EP1492678B1 - Sicherheitselement mit makrostrukturen - Google Patents

Sicherheitselement mit makrostrukturen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1492678B1
EP1492678B1 EP03720418A EP03720418A EP1492678B1 EP 1492678 B1 EP1492678 B1 EP 1492678B1 EP 03720418 A EP03720418 A EP 03720418A EP 03720418 A EP03720418 A EP 03720418A EP 1492678 B1 EP1492678 B1 EP 1492678B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
macrostructure
layer
security element
pattern
function
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03720418A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1492678A2 (de
Inventor
René Staub
Andreas Schilling
Wayne Robert Tompkin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OVD Kinegram AG
Original Assignee
OVD Kinegram AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OVD Kinegram AG filed Critical OVD Kinegram AG
Priority to SI200331579T priority Critical patent/SI1492678T1/sl
Publication of EP1492678A2 publication Critical patent/EP1492678A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1492678B1 publication Critical patent/EP1492678B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D15/00—Printed matter of special format or style not otherwise provided for
    • B42D15/0033—Owner certificates, insurance policies, guarantees
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D15/00—Printed matter of special format or style not otherwise provided for
    • B42D15/0053—Forms specially designed for commercial use, e.g. bills, receipts, offer or order sheets, coupons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D15/00—Printed matter of special format or style not otherwise provided for
    • B42D15/0073—Printed matter of special format or style not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or material of the sheets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security element with macrostructures according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such security elements consist of a thin composite layer of plastic, wherein at least light-modifying relief structures and planar mirror surfaces are embedded in the layer composite.
  • the cut from the thin layer composite security elements are glued to objects to authenticate the authenticity of the objects.
  • the structure of the thin layer composite and the materials used for this purpose are, for example, in US 4,856,857 described. From the GB 2 129 739 A It is also known to apply the thin layer composite with the aid of a carrier film on an object.
  • An arrangement of the type mentioned is from the EP 0 429 782 B1 known.
  • the glued on a document security element has, for example, from the EP 0 105 099 A1 or EP 0 375 833 A1 known, optically variable surface pattern of mosaic-like arranged surface parts with known diffraction structures and other light-modifying relief structures. So that a forged document can not be provided with a counterfeit document cut out of a genuine document or detached from a genuine document in order to simulate an apparent authenticity, security profiles are embossed in the security element and in adjacent parts of the document. The impressing of the security profiles interferes with the recognition of the optically variable area pattern. In particular, the varies Position of the stamp on the security element from copy to copy of the document.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cost-effective security element with a novel optical effect, which consists of a thin layer composite and is to be attached to the object to be certified.
  • a security element comprising a layer composite lying in a reference plane defined by coordinate axes (x; y) consisting of a molding layer made of plastic and a protective layer made of plastic with embedded optically active structures forming a pattern which form part of the surface of the part Pattern are formed into the impression layer and form a reflective interface embedded between the transparent impression layer and the protective layer of the layer composite and at least one partial area with dimensions greater than 0.4 mm at the interface as optically active structure at least one molded macrostructure (M) with at least 0.1 Having mm distant from each other extreme values and that the macrostructure (M) an at least piecewise continuous and differentiable function of the coordinates (x; y), curved at least in partial areas and no periodic triangular or Rechteckfun is proceedings.
  • a security element comprising a layer composite lying in a reference plane defined by coordinate axes (x; y) consisting of a molding layer made of plastic and a protective layer made of plastic with embedded optically active structures forming a pattern which form part of
  • the security element 2 has, in the layer composite 1, a macrostructure M which extends in the region of a pattern 4.
  • the security element 2 is arranged in an imaginary reference plane spanned by the coordinate axes x, y.
  • the macrostructure M is a one-to-one, piecewise continuous and differentiable function M (x, y) of the coordinates x, y.
  • the function M (x, y) describes a surface curved at least in partial regions, where ⁇ M (x, y) ⁇ 0 holds in partial regions.
  • the macrostructure M is a three-dimensional surface, where x, y are the coordinates of a point P (x, y) on the surface of the macrostructure M.
  • the distance z (x, y) of the point P (x, y) from the reference plane is measured parallel to the coordinate axis z perpendicular to the plane of the drawing FIG. 1 stands.
  • the pattern 4 is in one embodiment of a surface pattern 38 with those of the aforementioned EP 0 375 833 A1 known, light-modifying structures, such as a flat mirror surface, light-diffractive, microscopically fine grating structures, matt structures, etc., surrounded.
  • the surface of the pattern 4 is grid-like according to FIG.
  • each raster element is divided into at least two field shares.
  • the corresponding portion of the function M (x, y) is formed, in the other example, mosaic elements of the surface pattern 38.
  • narrow line elements and / or other arbitrarily shaped mosaic elements of the surface pattern 38 are arranged on the pattern 4 ,
  • the line and mosaic elements in one direction have a dimension in the range 0.05 mm to 1 mm.
  • the security element 2 is transparent in a further embodiment in an edge zone outside the pattern 4.
  • the FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the bonded to the document 3 layer composite 1.
  • the composite layer 1 consists of several layers of different, successively applied to a carrier film not shown here plastic layers and comprises in the order listed typically a cover layer 5, an impression layer 6, a protective layer 7 and an adhesive layer 8. At least the cover layer 5 and the impression layer 6 are transparent to incident light 9. Through the cover layer 5 and the impression layer 6 through the pattern 4 is visible.
  • the protective layer 7 and the adhesive layer 8 are also transparent, indicia not shown here, which are applied to the surface of the substrate 3, can be recognized by transparent locations 10.
  • the transparent areas 10 can be found, for example, within the pattern 4 and / or in the border zone of the security element 2 surrounding the pattern 4.
  • the border zone is completely transparent in one embodiment, and only at predetermined transparent locations 10 in another embodiment
  • the carrier film is used to apply the thin layer composite 1 to the substrate 3 and is then removed from the layer composite 1, as in the aforementioned GB 2 129 739 A is described.
  • the joint contact area between the impression layer 6 and the protective layer 7 is the interface 11.
  • the interface 11 In the impression layer 6 are the optically active structures 12 of the macrostructure M of the pattern 4 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) molded with a structural height H St. Since the protective layer 7 fills the valleys of the optically active structures 12, that of the function M (x, y) describes the interface 11.
  • the interface 11 may be formed by a metal coating, preferably from the elements of Table 5 of the above-mentioned US 4,856,857 , in particular aluminum, silver, gold, copper, chromium, tantalum, etc., which separates the impression layer 6 and the protective layer 7 as a reflection layer.
  • the electrical conductivity of the metal coating causes a high reflectivity for visible incident light 9 at the interface 11.
  • one or more layers of one of the known, transparent, inorganic dielectrics for example, in Tables 1 and 4 of the aforementioned US 4,856,857 or the reflective layer has a multi-layered interference layer, such as a two-layer metal-dielectric combination, a metal-dielectric-metal combination, etc.
  • Die Reflection layer is structured in one embodiment, ie it covers the interface 11 only partially and leaves at the predetermined transparent locations 10, the interface 11 free.
  • the composite layer 1 is produced as a plastic laminate in the form of a long film web with a multiplicity of juxtaposed copies of the sample 4.
  • the security elements 2 are cut out of the film web and joined to the document 3 by means of the adhesive layer 8.
  • Documents 3 include banknotes, bank cards, identity cards or other valuable items.
  • the macrostructure M (x, y) is periodically composed of a predetermined segment of another mathematical function and has one or more periods in the partial surface 13.
  • the spatial frequencies F have a value of at most 20 lines / mm and are preferably below a value of 5 lines / mm.
  • the dimensions of the surface part 13 are greater than 0.4 mm at least in one direction, so that details in the pattern 4 can be seen with the naked eye.
  • one or more of the partial surfaces 13 form a relief image as a pattern 4, wherein the interface 11 instead of the simple mathematical functions of the macrostructure M follows the surface of the relief image.
  • Patterns for the pattern 4 can be found on gems or embossed images, such as seals, coins, medals, etc.
  • the macrostructure M of the surface of the relief image is piecewise continuous and differentiable and is curved in the subareas.
  • the macrostructure M replicates other visible three-dimensional surface textures, for example textures
  • the listing of the usable macrostructures M is incomplete since a plurality of the macrostructures M is piecewise continuous, differentiable and at least in partial areas .DELTA.M (x, y) ⁇ 0 applies.
  • the layer composite 1 must not be applied too much on the document 3. On the one hand, the documents 3 would otherwise be poorly stackable and, on the other hand, a thick layer composite 1 would offer an attack surface for detaching the layer composite 1 from the document 3.
  • the thickness of the layer composite varies according to the predetermined application and is typically in the range from 3 .mu.m to about 100 .mu.m.
  • the impression layer 6 is only a part of the layer composite 1, so that a structure height H ST permissible for the structure macrostructure 1 molded into the impression layer 6 is limited to values below 40 ⁇ m.
  • the technical difficulties in molding the macrostructure M increase with increasing structural height, so that preferred values of the structural height H ST are smaller than 5 ⁇ m.
  • the boundary surface 11 is shown as an impression structure A molded into the impression layer 6 with the optically active structures 12 and a relief height h R.
  • the impression structure A is a function A (x; y) of the coordinates x and y.
  • the height of the layer composite 1 expands along the coordinate axis z. Since the macrostructure M to be mapped may exceed the predetermined value of the feature height H ST , in each P (x, y) of the pattern 4, the profile height h of the macrostructure M must be limited to the predetermined stroke H of the impression structure A.
  • the macrostructures M with high values of the profile height h are also to be formed in the layer composite 1, which is a few micrometers thick, wherein in the Abform Modell A for technical reasons generated discontinuities 14 occur.
  • the function C (x; y) is limited in terms of amount to a range of values, for example to half the value of the structure height H ST .
  • the values for the stroke H may differ locally.
  • the locally varying stroke H is determined by the distance between two consecutive points of discontinuity P n not exceeding a predetermined value in the range from 40 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the impression structure A is identical to the macrostructure M between two adjacent points of discontinuity 14 up to a constant value. Therefore, with the exception of the shadow cast, the impression structure A produces to a good approximation the same optical effect as the original macrostructure M.
  • the illuminated pattern 4 therefore behaves like the relief image when viewed under tilting and / or rotation of the layer composite 1 in the reference plane a three-dimensional surface described by the macrostructure M, although the laminate is only a few microns thick.
  • a incident light 9 ( Fig. 2 ) is reflected by the optically active structure 12 and deflected in a predetermined manner.
  • a reflection layer for example, an approximately 30 nm thick layer of aluminum is used.
  • the refraction of the incident light 9 and the reflected light at the boundaries of the layer composite 1 is for simplicity in the drawing of FIG. 3 not shown and not included in the following calculations.
  • the incident light 9 is incident on the optically active structure 12 in the layer composite 1 in an incident plane 15 which contains a normal 16 to the reference plane or to the surface of the layer composite 1.
  • Parallel illumination beams 17, 18, 19 of the incident light 9 strike surface elements of the impression structure A, for example at the points indicated by a, b, c.
  • Each of the surface elements has a local inclination ⁇ and a surface normal 20, 21, 22 in the plane of incidence 15, which are determined by the component of degrees M (x, y).
  • the normal 16 and the second surface normal 21 enter the angle ⁇ > 0 °.
  • the observer 26 sees the surface elements of the macrostructure M with a high surface brightness, which have the same local inclination ⁇ in the plane of incidence 15 or in planes parallel to the plane of incidence 15.
  • the interface 11 is inherently smooth, the other surface elements of the macrostructure M may also scatter some light parallel to the viewing direction 27 and appear to be differently shaded to the observer 26 in accordance with the local inclination.
  • the observer 26 receives a plastic image impression, although the Abform Quilt A at most a few microns is high.
  • this scattering effect can be intensified and used in a controlled manner for the design of the security feature 2.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b show the different scattering behavior of the partial surface 13 of the security element 2 for the incident light 9.
  • the matt structures have a microscopically fine, stochastic structure in the interface 11 and are described by a relief profile R, a function of the coordinates x and y.
  • the matt structures scatter, as in the FIG. 4a shown, the parallel incident light 9 in a scattering cone 29 with a predetermined by the scattering power of the matte structure opening angle and the direction of the reflected light 23 as a cone axis.
  • the intensity of the scattered light is greatest, for example, on the cone axis and decreases with increasing distance to the cone axis, wherein the deflected in the direction of the generatrices of the scattering cone light is barely visible to an observer.
  • the cross section of the scattering cone 29 perpendicular to the cone axis is rotationally symmetrical in the case of normal incidence of light in the case of a matt structure referred to here as "isotropic". Is, like in the FIG. 4b
  • the cross section of the scattering cone 29 in a preferred direction 30 compressed, ie deformed elliptical, with the short major axis of the ellipse is aligned parallel to the preferred direction 30, the matte structure is referred to here as "anisotropic".
  • the relief structure elements are parallel aligned to the preferred direction 30.
  • the "isotropic" matt structures have direction-independent statistical parameters and therefore have no preferred direction 30.
  • the reflective layer consists of a colored metal or the cover layer 5 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) is colored and transparent. Particularly effective is the use of one of the multilayer interference layers on the interface 11, since the bulge of the macrostructure M, the interference layer in the direction of view 27 different thickness and therefore appears in locally different, dependent on the tilt angle 28 colors.
  • An example of the interference layer comprises a 100 nm to 150 nm TiO 2 layer between a transparent metal layer of 5 nm Al and an opaque metal layer of about 50 nm Al, the transparent metal layer facing the molding layer 6.
  • the FIG. 5 shows in cross section through the layer composite 1, a further embodiment of the macrostructure M.
  • the macrostructure M is at least in a partial surface 13 ( Fig. 4a ) a submicroscopic diffraction grating 31 is additively superimposed.
  • the diffraction grating 31 has the relief profile R of a periodic function of the coordinates x ( Fig. 2 ) and y ( Fig. 2 ) and has a constant profile.
  • the submicroscopic diffraction grating 31 diffracts the incident light 9 (FIG. Fig. 4a ) only in the zeroth diffraction order, ie in the direction of the beam 23 (FIG. Fig. 3 ) of the reflected light, in a dependent of the spatial frequency f section of the visible spectrum.
  • the profile depth t of the diffraction grating 31 is sufficiently small ( ⁇ 50 nm), then a smooth, incident light 9 is achromatically reflecting mirror surface as an interface 11 (FIG. Fig. 2 ) in front. Outside the points of discontinuity 14, the macrostructure M - changes slowly in comparison to the submicroscopic diffraction grating 31, which extends in the partial surface 13 with the constant relief height over the macrostructure M.
  • FIG. 6 shows the cross section through the layer composite 1 with a further embodiment of the security element 2 (FIG. Fig. 2 ).
  • the security element 2 comprises at least two partial surfaces 13 (FIG. Fig. 4a ), which in the drawing of the FIG. 6 arranged one behind the other.
  • the constant K is the magnitude of the curvature of the macrostructure M.
  • the gradients of the macrostructure M, grad (M) in the surface portions 31, 32, 33 are oriented substantially parallel to the y / z plane.
  • FIG. 7b shows the security element 2 after a rotation about the tilting axis 28 at a predetermined tilt angle, below which the strips 34 in the pattern 4 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) lie on the second and third surface parts 32, 33 and on the first surface part 31 on a line parallel to the tilting axis 28.
  • This predetermined tilt angle is determined by the choice and positioning of the macrostructures M.
  • a predetermined character can only be seen on the surface pattern surrounding the pattern 4 if the strips 34 have a predetermined position, for example that shown in the drawing FIG. 7b shown position, ie when the observer 26 ( Fig. 3 ) considers the security element 2 under the viewing conditions determined by the predetermined tilt angle.
  • the embodiments of the pattern 4 described above are to be combined with one another, and the correspondingly shaped macrostructures M are to be additively overlaid with the curved mirror surfaces and the matt structures, as well as all the aforementioned embodiments of the interface 11 (FIG. Fig. 6 ).

Landscapes

  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
EP03720418A 2002-04-05 2003-04-03 Sicherheitselement mit makrostrukturen Expired - Lifetime EP1492678B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200331579T SI1492678T1 (sl) 2002-04-05 2003-04-03 Varnostni element z makrostrukturami

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10216561 2002-04-05
DE10216561A DE10216561B4 (de) 2002-04-05 2002-04-05 Sicherheitselement mit Makrostrukturen
PCT/EP2003/003483 WO2003084766A2 (de) 2002-04-05 2003-04-03 Sicherheitselement mit makrostrukturen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1492678A2 EP1492678A2 (de) 2005-01-05
EP1492678B1 true EP1492678B1 (de) 2009-01-28

Family

ID=28458824

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03720418A Expired - Lifetime EP1492678B1 (de) 2002-04-05 2003-04-03 Sicherheitselement mit makrostrukturen

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US7002746B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP1492678B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2005528634A (ja)
KR (1) KR20040106311A (ja)
CN (1) CN1646328B (ja)
AT (1) ATE421926T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU2003224034A1 (ja)
DE (2) DE10216561B4 (ja)
DK (1) DK1492678T3 (ja)
ES (1) ES2321079T3 (ja)
PL (1) PL204059B1 (ja)
PT (1) PT1492678E (ja)
RU (1) RU2314931C2 (ja)
SI (1) SI1492678T1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2003084766A2 (ja)

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CN104385800B (zh) 2014-10-16 2017-10-24 中钞特种防伪科技有限公司 光学防伪元件及光学防伪产品
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003224034A1 (en) 2003-10-20
PT1492678E (pt) 2009-04-03
US7002746B2 (en) 2006-02-21
ATE421926T1 (de) 2009-02-15
RU2004132232A (ru) 2005-04-20
DK1492678T3 (da) 2009-05-04
DE10216561B4 (de) 2010-01-07
KR20040106311A (ko) 2004-12-17
US20050163922A1 (en) 2005-07-28
PL371280A1 (en) 2005-06-13
RU2314931C2 (ru) 2008-01-20
ES2321079T3 (es) 2009-06-02
DE50311142D1 (de) 2009-03-19
WO2003084766A3 (de) 2004-02-05
WO2003084766A2 (de) 2003-10-16
EP1492678A2 (de) 2005-01-05
SI1492678T1 (sl) 2009-08-31
CN1646328B (zh) 2011-03-30
DE10216561A1 (de) 2003-10-23
CN1646328A (zh) 2005-07-27
JP2005528634A (ja) 2005-09-22
AU2003224034A8 (en) 2003-10-20
PL204059B1 (pl) 2009-12-31

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