EP1501111A1 - Intelligente elektrische Schaltvorrichtung zur Sicherung eines elektrischen Energieverteilnetzes - Google Patents

Intelligente elektrische Schaltvorrichtung zur Sicherung eines elektrischen Energieverteilnetzes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1501111A1
EP1501111A1 EP04291865A EP04291865A EP1501111A1 EP 1501111 A1 EP1501111 A1 EP 1501111A1 EP 04291865 A EP04291865 A EP 04291865A EP 04291865 A EP04291865 A EP 04291865A EP 1501111 A1 EP1501111 A1 EP 1501111A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical
network
switching device
communication
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04291865A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Combier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1501111A1 publication Critical patent/EP1501111A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/123—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using a solid-state trip unit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor
    • H01H2003/266—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor having control circuits for motor operating switches, e.g. controlling the opening or closing speed of the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/227—Interlocked hand- and power-operating mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/26—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using dynamo-electric motor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the production of a device for Low voltage and high current electrical switching for the safety of means of electricity distribution and energy management network associated electric.
  • the device has its own capabilities decision and internal actions to ensure optimal, automated management the acquisition, storage and consumption of electrical energy while by preserving the safety of equipment and people.
  • the present invention aims to overcome certain disadvantages of the prior art by providing a smart electrical switching device for the security of the electricity distribution systems and the network of associated electrical power management.
  • This device offers a solution fully autonomous switch architecture for reasons of operational safety, but also having the means to communication allowing it to work in association with others switches of the same type or other equipment involved in electrical management.
  • the decision means being connected to the electrical switch, by means of measurement, by means of network communication and by means of storage.
  • the electrical switching device operates in stand-alone mode thanks to all the measuring devices, of the storage means and the decision means, the decision means making local decisions based on measurements stored in the storage means and the measurements performed in real time.
  • the electrical switch of the device electrical switching device comprises an insulating disc provided with a zone conductor traversing the disk, said disk being actuated in rotation by an axis, said axis being set in motion directly by an engine can be controlled by the decision means or by a button of control located on the electrical switch, the electrical contact of the electrical switch being provided via at least two electrodes connected, one to the power source, the other to the load and being in contact with the conductive area when the electrical switch is in closed position.
  • the motor of the electrical switch is a motor supporting a manual mechanical forcing.
  • the electrical switching device can operate in manual mode by action, by a user, the button control located on the electrical switch, which via the axis of the switch will cause the disc to rotate and set or cut the power network.
  • the electrical switching device can operate in network mode through network communication means and exchange information with system power elements of electrical energy distributions connected to the communication network.
  • the network communication means is wired of the optoelectronic type or of the current carrier type or the means of Network communication is wireless-type radio.
  • the energy switching device electric can be inserted into an electrical energy management network, said power management network being connected to one or more power elements, which belong to a distribution system of electrical energy, the electrical energy management network comprising a power network carrying electrical energy and a network of communication conveying information concerning the management of the electrical energy, the two networks being connected to the power elements of the power distribution system, said power elements being removable, interchangeable and each having their own means of decision.
  • the electrical energy management network can be connected to a control means providing an interface with a user interface, said interface for setting the network, control functions of the electrical power distribution system, monitor the status of all elements connected to the network.
  • the electrical energy management network operates in centralized mode when the communication network is fully available, allowing a user to force a certain number of orders of the electrical power distribution system by through the control means.
  • the electrical energy management network works in decentralized mode, allowing all elements of the system electrical power distribution to communicate with each other, each element being completely autonomous.
  • the electrical energy management network operates in default mode, the communication network can be unavailable, and the elements of the electrical power distribution system making their decision locally based on their own measurements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the elements constituting the electrical switching device (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrical switching device (1) also called battery cutter, includes an electrical switch (10) with very high intensity, a means of decision (11) receiving all information concerning the state of the electricity distribution system and the electrical switching (1), a set of measuring means (13) enabling the decision means (11) to carry out all the measurements physical requirements and a communication means (12) connected to a external communication network (8) at the switching device electric (1).
  • the electrical switch (10) is connected to a network of electrical power (7) and serves as a switch, allowing opening or close the power network (7). Opening and closing switch (10) are automatically controlled by means of decision (11).
  • the means of decision (11) is based on physical measurements performed by all the measuring means (13), on parameters stored in a storage means (14) and by means of information exchanged with other connected power devices to the electrical energy management network.
  • the means of decision (11) is connected to the communication means (12) directly connected to a network of communication (8).
  • the communication means (12) allows the means of decision (11) to obtain information on the different powers of an electrical power distribution system connected to the means of electrical energy management.
  • the electrical switching device (1) of the invention its means of action and decision are associated within one and the same entity physical, which is able to function in many ways.
  • the device (1) can operate autonomously, thanks to its means of measurement (13), storage (14) and decision (11), the communication means (12) may be unavailable.
  • the device (1) can operate in a network, thanks to its communication means (12), its measuring means (13) may be unavailable.
  • the device (1) can work by taking its decisions on the basis of its internal measures and measures taken from its close environment (temperature, mains voltage, current absorbed or provided by the network), all measurements being stored in the storage means (14).
  • the device (1) can operate manually. Except the switch (10) itself, all its organs may be unavailable without affecting the possibility of direct and local manual control, for example in case of emergency. All these modes of operation are explained in a little more detail in the following the description.
  • the switch is presented with reference to Figures 2 and 3.
  • the figure 2 shows a representative diagram of the electrical switch (10) of the electrical switching device (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrical switch (10) consists of a disk insulation (103) provided with at least one conductive area (104) disposed in a hole of the disc (103) shown in Figure 3. This orifice is located close to the radial center of the disc (103).
  • the disk (103) is operated in rotation by an axis (102) passing through and being fixed to the disk (103) in a orifice (107) located in the middle of the disc (103).
  • This axis (102) can be set movement directly and without reduction mechanism by motor (101) and a control button (100) located on the electrical switch (10).
  • the switch (10) comprises two electrodes (105) thus ensuring the electrical contact and being connected to current sources (106).
  • Each electrode (105) comprises a flexible blade (1051) made of conductive and fixed perpendicular to a busbar (1050) connected at one end to a current source (106).
  • a conductive tip (1052) On a end of the flexible blade (1051), close to the disc (103), is fixed a conductive tip (1052) that can be brought into contact with the area conductor (104) of the disk (103).
  • the electrodes are arranged from each side of the disc so that there is conductivity between the tips (1052) electrodes and the conductive area (104) when a control of closing of the electric power circuit is required.
  • the area conductor (104) is not in contact with electrode tips (1052).
  • the disk (103) will be put in rotation by the axis (102), said axis (102) being controlled by the motor (101).
  • the rotation ends as soon as the conductive zone (104) of the disk (103) is in contact with the tips (1052) of the electrodes (105).
  • at least one measuring means (134) is positioned on the map switch (10) for detecting the position of the conductive area (104) of the disc (103).
  • This end of race sensor (134) also detects manual action when a user operates the switch button (100) located on the switch (10). This action manual will control the rotation of the motor (101).
  • the functions of manual action detection and end-of-travel disc detection (103) are provided by an electrical or optical sensor (134).
  • the engine (101), or any other equivalent device, is characterized by its ability to withstand a manual override of its output axis (102) by rotation of the command, or to be operated electrically by the electronics of ordered.
  • a "step-by-step” motor is particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • This arrangement or any other equivalent arrangement of the device (1) makes it possible to constitute an electrical switch (10) that is safe, resistant, and flexible.
  • the switch (10) is reliable: the operation of the switch does not involve any mass displacement, lever tilting or other. The switch is thus insensitive to shocks and vibrations.
  • the switch (10) is resistant: no wear is to be feared except for the friction contacts (104-1052), which can be made in a suitable material conciliating low electrical resistance and good resistance to wear.
  • the switch (10) is flexible: the rotating disc (103) can be provided with a variable number of contacts (104), thereby enabling the realization a multi-way switch (10) without questioning the principles basic techniques.
  • the set of measuring means (13) of the switching device (1) is mounted directly on the electronic board that supports also the various components that provide the decision-making and communication.
  • the set of measuring means (13) comprises a magnetic current sensor (130), a temperature sensor (135), a voltage sensor (136), a shock sensor (131), an attitude sensor (132), a humidity sensor (133).
  • This set of means is non-limiting and may be supplemented with appropriate sensors for the use of the device.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to build a very cheap battery switch. It only requires small pieces numerous, with simple forms, without very great precision of adjustment and without final wiring. This arrangement ensures, by reducing the cables and Connectivity, very high reliability for a very low cost low.
  • the device (1) can operate in manual mode in different situations: a total failure of the electronics or the motor (103) of the device (1) can take place; the communication means (12) can be unavailable either due to a limited electronic device failure or because of a hardware cut in the network (8), or because it there is no other means of switching on.
  • the device (1) can not take local decision because of lack of information or "experience" of the system.
  • a user acts on the control button (100) which, via the axis (102) will cause the rotation of the disc (103) and establish or cut the circuit (7).
  • the engine technology (101) allows the engine to be maneuvered indifferently on or off without degradation.
  • the detector (134) allows the electronics, if it is able to do so, to detect said action and operate accordingly, for example by communicating to the outside by network, this new state or taking into account this command so to avoid engaging an automatic action contrary to the manual action.
  • the detector (134) also makes it possible to detect incomplete maneuvers, due to vibrations, shocks or difficulties of access to an operator, and allow the electronics to complete them thus ensuring a positioning correct contacts (1052) of the switch (10).
  • Manual operation is not incompatible with other modes of operation, but case of conflict, it is the manual control which is a priority and causes the deactivation of the automatisms. The return to automatic mode is done at the next power up.
  • the device can operate in standalone mode.
  • the battery switch has its own decision-making ability. This allows, in addition, the addition or the removal of power elements in operation connected to the power management network. So no reconfiguration of network is necessary since all the elements only read the information conveyed on the network.
  • the autonomous mode of the device also ensures continuous operation even in case of disappearance of the communication network (8).
  • the different elements of power of the electrical power distribution system, connected normally to the communication network (8) no longer receive information. They continue to provide service on the basis of the latest information received, measurements made locally. In this case their learning ability allows them to estimate certain parameters.
  • the device (1) can operate in a network by means of network communication (12) connected to the communication network (8), and to obtain or send information about the different power elements of an electric power distribution system.
  • network communication By its decision-making, communication and action capabilities, the electrical switching (1) can be integrated into a complex network of electrical energy management.
  • the objective of the invention is to propose a distributed intelligence network architecture solution, as well material than functional, allowing to automate, optimize and to secure the supply of electrical energy whatever the conditions Communication.
  • Figure 3 shows an electricity management network. It comprises two networks: a power network (7) conveying electrical energy and a communication network (8) enabling different elements of powers involved in managing to communicate between them.
  • This energy network may include one or more sources primary cells (3) associated with their charger (4), one or more batteries (2) associated with their battery switch (1), one or more regulators (6) controlled by specific uses (5), one or more means of user control (9) such as a computer.
  • the controller is the main interface with the user. It allows to set the entire network, by example the current of disjunction, the capacity of the batteries. It allows to control all functions such as general on / off and all the desired manual controls. It can be turned off or deleted without affect the status and configuration of the power grid. Any action will then be manually, directly at the battery-cutters. In case the reliability is not essential, it can be replaced by a simple software on a computer.
  • the optimal management of this network requires that the chargers (4), battery switch (1) regulators (6) and user control means (9) can communicate with each other, this is the role of the communication network (8).
  • the originality of the device (1) is characterized by the fact that the network of communication (8) connects the different power elements of the same way that the power network (7) and that there is no element of central control. Overall behavior is always the result of actions individually provided by each element. Any element connected to this network never issues an order to another element. He is terminal to regularly issue information on its status as well as the various parameters that characterize its state as the circulating current, the voltage present, the available charge estimate. Anything connected network monitors all data on the network to deduce the best action to take locally.
  • each element (source (3) / charger (4) / regulator (6)) is able to take local decisions solely on the basis of some learning he has could have achieved previously and also based on the measures that he can perform locally or that can make its immediate neighbors.
  • Each element has its own decision-making capability, which allows adding and deleting operating elements in the network, no reconfiguration is necessary since not all elements than read network information.
  • the autonomy of the power elements also ensures continuous operation even in case of disappearance of the communication network (8). In this case their capacity learning allows them to estimate certain parameters, their ability to This decision allows them to deduce quasi-optimal actions.
  • the electrical switching device (1) fully meets the needs of the electricity distribution system. he has the communication means (12) and remote control allowing it to function collectively both with other classes of elements of powers (chargers (4) and regulators (6)) with its counterparts (other battery switches (1)). Due to its strategic position in the network the switching device (1) is able to monitor the main energy flows and can perform most physical measurements necessary for other neighboring elements of the distribution system energy. These other elements (charger (4), regulator (6)) can then have a simplified technology that does not include sensors complex. The decision means and the device learning means electrical switching allow it to record most of characteristic situations The means of decision integrated in each element of the device, such as a microcontroller, may be identical for all elements, simplifying design and reducing costs development and adaptation. The invention allows the device (1) to always ensure a minimum service regardless of the state of degradation of the means of communication or the various constituent bodies.
  • the power distribution network can operate in several ways modes.
  • a first mode is the centralized mode. This is the traditional mode, used when the means of communication is fully available and a user wishes to force a number of commands such as running, stopping or programming various parameters such as thresholds of disjunction.
  • Another mode is the decentralized mode. All the elements can still communicate with each other but the whole device is totally autonomous. This is the ordinary mode of operation where the system must self-manage.
  • One last mode is the fault mode.
  • the various elements no longer manage to communicate through the computer network either due to interference, accidental disconnection or even removal. The elements of the device will make their decisions locally only on the basis of the measures they can perform. Although actions are undertaken individually, we will observe that the collective behavior of the device remains very close to optimal.
  • the energy distribution system has a capacity to react in chain that allows an element to make a local decision, to execute the corresponding action, to inform others, thus to modify the situation which may give rise to a new decision by a other organ.
  • This ability to react allows the system to manage very complex situations without requiring the implementation complex local algorithms.
  • the application of this very general concept to problem of electrical power management constitutes the body of this invention. All configurations are possible, since the configuration simpler consisting of a single battery (2) with its circuit breaker (1) to configurations with multiple sources (3), multiple units storage (2) and several charges (4).
  • the energy management network electrical and management algorithms remain the same.
  • the application of the principles established previously allows this scheme to guarantee the supply of electricity with a level of reliability that is inaccessible to current systems.
  • the proposed electrical power distribution system is intended for more particularly to isolated installations where the availability of energy can not be guaranteed in a predictable way, where consumption is variable and difficult to control, and finally where an operator experienced can not always be present: ships, trucks, stations autonomous monitoring.
  • the system is also applicable to all acquisition systems, storage, distribution, energy consumption self-contained electrical system for which safety, security, and simplicity of use are paramount.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly intended for the management electric mobile and electrical stations and allows, at the price a very modest additional cost, to best manage the electricity available on board without resorting unnecessarily to means of recharge not available.
  • the device makes it possible to ensure a high level of security by virtue of a permanent and automatic monitoring of available resources.
  • the This device also makes it possible to guarantee a high level of safety functioning because of the absence of a central supervisory body and the ability to function despite the loss of certain elements or even communication network.
  • the device according to the invention is also intended for the management particularly for boats or isolated stations where, in addition to security, optimal management of electrical energy is essential.

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  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
EP04291865A 2003-07-25 2004-07-22 Intelligente elektrische Schaltvorrichtung zur Sicherung eines elektrischen Energieverteilnetzes Withdrawn EP1501111A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0309103 2003-07-25
FR0309103A FR2858133B1 (fr) 2003-07-25 2003-07-25 Dispositif de commutation electrique intelligent pour la securisation des moyens de distribution d'electricite

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1501111A1 true EP1501111A1 (de) 2005-01-26

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EP04291865A Withdrawn EP1501111A1 (de) 2003-07-25 2004-07-22 Intelligente elektrische Schaltvorrichtung zur Sicherung eines elektrischen Energieverteilnetzes

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US (1) US20050225919A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1501111A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2858133B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10014681B2 (en) 2013-12-03 2018-07-03 International Business Machines Corporation Providing electricity to essential equipment during an emergency

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US7880332B2 (en) * 2008-02-04 2011-02-01 American Power Conversion Corporation Automatic battery reconnection
WO2011038566A1 (zh) * 2009-09-29 2011-04-07 湖北盛佳电器设备有限公司 具有自动合闸功能的内置式智能断路器以及微型断路器
WO2011038567A1 (zh) * 2009-09-29 2011-04-07 湖北盛佳电器设备有限公司 具有自动合闸功能的智能断路器
CN111817428A (zh) * 2020-07-21 2020-10-23 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司昆明局 备自投开关的控制方法及控制装置

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US5752047A (en) * 1995-08-11 1998-05-12 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Modular solid state power controller with microcontroller
FR2801418A1 (fr) * 1999-11-24 2001-05-25 Michel Remy Jean Combier Disjoncteur multipolaire a tres faible consommation d'energie destine aux applications de protection et securite basse tension et courants forts
US6459557B1 (en) * 2000-05-31 2002-10-01 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Configurable single/multi-phase overload relay

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5752047A (en) * 1995-08-11 1998-05-12 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Modular solid state power controller with microcontroller
FR2801418A1 (fr) * 1999-11-24 2001-05-25 Michel Remy Jean Combier Disjoncteur multipolaire a tres faible consommation d'energie destine aux applications de protection et securite basse tension et courants forts
US6459557B1 (en) * 2000-05-31 2002-10-01 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Configurable single/multi-phase overload relay

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10014681B2 (en) 2013-12-03 2018-07-03 International Business Machines Corporation Providing electricity to essential equipment during an emergency

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Publication number Publication date
FR2858133B1 (fr) 2006-02-03
FR2858133A1 (fr) 2005-01-28
US20050225919A1 (en) 2005-10-13

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