector for fuel injection
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Injektor zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to an injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Kraftstoffeinspritzinjektoren sind beispielsweise für Common- Rail-Systeme in unterschiedlichen Ausgestaltungen bekannt. Ein herkömmlich aufgebauter Injektor umfasst eine Düsennadel, welche mittelbar über einen Steuerkolben oder unmittelbar mit einem Steuerraum in Verbindung steht, der mit Druck beaufschlagt wird. Wenn an der Düse und am Steuerraum der gleiche Druck herrscht, so wird durch das geometrisch vorgegebene Verhältnis der Flächen, an welchen der Druck angereift, eine resultierende Kraft erzeugt. Wenn beispielsweise die Fläche an der Düse kleiner als die Fläche am Steuerkolben ist, wird eine resultierende Kraft erzeugt, die die Düsennadel in ihren Sitz drückt und somit die Düse verschließt.Fuel injection injectors are known, for example, for common rail systems in different configurations. A conventionally constructed injector comprises a nozzle needle, which is connected indirectly via a control piston or directly to a control chamber which is pressurized. If the pressure at the nozzle and the control chamber is the same, the resultant force is generated by the geometrically predetermined ratio of the areas on which the pressure ripens. If, for example, the area at the nozzle is smaller than the area at the control piston, a resulting force is generated which presses the nozzle needle into its seat and thus closes the nozzle.
Der Steuerraum wird über eine sogenannte Zulaufdrossel mit einem Bereich hohen Druckes aus einem Speicher (Rail) verbunden, welcher gleichzeitig auch zur Düse geführt wird. Über eine sogenannte Ablaufdrossel steht der Steuerraum weiter mit einem Absteuerventil in Verbindung. Da die Ablaufdrossel einen größeren Strömungsquerschnitt als die Zulaufdrossel aufweist, sinkt der Druck im Steuerraum durch das Öffnen des Ab- steuerventils ab. Durch diese Druckabsenkung im Steuerraum ändert sich die resultierende Kraft an der Düsennadel, sodass die Düsennadel von ihrem Sitz abhebt und Kraftstoff durch die Spritzlochbohrungen in einen Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine ausströmen kann. Bei den bisherigen Injektoren wurden der Steuerraum und die Zulaufdrossel bzw. die Ablaufdrossel jeweils in einen Injektorkörper eingebracht. Dadurch weist der Injektorkörper einen relativ komplizierten Aufbau auf und ist aus fertigungstechnischer Hinsicht relativ kompliziert herzustellen, da eine Vielzahl von Arbeitsgängen am Injektorkörper ausgeführt werden muss.The control room is connected to a high pressure area from a reservoir (rail) via a so-called inlet throttle, which is also led to the nozzle. The control chamber is still connected to a control valve via a so-called flow restrictor. Since the outlet throttle has a larger flow cross-section than the inlet throttle, the pressure in the control chamber drops when the control valve is opened. As a result of this reduction in pressure in the control chamber, the resulting force on the nozzle needle changes, so that the nozzle needle lifts off its seat and fuel can flow out into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine through the spray hole bores. In the case of the previous injectors, the control chamber and the inlet throttle or the outlet throttle were each introduced into an injector body. As a result, the injector body has a relatively complicated structure and is relatively complicated to manufacture from a manufacturing point of view, since a large number of operations have to be carried out on the injector body.
Es ist von daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Injektor zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff bereitzustellen, welcher insbesondere in einem Co mon-Rail-System verwendbar ist, einen einfachen Aufbau aufweist und kostengünstig herstellbar ist.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an injector for injecting fuel, which can be used in particular in a Co mon-rail system, has a simple structure and is inexpensive to manufacture.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Injektor mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Die Unteransprüche zeigen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.This object is achieved by an injector with the features of patent claim 1. The subclaims show advantageous developments of the invention.
Der erfindungsgemäße Injektor ist derart aufgebaut, dass eine Zulaufdrossel und eine Ablaufdrossel in einem als separates Bauteil ausgebildeten Drosselmodul vorgesehen sind. Durch die Anordnung der beiden Drosseln in einem separaten Bauteil können fertigungstechnische Vorteile erzielt werden, da die Drosseln, welche mit einer besonders hohen Genauigkeit gefertigt werden müssen, in dem separaten Bauteil gut zugänglich eingebracht werden können. Anschließend erfolgt eine Montage des Drosselmoduls im Injektor.The injector according to the invention is constructed in such a way that an inlet throttle and an outlet throttle are provided in a throttle module designed as a separate component. By arranging the two throttles in a separate component, advantages in terms of production technology can be achieved, since the throttles, which have to be manufactured with a particularly high degree of accuracy, can be introduced in the separate component in an easily accessible manner. The throttle module is then installed in the injector.
Weiter bevorzugt ist in dem separaten Drosselmodul auch ein Rückstellelement, z.B. eine Spiralfeder, zur Rückstellung der Steuereinrichtung des Injektors angeordnet. Dadurch kann der erfindungsgemäße Injektor kompakter aufgebaut sein.Also preferred is a reset element in the separate throttle module, e.g. a coil spring, for resetting the control device of the injector. As a result, the injector according to the invention can be made more compact.
Weiter vorteilhaft ist in dem separaten Drosselmodul eine Aussparung gebildet, welche zumindest einen Teilbereich des Steuerraums des Injektors bereitstellt. Dadurch kann der erfindungsgemäße Injektor in Axialrichtung noch kompakter ausgebildet werden. Um einen noch kompakteren Injektor bereitzustellen, ist die Zulaufdrossel vorzugsweise in Radialrichtung zur Injektorachse angeordnet. Besonders bevorzugt wird der Zulaufdrossel dabei unter Druck stehender Kraftstoff über einen zwischen dem Injektorkörper und dem separaten Drosselmodul angeordneten Ringspalt zugeführt.A further advantage is formed in the separate throttle module, which provides at least a portion of the control chamber of the injector. As a result, the injector according to the invention can be made even more compact in the axial direction. In order to provide an even more compact injector, the inlet throttle is preferably arranged in the radial direction of the injector axis. The is particularly preferred Inlet throttle is supplied with fuel under pressure via an annular gap arranged between the injector body and the separate throttle module.
Um eine sichere Abdichtung des Ringspalts zwischen dem Injektorkörper und dem separaten Drosselmodul zu erreichen, ist der Ringspalt vorzugsweise in Axialrichtung abgedichtet. Besonders bevorzugt erfolgt die Abdichtung dabei mittels Schneidkanten, welche während der Montage eine plastische Verformung erfahren bzw. eine plastische Verformung an dem anderen Bauteil hervorrufen, sodass eine sichere Abdichtung ermöglicht wird.In order to achieve a secure seal of the annular gap between the injector body and the separate throttle module, the annular gap is preferably sealed in the axial direction. The sealing is particularly preferably carried out by means of cutting edges, which undergo plastic deformation during assembly or cause plastic deformation on the other component, so that a secure seal is made possible.
Besonders bevorzugt ist das Drosselmodul in einer Stufenbohrung des Injektorkörpers mit wenigstens zwei Stufen angeordnet. Dabei erfolgt eine Abdichtung des Ringspaltes in Axialrichtung an den Stufen der Stufenbohrung. Bei einer Abdichtung mittels Schneidkanten können dabei die Schneidkanten entweder im Drosselmodul oder an den Stufen im Injektorkörper ausgebildet sein.The throttle module is particularly preferably arranged in a stepped bore of the injector body with at least two steps. The annular gap is sealed in the axial direction at the steps of the stepped bore. When sealing by means of cutting edges, the cutting edges can be formed either in the throttle module or on the steps in the injector body.
Eine andere Möglichkeit der Abdichtung des Ringspaltes zwischen dem Injektorkörper und dem Drosselmodul ist eine Abdichtung in Radialrichtung des Injektors. Die radiale Abdichtung kann dabei beispielsweise mittels einer elastischen Ringdichtung oder einer Presspassung erfolgen.Another possibility of sealing the annular gap between the injector body and the throttle module is a seal in the radial direction of the injector. The radial sealing can take place, for example, by means of an elastic ring seal or an interference fit.
Es sei weiterhin angemerkt, dass es selbstverständlich auch möglich ist, eine Abdichtung zwischen dem Injektorkörper und dem separaten Drosselmodul sowohl in Axialrichtung als auch in Radialrichtung vorzusehen.It should also be noted that it is of course also possible to provide a seal between the injector body and the separate throttle module both in the axial direction and in the radial direction.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung beschrieben. Die einzige Figur zeigt eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines Bereichs eines Injektors mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Drosselmodul.The invention is described below on the basis of a preferred exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing. The single figure shows a schematic sectional illustration of a region of an injector with a throttle module according to the invention.
Wie in Figur 1 gezeigt, umfasst der Injektor 1 einen Injektorkörper 2, in welchem ein Drosselmodul 5 und ein Steuermodul 13 angeordnet sind. Weiterhin ist im Injektorkörper 2 eine Düsennadel 3 angeordnet und in Axialrichtung X-X des Injektors im Injektorkörper 2 geführt. Das Drosselmodul 5 ist als separates Bauteil ausgebildet. Im Drosselmodul 5 ist eine Zulaufdrossel 6 und eine Ablaufdrossel 7 ausgebildet. Weiterhin ist an dem zur Düsennadel 3 gerichteten Ende des Drosselmoduls 5 eine im Schnitt U-förmige Aussparung 8 gebildet. Diese Aussparung 8 stellt einen Steuerraum 4 zwischen dem Drosselmodul 5 und der Düsennadel 3 bereit. Das Steuermodul 13 umfasst ein Ventil 15, welches über eine nicht dargestellte Steuereinheit wie beispielsweise ein Magnetelement oder ein Piezoaktor betätigbar ist. Das Ventil 15 verschließt bzw. gibt einen am Steuermodul 13 gebildeten Ventilsitz 18 frei. Eine Rückstellung des Ventils 15 erfolgt mittels einer als Spiralfeder ausgebildeten Rückstellfeder 14. Weiterhin sind im Steuermodul 13 zwei Rückläufe 16 vorgesehen, welche eine Verbindung zu einem nicht gezeigten Tank des Fahrzeugs bereitstellen.As shown in FIG. 1, the injector 1 comprises an injector body 2, in which a throttle module 5 and a control module 13 are arranged. Furthermore, a nozzle needle 3 is arranged in the injector body 2 and guided in the injector body 2 in the axial direction X-X of the injector. The throttle module 5 is designed as a separate component. An inlet throttle 6 and an outlet throttle 7 are formed in the throttle module 5. Furthermore, a cutout U-shaped in section 8 is formed at the end of the throttle module 5 facing the nozzle needle 3. This recess 8 provides a control chamber 4 between the throttle module 5 and the nozzle needle 3. The control module 13 comprises a valve 15 which can be actuated via a control unit, not shown, such as a magnetic element or a piezo actuator. The valve 15 closes or releases a valve seat 18 formed on the control module 13. The valve 15 is reset by means of a return spring 14 designed as a spiral spring. Furthermore, two returns 16 are provided in the control module 13, which provide a connection to a tank of the vehicle, not shown.
Wie weiter aus Figur 1 ersichtlich ist, ist die Feder 14 in einer im Drosselmodul 5 gebildeten Aussparung angeordnet, sodass eine sehr kompakte Bauweise in Axialrichtung X-X des Injektors 1 möglich ist.As can further be seen from FIG. 1, the spring 14 is arranged in a recess formed in the throttle module 5, so that a very compact design in the axial direction X-X of the injector 1 is possible.
Wie weiterhin aus Figur 1 ersichtlich ist, wird der Zulaufdrossel 6 unter Druck stehender Kraftstoff über eine KraftstoffZuleitung 19 und einen zwischen dem Injektorkörper 2 und dem Drosselmodul 5 gebildeten Ringspalt 17 zugeführt. Da das Drosselmodul 5 als ein separates Bauteil ausgebildet ist, muss zwischen dem Drosselmodul 5 und dem Injektorkörper 2 eine Abdichtung ausgebildet werden. Wie in Figur 1 gezeigt, ist das Drosselmodul 5 in einer Stufenbohrung des Injektorkörpers angeordnet, welche aus einer ersten Stufe 11 und einer zweiten Stufe 12 besteht. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel erfolgt eine Abdichtung des Ringspaltes 17 in Axialrichtung X-X des Injektors 1. Diese Abdichtung wird durch eine erste Schneidkante 9 und eine zweite Schneidkante 10 bereitgestellt, welche an Absätzen des Drosselmoduls 5 ausgebildet sind, die den Stufen 11, 12 der Stufenbohrungen entsprechen.As can also be seen from FIG. 1, the supply throttle 6 is supplied with fuel under pressure via a fuel feed line 19 and an annular gap 17 formed between the injector body 2 and the throttle module 5. Since the throttle module 5 is designed as a separate component, a seal must be formed between the throttle module 5 and the injector body 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the throttle module 5 is arranged in a stepped bore of the injector body, which consists of a first step 11 and a second step 12. In this exemplary embodiment, the annular gap 17 is sealed in the axial direction XX of the injector 1. This seal is provided by a first cutting edge 9 and a second cutting edge 10, which are formed on shoulders of the throttle module 5, which correspond to the steps 11, 12 of the stepped bores.
Bei der Montage des Drosselmoduls 5 in den Injektorkörper 2 erfolgt eine plastische Verformung der Schneidkanten 9 und 10 an den Stufen 11 und 12 der Stufenbohrung. Dadurch passen sich die Oberflächen der beiden Bauteile 2 und 5 ideal aneinander an, wodurch eine sehr gute Dichtwirkung erreicht wird. Diese Dichtwirkung ist auch bei sehr hohen Drücken, wie sie beispielsweise bei Common-Rail-Einspritzsystemen auftreten, dicht. Weiterhin können durch das Vorsehen der sich plastisch verformenden Schneidkanten 9 und 10 durch die Fertigung bedingte Längenunterschiede zwischen den Abständen der Stufen 11, 12 der Stufenbohrung und/oder den Abständen der am Drosselmodul 5 zwischen den Schneidkanten 9 und 10 gebildeten Absätzen ausgeglichen werden. Dadurch ist es möglich, dass die Fertigungstoleranzen in einem weiteren Bereich gewählt werden können, sodass die Herstellung des Injektors verbilligt werden kann. Weiterhin können durch das Vorsehen des Drosselmoduls 5 als separates Einzelbauteil die Bohrungen für die Zulaufdrossel 6 und die Ablaufdrossel 7 schnell und einfach bei hoher Genauigkeit ausgeführt werden. Ebenso können die an dem Drosselmodul 5 vorgesehenen Schneidkanten 9, 10 sehr kostengünstig, beispielsweise durch Drehen, erzeugt werden.When the throttle module 5 is installed in the injector body 2, the cutting edges 9 and 10 are plastically deformed at the steps 11 and 12 of the step bore. As a result, the surfaces of the two components 2 and 5 adapt ideally to one another, which achieves a very good sealing effect. This sealing effect is tight even at very high pressures, such as occur, for example, in common rail injection systems. Furthermore, by providing the plastically deforming cutting edges 9 and 10, differences in length caused by the production between the distances of the steps 11, 12 of the step bore and / or the distances of the shoulders formed on the throttle module 5 between the cutting edges 9 and 10 can be compensated. This makes it possible for the manufacturing tolerances to be selected in a further area, so that the manufacture of the injector can be made cheaper. Furthermore, by providing the throttle module 5 as a separate individual component, the bores for the inlet throttle 6 and the outlet throttle 7 can be carried out quickly and easily with high accuracy. Likewise, the cutting edges 9, 10 provided on the throttle module 5 can be produced very inexpensively, for example by turning.
Die Funktion des erfindungsgemäßen Injektors 1 ist dabei wie folgt. Wenn eine Einspritzung von Kraftstoff erfolgen soll, wird das Ventil 15 über einen Aktor (nicht dargestellt) betätigt und in Richtung der Düsennadel 3 bewegt, sodass sich das Ventil 15 von seinem Ventilsitz 18 abhebt. Dadurch wird eine Verbindung zwischen dem Steuerraum 4 über die Ablaufdrossel 7 und das offene Ventil 15 zum Rücklauf 16 geöffnet. Dadurch sinkt der Druck im Steuerraum 4, sodass sich die Düsennadel 3 in Axialrichtung X-X des Injektors in den Steuerraum 4 bewegt. Dadurch hebt die Düsennadel 3 von ihrem Sitz ab, sodass wenigstens eine Düse freigegeben wird und eine Einspritzung von Kraftstoff durch die Düse in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine erfolgt. Hierbei erfolgt die Einspritzung solange, solange das Ventil 15 in seinem geöffneten Zustand verbleibt. Die Öffnung des Ventils 15 erfolgt dabei entgegen der Federkraft der Feder 14.The function of the injector 1 according to the invention is as follows. If you want to inject fuel, the valve 15 is actuated by an actuator (not shown) and moved in the direction of the nozzle needle 3, so that the valve 15 lifts off from its valve seat 18. This opens a connection between the control chamber 4 via the outlet throttle 7 and the open valve 15 to the return 16. As a result, the pressure in the control chamber 4 drops, so that the nozzle needle 3 moves into the control chamber 4 in the axial direction XX of the injector. As a result, the nozzle needle 3 lifts off its seat, so that at least one nozzle is released and fuel is injected through the nozzle into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The injection takes place as long as the valve 15 remains in its open state. The valve 15 is opened against the spring force of the spring 14.
Wenn die Einspritzung beendet werden soll, wird das Ventil 15 wieder über den Aktor betätigt, sodass es durch Rückstellung der Feder 14 wieder in seine Ausgangsposition zurückkehrt, in welcher der Ventilsitz 18 verschlossen ist. Dadurch wird die Verbindung zwischen dem Steuerraum 4 und der Rücklaufleitung 16 wieder unterbrochen, sodass sich im Steuerraum 4 der ursprüngliche Druck aufbauen kann, da unter Druck stehender Kraftstoff über die Zulaufdrossel 6 zugeführt wird. Dadurch bewegt sich die Düsennadel 3 wieder in ihre Ausgangsposition und verschließt die Düse des Injektors, sodass die Einspritzung von Kraftstoff beendet ist.When the injection is to be ended, the valve 15 is actuated again via the actuator, so that by resetting the spring 14 it returns to its starting position in which the valve seat 18 is closed. As a result, the connection between the control chamber 4 and the return line 16 is interrupted again, so that the original pressure can build up in the control chamber 4, since fuel under pressure is supplied via the inlet throttle 6. As a result, the nozzle needle 3 moves back into its starting position and closes the injector nozzle, so that the injection of fuel has ended.
Während der Betätigung des Steuerventils 15 bzw. der Düsennadel 3 kann dabei eine stetige sichere Abdichtung des Ringspalts 17 zwischen dem Injektormodul 2 und dem Drosselmodul 5 an den Stufen 11 bzw. 12 des Injektorkörpers 2 sichergestellt werden. Es sei angemerkt, dass die Schneidkanten 9, 10 selbstverständlich nicht nur im Drosselmodul 5 vorgesehen werden, sondern dass in gleicher Weise auch Schneidkanten an den Stufen 11, 12 des Injektorkörpers vorgesehen werden können, welche bei Montage des Drosselmoduls 5 plastisch ver- formt werden und so eine Dichtung zwischen dem Injektorkörper 2 und dem Drosselmodul 5 herstellen.During the actuation of the control valve 15 or the nozzle needle 3, a constant, secure sealing of the annular gap 17 between the injector module 2 and the throttle module 5 can be ensured at the stages 11 and 12 of the injector body 2. It should be noted that the cutting edges 9, 10 are of course not only provided in the throttle module 5, but that cutting edges can also be provided in the same way on the steps 11, 12 of the injector body which plastically deform when the throttle module 5 is installed. are formed and so create a seal between the injector body 2 and the throttle module 5.
Somit betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung einen Injektor zur Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brenn- kraftmaschine. Der Injektor umfasst einen Injektorkörper 2, einer Düsennadel 3 und eine Steuereinrichtung 13, um einen Druck in einem Steuerraum 4 zur Betätigung der Düsennadel 3 zu steuern. Weiterhin umfasst der Injektor 1 eine Zulaufdrossel 6 und eine Ablaufdrossel 7, welche mit dem Steuerraum 4 in Fluidverbindung stehen. Die Zulaufdrossel 6 und die Ablaufdrossel 7 sind dabei in einem als separates Bauteil gebildeten Drosselmodul 5 angeordnet.The present invention thus relates to an injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The injector comprises an injector body 2, a nozzle needle 3 and a control device 13 in order to control a pressure in a control chamber 4 for actuating the nozzle needle 3. The injector 1 further comprises an inlet throttle 6 and an outlet throttle 7, which are in fluid communication with the control chamber 4. The inlet throttle 6 and the outlet throttle 7 are arranged in a throttle module 5 formed as a separate component.
Die vorhergehende Beschreibung des Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung dient nur zu illustrativen Zwecken und nicht zum Zwecke der Beschränkung der Erfindung. Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind verschiedene Änderungen und Modifikationen möglich, ohne den Umfang der Erfindung sowie ihrer Ä- quivalente zu verlassen. The preceding description of the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention is only for illustrative purposes and not for the purpose of restricting the invention. Various changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention and its equivalents.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Injektor zu Einspritzung von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine, umfassend einen Injektorkörper (2), eine Düsennadel (3), eine Steuereinrichtung (15), um einen Druck in einem Steuerraum (4) zur Betätigung der Düsennadel (3) zu steuern, eine Zulaufdrossel (6) und eine Ablaufdrossel (7), welche beide mit dem Steuerraum (4) in Fluidverbindung stehen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zulaufdrossel (6) und die Ablaufdrossel (7) in einem als separates Bauteil ausgebildeten Drosselmodul (5) angeordnet sind.Injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, comprising an injector body (2), a nozzle needle (3), a control device (15) to control a pressure in a control chamber (4) for actuating the nozzle needle (3) , an inlet throttle (6) and an outlet throttle (7), both of which are in fluid communication with the control chamber (4), characterized in that the inlet throttle (6) and the outlet throttle (7) are in a throttle module (5) designed as a separate component. are arranged.
2. Injektor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Drosselmodul (5) ein Rückstellelement (14) zur Rückstellung der Steuereinrichtung (15) angeordnet ist.2. Injector according to claim 1, characterized in that a reset element (14) for resetting the control device (15) is arranged in the throttle module (5).
3. Injektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Drosselmodul (5) eine Aussparung (8) gebildet ist, welche zumindest einen Teilbereich des Steuerraums (4) bereitstellt.3. Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a recess (8) is formed in the throttle module (5), which provides at least a portion of the control chamber (4).
4. Injektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zulaufdrossel (6) in Radialrichtung des Injektors angeordnet ist.4. Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet throttle (6) is arranged in the radial direction of the injector.
5. Injektor nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Injektorkörper (2) und dem Drosselmodul (5) ein Ringspalt (17) ausgebildet ist, über welchen Kraftstoff zur Zulaufdrossel (6) zugeführt wird.5. Injector according to claim 4, characterized in that an annular gap (17) is formed between the injector body (2) and the throttle module (5), via which fuel is supplied to the inlet throttle (6).
6. Injektor nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ringspalt (17) in Axialrichtung (X-X) des Injektors abgedichtet ist. 6. Injector according to claim 5, characterized in that the annular gap (17) is sealed in the axial direction (XX) of the injector.
7. Injektor nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abdichtung mittels Schneidkanten (9, 10) erfolgt.7. Injector according to claim 6, characterized in that the sealing takes place by means of cutting edges (9, 10).
8. Injektor nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Drosselmodul (5) in einer Stufenbohrung mit wenigstens zwei Stufen (11, 12) des Injektorkörpers (2) angeordnet ist, wobei die Abdichtung des Ringspaltes (17) in Axialrichtung an den Stufen (11, 12) der Stufenbohrung erfolgt.8. Injector according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the throttle module (5) is arranged in a stepped bore with at least two steps (11, 12) of the injector body (2), the sealing of the annular gap (17) in the axial direction Steps (11, 12) of the stepped bore takes place.
9. Injektor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ringspalt (17) in Radialrichtung des Injektors abgedichtet ist.9. Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the annular gap (17) is sealed in the radial direction of the injector.
10. Injektor nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abdichtung durch eine elastische Dichtung und/oder eine Presspassung zwischen dem Drosselmodul (5) und dem Injektorkörper (2) erfolgt. 10. Injector according to claim 9, characterized in that the sealing is carried out by an elastic seal and / or an interference fit between the throttle module (5) and the injector body (2).
EP03735282A 2002-05-10 2003-05-06 Injector for fuel injection Expired - Lifetime EP1504187B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE2002120931 DE10220931C1 (en) 2002-05-10 2002-05-10 Injector for fuel injection
DE10220931 2002-05-10
PCT/DE2003/001448 WO2003095825A1 (en) 2002-05-10 2003-05-06 Injector for fuel injection

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EP1504187A1 true EP1504187A1 (en) 2005-02-09
EP1504187B1 EP1504187B1 (en) 2007-02-28

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JP (1) JP2005529267A (en)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2355146T3 (en) * 2004-02-25 2011-03-23 Ganser-Hydromag Ag FUEL INJECTION VALVE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION MACHINE.
DE102008044741B4 (en) 2008-08-28 2010-10-14 Continental Automotive Gmbh Method and control device for controlling an injector
DE102009007213B4 (en) 2009-02-03 2017-06-14 Continental Automotive Gmbh Injector assembly for an injection valve
JP6686931B2 (en) * 2017-02-22 2020-04-22 株式会社デンソー Fuel injector
DE102018204492A1 (en) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh fuel injector

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DE59506715D1 (en) * 1994-06-06 1999-10-07 Ganser Hydromag Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
IT1293434B1 (en) * 1997-07-11 1999-03-01 Elasis Sistema Ricerca Fiat SEALING DEVICE BETWEEN TWO COMPARTMENTS SUBJECT TO DIFFERENT PRESSURES, FOR EXAMPLE IN A FUEL INJECTOR FOR COMUSTION ENGINES
DE19819666A1 (en) * 1998-05-02 1999-11-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
EP1101033B1 (en) * 1998-07-31 2002-10-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fuel injector for internal combustion engines
DE19936667A1 (en) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Common rail injector
DE19936668A1 (en) * 1999-08-04 2001-02-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Common rail injector
DE19937677C2 (en) * 1999-08-10 2003-06-26 Siemens Ag Injector with improved sealing surface arrangement

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WO2003095825A1 (en) 2003-11-20
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DE10220931C1 (en) 2003-11-27
JP2005529267A (en) 2005-09-29

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