EP1497176B1 - Device and method for wrapping unit loads or packaged goods - Google Patents

Device and method for wrapping unit loads or packaged goods Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1497176B1
EP1497176B1 EP03727324A EP03727324A EP1497176B1 EP 1497176 B1 EP1497176 B1 EP 1497176B1 EP 03727324 A EP03727324 A EP 03727324A EP 03727324 A EP03727324 A EP 03727324A EP 1497176 B1 EP1497176 B1 EP 1497176B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film section
packaged goods
film
over
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03727324A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1497176B9 (en
EP1497176A1 (en
Inventor
Reiner Hannen
Norbert Vermeulen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH
Original Assignee
MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE20206246U external-priority patent/DE20206246U1/en
Application filed by MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH filed Critical MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH
Priority to EP06016802A priority Critical patent/EP1717148B1/en
Publication of EP1497176A1 publication Critical patent/EP1497176A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1497176B1 publication Critical patent/EP1497176B1/en
Publication of EP1497176B9 publication Critical patent/EP1497176B9/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/15—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the preformed tubular webs being stored on filling nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for wrapping piece or packaged goods with an at least approximately hood-shaped elastic film section, which is folded by shirring and stretched and then pulled over the piece or packaged goods, wherein the shirred film section by means of a piece along the piece. stretched over the piece or packaged goods, and wherein the coating device has four movable in the plane perpendicular to the coating direction clamping fingers, each having a substantially extending in this plane bow-shaped clamping element and an attached arcuate, and in the Essentially in Studentsziehraum have extending support member to record the shirred film section in each of the corners of the piece or packaged goods to be wrapped corresponding areas and then over the piece and packaged goods over.
  • the film section which is usually one closed at one end Hood acts by shirring on the overdrawing device itself.
  • the overdrawing device has for this purpose apart movable chuck corners, wherein preferably in the corner regions of the overdrawing each a pair of a Rafrolle and an opposite counter-roller is provided, which are rotatably mounted about its horizontal axis.
  • the film section is clamped between the counter-rollers and the gathering rollers and is creased by the driven gathering rollers.
  • the clamping corners are moved apart, so that a tension is exerted on the film section and so the film section is stretched so that it can then be pulled over the piece or packaged goods.
  • the coating device is lowered along the piece or packaged goods, wherein the film portion rests against the top of the piece or packaged goods and is thereby held.
  • the wrinkles which form the periphery of the film section, increasingly withdrawn, so that when the coating device reaches its lowest position, the entire film section no longer has wrinkles and surrounds the piece or packaged goods and possibly the pallet underneath.
  • a separate gathering device and a separate coating device are provided.
  • the film section is gathered by a gathering device and then taken over by a separately movable coating device, which then covers it over the piece or packaged goods.
  • the coating device has in the corner regions opposite to the coating direction pointing rod-shaped holding elements, which take over the shirred film section of the shirring.
  • the film section is then stretched by moving apart of the holding elements and moves the overdrawing device for coating along the piece or packaged goods.
  • a disadvantage proves that when stretching the tube section this is not sufficiently fixed, so that the film section can not be sufficiently stretched, since it slips off some of the holding elements.
  • the object of the invention is to improve a device according to the preamble to the extent that the head portion of the film portion can be stretched more.
  • This object is achieved in that at least on a clamping finger from the outside at least in the region of the piece or packaged goods shortly before reaching the stall position furthest over the piece or packaged over-pullable fold, especially in the adjacent to this fold unfolded area of Film section, can be applied to the film section, baking-like and the corner region of the clamping finger at least partially embracing fixing device for clamping fixing the corresponding portion of the film section on the clamping fingers during stretching is provided and to increase the clamping effect at least the surface of the fixing device can be brought into contact with an adhesion improving Surface, wherein in order to avoid damage to the film section, the Surface has a soft coating, in particular sponge rubber or the surface alternately raised and recessed areas.
  • the fixing device is applied before the stretching from the outside at least in the region of the piece or packaged goods just before reaching the stall position furthest, over the piece or packaged over-folding fold, especially in the adjacent to this fold unfolded area, to the film section, so the film section is fixed in a clamping manner between the fixing device and the clamping finger. As a result, the film section can be stretched more in the head area.
  • the fixing device is only then released again after the head region of the film section rests on the piece or packaged goods during coating. Then the coating device is moved along the piece or packaged goods, so that the folds can be deducted from the coating device and the piece or packaged goods is surrounded by the film section.
  • the fixing devices can preferably be in the area of the fold not yet pulled off the clamping fingers and finally over the piece or packaged goods be applied again from the outside to the film section.
  • the film section can additionally be tightened and stretched in the coating direction in the almost completely over-drawn state.
  • a fixing device is provided in each case for two diagonally opposite clamping fingers. But it is also quite possible that a fixing device is arranged on each clamping finger.
  • the fixing device may have a design which is substantially adapted to the outer contour of the clamping finger in the contact region of the clamping finger and the fixing device.
  • the surface of the fixing device which can be brought into contact with the film section may be arc-shaped.
  • the fixing device may be movable in the plane perpendicular to the coating direction.
  • guide slide may be provided which allow movement along two adjacent side of the piece or packaged goods.
  • the fixing devices are only translationally movable or a combination of the different methods of operation is provided.
  • the fixing device can be moved by means of a rotatably arranged adjusting lever in the direction of the corresponding clamping finger. It is advisable if the fixing device is articulated on the adjusting lever, so that the fixing device optimally adapts to the outer contour of the clamping finger. It makes sense, if the Fixing device is rotatable only to a small extent with respect to the adjusting lever, to prevent that upon movement of the fixing device in the direction of the clamping finger, the fixing device is rotated and does not come into contact with the correspondingly provided surface with the film section.
  • the adjusting lever can be hydraulically or pneumatically actuated, for example. Other drives, such. As electrical, are possible.
  • the surface may have an adhesion-improving coating.
  • the coating device is intended only for stretching and coating, a separate gathering device is provided for independent gathering.
  • the subsequent stretching of the film section and coating on the piece or packaged goods is then carried out by the shirring separately and separately from the shirring along the piece or packaged movable overdrawing device. This makes it possible that by means of the gathering device already another film section can be gathered while the previous film section is still pulled over the piece or packaged goods.
  • the surface of the fixing device which can be brought into contact with the film section essentially corresponds to the minimum contact surface required for avoiding damage to the film section during stretching in coordination with the technical features and properties of the film section and the stretching to be achieved.
  • technical features and properties are understood, for example, the thickness, elasticity or stretchability of the film section, which have an influence on the minimum required contact surface in order to avoid damage.
  • shape, the size or the nature of the piece or packaged goods affect the size of the minimum required contact surface.
  • the invention also relates to a method for wrapping a piece or packaged goods with an at least approximately dome-shaped elastic film section, which is crinkled by shirring and stretched and then pulled over the piece or packaged, the shirred film section by means of a along the Stretched or packaged movable overdrawing device is stretched and over the piece or packaged goods, and wherein the coating device has four movable in the plane perpendicular to the coating direction clamping fingers, each having a substantially extending in this plane bow-shaped clamping element and an attached thereto arcuate, as well as pointing substantially extending in the direction of extending support member to the shirred film section in each of the corners of the piece or packaged goods to be enveloped areas to pick up and then over the piece and packaged goods over.
  • a disadvantage of known methods proves that the film section in the head area, d. H. in which the piece or packaged goods just before reaching the stall position furthest located area, can not be sufficiently stretched before coating, since the film section can be solved in this area during stretching of the clamping fingers.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve a method in that the head portion of the film portion can be stretched more.
  • This object is achieved in that at least on a clamping finger from the outside at least in the region of the piece or packaged goods shortly before reaching the stall position furthest over the piece or packaged over-pullable fold, especially in the adjacent to this fold unfolded area of Foil section, can be applied to the film section, baking-like and the corner region of the clamping finger at least partially embracing fixing device for clamping fixing the corresponding portion of the film section on the clamping fingers during stretching is provided, wherein at least one fixing before stretching the film section for fixing in the region of the corresponding clamping finger applied to the film section and after contact of the approximately hood-shaped film section with the piece or packaged goods is removed from the film section, wherein to avoid damage to the film section with the Folienabschn itt contactable surface of the fixing a soft Coating such. As sponge rubber, or other coatings. Due to the clamping fixation of the film section is secured when stretching on the clamping fingers from unintentional partial loosening during stretching, so that high degrees of stretch can be realized.
  • At least one fixing device can be applied again after removal of the folds shortly before removal of the film section from the access area of the fixing device for fixing the film section to this in the region of the corresponding clamping finger.
  • the fixing device By reapplying the fixing device shortly before completion of the coating process, the film section can be tightened in the coating direction and - if desired - also stretched, so that thereby high vertical degrees of stretch can be achieved.
  • the fixing devices are again removed from the film section and the coating device is preferably returned to its original position.
  • a method for wrapping piece or packaged goods with an at least approximately hood-shaped elastic film section which is folded by shirring and stretched and then pulled over the piece or packaged goods, wherein the shirred film section by means of a piece along the piece.
  • stretched and packaged movable overdrawing device and is pulled over the piece or packaged goods and wherein the overdrawing device may have four movable in the plane perpendicular to the coating direction clamping fingers, each having a substantially extending in this plane bow-shaped clamping element and an attached thereto arcuate, and pointing support element extending substantially in the direction of coating, to accommodate the shirred film section in each corresponding to the corners of the piece or packaged goods to be wrapped and then over-coat the piece and packaged goods.
  • the film section is gathered zieharonikaartig in the shirring process.
  • the folds should be oriented obliquely downwards towards the packaged item or packaged goods and pointing outwards. Only this uniform alignment of the folds ensures a later easy removal of the film section, since then fold by fold can be deducted from the overdrawing device.
  • the fold to be pulled off the adjacent fold which is to be peeled off in a next step is at least partially, if not completely, covered and thus pinched and held.
  • This circumstance can lead to damage of the film section, as by pulling out this fold high tensions occur in the film section and thus holes can be pulled into the film section.
  • This risk is particularly great in film sections of small thickness, since then pull the film section easier when pulling out, or piece or packaged goods high altitude, as a greater length of film section gathered and therefore a greater number of wrinkles must be formed.
  • the shirred film section is stretched over the piece or pack good in a first step by a first higher amount and in a second step the stretch of the film section during the coating process the shirred film section over the piece or packaged goods to a lesser amount, but still allows the coating is reduced.
  • the film section is first stretched in a first step by an amount that is significantly above the stretch, as has been done in previously conventional methods.
  • This stretching has been kept as low as possible on a regular basis and limited to the required for a proper implementation of the process minimum extension.
  • the film section is stretched by such a smaller amount that during coating there is an all-round distance between each side of the piece or packaged goods and the film section of 3 to 5 cm.
  • the film portion is first stretched in a first step by a greater amount, so that in this more stretched state, an all-round distance between each side of the piece or packaged goods and stretched by the greater amount of film section of about 6 to 10 cm established. Stronger extensions are possible.
  • the clamping fingers By subsequently reducing the stretch of the film portion in a second step during the coating process - by moving respective components of the coating device, usually the clamping fingers - the tension in the folds of the gathered film portion is reduced, whereby the wrinkles, especially in a non-desired folding orientation, not more so strongly clamped by an adjacent fold and are held, so that the film section without damage can be easily removed during the coating process.
  • the reduction in tension may result from an at least partially delayed reset with a corresponding resulting, still beyond the minimum extent and / or at a successful default, which is less than the release of all holding forces free recovery, from the time offset, with the Tension is restored, resulting.
  • the higher amount of stretch is outside the tolerance range of the extension by the smaller amount and is clearly to be regarded as excessive compared to the extension by the smaller amount.
  • the measure of the smaller amount of stretch which corresponds to the minimum stretch, depends not only on the geometry of piece or packaged goods. Other parameters, such. As the dimensions of the located within the film section system parts of the stall, have an influence on the degree of the lesser amount of stretch.
  • the reduction of the stretch to the smaller amount can be done with the first contact of the film section with the top of the piece or packaged goods or only at a later time during the coating process.
  • the complete coating process is at least for the most part completed before all recovery operations have been completed and the film section has again reached the extent afforded by the stretch to a lesser extent.
  • the reduction of the stretch can be done in the first third of the coating process.
  • the coating process begins with the contact of the film section with the top of the piece or packaged goods.
  • the reduction of the stretch at a distance of 5 to 20 cm from the top of the piece or packaged goods, preferably at a distance of 10 cm from the top of the piece or packaged goods, take place.
  • the film section stretched by a higher amount in the first step is fixed at the beginning of the coating process by means of at least one fixing device, and the fixing device is removed again with a reduction of the stretch in a second step to a smaller amount from the film section.
  • the film section stretched by the higher amount in the first step is first fixed.
  • the film section sets only on the top side of the piece or packaged goods, while the sides of the piece or packaged goods are not in contact with the film section.
  • the fixing device is then detached from the film section in a second step with reduction of the stretching to a smaller amount, so that then the film section can be pulled off fold by fold.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a coating device 1 of a device according to the invention. Not shown is an upstream in the process sequence shirring.
  • the coating device 1 has four clamping fingers 2, which are arranged in the respective corners of a piece or packaged goods 3 partially shown.
  • Each clamping finger 2 consists of an arcuately shaped tubular clamping element 4, which is aligned in a direction perpendicular to the coating direction 5 level.
  • an approximately angularly shaped support member 6 is formed, which is fastened via a lower side cross member 7 to a support structure 8.
  • the two ends of the clamping element 4 are connected by means of a strut 9 with the corresponding support member 6.
  • a mast 10 On top of the cross member 7, a mast 10 is arranged. On this mast 10, a control lever 12 is rotatably struck by a bearing 11, at whose free end via a further bearing 13, a fixing device 14 is attached. The engageable with the clamping finger 2 surface of the Fixing device 14, the outer contour of the clamping finger 2 is attached. Since the support member 6 of the clamping finger 2 is formed approximately arcuate in the illustrated embodiment, so far, the fixing device 14 has a corresponding arcuate training. But it is also quite possible that the clamping finger 2 is provided at the level of the clamping element 4.
  • a cylinder 15 which is shown in dashed lines in the figures. This may be, for example, a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder.
  • the clamping fingers 2 and thus also the fixing device 14 fastened to the traverse 7 are movable along the longitudinal edges of the piece or packaged goods 3 (arrows 16, 17).
  • the support structure 8 is connected via guides 18 with a guide rail 19.
  • the traverse 7 attacking chains 20, 21 the clamping fingers 2 can be moved in the direction of the arrow 17.
  • the guide rail 19 is arranged on the upper side of a holding element 22, that the overdrawing device 1 in the direction of arrow 16 is movable.
  • the exact construction for enabling the travel in the direction of the arrow 16 is not shown for reasons of clarity.
  • each overdrawing device 1 in the direction of arrow 23 along the piece or packaged goods 3 can be moved, a hydraulic cylinder 24 is provided in the illustrated embodiment, the underside of the holding element 22 attacks. But there are also other constructions to achieve a mobility in the direction of arrow 23 is possible.
  • the four clamping fingers 2 engage in a downwardly opened film section 25.
  • the film section 25 is already placed by gathering on the clamping fingers 2 in folds 26.
  • the shirring itself is done in a separate shirring not shown.
  • the film section 25 was taken over by the shirring device in the shirred state of the illustrated overdrawing device 1.
  • each fixing device 14 After taking over the shirred film section 25, each fixing device 14 is pivoted in the direction of the arrow 27 in the direction of the respective clamping finger 2, so that the film section 25 between the support member 6 of the clamping finger 2 and the corresponding fixing device 14 is fixed by clamping.
  • the area of the fixing device 14 which can be brought into contact with the film section 25 has a soft coating 28, such as, for example, B. sponge rubber, on. But there are also other coatings conceivable.
  • the clamping fingers 2 After applying the fixing device 14, the clamping fingers 2 to the outside, for example, diagonally outwardly in the direction of the arrow 29 moves apart, so that the film portion 25 is stretched. Due to the clamping fixation of the film portion 25 in the head area, d. H. In this case, the closed trained end to be optimally stretched.
  • the overdrawing device 1 After stretching, the overdrawing device 1 is moved in the overdrawing direction 5 along the piece or packaged goods 3.
  • the fixing devices 14 are moved back into the position shown in dashed lines in FIG.
  • the folds 26 are increasingly withdrawn from the clamping fingers 2, so that when the overdrawing device 1 reaches its extreme lower position, the entire film section 25 has no more folds 26 and the piece or packaged goods 3 surrounds.
  • the fixing devices 14 For the final tightening of the film section 25 in coating direction 5 and possibly for stretching in coating direction 5, the fixing devices 14, shortly before the film section 25 has been completely withdrawn from the clamping fingers 2, again moved to the position shown in Figure 2 by solid lines, so that the film section 25 is again fixed between the fixing devices 14 and the corresponding clamping fingers 2 by clamping.
  • the film section 25 can be optimally tightened and stretched in the direction of coating 5.
  • the fixing devices 14 are pivoted back, and the overdrawing device 1 again moved counter to the coating direction 5 in its original, shown in Fig. 1 position to take over another shirred film section 25.
  • the folds 26 should not have the uniform downwardly and outwardly pointing orientation shown in Fig. 1 after shirring, offers for a damage-free removal of the film portion 25 of the tensioning fingers 2, that the shirred film portion 25 is stretched over the piece or packaged goods 3 in a first step by a first higher amount and in a second step, the stretching of the film portion 25 during the coating process of the shirred film section 25 over the piece - or packaged 3 to a lesser amount, but still allows the coating is reduced.
  • the film section 25 is first stretched in the first step by a greater amount, so that in this more stretched state, an all-round distance between each side of the piece or packaged goods 3 and stretched by the greater amount of film section 25 of about 6 to 10 cm. Stronger extensions are possible.
  • the tension in the folds 26 of the gathered film section 25 is reduced by moving the clamping fingers 2 along the edges of the piece or packaged goods 3 (arrows 16, 17) the folds 26 are no longer so strongly clamped and held by an adjacent fold 26, so that the film portion 25 can be easily removed without damage during the coating process.
  • the reduction of the stretch can be carried out continuously or stepwise, in particular multi-stage.
  • one and the same component e.g. As a geared motor can be used, which is driven accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Container Filling Or Packaging Operations (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)

Abstract

The assembly for wrapping loads or packaged goods (3), with a hood of an elastic film (25), gathers the film into pleats (26) to be laid in place and drawn, to be pulled over the packaged goods. The pleated film is drawn by a mobile covering unit (1) which pulls it over the package, using four stretching fingers (2) which can move on a plane at right angles to the covering direction (5). Each finger has a curved film tensioner (4) in this plane, and a support (6) in the covering direction to take the pleated film over the corners of the package, and draw it down over the package.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen von Stück- oder Packgut mit einem zumindest in etwa haubenförmigen elastischen Folienabschnitt, der durch Raffen in Falten gelegt und gestreckt und anschließend über das Stück- oder Packgut gezogen wird, wobei der geraffte Folienabschnitt mittels einer entlang des Stück- oder Packgutes verfahrbaren Überzieheinrichtung gestreckt und über das Stück- oder Packgut übergezogen wird, und wobei die Überzieheinrichtung vier in der zur Überziehrichtung senkrechten Ebene bewegbare Spannfinger aufweist, die jeweils ein im Wesentlichen sich in dieser Ebene erstreckendes bügelförmiges Spannelement und ein daran befestigtes bogenförmiges, sowie im Wesentlichen in Überziehrichtung weisend sich erstreckendes Stützelement aufweisen, um den gerafften Folienabschnitt in den jeweils den Ecken des zu umhüllenden Stück- oder Packgutes entsprechenden Bereichen aufzunehmen und dann über das Stück- und Packgut überzuziehen.The invention relates to a device for wrapping piece or packaged goods with an at least approximately hood-shaped elastic film section, which is folded by shirring and stretched and then pulled over the piece or packaged goods, wherein the shirred film section by means of a piece along the piece. stretched over the piece or packaged goods, and wherein the coating device has four movable in the plane perpendicular to the coating direction clamping fingers, each having a substantially extending in this plane bow-shaped clamping element and an attached arcuate, and in the Essentially in Überziehrichtung have extending support member to record the shirred film section in each of the corners of the piece or packaged goods to be wrapped corresponding areas and then over the piece and packaged goods over.

Bei einer Art einer bekannten Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen erfolgt das in Faltenlegen des Folienabschnittes, bei dem es sich üblicherweise um eine an einem Ende geschlossene Haube handelt, durch Raffen auf der Überzieheinrichtung selbst. Die Überzieheinrichtung weist hierzu auseinander fahrbare Spannecken auf, wobei vorzugsweise in den Eckbereichen der Überzieheinrichtung je ein Paar von einer Raffrolle und einer gegenüberliegenden Gegenrolle vorgesehen ist, die um ihre horizontale Achse drehbar gelagert sind. Nach Einführen der Überzieheinrichtung in den Folienabschnitt wird der Folienabschnitt zwischen den Gegenrollen und den Raffrollen eingespannt und durch die angetriebenen Raffrollen in Falten gelegt. Nach dem in Faltenlegen werden die Spannecken auseinander gefahren, damit eine Spannung auf den Folienabschnitt ausgeübt wird und so der Folienabschnitt gedehnt wird, damit er anschließend über das Stück- oder Packgut gezogen werden kann. Hierzu wird die Überzieheinrichtung entlang des Stück- oder Packgutes abgesenkt, wobei der Folienabschnitt an der Oberseite des Stück- oder Packgutes anliegt und hierdurch festgehalten wird. Beim Absenken werden die Falten, die den Umfang des Folienabschnittes bilden, zunehmend abgezogen, so dass, wenn die Überzieheinrichtung ihre unterste Stellung erreicht, der gesamte Folienabschnitt keine Falten mehr aufweist und das Stück- oder Packgut und ggf. die darunter befindliche Palette umgibt.In one type of known device for wrapping, this is done by folding the film section, which is usually one closed at one end Hood acts by shirring on the overdrawing device itself. The overdrawing device has for this purpose apart movable chuck corners, wherein preferably in the corner regions of the overdrawing each a pair of a Rafrolle and an opposite counter-roller is provided, which are rotatably mounted about its horizontal axis. After inserting the coating device into the film section, the film section is clamped between the counter-rollers and the gathering rollers and is creased by the driven gathering rollers. After folding, the clamping corners are moved apart, so that a tension is exerted on the film section and so the film section is stretched so that it can then be pulled over the piece or packaged goods. For this purpose, the coating device is lowered along the piece or packaged goods, wherein the film portion rests against the top of the piece or packaged goods and is thereby held. When lowering the wrinkles, which form the periphery of the film section, increasingly withdrawn, so that when the coating device reaches its lowest position, the entire film section no longer has wrinkles and surrounds the piece or packaged goods and possibly the pallet underneath.

Um zu verhindern, dass beim Strecken der Folienabschnitt von den Spannecken abgezogen wird, wird dieser zwischen den Raffrädern und den Gegenrollen fixiert. Nachteilig ist, dass der Folienabschnitt nur auf einer sehr geringen Fläche fixiert wird, so dass der Folienabschnitt im Kopfbereich nur bedingt gestreckt werden kann, da ansonsten der Folienabschnitt beschädigt wird.In order to prevent that the film section is pulled off the clamping corners during stretching, this is fixed between the shirring wheels and the counter-rollers. The disadvantage is that the film section is fixed only on a very small area, so that the film section in the head area can be stretched only conditionally, otherwise the film section is damaged.

Bei einer anderen Art einer bekannten Vorrichtung ist eine separate Raff- und eine separate Überzieheinrichtung vorgesehen. Der Folienabschnitt wird von einer Raffeinrichtung gerafft und dann von einer separat bewegbaren Überzieheinrichtung übernommen, die diesen anschließend über das Stück- oder Packgut überzieht. Die Überzieheinrichtung weist in den Eckbereichen entgegen der Überziehrichtung weisende stabförmige Halteelemente auf, die den gerafften Folienabschnitt von der Raffeinrichtung übernehmen. Der Folienabschnitt wird anschließend durch Auseinanderfahren der Halteelemente gedehnt und die Überzieheinrichtung zum Überziehen entlang des Stück- oder Packgutes bewegt. Als Nachteil erweist sich, dass beim Strecken des Schlauchabschnittes dieser nicht hinreichend fixiert ist, so dass der Folienabschnitt nicht hinreichend gestreckt werden kann, da er teilweise von den Halteelementen abrutscht.In another type of known device, a separate gathering device and a separate coating device are provided. The film section is gathered by a gathering device and then taken over by a separately movable coating device, which then covers it over the piece or packaged goods. The coating device has in the corner regions opposite to the coating direction pointing rod-shaped holding elements, which take over the shirred film section of the shirring. The film section is then stretched by moving apart of the holding elements and moves the overdrawing device for coating along the piece or packaged goods. A disadvantage proves that when stretching the tube section this is not sufficiently fixed, so that the film section can not be sufficiently stretched, since it slips off some of the holding elements.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung gemäß Oberbegriff dahingehend zu verbessern, dass der Kopfbereich des Folienabschnittes stärker gestreckt werden kann.The object of the invention is to improve a device according to the preamble to the extent that the head portion of the film portion can be stretched more.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass zumindest an einem Spannfinger eine von außen zumindest im Bereich der dem Stück- oder Packgut kurz vor Erreichen der Überziehposition am entferntesten befindlichen, über das Stück- oder Packgut überzuziehenden Falte, insbesondere im an diese Falte angrenzenden ungefalteten Bereich des Folienabschnittes, an den Folienabschnitt anlegbare, backenähnliche und den Eckbereich des Spannfingers zumindest teilweise umgreifende Fixiereinrichtung zur klemmenden Fixierung des entsprechenden Bereiches des Folienabschnittes auf den Spannfingern beim Strecken vorgesehen ist und zur Erhöhung der Klemmwirkung zumindest die mit dem Folienabschnitt in Kontakt bringbare Fläche der Fixiereinrichtung eine haftungsverbessernde Oberfläche aufweist, wobei um Beschädigungen des Folienabschnittes zu vermeiden, die Oberfläche eine weiche Beschichtung, insbesondere Moosgummi oder die Oberfläche abwechselnd erhabene und vertiefte Bereiche aufweist. Die Fixiereinrichtung wird vor dem Strecken von außen zumindest im Bereich der dem Stück- oder Packgut kurz vor Erreichen der Überziehposition am entferntesten befindlichen, über das Stück- oder Packgut überzuziehenden Falte, insbesondere im an diese Falte angrenzenden ungefalteten Bereich, an den Folienabschnitt angelegt, so dass der Folienabschnitt zwischen der Fixiereinrichtung und dem Spannfinger klemmend fixiert wird. Hierdurch kann der Folienabschnitt im Kopfbereich stärker gedehnt werden. Die Fixiereinrichtung wird erst dann wieder gelöst, nachdem beim Überziehen der Kopfbereich des Folienabschnittes an dem Stück- oder Packgut anliegt. Sodann wird die Überzieheinrichtung entlang des Stück- oder Packgutes verfahren, so dass die Falten von der Überzieheinrichtung abgezogen werden können und das Stück- oder Packgut von dem Folienabschnitt umgeben ist.This object is achieved in that at least on a clamping finger from the outside at least in the region of the piece or packaged goods shortly before reaching the stall position furthest over the piece or packaged over-pullable fold, especially in the adjacent to this fold unfolded area of Film section, can be applied to the film section, baking-like and the corner region of the clamping finger at least partially embracing fixing device for clamping fixing the corresponding portion of the film section on the clamping fingers during stretching is provided and to increase the clamping effect at least the surface of the fixing device can be brought into contact with an adhesion improving Surface, wherein in order to avoid damage to the film section, the Surface has a soft coating, in particular sponge rubber or the surface alternately raised and recessed areas. The fixing device is applied before the stretching from the outside at least in the region of the piece or packaged goods just before reaching the stall position furthest, over the piece or packaged over-folding fold, especially in the adjacent to this fold unfolded area, to the film section, so the film section is fixed in a clamping manner between the fixing device and the clamping finger. As a result, the film section can be stretched more in the head area. The fixing device is only then released again after the head region of the film section rests on the piece or packaged goods during coating. Then the coating device is moved along the piece or packaged goods, so that the folds can be deducted from the coating device and the piece or packaged goods is surrounded by the film section.

Sofern ein Straffen in Überziehrichtung des nahezu vollständig an dem Stück- oder Packgut anliegenden Folienabschnittes und ggf. ein Strecken in Überziehrichtung gewünscht ist, können die Fixiereinrichtungen vorzugsweise im Bereich der noch nicht von den Spannfingern abgezogenen, zuletzt über das Stück- oder das Packgut überzuziehenden Falte wieder von außen an den Folienabschnitt angelegt werden. Durch diese klemmende Fixierung im Bereich des offenen Endes des Folienabschnittes kann der Folienabschnitt zusätzlich in Überziehrichtung im nahezu vollständig übergezogenen Zustand noch gestrafft und gestreckt werden.If it is desired to tighten in the overmolding direction of the film section almost completely adjacent to the piece or packaged goods and, if appropriate, to stretch in the overmolding direction, the fixing devices can preferably be in the area of the fold not yet pulled off the clamping fingers and finally over the piece or packaged goods be applied again from the outside to the film section. As a result of this clamping fixation in the region of the open end of the film section, the film section can additionally be tightened and stretched in the coating direction in the almost completely over-drawn state.

Vorteilhafterweise ist bei zwei diagonal gegenüberliegenden Spannfingern je eine Fixiereinrichtung vorgesehen. Es ist aber auch durchaus möglich, dass an jedem Spannfinger je eine Fixiereinrichtung angeordnet ist.Advantageously, a fixing device is provided in each case for two diagonally opposite clamping fingers. But it is also quite possible that a fixing device is arranged on each clamping finger.

Die Fixiereinrichtung kann eine im Wesentlichen der Außenkontur des Spannfingers im Kontaktbereich von Spannfinger und Fixiereinrichtung angepasste Ausgestaltung aufweisen. Hierdurch wird der Folienabschnitt auf einer möglichst großen Fläche zwischen Fixiereinrichtung und Spannfinger klemmend fixiert, so dass hohe Streckungsgrade im Kopfbereich erzielt werden können. Gleichzeitig kann der Folienabschnitt kurz vor dem Abschluss des Überziehvorganges in Überzieheinrichtung noch stark gestrafft oder sogar gestreckt werden.The fixing device may have a design which is substantially adapted to the outer contour of the clamping finger in the contact region of the clamping finger and the fixing device. As a result, the film section is fixed in a clamping manner on the largest possible area between the fixing device and the clamping finger, so that high levels of stretching in the head area can be achieved. At the same time, the film section can be tightly tightened or even stretched just before the completion of the coating process in Überzieheinrichtung.

Die mit dem Folienabschnitt in Kontakt bringbare Fläche der Fixiereinrichtung kann bogenförmig ausgebildet sein.The surface of the fixing device which can be brought into contact with the film section may be arc-shaped.

Die Fixiereinrichtung kann in der zur Überziehrichtung senkrechten Ebene bewegbar sein. Hierzu können beispielsweise Führungsschlitten vorgesehen sein, die eine Bewegung entlang zweier angrenzender Seite des Stück- oder Packgutes erlauben. Es ist aber auch durchaus möglich, dass die Fixiereinrichtungen ausschließlich translatorisch verfahrbar sind oder eine Kombination der verschiedenen Verfahrweisen vorgesehen ist.The fixing device may be movable in the plane perpendicular to the coating direction. For this purpose, for example, guide slide may be provided which allow movement along two adjacent side of the piece or packaged goods. But it is also quite possible that the fixing devices are only translationally movable or a combination of the different methods of operation is provided.

Die Fixiereinrichtung kann mittels eines drehbar angeordneten Stellhebels in Richtung des entsprechenden Spannfingers bewegbar sein. Dabei bietet sich an, wenn die Fixiereinrichtung gelenkig an dem Stellhebel gelagert ist, so dass sich die Fixiereinrichtung optimal der Außenkontur des Spannfingers anpasst. Dabei bietet sich an, wenn die Fixiereinrichtung nur in einem geringen Maße in Bezug auf den Stellhebel verdrehbar ist, um zu verhindern, dass bei Bewegung der Fixiereinrichtung in Richtung des Spannfingers sich die Fixiereinrichtung verdreht und nicht mit der entsprechend vorgesehenen Fläche mit dem Folienabschnitt in Kontakt kommt. Der Stellhebel kann beispielsweise hydraulisch oder pneumatisch betätigbar sein. Auch andere Antriebe, wie z. B. elektrische, sind möglich.The fixing device can be moved by means of a rotatably arranged adjusting lever in the direction of the corresponding clamping finger. It is advisable if the fixing device is articulated on the adjusting lever, so that the fixing device optimally adapts to the outer contour of the clamping finger. It makes sense, if the Fixing device is rotatable only to a small extent with respect to the adjusting lever, to prevent that upon movement of the fixing device in the direction of the clamping finger, the fixing device is rotated and does not come into contact with the correspondingly provided surface with the film section. The adjusting lever can be hydraulically or pneumatically actuated, for example. Other drives, such. As electrical, are possible.

Die Oberfläche kann dabei eine haftungsverbessernde Beschichtung aufweisen.The surface may have an adhesion-improving coating.

Sofern die Überzieheinrichtung lediglich zum Strecken und Überziehen vorgesehen ist, ist zum unabhängigen Raffen eine separate Raffeinrichtung vorgesehen. Das anschließende Strecken des Folienabschnittes und Überziehen über das Stück- oder Packgut erfolgt dann durch die von der Raffeinrichtung separat und getrennt von der Raffeinrichtung entlang des Stück- oder Packgutes verfahrbaren Überzieheinrichtung. Hierdurch ist es möglich, dass mittels der Raffeinrichtung bereits ein weiterer Folienabschnitt gerafft werden kann, während der vorhergehende Folienabschnitt noch über das Stück- oder Packgut übergezogen wird.If the coating device is intended only for stretching and coating, a separate gathering device is provided for independent gathering. The subsequent stretching of the film section and coating on the piece or packaged goods is then carried out by the shirring separately and separately from the shirring along the piece or packaged movable overdrawing device. This makes it possible that by means of the gathering device already another film section can be gathered while the previous film section is still pulled over the piece or packaged goods.

Vorteilhafterweise entspricht die mit dem Folienabschnitt in Kontakt bringbare Fläche der Fixiereinrichtung im Wesentlichen der minimal zur Vermeidung einer Beschädigung des Folienabschnittes während des Streckens unter Abstimmung auf die technischen Merkmale und Eigenschaften des Folienabschnittes sowie der zu erzielenden Streckung erforderlichen Anpressfläche. Unter "technischen Merkmalen" und Eigenschaften werden beispielsweise die Dicke, die Elastizität oder die Streckbarkeit des Folienabschnittes verstanden, die Einfluss auf die minimale erforderliche Anpressfläche haben, um Beschädigungen zu vermeiden. Unter Umständen kann auch die Form, die Größe oder die Beschaffenheit des Stück- oder Packgutes die Größe der minimal erforderlichen Anpressfläche beeinflussen.Advantageously, the surface of the fixing device which can be brought into contact with the film section essentially corresponds to the minimum contact surface required for avoiding damage to the film section during stretching in coordination with the technical features and properties of the film section and the stretching to be achieved. By "technical features" and properties are understood, for example, the thickness, elasticity or stretchability of the film section, which have an influence on the minimum required contact surface in order to avoid damage. Under certain circumstances, the shape, the size or the nature of the piece or packaged goods affect the size of the minimum required contact surface.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ebenfalls ein Verfahren zum Umhüllen eines Stück- oder Packgutes mit einem zumindest in etwa haubenförmigen elastischen Folienabschnitt, der durch Raffen in Falten gelegt und gestreckt und anschließend über das Stück- oder Packgut gezogen wird, wobei der geraffte Folienabschnitt mittels einer entlang des Stück- oder Packgutes verfahrbaren Überzieheinrichtung gestreckt und über das Stück- oder Packgut übergezogen wird, und wobei die Überzieheinrichtung vier in der zur Überziehrichtung senkrechten Ebene bewegbare Spannfinger aufweist, die jeweils ein im Wesentlichen sich in dieser Ebene erstreckendes bügelförmiges Spannelement und ein daran befestigtes bogenförmiges, sowie im Wesentlichen in Überziehrichtung weisend sich erstreckendes Stützelement aufweisen, um den gerafften Folienabschnitt in den jeweils den Ecken des zu umhüllenden Stück- oder Packgutes entsprechenden Bereichen aufzunehmen und dann über das Stück- und Packgut überzuziehen.The invention also relates to a method for wrapping a piece or packaged goods with an at least approximately dome-shaped elastic film section, which is crinkled by shirring and stretched and then pulled over the piece or packaged, the shirred film section by means of a along the Stretched or packaged movable overdrawing device is stretched and over the piece or packaged goods, and wherein the coating device has four movable in the plane perpendicular to the coating direction clamping fingers, each having a substantially extending in this plane bow-shaped clamping element and an attached thereto arcuate, as well as pointing substantially extending in the direction of extending support member to the shirred film section in each of the corners of the piece or packaged goods to be enveloped areas to pick up and then over the piece and packaged goods over.

Als nachteilig bei bekannten Verfahren erweist sich, dass der Folienabschnitt im Kopfbereich, d. h. in dem dem Stück- oder Packgut kurz vor Erreichen der Überziehposition am entferntesten befindlichen Bereich, nicht hinreichend vor dem Überziehen gestreckt werden kann, da sich der Folienabschnitt in diesem Bereich beim Strecken von den Spannfingern lösen kann.A disadvantage of known methods proves that the film section in the head area, d. H. in which the piece or packaged goods just before reaching the stall position furthest located area, can not be sufficiently stretched before coating, since the film section can be solved in this area during stretching of the clamping fingers.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren dahingehend zu verbessern, dass der Kopfbereich des Folienabschnittes stärker gestreckt werden kann.The object of the invention is therefore to improve a method in that the head portion of the film portion can be stretched more.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass zumindest an einem Spannfinger eine von außen zumindest im Bereich der dem Stück- oder Packgut kurz vor Erreichen der Überziehposition am entferntesten befindlichen, über das Stück- oder Packgut überzuziehenden Falte, insbesondere im an diese Falte angrenzenden ungefalteten Bereich des Folienabschnittes, an den Folienabschnitt anlegbare, backenähnliche und den Eckbereich des Spannfingers zumindest teilweise umgreifende Fixiereinrichtung zur klemmenden Fixierung des entsprechenden Bereiches des Folienabschnittes auf den Spannfingern beim Strecken vorgesehen ist, wobei wenigstens eine Fixiereinrichtung vor dem Strecken des Folienabschnitts zur Fixierung im Bereich des entsprechenden Spannfingers an den Folienabschnitt angelegt und nach Kontakt des in etwa haubenförmigen Folienabschnittes mit dem Stück- oder Packgut von dem Folienabschnitt entfernt wird, wobei zur Vermeidung von Beschädigungen des Folienabschnitts die mit dem Folienabschnitt in Kontakt bringbare Fläche der Fixiereinrichtung eine weiche Beschichtung, wie z. B. Moosgummi, oder auch andere Beschichtungen aufweist. Durch die klemmende Fixierung wird der Folienabschnitt beim Strecken auf den Spannfingern vor einem unbeabsichtigten teilweisen Lösen beim Strecken gesichert, so dass hohe Streckungsgrade realisiert werden können.This object is achieved in that at least on a clamping finger from the outside at least in the region of the piece or packaged goods shortly before reaching the stall position furthest over the piece or packaged over-pullable fold, especially in the adjacent to this fold unfolded area of Foil section, can be applied to the film section, baking-like and the corner region of the clamping finger at least partially embracing fixing device for clamping fixing the corresponding portion of the film section on the clamping fingers during stretching is provided, wherein at least one fixing before stretching the film section for fixing in the region of the corresponding clamping finger applied to the film section and after contact of the approximately hood-shaped film section with the piece or packaged goods is removed from the film section, wherein to avoid damage to the film section with the Folienabschn itt contactable surface of the fixing a soft Coating such. As sponge rubber, or other coatings. Due to the clamping fixation of the film section is secured when stretching on the clamping fingers from unintentional partial loosening during stretching, so that high degrees of stretch can be realized.

Vorteilhafterweise kann wenigstens eine Fixiereinrichtung nach Abziehen der Falten kurz vor Entfernen des Folienabschnittes aus dem Zugriffsbereich der Fixiereinrichtung erneut zur Fixierung des Folienabschnittes an diesen im Bereich des entsprechenden Spannfingers angelegt werden. Durch das erneute Anlegen der Fixiereinrichtung kurz vor Abschluss des Überziehvorganges kann der Folienabschnitt in Überziehrichtung gestrafft und - sofern erwünscht - auch gestreckt werden, so dass hierdurch hohe vertikale Streckungsgrade erreicht werden können. Im Anschluss daran werden die Fixiereinrichtungen wieder von dem Folienabschnitt entfernt und die Überzieheinrichtung vorzugsweise in ihre ursprüngliche Position zurückgefahren.Advantageously, at least one fixing device can be applied again after removal of the folds shortly before removal of the film section from the access area of the fixing device for fixing the film section to this in the region of the corresponding clamping finger. By reapplying the fixing device shortly before completion of the coating process, the film section can be tightened in the coating direction and - if desired - also stretched, so that thereby high vertical degrees of stretch can be achieved. Following this, the fixing devices are again removed from the film section and the coating device is preferably returned to its original position.

Es gibt auch ein Verfahren zum Umhüllen von Stück- oder Packgut mit einem zumindest in etwa haubenförmigen elastischen Folienabschnitt, der durch Raffen in Falten gelegt und gestreckt und anschließend über das Stück- oder Packgut gezogen wird, wobei der geraffte Folienabschnitt mittels einer entlang des Stück- oder Packgutes verfahrbaren Überzieheinrichtung gestreckt und über das Stück- oder Packgut übergezogen wird, und wobei die Überzieheinrichtung vier in der zur Überziehrichtung senkrechten Ebene bewegbare Spannfinger aufweisen kann, die jeweils ein im Wesentlichen sich in dieser Ebene erstreckendes bügelförmiges Spannelement und ein daran befestigtes bogenförmiges, sowie im Wesentlichen in Überziehrichtung weisend sich erstreckendes Stützelement aufweisen kann, um den gerafften Folienabschnitt in den jeweils den Ecken des zu umhüllenden Stück- oder Packgutes entsprechenden Bereichen aufzunehmen und dann über das Stück- und Packgut überzuziehen.There is also a method for wrapping piece or packaged goods with an at least approximately hood-shaped elastic film section, which is folded by shirring and stretched and then pulled over the piece or packaged goods, wherein the shirred film section by means of a piece along the piece. stretched and packaged movable overdrawing device and is pulled over the piece or packaged goods, and wherein the overdrawing device may have four movable in the plane perpendicular to the coating direction clamping fingers, each having a substantially extending in this plane bow-shaped clamping element and an attached thereto arcuate, and pointing support element extending substantially in the direction of coating, to accommodate the shirred film section in each corresponding to the corners of the piece or packaged goods to be wrapped and then over-coat the piece and packaged goods.

Damit der geraffte und soweit gestreckte Folienabschnitt, dass er über das Stück- oder Packgut übergezogen werden kann, während des Überziehvorganges leicht und beschädigungsfrei abgezogen werden kann, wird der Folienabschnitt im Raffvorgang zieharmonikaartig gerafft. Nach dem Raffvorgang sollen die Falten dabei schräg nach unten zum verpackenden Stück- oder Packgut hin und nach außen weisend ausgerichtet sein. Erst diese gleichmäßige Ausrichtung der Falten gewährleistet ein späteres problemloses Abziehen des Folienabschnittes, da dann Falte für Falte von der Überzieheinrichtung abgezogen werden kann.So that the shirred and as far stretched film section that he can be covered over the piece or packaged goods, during the coating process can be easily and without damage removed, the film section is gathered zieharonikaartig in the shirring process. After the shirring process, the folds should be oriented obliquely downwards towards the packaged item or packaged goods and pointing outwards. Only this uniform alignment of the folds ensures a later easy removal of the film section, since then fold by fold can be deducted from the overdrawing device.

Als nachteilig bei bekannten Verfahren erweist sich, dass die Falten jedoch nicht immer die gewünschte gleichmäßige Ausrichtung einnehmen. Vielmehr stellt man häufig fest, dass die Faltenlegung bereichsweise mehr oder weniger unkontrolliert erfolgt ist. Die unkontrollierte Faltenlegung kann während des Raffvorganges oder aber auch während des Streckens auftreten.A disadvantage of known methods proves that the wrinkles, however, do not always assume the desired uniform alignment. Rather, it is often found that the folding is done area by area more or less uncontrolled. Uncontrolled folding can occur during the shirring process or even during stretching.

Sofern jedoch die Falten nicht die gewünschte Ausrichtung aufweisen, wird die zum Abziehen anstehende Falte von der benachbarten Falte, die erst in einem nächsten Schritt abgezogen werden soll, zumindest teilweise, wenn nicht sogar vollständig, überdeckt und so eingeklemmt und festgehalten. Dieser Umstand kann zu Beschädigungen des Folienabschnittes führen, da durch das Herausziehen dieser Falte hohe Spannungen in dem Folienabschnitt auftreten und so Löcher in den Folienabschnitt gezogen werden können. Diese Gefahr ist besonders groß bei Folienabschnitten geringer Dicke, da dann beim Herausziehen der Folienabschnitt leichter reißen kann, oder bei Stück- oder Packgut großer Höhe, da eine größere Länge an Folienabschnitt gerafft und daher eine größere Anzahl an Falten gebildet werden muss.However, if the folds do not have the desired orientation, the fold to be pulled off the adjacent fold which is to be peeled off in a next step is at least partially, if not completely, covered and thus pinched and held. This circumstance can lead to damage of the film section, as by pulling out this fold high tensions occur in the film section and thus holes can be pulled into the film section. This risk is particularly great in film sections of small thickness, since then pull the film section easier when pulling out, or piece or packaged goods high altitude, as a greater length of film section gathered and therefore a greater number of wrinkles must be formed.

Um beim Überziehvorgang auch bei einer nicht optimalen vorherigen Faltenbildung Beschädigungen des Folienabschnittes verhindert werden, wird der geraffte Folienabschnitt zum Überziehen über das Stück- oder Packgut in einem ersten Schritt um einen ersten höheren Betrag gestreckt und in einem zweiten Schritt die Streckung des Folienabschnitts während des Überziehvorganges des gerafften Folienabschnittes über das Stück- oder Packgut auf einen geringeren Betrag, der aber weiterhin das Überziehen ermöglicht, verringert wird.In order to prevent damage to the film section during the coating process, even if the previous wrinkling formation is not optimal, the shirred film section is stretched over the piece or pack good in a first step by a first higher amount and in a second step the stretch of the film section during the coating process the shirred film section over the piece or packaged goods to a lesser amount, but still allows the coating is reduced.

Insofern wird der Folienabschnitt zunächst in einem ersten Schritt um einen Betrag gestreckt, der deutlich über der Streckung liegt, wie sie bei bisher üblichen Verfahren erfolgt ist. Dabei ist regelmäßig diese Streckung so gering wie möglich gehalten worden und auf das für eine einwandfreie Durchführung des Verfahrens erforderliche Mindeststreckung begrenzt gewesen. Zum Erzielen dieser Mindeststreckung wird bei bekannten Verfahren der Folienabschnitt um einen solchen geringeren Betrag gestreckt, dass beim Überziehen ein allseitiger Abstand zwischen jeder Seite des Stück- oder Packgutes und dem Folienabschnitt von 3 bis 5 cm besteht.In this respect, the film section is first stretched in a first step by an amount that is significantly above the stretch, as has been done in previously conventional methods. This stretching has been kept as low as possible on a regular basis and limited to the required for a proper implementation of the process minimum extension. In order to achieve this minimum extension, in known methods the film section is stretched by such a smaller amount that during coating there is an all-round distance between each side of the piece or packaged goods and the film section of 3 to 5 cm.

Nach dem Verfahren wird der Folienabschnitt zunächst in einem ersten Schritt um einen stärkeren Betrag gestreckt, so dass sich in diesem stärker gestreckten Zustand ein allseitiger Abstand zwischen jeder Seite des Stück- oder Packgutes und dem um den stärkeren Betrag gestreckten Folienabschnitt von etwa 6 bis 10 cm einstellt. Stärkere Streckungen sind jedoch möglich.After the method, the film portion is first stretched in a first step by a greater amount, so that in this more stretched state, an all-round distance between each side of the piece or packaged goods and stretched by the greater amount of film section of about 6 to 10 cm established. Stronger extensions are possible.

Durch die anschließende Reduzierung der Streckung des Folienabschnittes in einem zweiten Schritt während des Überziehvorganges - durch Aufeinanderzubewegen entsprechender Bauteile der Überzieheinrichtung, üblicherweise der Spannfinger - wird die Spannung in den Falten des gerafften Folienabschnittes vermindert, wodurch die Falten, insbesondere bei einer nicht gewollten Faltenausrichtung, nicht mehr so stark von einer benachbarten Falte eingeklemmt und festgehalten sind, so dass der Folienabschnitt ohne Beschädigungen problemlos beim Überziehvorgang abgezogen werden kann.By subsequently reducing the stretch of the film portion in a second step during the coating process - by moving respective components of the coating device, usually the clamping fingers - the tension in the folds of the gathered film portion is reduced, whereby the wrinkles, especially in a non-desired folding orientation, not more so strongly clamped by an adjacent fold and are held, so that the film section without damage can be easily removed during the coating process.

Dabei kann die Spannungsverminderung aus einer zumindest teilweise verzögerten Rückstellung mit entsprechend resultierendem, noch über dem Mindestmaß liegenden Umfang resultieren und/oder sich bei einer erfolgten Rückstellung, die geringer ist als die bei Entfall aller Haltekräfte erfolgenden freien Rückstellung, aus dem Zeitversatz, mit dem ein Spannungsaufbau wieder erfolgt, ergeben.In this case, the reduction in tension may result from an at least partially delayed reset with a corresponding resulting, still beyond the minimum extent and / or at a successful default, which is less than the release of all holding forces free recovery, from the time offset, with the Tension is restored, resulting.

Der höhere Betrag der Streckung liegt dabei außerhalb des Toleranzbereiches der Streckung um den geringeren Betrag und ist insoweit deutlich als überhöht im Vergleich zu der Streckung um den geringeren Betrag anzusehen. Das Maß des geringeren Betrages der Streckung, das der Mindeststreckung entspricht, hängt dabei nicht nur von der Geometrie des Stück- oder Packgutes ab. Auch andere Parameter, wie z. B. die Abmessungen der innerhalb des Folienabschnittes befindlichen Anlagenteile der Überziehvorrichtung, haben Einfluss auf das Maß des geringeren Betrages der Streckung.The higher amount of stretch is outside the tolerance range of the extension by the smaller amount and is clearly to be regarded as excessive compared to the extension by the smaller amount. The measure of the smaller amount of stretch, which corresponds to the minimum stretch, depends not only on the geometry of piece or packaged goods. Other parameters, such. As the dimensions of the located within the film section system parts of the stall, have an influence on the degree of the lesser amount of stretch.

Die Verringerung der Streckung auf den geringeren Betrag kann mit der ersten Kontaktaufnahme des Folienabschnittes mit der Oberseite des Stück- oder Packgutes oder aber erst zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt während des Überziehvorgangs erfolgen.The reduction of the stretch to the smaller amount can be done with the first contact of the film section with the top of the piece or packaged goods or only at a later time during the coating process.

Bei einer möglichen Durchführung des Verfahrens kann die Verringerung der Streckung während des Überziehvorganges des Folienabschnittes über das Stück- oder Packgut kontinuierlich, insbesondere gleichmäßig, erfolgen.In a possible implementation of the method, the reduction of the stretch during the coating process of the film section on the piece or packaged goods continuously, in particular evenly done.

Alternativ kann die Verringerung der Streckung während des Überziehvorganges des Folienabschnittes über das Stück- oder Packgut stufenweise, insbesondere mehrstufig, erfolgen. Bei Anwendung einer einstufigen Reduzierung ist der komplette Überziehvorgang zumindest zum größten Teil abgeschlossen, bevor sämtliche Rückstellungsvorgänge abgeschlossen sind und der Folienabschnitt wieder den sich durch die Streckung um einen geringeren Betrag ergebenen Umfang angenommen hat.Alternatively, the reduction of the stretching during the coating process of the film section over the piece or packaged goods gradually, in particular multi-stage, take place. When using a one-step reduction, the complete coating process is at least for the most part completed before all recovery operations have been completed and the film section has again reached the extent afforded by the stretch to a lesser extent.

Sofern jedoch Stück- oder Packgut großer Höhen umhüllt werden sollen, könnte die Gefahr bestehen, dass in dem Folienabschnitt bereits vor Abschluss des Überziehvorgangs sämtliche Rückstellungsvorgänge abgeschlossen sind und der Folienabschnitt seinen Umfang, den er durch die Streckung um den geringeren Betrag erhält, erreicht hat. In diesem Fall bietet sich an, wenn die Reduzierung mehrstufig erfolgt.However, if piece goods or packaged goods of great heights are to be enveloped, there could be the risk that all restoring processes have already been completed in the film section before the completion of the coating process and the film section has reached its circumference, which it obtains by the extension by the smaller amount. In this Case offers itself, if the reduction takes place multi-stage.

Die Verringerung der Streckung kann in dem ersten Drittel des Überziehvorganges erfolgen. Der Überziehvorgang beginnt dabei mit der Kontaktaufnahme des Folienabschnittes mit der Oberseite des Stück- oder Packguts.The reduction of the stretch can be done in the first third of the coating process. The coating process begins with the contact of the film section with the top of the piece or packaged goods.

Vorzugsweise kann die Verringerung der Streckung im Abstand von 5 bis 20 cm von der Oberseite des Stück- oder Packgutes, vorzugsweise im Abstand von 10 cm von der Oberseite des Stück- oder Packgutes, erfolgen.Preferably, the reduction of the stretch at a distance of 5 to 20 cm from the top of the piece or packaged goods, preferably at a distance of 10 cm from the top of the piece or packaged goods, take place.

Vorteilhafterweise wird der in dem ersten Schritt um einen höheren Betrag gestreckte Folienabschnitt zu Beginn des Überziehvorganges mittels wenigstens einer Fixiereinrichtung fixiert, und die Fixiereinrichtung wird mit Verringerung der Streckung in einem zweiten Schritt auf einen geringeren Betrag von dem Folienabschnitt wieder entfernt. Beim Überziehen des Folienabschnittes wird der in dem ersten Schritt um den höheren Betrag gestreckte Folienabschnitt zunächst fixiert. Hierdurch legt sich der Folienabschnitt lediglich oberseitig an das Stück- oder Packgut an, während die Seiten des Stück- oder Packgutes nicht mit dem Folienabschnitt in Kontakt sind. Durch das Fixieren können vertikale Spannungen in den Folienabschnitt eingebracht werden. Im weiteren Verlauf des Überziehvorganges wird dann in einem zweiten Schritt mit Verringerung der Streckung auf einen geringeren Betrag die Fixiereinrichtung vom Folienabschnitt gelöst, so dass dann der Folienabschnitt Falte für Falte abgezogen werden kann.Advantageously, the film section stretched by a higher amount in the first step is fixed at the beginning of the coating process by means of at least one fixing device, and the fixing device is removed again with a reduction of the stretch in a second step to a smaller amount from the film section. When the film section is coated, the film section stretched by the higher amount in the first step is first fixed. As a result, the film section sets only on the top side of the piece or packaged goods, while the sides of the piece or packaged goods are not in contact with the film section. By fixing vertical stresses can be introduced into the film section. In the further course of the coating process, the fixing device is then detached from the film section in a second step with reduction of the stretching to a smaller amount, so that then the film section can be pulled off fold by fold.

Im Folgenden wird ein in den Zeichnungen dargestelltes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht auf einen Spannfinger mit einem darauf gerafften Folienabschnitt und
Fig. 2
eine teilweise Draufsicht auf den Gegenstand nach Fig. 1.
In the following, an embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings will be explained. Show it:
Fig. 1
a side view of a clamping finger with a shirred film section and
Fig. 2
a partial plan view of the article of FIG. 1.

In allen Figuren werden für gleiche bzw. gleichartige Bauteile übereinstimmende Bezugszeichen verwendet.In all figures the same reference numerals are used for identical or similar components.

Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen eine Überzieheinrichtung 1 einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung. Nicht dargestellt ist einem im Verfahrensablauf vorgelagerte Raffeinrichtung. Die Überzieheinrichtung 1 weist vier Spannfinger 2 auf, die in den jeweiligen Ecken eines teilweise dargestellten Stück- oder Packgutes 3 angeordnet sind.Figures 1 and 2 show a coating device 1 of a device according to the invention. Not shown is an upstream in the process sequence shirring. The coating device 1 has four clamping fingers 2, which are arranged in the respective corners of a piece or packaged goods 3 partially shown.

Jeder Spannfinger 2 besteht aus einem bogenförmig ausgebildeten rohrförmigen Spannelement 4, dass in einer zur Überziehrichtung 5 senkrechten Ebene ausgerichtet ist.Each clamping finger 2 consists of an arcuately shaped tubular clamping element 4, which is aligned in a direction perpendicular to the coating direction 5 level.

An jedes Spannelement 4 ist ein in etwa winkelförmig ausgebildetes Stützelement 6 angeformt, das über eine unterseitige Traverse 7 an einer Haltekonstruktion 8 befestigt ist.To each clamping element 4, an approximately angularly shaped support member 6 is formed, which is fastened via a lower side cross member 7 to a support structure 8.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, sind die beiden Enden des Spannelementes 4 mittels einer Strebe 9 mit dem entsprechenden Stützelement 6 verbunden.As can be seen from Fig. 1, the two ends of the clamping element 4 are connected by means of a strut 9 with the corresponding support member 6.

Oberseitig auf der Traverse 7 ist ein Mast 10 angeordnet. An diesem Mast 10 ist über ein Lager 11 ein Stellhebel 12 drehbar angeschlagen, an dessem freien Ende über ein weiteres Lager 13 eine Fixiereinrichtung 14 befestigt ist. Die mit dem Spannfinger 2 in Kontakt bringbare Fläche der Fixiereinrichtung 14 ist der Außenkontur des Spannfingers 2 angebracht. Da das Stützelement 6 des Spannfingers 2 in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel in etwa bogenförmig ausgebildet ist, weist insoweit auch die Fixiereinrichtung 14 eine entsprechende bogenförmige Ausbildung auf. Es ist aber auch durchaus möglich, dass der Spannfinger 2 in Höhe des Spannelementes 4 vorgesehen ist.On top of the cross member 7, a mast 10 is arranged. On this mast 10, a control lever 12 is rotatably struck by a bearing 11, at whose free end via a further bearing 13, a fixing device 14 is attached. The engageable with the clamping finger 2 surface of the Fixing device 14, the outer contour of the clamping finger 2 is attached. Since the support member 6 of the clamping finger 2 is formed approximately arcuate in the illustrated embodiment, so far, the fixing device 14 has a corresponding arcuate training. But it is also quite possible that the clamping finger 2 is provided at the level of the clamping element 4.

An dem Stellhebel 12 greift ein Zylinder 15 an, der in den Figuren gestrichelt dargestellt ist. Hierbei kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Pneumatik- oder auch Hydraulikzylinder handeln.On the adjusting lever 12 engages a cylinder 15, which is shown in dashed lines in the figures. This may be, for example, a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder.

Wie insbesondere aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht, sind die Spannfinger 2 und somit auch die an der Traverse 7 befestigte Fixiereinrichtung 14 entlang der Längskanten des Stück- oder Packgutes 3 (Pfeile 16, 17) verfahrbar. Um eine Bewegung in Richtung des Pfeils 17 zu realisieren, ist die Haltekonstruktion 8 über Führungen 18 mit einer Führungsschiene 19 verbunden. Mittels an der Traverse 7 angreifender Ketten 20, 21 kann der Spannfinger 2 in Richtung des Pfeils 17 bewegt werden.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the clamping fingers 2 and thus also the fixing device 14 fastened to the traverse 7 are movable along the longitudinal edges of the piece or packaged goods 3 (arrows 16, 17). In order to realize a movement in the direction of the arrow 17, the support structure 8 is connected via guides 18 with a guide rail 19. By means of the traverse 7 attacking chains 20, 21, the clamping fingers 2 can be moved in the direction of the arrow 17.

Die Führungsschiene 19 ist oberseitig derart an einem Halteelement 22 angeordnet, dass die Überzieheinrichtung 1 in Richtung des Pfeils 16 verfahrbar ist. Die genaue Konstruktion zur Ermöglichung des Verfahrweges in Richtung des Pfeils 16 ist aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nicht dargestellt.The guide rail 19 is arranged on the upper side of a holding element 22, that the overdrawing device 1 in the direction of arrow 16 is movable. The exact construction for enabling the travel in the direction of the arrow 16 is not shown for reasons of clarity.

Damit jede Überzieheinrichtung 1 in Richtung des Pfeiles 23 entlang des Stück- oder Packgutes 3 verfahrbar ist, ist in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Hydraulikzylinder 24 vorgesehen, der unterseitig an dem Halteelement 22 angreift. Es sind aber auch andere Konstruktionen zur Erzielung einer Verfahrbarkeit in Richtung des Pfeiles 23 möglich.Thus, each overdrawing device 1 in the direction of arrow 23 along the piece or packaged goods 3 can be moved, a hydraulic cylinder 24 is provided in the illustrated embodiment, the underside of the holding element 22 attacks. But there are also other constructions to achieve a mobility in the direction of arrow 23 is possible.

Wie in den Figuren dargestellt, greifen die vier Spannfinger 2 in einen nach unten geöffneten Folienabschnitt 25. Der Folienabschnitt 25 ist bereits durch Raffung auf den Spannfingern 2 in Falten 26 gelegt. Das Raffen selbst ist in einer nicht dargestellten separaten Raffeinrichtung erfolgt. Der Folienabschnitt 25 wurde von der Raffeinrichtung im gerafften Zustand von der dargestellten Überzieheinrichtung 1 übernommen.As shown in the figures, the four clamping fingers 2 engage in a downwardly opened film section 25. The film section 25 is already placed by gathering on the clamping fingers 2 in folds 26. The shirring itself is done in a separate shirring not shown. The film section 25 was taken over by the shirring device in the shirred state of the illustrated overdrawing device 1.

Nach Übernahme des gerafften Folienabschnittes 25 wird jede Fixiereinrichtung 14 in Richtung des Pfeils 27 in Richtung des betreffenden Spannfingers 2 verschwenkt, so dass der Folienabschnitt 25 zwischen dem Stützelement 6 des Spannfingers 2 und der entsprechenden Fixiereinrichtung 14 klemmend fixiert wird. Zur Vermeidung von Beschädigungen des Folienabschnitts 25 weist die mit dem Folienabschnitt 25 in Kontakt bringbare Fläche der Fixiereinrichtung 14 eine weiche Beschichtung 28, wie z. B. Moosgummi, auf. Es sind aber auch andere Beschichtungen denkbar.After taking over the shirred film section 25, each fixing device 14 is pivoted in the direction of the arrow 27 in the direction of the respective clamping finger 2, so that the film section 25 between the support member 6 of the clamping finger 2 and the corresponding fixing device 14 is fixed by clamping. In order to avoid damage to the film section 25, the area of the fixing device 14 which can be brought into contact with the film section 25 has a soft coating 28, such as, for example, B. sponge rubber, on. But there are also other coatings conceivable.

Nach Anlegen der Fixiereinrichtung 14 werden die Spannfinger 2 nach außen hin, beispielsweise diagonal nach außen in Richtung des Pfeils 29 auseinander bewegt, so dass der Folienabschnitt 25 gestreckt wird. Durch die klemmende Fixierung kann der Folienabschnitt 25 im Kopfbereich, d. h. in diesem Fall das geschlossen ausgebildete Ende, optimal gestreckt werden.After applying the fixing device 14, the clamping fingers 2 to the outside, for example, diagonally outwardly in the direction of the arrow 29 moves apart, so that the film portion 25 is stretched. Due to the clamping fixation of the film portion 25 in the head area, d. H. In this case, the closed trained end to be optimally stretched.

Nach dem Strecken wird die Überzieheinrichtung 1 in Überziehrichtung 5 entlang des Stück- oder Packgutes 3 bewegt.After stretching, the overdrawing device 1 is moved in the overdrawing direction 5 along the piece or packaged goods 3.

Sobald der Kopfbereich des Folienabschnittes 25 oberseitig auf dem Stück- oder Packgut 3 aufliegt, werden die Fixiereinrichtungen 14 in die in Fig. 2 gestrichelt dargestellte Position zurückgefahren. Bei weiterem Absenken der Überzieheinrichtung 1 werden die Falten 26 zunehmend von den Spannfingern 2 abgezogen, so dass, wenn die Überzieheinrichtung 1 ihre äußerste untere Stellung erreicht, der gesamte Folienabschnitt 25 keine Falten 26 mehr aufweist und das Stück- oder Packgut 3 umgibt.As soon as the head region of the film section 25 rests on the piece or packaged goods 3 on the upper side, the fixing devices 14 are moved back into the position shown in dashed lines in FIG. Upon further lowering of the overdrawing device 1, the folds 26 are increasingly withdrawn from the clamping fingers 2, so that when the overdrawing device 1 reaches its extreme lower position, the entire film section 25 has no more folds 26 and the piece or packaged goods 3 surrounds.

Zur abschließenden Straffung des Folienabschnittes 25 in Überziehrichtung 5 und ggf. zum Strecken in Überziehrichtung 5 werden die Fixiereinrichtungen 14, kurz bevor der Folienabschnitt 25 vollständig von den Spannfingern 2 abgezogen worden ist, wieder in die in Fig. 2 mit durchgezogenen Linien dargestellte Position verfahren, so dass der Folienabschnitt 25 wieder zwischen den Fixiereinrichtungen 14 und den entsprechenden Spannfingern 2 durch Klemmung fixiert ist.For the final tightening of the film section 25 in coating direction 5 and possibly for stretching in coating direction 5, the fixing devices 14, shortly before the film section 25 has been completely withdrawn from the clamping fingers 2, again moved to the position shown in Figure 2 by solid lines, so that the film section 25 is again fixed between the fixing devices 14 and the corresponding clamping fingers 2 by clamping.

Hierdurch kann der Folienabschnitt 25 optimal in Ãœberziehrichtung 5 gestrafft und gestreckt werden.In this way, the film section 25 can be optimally tightened and stretched in the direction of coating 5.

Nach Straffung und ggf. Strecken in Überziehrichtung 5 werden die Fixiereinrichtungen 14 zurückgeschwenkt, und die Überzieheinrichtung 1 wieder entgegen der Überziehrichtung 5 in ihre ursprüngliche, in Fig. 1 dargestellte Position verfahren, um einen weiteren gerafften Folienabschnitt 25 zu übernehmen.After tightening and possibly stretching in the coating 5, the fixing devices 14 are pivoted back, and the overdrawing device 1 again moved counter to the coating direction 5 in its original, shown in Fig. 1 position to take over another shirred film section 25.

Sofern die Falten 26 nicht die in Fig. 1 dargestellte gleichmäßige nach unten und außen hin weisende Ausrichtung nach dem Raffen aufweisen sollten, bietet sich für ein beschädigungsfreies Abziehen des Folienabschnittes 25 von den Spannfingern 2 an, dass der geraffte Folienabschnitt 25 zum Überziehen über das Stück- oder Packgut 3 in einem ersten Schritt um einen ersten höheren Betrag gestreckt wird und in einem zweiten Schritt die Streckung des Folienabschnitts 25 während des Überziehvorganges des gerafften Folienabschnittes 25 über das Stück- oder Packgut 3 auf einen geringeren Betrag, der aber weiterhin das Überziehen ermöglicht, verringert wird.If the folds 26 should not have the uniform downwardly and outwardly pointing orientation shown in Fig. 1 after shirring, offers for a damage-free removal of the film portion 25 of the tensioning fingers 2, that the shirred film portion 25 is stretched over the piece or packaged goods 3 in a first step by a first higher amount and in a second step, the stretching of the film portion 25 during the coating process of the shirred film section 25 over the piece - or packaged 3 to a lesser amount, but still allows the coating is reduced.

Hierdurch wird der Folienabschnitt 25 zunächst in dem ersten Schritt um einen stärkeren Betrag gestreckt, so dass sich in diesem stärker gestreckten Zustand ein allseitiger Abstand zwischen jeder Seite des Stück- oder Packgutes 3 und dem um den stärkeren Betrag gestreckten Folienabschnitt 25 von etwa 6 bis 10 cm einstellt. Stärkere Streckungen sind jedoch durchaus möglich.As a result, the film section 25 is first stretched in the first step by a greater amount, so that in this more stretched state, an all-round distance between each side of the piece or packaged goods 3 and stretched by the greater amount of film section 25 of about 6 to 10 cm. Stronger extensions are possible.

Durch die anschließende Reduzierung der Streckung des Folienabschnittes 25 in einem zweiten Schritt während des Überziehvorganges wird durch Verfahren der Spannfinger 2 entlang der Kanten des Stück- oder Packgutes 3 (Pfeile 16, 17) die Spannung in den Falten 26 des gerafften Folienabschnittes 25 vermindert, wodurch die Falten 26 nicht mehr so stark von einer benachbarten Falte 26 eingeklemmt und festgehalten sind, so dass der Folienabschnitt 25 ohne Beschädigungen problemlos beim Überziehvorgang abgezogen werden kann.By the subsequent reduction of the stretch of the film section 25 in a second step during the coating process, the tension in the folds 26 of the gathered film section 25 is reduced by moving the clamping fingers 2 along the edges of the piece or packaged goods 3 (arrows 16, 17) the folds 26 are no longer so strongly clamped and held by an adjacent fold 26, so that the film portion 25 can be easily removed without damage during the coating process.

Die Verringerung der Streckung kann dabei kontinuierlich oder stufenweise, insbesondere mehrstufig, erfolgen.The reduction of the stretch can be carried out continuously or stepwise, in particular multi-stage.

Zur Erzeugung sowohl der stärkeren bzw. der höheren Streckung in dem ersten Schritt als auch der geringeren Streckung (Mindeststreckung) in dem zweiten Schritt kann bei einer Ausführungsform ein und dasselbe Bauteil, z. B. ein Getriebemotor, verwendet werden, das entsprechend angesteuert wird.For generating both the higher and the higher stretch in the first step and the smaller stretch (minimum stretch) in the second step in one embodiment, one and the same component, e.g. As a geared motor can be used, which is driven accordingly.

Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, dass zwei separate Bauteile, wie z. B. zwei Getriebemotoren oder Hydraulikzylinder, vorgesehen sind, wobei das eine Bauteil die Streckung um den geringeren Betrag erzeugt und die darüber hinausgehende stärkere Streckung durch das zweite, weitere Bauteil realisiert wird.Of course, it is also possible that two separate components, such. B. two geared motors or hydraulic cylinders, are provided, wherein the one component generates the extension by the smaller amount and beyond the stronger extension by the second, further component is realized.

Claims (10)

  1. Apparatus for wrapping unit loads or packaged goods (3) with a section of elastic film (25), which is at least approximately hood-shaped, is gathered into folds (26), stretched and finally pulled over the unit loads or packaged goods (3), wherein the gathered section of film (25) is stretched by means of a pulling-over device (1) that is displaceable along the unit load or packaged goods (3) and is pulled over the unit load or packaged goods (3), and wherein the pulling-over device (1) includes four tensioning fingers (2) that are displaceable in the plane at right angles to the pulling-over direction (5), the said tensioning fingers respectively including a bow-shaped tensioning element (4) that extends substantially in the said plane and an arcuate support element (6) that is secured to the said tensioning element (4) and extends substantially in the pulling-over direction (5), in order to pick up the gathered section of film (25) in the regions corresponding in each case to the corners of the unit load or packaged goods to be wrapped and to pull it over the unit load and packaged goods (3), wherein at least on one tensioning finger (2) there is provided a jaw-like securing device (14), which can be placed in position on the film section (25) from externally at least in the region of the fold (26a) that is at the furthest point away from the unit load or packaged goods shortly before the achieving of the pulling-over position and that is to be pulled-over the unit load or packaged goods (3), more especially in the non-folded region of the section of film (25) abutting against the said fold, the said securing device (14) embracing the corner region of the tensioning finger (2) at least in a partial manner and being provided for securedly clamping the corresponding region of the film section (25) onto the tensioning fingers (2) during the stretching process, wherein at least the face of the securing device (25) that can be brought into contact with the film section (25) includes a surface that improves the adhesion characteristics and the surface includes a soft coating (28), more especially microcellular rubber, and/or alternately raised and recesses regions.
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the development of the securing device (14) is adapted in a substantial manner to the outside contour of the tensioning finger (2) in the contact region of tensioning finger (2) and securing device (14).
  3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that the face of the securing device (14) that can be brought into contact with the film section (25) is arcuate.
  4. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the securing device (14) is displaceable in the plane that is at right angles to the pulling-over direction (5).
  5. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the securing device (14) is displaceable in the direction of the corresponding tensioning finger (2) through the intermediary of a rotatably disposed control lever (12).
  6. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the surface includes a coating (28) that improves adhesion.
  7. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a separate gathering device is provided for gathering the section of film (25).
  8. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the face of the securing device (14) that can be brought into contact with the film section (25) corresponds substantially to the minimum contact face required for avoiding damage to the film section (25) during the stretching process, in co-ordination with the technical features and characteristics of the film section (25) as well as corresponding to the contact face necessary for the stretching to be obtained.
  9. Method for wrapping unit loads or packaged goods (3) with a section of elastic film (25), which is at least approximately hood-shaped, the said film section being gathered in folds (26) and stretched and finally pulled over the unit load or packaged goods (3), wherein the gathered film section (25) is stretched through the intermediary of a pulling-over device (1) that is displaceable along the unit load or packaged goods (3) and is pulled over the unit load or packaged goods (3), and wherein the pulling-over device (1) includes four tensioning fingers (2), which are displaceable in the plane at right angles to the pulling-over direction (5) and include in each case a bow-shaped tensioning element (4), which extends substantially in the said plane, and an arcuate support element (6), which is secured to the said tensioning element (4) and extends substantially in the pulling-over direction (5), in order to pick up the gathered film section (25) in each of the regions corresponding to the corners of the unit load or packaged goods (3) to be wrapped and then to pull-over it the unit load and packaged goods (3), wherein at least on one tensioning finger (2) there is provided a jaw-like securing device (14), which can be placed in position on the film section (25) from externally at least in the region of the fold (26a) that is situated at the farthest point away from the unit load or packaged goods shortly before the achieving of the pulling-over position and is to be pulled-over the unit load or packaged goods (3), more especially in the non-folded region of the section of film (25) abutting against the said fold (26a), the said securing device (14) embracing the corner region of the tensioning finger (2) at least in a partial manner and being provided for securedly clamping the corresponding region of the film section (25) onto the tensioning fingers (2) during the stretching process, wherein at least one securing device (14) is applied to the film section (25) before the stretching of the film section (25) for securing in the region of the corresponding tensioning finger (2) and is then removed from the film section (25) after the approximately hood-shaped film section (25) contacts the unit load or packaged goods (3), wherein, to avoid damage to the film section (25), the face of the securing device (14), which can be brought into contact with the film section (25), includes a soft coating (28), such as, for example, microcellular rubber or another coating.
  10. Method according to claim 9, characterised in that, after the pulling away of the folds (26) shortly before the removing of the film portion (25) out of the access region of the securing device (14), at least one securing device (14) is once again moved against the tensioning finger (2) in the region of the said corresponding tensioning finger for securing the film portion (25).
EP03727324A 2002-04-19 2003-04-17 Device and method for wrapping unit loads or packaged goods Expired - Lifetime EP1497176B9 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06016802A EP1717148B1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-04-17 Method for wrapping products

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20206245 2002-04-19
DE20206246U DE20206246U1 (en) 2002-04-19 2002-04-19 Device for wrapping piece or packaged goods
DE20206246U 2002-04-19
DE20206245U 2002-04-19
PCT/EP2003/004065 WO2003089303A1 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-04-17 Device and method for wrapping unit loads or packaged goods

Related Child Applications (1)

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EP1497176A1 EP1497176A1 (en) 2005-01-19
EP1497176B1 true EP1497176B1 (en) 2007-09-05
EP1497176B9 EP1497176B9 (en) 2008-01-09

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EP03727324A Expired - Lifetime EP1497176B9 (en) 2002-04-19 2003-04-17 Device and method for wrapping unit loads or packaged goods

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CN (1) CN1325331C (en)
AT (2) ATE372260T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003233990A1 (en)
DE (2) DE50308120D1 (en)
DK (2) DK1497176T3 (en)
MX (1) MXPA04010192A (en)
PL (1) PL209348B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003089303A1 (en)

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DK1497176T3 (en) 2008-03-25
US20070151211A1 (en) 2007-07-05
US20050115206A1 (en) 2005-06-02
US7234289B2 (en) 2007-06-26
EP1717148A1 (en) 2006-11-02
PL209348B1 (en) 2011-08-31
EP1497176B9 (en) 2008-01-09
AU2003233990A1 (en) 2003-11-03
DE50308120D1 (en) 2007-10-18
EP1717148B1 (en) 2008-04-09
EP1497176A1 (en) 2005-01-19
CN1655987A (en) 2005-08-17
DE50309606D1 (en) 2008-05-21
PL371326A1 (en) 2005-06-13
ATE372260T1 (en) 2007-09-15
MXPA04010192A (en) 2005-03-07
DK1717148T3 (en) 2008-08-04
ATE391673T1 (en) 2008-04-15
WO2003089303A1 (en) 2003-10-30
CN1325331C (en) 2007-07-11

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