EP1496208A1 - Dispositif de guidage en rotation d'aubes à calage variable dans une turbomachine - Google Patents
Dispositif de guidage en rotation d'aubes à calage variable dans une turbomachine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1496208A1 EP1496208A1 EP04291720A EP04291720A EP1496208A1 EP 1496208 A1 EP1496208 A1 EP 1496208A1 EP 04291720 A EP04291720 A EP 04291720A EP 04291720 A EP04291720 A EP 04291720A EP 1496208 A1 EP1496208 A1 EP 1496208A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blades
- housing
- vanes
- fixed element
- pivots
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
- F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for guiding blades in rotation with variable timing in a turbomachine such as a turbojet engine or a airplane turboprop.
- these vanes are, at one of their ends, rotatably mounted on the casing of the turbomachine around radial axes relative to the axis of rotation of the rotor and comprise for this axial cylindrical tails forming pivots guided in rotation in bearings that are mounted in radial cylindrical chimneys of the turbomachine casing.
- These levels are usually formed by casings of material with a low coefficient of friction, such as bronze sintered for example.
- the axial chimneys of the housing have a limited length, so that the blades subjected to the forces exerted by the gas flows tend to incline obliquely to their axis of rotation, which causes wear of guide bushes and cylindrical surfaces chimneys in which these sockets are mounted. It the risk of seizure of dawn pivots and an increase in efforts to apply to these blades to rotate around their axes of rotation. It also results in a risk of contact between radially inner ends of these vanes and the rotor of the turbomachine, and concomitant risks of deterioration, destruction and fire due to intense heating produced by friction ends of the vanes on the rotor.
- the object of the invention is in particular to avoid these disadvantages by better guidance in rotation of the pivots of the blades with variable pitch.
- a device for guiding blades in rotation. variable pitch in a turbomachine these blades each comprising a pivot guided in rotation in a cylindrical chimney of a housing of the turbomachine and which is connected by a rod to a control ring surrounding the housing, characterized in that the pivot of each of these vanes extends outside the housing beyond the chimney and has a radially outer end guided in rotation by a fixed element outside the housing, and in that the rods are fixed to the pivots of the blades between the ends of these pivots and support and center the ring remote control of the housing.
- the improvement of the rotation guidance of the blades to Variable setting is due to the increase in the length over which the blade pivots are guided, which reduces the embedding forces of pivots of the vanes in their guiding means, facilitates the training of rotating blades around their axes and avoids any risk of contact and friction of the radially inner ends of the blades on the rotor of the turbine engine.
- the aforementioned fixed element is spaced radially from the housing, with respect to the axis of rotation of the turbomachine, a distance which is greater than the corresponding dimension of the aforementioned cylindrical chimney, this distance being for example of the order of 10 cm.
- a corollary advantage of the invention is that this device makes it possible reduce the length of the cylindrical chimneys that are formed on the casing, which simplifies the manufacture and machining of the casing.
- Another corollary advantage of the invention is that the means of guidance of the blade pivots outside the crankcase are further away from the hot source formed by the flow of gases in the turbomachine and are therefore subject to less heating.
- control ring of these blades is supported and centered around the housing by means of the parts of the pivots of blades which extend outside the casing, which avoids centering and support this ring directly on the casing of the turbomachine.
- control ring is substantially at the same temperature that the aforementioned fixed element and their thermal expansions are of the same order of magnitude, which improves the guidance of the ring of ordered. This results in a reduction in the drive force of the vanes with variable timing, so that simpler and more less expensive to drive these blades.
- the fixed element mentioned above comprises means for rotating the pivots of several blades forming part of the same row of variable-pitch blades.
- this fixed element may comprise guiding means in rotation of the pivots of all the blades of the same row of blades with variable setting.
- this fixed element comprises means for rotating the pivots of all the blades which make part of two successive rows of variable-pitch vanes.
- the aforementioned fixed element is shaped annular and extends around the housing about 360 degrees.
- It is preferably monoblock and also reinforces the rigidity of the turbomachine casing.
- this fixed element is formed of several consecutive ring segments or not which are each fixed on the housing.
- reference numeral 10 denotes a housing of turbomachine, of generally cylindrical shape and centered on the axis of rotation of a rotor of this turbomachine.
- This comprises one or more stages of rectifiers which are formed by vanes 12 for guiding the gas flow, these vanes being rotatably mounted on the housing 10 about radial axes with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor, only their radially external part or "foot dawn being shown in the drawings.
- vanes 12 comprise a cylindrical axial shank 14 which extends inside a cylindrical radial chimney 16 of the housing 10 and which has a radially outer end portion 18 which extends beyond of the chimney 16 and which is guided in rotation in an orifice cylindrical 20 of a fixed element 22 which surrounds the housing 10 externally, away from it.
- the fixed element 22 comprises a cylindrical wall 24 centered on the axis of rotation of the rotor of the turbomachine and having the aforementioned orifices 20 and fixing lugs 2 extending from this cylindrical wall 24 towards the casing and terminated by soles 28 receiving fixing screws 30 on the housing 10.
- the fixed element 22 may be of continuous annular shape or substantially continuous and extend about 360 degrees around the axis longitudinal sump.
- the fastening lugs 26 are formed at intervals the element 22 and when it is fixed on the housing, it reinforces the rigidity of the latter.
- the fixed element 22 may be formed of two semi-cylindrical elements that each extend 180 degrees approximately and which are attached end to end on the housing 10.
- the fixed element 22 may be formed of several annular segments fixed end to end on the housing 10.
- the axial tails 14 of the blades 12 are guided in the cylindrical chimneys 16 of the casing and in the cylindrical orifices of the fixed element 22 by means of plain bearings which are constituted by example by cylindrical bushes 32, 34 respectively, and by washers 36, 38, respectively, of material with a low coefficient of friction.
- the washer 36 associated with the bushing 32 is inside the housing 10 while the washer 38 associated with the bushing 34 is radially outside the cylindrical portion 24 of the fixed member.
- the part of the axial tail cylindrical dawn that extends from the dawn foot 12 is relatively long and extends well beyond the cylindrical chimney 16 of the crankcase, increasing the guide length of the axial tails cylindrical 14 blades being for example about 100 to 200% by compared to the prior art thanks to the device according to the invention.
- cylindrical sleeve 34 and the washer 38 for guiding rotation of the blade pivot in the fixed element 22 are relatively distant of the housing 10, they are subjected to a lower heating than the sleeve 32 and the washer 36 and can therefore be made in a cheap material.
- the intermediate portion of the cylindrical axial shank 14 of each blade which extends between the cylindrical chimney 16 and the fixed element 22 serves advantageously to the attachment of a tie rod 40 to a ring of control 42 which extends around the housing 10 and which is itself associated with actuating means (not shown) for doing so turn in one direction and the other around the longitudinal axis of the crankcase 10 to cause the blades 12 to rotate about their pivots 14.
- each link 40 is fixedly mounted by one end on the pivot 14 of a blade 12 and its other end is articulated on the control ring 42 around a materialized radial axis by a pin 44.
- An advantage of the device according to the invention is that the ring of control 42 is carried by the rods 40 which are themselves mounted fixed on the pivots 14 of the blades 12, which avoids the use of other means for supporting and centering the control ring 42 on the housing 10.
- control ring 42 is thus kept at a distance of the casing 10 and its thermal expansion will be comparable to those of the fixed element 22, which facilitates the guidance of this control ring 42 and simplifies its actuating means.
- the same fixed element 22 serves to guide the blades 12 of two rows in rotation consecutive stages of variable-pitch vanes whose pivots formed by cylindrical axial tails 14 are guided in chimneys cylindrical 16 of the casing and in cylindrical holes of two wings side 48 of the fixed element 22 which extend on either side of a wall cylindrical 50 supported and fixed on the housing 10 by fixing lugs 52 regularly distributed around the longitudinal axis of the housing 10.
- the legs 52 comprise at their ends radially internal and radially external soles 54 by means of of which they are fixed on the housing 10 and on the cylindrical part 50 of the fixed element 22.
- the pivots 14 of the variable-pitch vanes of each row are connected by links 40 to a control ring 42 which externally surrounds the housing 10 and which is supported and centered by the rods 40, themselves fixedly mounted on the pivots 14.
- the two control rings 42 represented in FIG. 3 are parallel and situated at the same distance from the longitudinal axis of the housing 10, the rods 40 of the two rows of blades to variable pitch being oriented in the same direction so that the ring 42 shown in the right part of Figure 3 is under the cylindrical central portion 50 of the fixed element 22 in the vicinity of the legs 52 while the other control ring 42 shown in FIG. left part of Figure 3 is outside the fixed element 22.
- FIG. 4 schematically represents an embodiment variant in which radially inner pivots 56 of the blades 12 of the same row are guided in cylindrical bushes 58 carried by radially inner ring sectors 60, which extend around the axis rotation in the extension of each other.
- Each internal sector 60 guides the internal pivots 56 of a certain number of blades 12, this number being for example about ten.
- the end vanes 12a of each group of vanes 12 carried by the same inner ring sector 60 have radially outer pivots 14 prolonged whose external ends are guided in sockets 34 of a fixed outer element 22 mentioned above.
- the external pivots 14 of blades 12 situated between these end vanes 12a in each group, are not extended to the outside and are guided only in cylindrical chimneys 16 of the housing 10, as shown.
- the end vanes 12a of each group may comprise a blade at each end, as shown, or several blades.
- end vanes 12a take up the efforts to embedment blades 12 of the group and can be reinforced, for example thickened, and / or made of a stronger material than the other blades of the group, which do not have to resume the embedding efforts mentioned above.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues schématiques partielles en perspective, à des échelles différentes, d'un premier mode de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention ;
- la figure 3 est une vue schématique partielle en perspective d'une variante de réalisation de ce dispositif ;
- la figure 4 est une vue schématique partielle d'une variante de réalisation de l'invention.
Claims (14)
- Dispositif de guidage en rotation d'aubes à calage variable dans une turbomachine, ces aubes comprenant chacune un pivot (14) qui est guidé en rotation dans une cheminée radiale cylindrique (16) d'un carter (10) de la turbomachine et qui est relié par une biellette (40) à un anneau de commande (42) entourant le carter (10), caractérisé en ce que le pivot (14) de chacune de ces aubes s'étend à l'extérieur du carter (10) au-delà de la cheminée (16) et comporte une extrémité radialement externe guidée en rotation par un élément fixe (22) extérieur au carter, et en ce que les biellettes (40) sont fixées sur les pivots (14) des aubes entre les extrémités de ces pivots et supportent et centrent l'anneau de commande (42) à distance du carter (10).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément fixe (22) est écarté radialement du carter (10) par rapport à l'axe de rotation de la turbomachine d'une distance qui est supérieure à la dimension correspondante de la cheminée (16) précitée.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément fixe (22) comporte des moyens (34,38) de guidage en rotation des pivots (14) de plusieurs aubes (12) faisant partie d'une même rangée d'aubes à calage variable.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément fixe (22) comporte des moyens (34,38) de guidage en rotation des pivots (14) de toutes les aubes (12) d'une même rangée d'aubes à calage variable.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément fixe (22) comporte des moyens (34,38) de guidage en rotation des pivots (14) de toutes les aubes de deux rangées successives d'aubes à calage variable.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément fixe (22) est de forme annulaire et s'étend autour du carter sur 360 degrés environ.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément fixe (22) est monobloc.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément fixe (22) est formé de plusieurs segments annulaires fixés sur le carter (10).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité radialement externe de chaque pivot (14) est guidée en rotation au moyen d'un palier monté dans un orifice cylindrique (20) de l'élément fixe (22).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le palier est un palier lisse (34).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément fixe (22) est supporté et centré sur le carter (10) au moyen de pattes de fixation (26,52) qui sont réparties de façon régulière autour de l'axe longitudinal du carter.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités radialement internes des aubes (12) d'une rangée comportent des pivots (56) guidés et reliés entre eux par des secteurs d'anneau radialement internes (60).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que chaque secteur d'anneau radialement interne (60) porte les pivots radialement internes (56) d'un groupe d'aubes (12) précitées et les pivots radialement externes (14) des aubes d'extrémité (12a) de chaque groupe sont guidés par un élément fixe (22) précité extérieur au carter, tandis que les pivots radialement externes (14) des aubes (12) situées entre les aubes d'extrémité de chaque groupe sont guidés uniquement dans des cheminées radiales (16) du carter.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que, dans chaque groupe, les aubes (12a) d'extrémité sont réalisées en un matériau plus résistant que celui des aubes (12) situées entre ces aubes d'extrémité.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0308435 | 2003-07-10 | ||
| FR0308435A FR2857404B1 (fr) | 2003-07-10 | 2003-07-10 | Dispositif de guidage en rotation d'aubes a calage variable dans une turbomachine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1496208A1 true EP1496208A1 (fr) | 2005-01-12 |
| EP1496208B1 EP1496208B1 (fr) | 2014-05-07 |
Family
ID=33443256
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04291720.3A Expired - Lifetime EP1496208B1 (fr) | 2003-07-10 | 2004-07-07 | Dispositif de guidage en rotation d'aubes à calage variable dans une turbomachine |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7112041B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1496208B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP4185894B2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2857404B1 (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2347915C2 (fr) |
| UA (1) | UA88254C2 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2922257A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-17 | Snecma Sa | Perfectionnement a un anneau de commande de calage des aubes fixes d'une turbomachine |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1811135A1 (fr) * | 2006-01-23 | 2007-07-25 | ABB Turbo Systems AG | Dispositif de guidage réglable |
| CN101743379A (zh) * | 2007-04-10 | 2010-06-16 | 艾利奥特公司 | 具有可调进口导向叶片的离心式压缩机 |
| EP2525048A1 (fr) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Système d'entraînement de levier |
| US9840934B2 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2017-12-12 | United Technologies Corporation | Aero-actuated vanes |
| FR3015594B1 (fr) * | 2013-12-19 | 2018-04-06 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Compresseur de turbomachine, en particulier de turbopropulseur ou de turboreacteur d'avion |
| CN104533540B (zh) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-04-20 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种保证作动环与压气机机匣同心度的装置 |
| US10301962B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-05-28 | United Technologies Corporation | Harmonic drive for shaft driving multiple stages of vanes via gears |
| US10288087B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-05-14 | United Technologies Corporation | Off-axis electric actuation for variable vanes |
| US10294813B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-05-21 | United Technologies Corporation | Geared unison ring for variable vane actuation |
| US10458271B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-10-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Cable drive system for variable vane operation |
| US10443430B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-10-15 | United Technologies Corporation | Variable vane actuation with rotating ring and sliding links |
| US10329946B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-06-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Sliding gear actuation for variable vanes |
| US10415596B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-09-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Electric actuation for variable vanes |
| US10443431B2 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2019-10-15 | United Technologies Corporation | Idler gear connection for multi-stage variable vane actuation |
| US10190599B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-01-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Drive shaft for remote variable vane actuation |
| US10329947B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-06-25 | United Technologies Corporation | 35Geared unison ring for multi-stage variable vane actuation |
| FR3132323B1 (fr) | 2022-02-03 | 2024-01-19 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Ensemble d’aubages statiques à calage variable |
| KR102500714B1 (ko) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-02-17 | 주식회사 학메디칼 | 코로나 바이러스 감염 진단을 위한 검체 채취용 조성물 및 이를 이용한 코로나바이러스 감염 진단 키트 |
| US12000293B1 (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2024-06-04 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc. | Systems and methods for multi-dimensional variable vane stage rigging utilizing coupling mechanisms |
| US11982193B1 (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2024-05-14 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc. | Systems and methods for multi-dimensional variable vane stage rigging utilizing adjustable inclined mechanisms |
| US12000292B1 (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2024-06-04 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc. | Systems and methods for multi-dimensional variable vane stage rigging |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB601828A (en) * | 1945-10-04 | 1948-05-13 | B F Sturtevant Co | Improvements relating to control vanes for fans |
| US2823700A (en) * | 1954-11-19 | 1958-02-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Fluid flow control apparatus |
| US3496628A (en) * | 1965-04-28 | 1970-02-24 | Usa | Method of joining thin-walled members,particularly in casings for gas turbine engines |
| US3966352A (en) * | 1975-06-30 | 1976-06-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Variable area turbine |
| GB1505858A (en) * | 1976-12-08 | 1978-03-30 | Secr Defence | Axial flow rotary machines |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6413043B1 (en) * | 2000-11-09 | 2002-07-02 | General Electric Company | Inlet guide vane and shroud support contact |
-
2003
- 2003-07-10 FR FR0308435A patent/FR2857404B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-07-07 JP JP2004200228A patent/JP4185894B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-07-07 EP EP04291720.3A patent/EP1496208B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-07-08 US US10/885,778 patent/US7112041B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-07-09 UA UA20040705612A patent/UA88254C2/ru unknown
- 2004-07-09 RU RU2004121136/06A patent/RU2347915C2/ru active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB601828A (en) * | 1945-10-04 | 1948-05-13 | B F Sturtevant Co | Improvements relating to control vanes for fans |
| US2823700A (en) * | 1954-11-19 | 1958-02-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Fluid flow control apparatus |
| US3496628A (en) * | 1965-04-28 | 1970-02-24 | Usa | Method of joining thin-walled members,particularly in casings for gas turbine engines |
| US3966352A (en) * | 1975-06-30 | 1976-06-29 | United Technologies Corporation | Variable area turbine |
| GB1505858A (en) * | 1976-12-08 | 1978-03-30 | Secr Defence | Axial flow rotary machines |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2922257A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-17 | Snecma Sa | Perfectionnement a un anneau de commande de calage des aubes fixes d'une turbomachine |
| EP2053203A1 (fr) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-29 | Snecma | Perfectionnement à un anneau de commande de calage des aubes fixes d'une turbomachine. |
| US8226357B2 (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2012-07-24 | Snecma | Pitch control ring for stator vanes of a turbomachine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2004121136A (ru) | 2006-01-10 |
| EP1496208B1 (fr) | 2014-05-07 |
| JP2005030399A (ja) | 2005-02-03 |
| US7112041B2 (en) | 2006-09-26 |
| RU2347915C2 (ru) | 2009-02-27 |
| FR2857404B1 (fr) | 2007-03-09 |
| UA88254C2 (ru) | 2009-10-12 |
| US20050042079A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
| JP4185894B2 (ja) | 2008-11-26 |
| FR2857404A1 (fr) | 2005-01-14 |
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