EP1499696A1 - Verfahren und anlage zur niedrigtemperatur-pyrolyse von gummi-erzeugnissen, stahl-gummi-verbunden und verwendung der pyrolyseprodukte - Google Patents
Verfahren und anlage zur niedrigtemperatur-pyrolyse von gummi-erzeugnissen, stahl-gummi-verbunden und verwendung der pyrolyseprodukteInfo
- Publication number
- EP1499696A1 EP1499696A1 EP03729850A EP03729850A EP1499696A1 EP 1499696 A1 EP1499696 A1 EP 1499696A1 EP 03729850 A EP03729850 A EP 03729850A EP 03729850 A EP03729850 A EP 03729850A EP 1499696 A1 EP1499696 A1 EP 1499696A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pyrolysis
- reaction
- carbon
- oil
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000001510 limonene Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940087305 limonene Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 siloxanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010792 electronic scrap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009996 mechanical pre-treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011331 needle coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002897 organic nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011814 protection agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/46—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with trucks, containers, or trays
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
Definitions
- the invention relates to an industrial low-temperature pyrolysis process for the separation of steel-rubber or similar composite products for the purpose of obtaining carbon granules, pyrolysis, residual gas and metallic components and the use of the pyrolysis products.
- the process is used for industrial recycling, in particular discarded rubber products or rubber-like composite products.
- patent specification DE 695 11 626 T2 describes the pyrolysis of waste in an internally heated rotary kiln.
- Patent DE 44 41 423 A1 describes a pyrolysis process and a device which leads to the recovery of usable gas from waste. A pyrolysis drum is used.
- Patent DE 40 11 945 C1 describes low-temperature pyrolysis for degassing organic material in a heated pyrolysis chamber, in which the pyrolysis material is compressed and in this state passes through the chamber. The gaseous pyrolysis products are removed.
- Patent specification DE 39 32 803 indicates a pyrolytic process which allows organic materials to react with the addition of boric acid / boron oxide and organic nitrogen compounds in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to form coal and graphite.
- the patent DE 28 34 475 C2 explains a method for the treatment of a pyrolysis heating oil. As a result of this process, a special carbon (needle coke) is created through the use of a promoter liquid.
- Fluidized bed must be “maintained”, on the other hand, those to be pyrolyzed Materials have to be mechanically processed so that they can effectively contact the fluidized bed.
- the object of the invention is to develop a novel, energetically and economically particularly advantageous technology for treating different rubber or rubber-like composite products with the aim of separating rubber-steel or other composites and recovering essential organic components, such as carbon granules (soot), organic oils and optionally metallic components.
- the throughput should be gradually increased and thus adapted to the respective market situation.
- the solution should correspond to the concern of sustainability.
- the process flow comprises the following process steps and associated plant parts:
- the rubber products e.g. old tires
- the washed rubber products are then cut up.
- tires and the like. either quartered, eighthed or roughly shredded for procedural reasons.
- the dried rubber products are transported via conveyor belts into a storage (high) container of, for example, 12 m 3 capacity.
- the reaction containers are filled from the storage container.
- the filled reaction containers are z. B. transported with a forklift to the pyrolysis preheater.
- reaction containers with composite materials such as rubberized chain links, conveyor belts / steel cables, with the assignment of detailed time and temperature windows for the pyrolysis process, which have been determined in extensive tests.
- a mixed loading of the reaction containers is also possible depending on the respective target.
- reaction vessel After preheating to a certain temperature, the reaction vessel is placed in the respective furnace.
- the furnace chamber is heated up in approx. 30 min using appropriate process technology.
- the reaction time in the container is approximately 2.5 hours as a result of tests carried out.
- the heating phase can take place in two to three stages, each with a variable persistence time.
- two optionally variable dwell times, each with a predetermined constant temperature are useful. These specifications are derived from the technological processes developed for this.
- the reaction temperature in the container is between 350 ° C and 500 ° C depending on the input and the product to be produced.
- the temperature difference to the desired reaction temperature may be a maximum of 15 K to 20 K.
- the input material in the reaction vessel is heated by indirect heat transfer.
- the rubber is made in the low temperature pyrolysis process, i.e. H. in the absence of atmospheric oxygen, split into its components. This process takes place under normal pressure.
- the installed temperature measurement technology shows the actual temperature of the circulating air in the furnace chamber and the actual temperature in the reaction vessel.
- the display is digital.
- the gas generated in the pyrolysis process is transported through the flue gas line and cooled down in terms of process technology.
- a pyrolysis oil is formed which is very similar in its consistency and composition to a light crude oil or the intermediate products of crude oil processing.
- the non-condensable part of the pyrolysis gas like parts of the oil, can be used to generate the required process heat in order to make the process self-sufficient in terms of energy.
- the firing can be done either with town gas, electrically, with pyrolysis gas or pyrolysis oil.
- the heating process of the input material takes place according to specified special control curves, which control the energy supply in a computer-aided comparison of the actual and target values.
- the cooling of the pyrolysis container to the temperature defined by the recipes depending on the product use is indicated by an optical signal (lamp). Only then will it be closed pyrolysis containers released for further processing.
- the transport takes place e.g. B. with forklift.
- the reaction container is lifted with a lift or stacker and emptied dust-free into a funnel in a zone with negative pressure.
- the container is then returned to the process and refilled.
- the carbon granulate-iron mixture passes from the funnel through a conical opening into a grinder.
- the remaining carbon granules still on the metal are cut up to a diameter of approx. 50 mm; the iron is sorted out using electromagnets in a special process.
- the iron e.g. spring steel
- carbon granulate enters an intermediate container and is conveyed from it to a silo without dust. From the silo, it can be packed dust-free and automatically by weight into plastic bags (sealed). The plastic bags are z. B. layered on EURO pallets, taped and shipped.
- the operational control of the system is carried out, for example, via a central processing unit (CPU)
- DDC control system or a PLC control. This monitors and controls the process flow via interfaces. These processes are shown schematically on the screen with the decisive parameters. Error messages run automatically, error messages are logged, printed in plain text, evaluated and automatically sent to the control center.
- Bogie hearth furnace used. Converted hearth furnace standard solutions from other fields of application are used for this purpose.
- reaction vessels are introduced in stages. First of all, this is placed on the bogie wagon of the pyrolysis furnace with a forklift.
- the bogie After pressing a manual button or the like, the bogie is moved into the oven. The entry gate opened in the process is then closed.
- a shaft furnace can be used as a pyrolysis furnace to accommodate a reaction vessel.
- Converted shaft furnace standard solutions from other areas of application are used for this purpose.
- the furnace can be arranged above or below.
- the reaction vessel for this solution is introduced using suitable lifting equipment, for example with the help of trolleys and lifting winches.
- the reaction vessel can be constructed in such a way that a special seal on the vessel head fixes the vessel in the shaft and at the same time hermetically seals the furnace.
- the closed pyrolysis container is extended over the bogie hearth in the bogie hearth furnace, removed with a forklift and set down to cool down.
- the shaft furnace is used in the same way.
- the reaction vessels made of high temperature-resistant steel, which work without pressure and without inert media, batch operation can be carried out.
- the process thus offers the possibility of reacting to the nature of the raw materials (e.g. summer car tires, winter car tires, truck tires, special vehicle tires, rubberized chain links, steel cord reinforced rubber belts).
- the loading technology is built on the modular principle. Thanks to the newly developed process control, there is no need to use protective gases or liquids. Another advantage is the elimination of complex mechanical pretreatments of the input materials. For example, the tires are only washed and roughly cut or shredded. The energetic design of the process is largely self-sufficient after the start-up phase.
- the method and the device according to the invention can advantageously be used for processing old tires, complete old motor vehicles, electronic scrap, steel cord reinforced belt straps, rubber / non-ferrous metal compounds, plastic-coated chains, rubberized chain links and various technical rubbers. Further details, features and advantages of the invention can be found in the following description of an exemplary embodiment
- Fig. 2b shows a principle solution for the execution of a bogie hearth furnace in front view
- Fig. 3 shows a principle solution for the execution of a shaft furnace.
- FIG 1 shows the process sequence according to the invention with associated system components for treating rubber products in the form of used tires.
- the used tires 1 are pre-sorted and transported to a washing device 2 on a conveyor belt.
- the washing process takes place automatically in a closed cabin.
- the car wash has a built-in water treatment system.
- the used water is regenerated in a constant cycle in order not to unnecessarily burden the environment and the sewage system.
- Rainwater can be used as process water for feeding and replenishing into the washing system.
- the washed tires 1 are crushed in a shredder unit 3.
- the tire parts are then dried.
- the heating register of the drying system is operated via a heat exchanger which is fed with process heat from the pyrolysis process (heat from heat recovery 17).
- the temperature control of the dry air is carried out continuously by simple or computer-controlled controllers, which can be monitored by the control center and changed with regard to the target data.
- the further process sequence comprises the following process steps and associated plant parts:
- the carbon granulate 30 is supplied to the silos 16 using encapsulated technology, and the portioned filling 19 and / or deposit 20 takes place from here in a dust-free manner.
- the residual oil P4 can be used for thermal supply and energy generation for internal or external use.
- the non-condensable pyrolysis gas is temporarily stored as waste gas 34 in a collecting bell and flared in a further process at temperatures above 1200 ° C.
- the dwell time is equal to or greater than 0.3 seconds.
- heat exchangers are connected in the exhaust gas chimney, which supply the excess heat to the production process again via the heat recovery 17.
- the heat from the heat recovery 17 can be supplied to the production process, namely the preheater 8 for the reaction vessels 7 and the pyrolysis furnace 9 for preheating the combustion air 17.1.
- unused heat 17.2 can be used elsewhere, for example for heating the building.
- FIG. 2a and 2b illustrate the front and side view of a bogie hearth furnace 9.1 for the reaction vessel 7.
- the respective reaction vessel 7 is placed on a driven bogie wagon 22.
- the reaction container 7 used here has z. B. a diameter of about 1.80 m and a height of about 2.00 mm.
- Heating e.g. natural gas Hu 8000kcal / Nm 3 ,
- Mains voltage 230/400 V, 50 Hz,
- Control voltage 230 V, 50 Hz.
- the pyrolysis furnace 9.1 is completely lined and insulated; it has a lifting door 23 or similar. to close and open the oven 9.1.
- the existing one Burner system 24 consists of 2 special burners with the corresponding piping and devices for natural and process gas or process oil, combustion air or electrical heating. Furthermore there are: • a combustion air fan as well as fittings and control elements for
- the pyrolysis reaction vessel with lid is made of heat-resistant steel, including quick-release fasteners for the lid, heat-resistant seal, shut-off valve;
- thermocouples 25 in the furnace chamber and thermocouples 26 in the reaction vessel • an automatic temperature measuring and regulating device, installed in a control cabinet with associated control and regulating devices, with thermocouples 25 in the furnace chamber and thermocouples 26 in the reaction vessel;
- An analog exhaust pipe 27 for the furnace space is an analog exhaust pipe 27 for the furnace space.
- An exhaust gas line 11 opens into the reaction container lid.
- a shut-off valve mechanically connected to the lid is integrated into this line and is made of high-temperature-resistant and vacuum-resistant materials.
- the quick exhaust coupling connects to the exhaust pipe and then opens the shut-off valve.
- Fig. 3 shows the cross section through a shaft furnace 9.2 with a reaction container
- the technical data of a shaft furnace for reaction vessels are: Heating: e.g. natural gas Hu 8000 kccal / Nm 3 ,
- Mains voltage 230/400 V, 50 Hz
- control voltage 230 V, 50 Hz.
- the pyrolysis furnace 9.2 is completely lined and insulated; the existing burner system consists of 2 special burners with the corresponding pipes for natural gas or process gas or process oil and combustion air. There are also:
- the pyrolysis reaction container with a lid is made of heat-resistant steel, including quick-release fasteners 28 for the lid, two tilting eyes and three feet, the lid is arched, it has Transport eyes and pipe sockets as well as water cooling for the seal; the cover is designed so that it also closes the shaft furnace; an automatic temperature measuring and control system, installed in a control cabinet, with associated control and regulating devices; two temperature controllers; two sets of thermocouples (measuring probes) with compensating cables; a pipe with quick coupling 29 to the shut-off valve on the reaction vessel for the transport of the gas from the pyrolysis reaction vessel 7.
- the reaction container lid can optionally be equipped with a vacuum-tight circulation motor. Due to the circulation, a particularly uniform drying of the pyrolysis material can be achieved. Inserts are placed in the pyrolysis container 7, in which the materials to be pyrolyzed are stored. Spacers and baffles ensure that the pyrolysis gas flow can be guided particularly precisely. This ensures complete and efficient pyrolysis.
- the flue gas is routed in the same way as the reaction tank in the bogie hearth furnace.
- Connection ports for safety valves and an exhaust pipe of approx. DN 80 mm with a vacuum-tight, high-temperature-resistant shut-off valve are provided on the cover.
- the supply and disposal lines are preferably connected by means of quick couplings.
- the wall thickness of the container is adapted to the static requirements.
- the pyrolysis oil produced according to the invention is used on the one hand as an energy supplier.
- the pyrolysis oil is used advantageously as heating oil for the self-supply of the pyrolysis plant with electricity and heat.
- the pyrolysis oil consists of a number of components which are used as synthesis building blocks for the production of chemicals, polymers and other intermediates.
- the pyrolyseol contains approx. 0.4 to 0.6% sulfur and is a black, cloudy and easily flammable liquid. It smells characteristic of aromatics and contains cyclopentadiene as well as other bicycles and aromatics as building blocks.
- aromatic ingredients such as limonene, toluene and xylene were found.
- the pyrolysis is preferably refined into the components limonene, toluene and xylene.
- Limonene is of particular importance. This chemical compound belongs to the group of terpenes and has a pleasant lemon-like smell. This component of pyrolysis oil is used in large quantities by the chemical industry for the production of solvents, resins and perfumes. Limonene can also be used as a substitute for fluorinated and chlorinated hydrocarbons (CFCs).
- CFCs fluorinated and chlorinated hydrocarbons
- Toluene and xylene are also important starting materials for chemical substances from crop protection agents, dye synthesis, solvents, plastic materials and pigments.
- the carbon granulate obtained according to the invention is an inactive filler and is particularly suitable as a filler for rubber in rubber and tire manufacture.
- the inner surface of the carbon black produced from the carbon granulate is between approx. 77 m 2 / g and 42m 2 / g - determined according to the BET method.
- the carbon content of the carbon granulate is approx. 97.8%, the rest is ash. Furthermore, the carbon granules are neither soluble in cold acids, such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, nor in alkalis. Solubility in polar or non-polar solvents has also not been determined. Nitric acid is spontaneously decomposed into water and nitrous gases, which is due to the catalytic effect of the large inner surface.
- the carbon granulate is also used as a raw material for the production of color pigments for printing inks.
- the carbon granulate is an ultra-fine powder that fulfills the high demands on colors.
- a likewise preferred area of application of the carbon granules is the production of activated carbon by a process downstream of the pyrolysis process for enlarging the surface of the carbon granules up to 1000 m 2 / g.
- the activated carbon obtained in this way can, for example, be used as intended in filters for water purification or gas purification in exhaust air systems. Further areas of application arise in the food industry and medicine.
- the carbon granulate floats on the water surface and absorbs oil on the water. It is also oleophilic and is therefore advantageous as an oil binder on the
- Oil damage cases can be used.
- the carbon granulate is also used advantageously for combating burning oil.
- the carbon granulate is very general as
- Extinguishing media can be used, the fire by covering with a appropriate amount of granules oxygen is withdrawn and suffocated.
- a coating of glass with granules leads to an increase in fire resistance combined with a thermal insulation effect.
- Another advantageous area of use for the carbon granules according to the invention is in the creation of water retention layers.
- a particularly preferred area of use of the carbon granules obtained in accordance with the invention is the use for the production of lightweight components which have a special thermal insulation effect.
- a mixing ratio of carbon granules and cement of 2: 1 to 5: 1 is advantageously used, and a mixing ratio of 3: 1 is preferred.
- a 10 mm thick plate made of the aforementioned material with a preferred mixing ratio can withstand a deflated propane gas flame without a temperature increase being measurable on the opposite side of the plate.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10219440A DE10219440A1 (de) | 2002-04-26 | 2002-04-26 | Verfahren und Anlage zur Niedrigtemperatur-Pyrolyse von Gummi-Erzeugnissen, Stahl-Gummi-Verbunden und dergleichen |
DE10219440 | 2002-04-26 | ||
PCT/DE2003/001373 WO2003091359A1 (de) | 2002-04-26 | 2003-04-24 | Verfahren und anlage zur niedrigtemperatur-pyrolyse von gummi-erzeugnissen, stahl-gummi-verbunden und verwendung der pyrolyseprodukte |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1499696A1 true EP1499696A1 (de) | 2005-01-26 |
Family
ID=29224944
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03729850A Withdrawn EP1499696A1 (de) | 2002-04-26 | 2003-04-24 | Verfahren und anlage zur niedrigtemperatur-pyrolyse von gummi-erzeugnissen, stahl-gummi-verbunden und verwendung der pyrolyseprodukte |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050234274A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1499696A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1649981A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003240403A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10219440A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003091359A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE10348987B4 (de) * | 2003-10-17 | 2006-01-12 | Merenas Establishment | Vorrichtung zur Durchführung einer Niedrigtemperaturpyrolyse von Gummierzeugnissen und -Verbundprodukten |
ATE521681T1 (de) * | 2005-07-11 | 2011-09-15 | Carbo Tec Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum aufbereiten von kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen produkten |
DE102008010758A1 (de) * | 2008-02-23 | 2009-09-10 | SWU Gesellschaft für Umwelttechnik mbH | Verfahren zur Pyrolyse von organischen Abfallstoffen und Biomaterialien |
DE202008008956U1 (de) * | 2008-07-02 | 2009-02-19 | Fittkau, Wilfried, Dipl.-Ing. | Depolimerisationsreaktor für automatisierten Betrieb |
WO2010012275A2 (de) * | 2008-07-28 | 2010-02-04 | Corina Projahn | Pyrolyseprodukt und seine verwendung |
DE102009018514B4 (de) * | 2009-04-23 | 2012-09-27 | Dietmar Guschl | Verfahren zur Umwandlung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Abfallprodukten |
FR2946054B1 (fr) | 2009-06-02 | 2012-09-28 | Alfyma Ind | Procede de transformation de granulats de caoutchouc pour produire du carbonisat semi-actif et du plastifiant. |
DE102010017479B4 (de) * | 2010-06-21 | 2017-04-06 | Phoenix Conveyor Belt Systems Gmbh | Verfahren zum Trennen von Gummi und Metall im Rahmen der Wiederverwertung von Alt-Stahlseil-Fördergurten |
CN103305253A (zh) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-18 | 国家电网公司 | 一种汽车轮胎回收处理方法 |
DE102014007595A1 (de) * | 2014-05-26 | 2015-11-26 | Hilmar Hubbes | Verfahren der Aufbereitung von polymeren Abfällen |
US20170029705A1 (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2017-02-02 | Blizzard Energy, Inc. | Pyrolysis system with optimized reaction sequencing |
US20210101192A1 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2021-04-08 | Manik Ventures Limited | Material recycling appartus |
US10596487B2 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-03-24 | Rj Lee Group, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for clarification of pyrolysis oils |
IT201800003163A1 (it) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-01 | Tyrebirth S R L | Dispositivo di pirolisi |
CN110938450B (zh) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-10-09 | 华中科技大学 | 利用废轮胎加压热解制备热解油及柠檬烯的方法 |
DE102020215688A1 (de) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-06-15 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Verfahren zur Verringerung der Produktionskosten bei der Herstellung von Produkten in einem Produktionsbetrieb |
EP4303285A1 (de) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-10 | Merenas Trust Reg. | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur stofflichen behandlung von rohstoffen sowie mit dem verfahren hergestellter kohlenstoff |
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US4123332A (en) * | 1977-09-06 | 1978-10-31 | Energy Recovery Research Group, Inc. | Process and apparatus for carbonizing a comminuted solid carbonizable material |
US4401513A (en) * | 1980-09-26 | 1983-08-30 | Brewer John C | Apparatus for pyrolyzing shredded tires |
CA1334433C (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1995-02-14 | Christian Roy | Recovery of commercially valuable products from scrap tires |
US5342421A (en) * | 1990-03-14 | 1994-08-30 | Wayne Technology, Inc. | Pyrolytic gas treatment system |
US5894012A (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1999-04-13 | Gilbert W. Denison | Method and system for recovering marketable end products from waste rubber |
US5783046A (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1998-07-21 | Gentech, Inc. | Process and apparatus for the destructive distillation of rubber |
ATE208415T1 (de) * | 1997-12-22 | 2001-11-15 | Alcyon S A | Verfahren zur behandlung von gummi- und kunststoffabfällen |
DE19834596C1 (de) * | 1998-07-31 | 2000-02-03 | Leopold Hackl | Verfahren und Anlage zum Pyrolysieren von kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen Abfallprodukten |
SE513063C2 (sv) * | 1998-08-21 | 2000-06-26 | Bengt Sture Ershag | Förfarande vid återvinning av kol och kolväteföreningar från polymeriskt material, företrädesvis i form av kasserade däck, genom pyrolys i en pyrolysreaktor |
DE19852808C1 (de) * | 1998-11-17 | 2000-07-13 | Helmut Dobelke | Verfahren zur umweltschonenden Verwertung und/oder Verarbeitung von porösem Granulat |
DE10015721A1 (de) * | 1999-03-30 | 2000-11-09 | Hans Joerg Liebe | Verfahren zur trockenen Destillation von Industrie-Altgummi und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
WO2002026914A2 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-04 | Federal Recycling Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for recovering marketable products from scrap rubber |
DE10058162B4 (de) * | 2000-11-22 | 2008-03-27 | Helmut Dobelke | Verfahren zum Verschwelen von Altgummiprodukten, wie Autoreifen und dergleichen |
FR2822527B1 (fr) * | 2001-03-20 | 2003-10-10 | Maillot Sarl | Procede de traitement des dechets industriels et/ou menagers et installation de traitement des dechets industriels et/ou menagers |
CN100356103C (zh) * | 2002-06-03 | 2007-12-19 | 霍努阿技术公司 | 医疗废弃物和其它废料的热解方法 |
US6892655B2 (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2005-05-17 | Continental Cement Company, Llc | Drum transport device |
-
2002
- 2002-04-26 DE DE10219440A patent/DE10219440A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-04-24 AU AU2003240403A patent/AU2003240403A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-24 CN CNA038093995A patent/CN1649981A/zh active Pending
- 2003-04-24 EP EP03729850A patent/EP1499696A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-04-24 US US10/512,796 patent/US20050234274A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-24 WO PCT/DE2003/001373 patent/WO2003091359A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO03091359A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1649981A (zh) | 2005-08-03 |
AU2003240403A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 |
US20050234274A1 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
WO2003091359A1 (de) | 2003-11-06 |
DE10219440A1 (de) | 2003-11-13 |
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