EP1486650A1 - Cooling device for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Cooling device for a motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1486650A1
EP1486650A1 EP04012510A EP04012510A EP1486650A1 EP 1486650 A1 EP1486650 A1 EP 1486650A1 EP 04012510 A EP04012510 A EP 04012510A EP 04012510 A EP04012510 A EP 04012510A EP 1486650 A1 EP1486650 A1 EP 1486650A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
cooling device
cooling
air
air duct
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04012510A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wolf Dr. Bartelheimer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP1486650A1 publication Critical patent/EP1486650A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38—Blades
    • F04D29/384—Blades characterised by form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/10—Guiding or ducting cooling-air, to, or from, liquid-to-air heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
    • F01P5/04—Pump-driving arrangements
    • F01P5/043—Pump reversing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
    • F04D19/005—Axial flow fans reversible fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P1/00—Air cooling
    • F01P2001/005—Cooling engine rooms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling device for a motor vehicle.
  • Known Cooling devices are designed, for example, according to FIG. 1.
  • a suction fan which in the direction of the air flow (i.e. in the direction of travel forward, seen against a direction of travel) is arranged behind a cooler, outside air through openings in the front of the vehicle body sucked through the radiator, which increases the mass flow through the cooling module and thus the one in the cooler Coolant for cooling the vehicle engine is cooled more.
  • the fan is used today Vehicles depending on the existing cooling requirements of the vehicle engine or the required air conditioning performance regulated.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved cooling device.
  • the invention is based on the finding that for optimizing the aerodynamics for an adjustable blinds to close the air inlet openings on the front Motor vehicle are very difficult to implement and on the other hand Reversal of the direction of rotation of the fan warm air from the engine interior through the Lead cooler module through and thus to a lower cooling of the coolant and would result in reduced air conditioning performance.
  • a Cooling device proposed that a cooler module, for example in the form of several heat exchanger arranged one behind the other or next to one another (for the Engine cooling circuit, the engine oil, in automatic transmissions the gear oil, in engines with Turbocharger or compressor of the intercooler and the air conditioning condenser) with a before or Fan located behind the cooler for targeted pushing or sucking in Cooling air through the cooling module and a cooling air duct for guiding the cooling air has, wherein the cooling air duct is designed such that it both in one sucking as well as in a pressing operation of the fan to a large extent fresh air can be sucked in from the outside of the motor vehicle.
  • the cooling air duct is preferably connected to the cooler on one side and elsewhere through an opening - especially down towards the roadway floor directed - for the intake of outside air connected to the vehicle's outside environment in such a way that ensures suction of outside air and suction of air from the Engine interior is largely avoided. Further training that is a different one Connecting the cooling air duct to the outside air is also possible. So he can Cooling air duct with its other opening upward in the area of the hood or be arranged between the bonnet and windscreen.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of the front part of a in a highly simplified representation Motor vehicle with a cooling device 2, a motor unit 4 to be cooled and one to the Motor unit 4 coupled gear unit 6.
  • the cooling device 2 comprises a Cooling air duct 20, a cooler module 22 and a fan 24.
  • the fan 24 designed such that it is in both the suction and the pressing mode can be operated.
  • the fan 24 can use its fan wheel in different ways Rotation directions are operated.
  • the cooling air is from the front (vehicle front) through the radiator module 22 sucked through and via the cooling air duct 20 preferably downwards in the direction Road surface derived (in Fig. 2, this mode would reverse direction of arrow for the air currents).
  • the cooling air duct 20 is at one end with the cooler module 22 connected (in particular such that a lateral outflow of the cooling air into the engine compartment not or only selectively e.g. by controllable air duct flaps 20a). other end
  • the cooling air duct 20 opens into the vehicle exterior via an opening 21 - and will in particular down towards the road floor under the vehicle.
  • On the side of the cooler 22 facing the front openings 30 is preferably likewise this provided with an air duct. As a result, a targeted is also in the front area Guidance of the ventilation flows guaranteed.
  • the fan 24 is from the suction (Fig.1, arrow II) to the pressing Operation (Fig. 2, arrow I) switched so that cooling air from the vehicle exterior - in particular from the lower vehicle floor area - sucked in and through the cooler module 22 through the front vehicle ventilation openings 30 is pressed outwards.
  • This will make a Back pressure to the front due to the vehicle speed Generated air pressure.
  • This artificially generated counter air pressure virtually closes the front Air inlet openings of the vehicle, so that the so-called cooling air resistance (the proportion the total resistance caused by the flow through the cooling module and the engine compartment arises) and thus the total air resistance is considerably reduced.
  • the fan 24 is at this embodiment as a fan with a preferably pressing mode of operation - the means that it is in the air delivery direction to the front openings to optimize the Aerodynamics, is designed for greater performance than in the other direction (according to the Example in FIG. 2 means that the fan 24 has a higher pressure mode Air volume delivery guaranteed as in suction mode). This makes sense because for the Build up a back pressure, especially at higher speeds Power is required than for the suction cooling support function of the fan 24 especially at lower speeds.
  • the fan 24 can of course also be arranged in front of the cooler module 22 become. Then, in accordance with the mode of operation, there is a fan 24 with preferably suction Operating mode.
  • the arrangement in the pressing mode improves in an advantageous manner Way the acoustic properties.
  • the fan blades In order to weight the performance of the fan 24 depending on the direction of rotation, the fan blades have to be designed accordingly, for example. According to the invention, these are seen in cross section (FIG. 3, section AA) on their opposite front and rear edges to be provided with different radii.
  • the fan blade profile is thus optimized for both directions of rotation with a round front and rear edge.
  • the front edge seen in the preferred direction of rotation has the larger radius.
  • the radii and the profile curvature as well as the curvature distribution are to be designed according to the inflow conditions.
  • the fan blade must be designed in such a way that the air flow cannot come off at the respective front edge of the fan blade in both directions of rotation.
  • the fan blade should preferably be designed such that its curvature is symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the fan blade.
  • adjustable guide blades can be arranged on the fan blades.
  • FIG. 3 shows in detail a fan blade according to the prior art (top illustration) and a fan blade according to the invention (middle illustration).
  • the layout of the fan blades is preferably designed according to aeroacoustic considerations.
  • the ventilation duct 20 is provided with at least one controllable air duct flap 20a.
  • the non-aerodynamic operation of the cooling device here: suction fan operation
  • a targeted forwarding of the cooling air into the engine interior is achieved, and thus additional cooling within the engine compartment is ensured.
  • aerodynamic operation here: pressing fan operation
  • the additional air duct flaps 20a should be closed in order to prevent warm engine air from being sucked in for optimum cooling performance.
  • the invention thus improves the aerodynamics of the vehicle - especially at lower speeds. For aerodynamic effectiveness at very high vehicle speeds, more fan drive power is required.
  • the cooling water circuit is cooled optimally and as required and the media (such as engine or gear oils) in other heat exchangers guaranteed and by encapsulating the engine compartment the warm-up time of engine and Gearbox reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

The cooling device (2) has a cooling air channel (20), a radiator module (22) and a fan (24) that can be operated in a suction mode and a blowing mode. The cooling air channel is designed so that fresh air can be sucked from the exterior of the vehicle via it to a significant extent in both the sucking mode and the blowing mode. An independent claim is also included for a motor vehicle with a cooling device.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kühlvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug.The invention relates to a cooling device for a motor vehicle.

Es sind bereits verschiedenartige Kühlvorrichtungen aus Kraftfahrzeugen bekannt. Bekannte Kühlvorrichtungen sind beispielsweise gemäß Fig. 1 ausgebildet. Hierbei wird über einen saugenden Lüfter, welcher in Richtung der Luftströmung (also bei Fahrtrichtung vorwärts, entgegen der Fahrtrichtung) gesehen hinter einem Kühler angeordnet ist, Außenluft durch frontseitige Öffnungen in der Karosserie des Fahrzeugs durch den Kühler hindurch angesaugt, wodurch sich der Massenstrom durch das Kühlmodul erhöht und so das im Kühler befindliche Kühlmittel zur Kühlung des Fahrzeugmotors stärker gekühlt wird. Der Lüfter wird bei heutigen Fahrzeugen in Abhängigkeit von dem vorhandenen Kühlungsbedarf des Fahrzeugmotors oder der benötigten Klimatisierungsleistung geregelt.Various types of cooling devices from motor vehicles are already known. Known Cooling devices are designed, for example, according to FIG. 1. Here is about a suction fan, which in the direction of the air flow (i.e. in the direction of travel forward, seen against a direction of travel) is arranged behind a cooler, outside air through openings in the front of the vehicle body sucked through the radiator, which increases the mass flow through the cooling module and thus the one in the cooler Coolant for cooling the vehicle engine is cooled more. The fan is used today Vehicles depending on the existing cooling requirements of the vehicle engine or the required air conditioning performance regulated.

Zur Optimierung des aerodynamischen Luftwiderstands bei Kraftfahrzeugen beschreibt die nicht vorveröffentlichte DE 102 39 879 bei einer vorstehend beschriebenen Kühlvorrichtung einen Lüfter einzusetzen, der in seiner Drehrichtung wechselbar ist. Hierdurch kann insbesondere bei hohen Geschwindigkeiten durch den Aufbau einer Luftströmung entgegen der einströmenden Fahrtluft der Luftwiderstand eines Kraftfahrzeugs verbessert werden.To optimize the aerodynamic drag in motor vehicles, the does not describe Pre-published DE 102 39 879 in a cooling device described above Use fans that can be changed in their direction of rotation. In this way, in particular high speeds by building an air flow against the inflowing Driving air resistance of a motor vehicle can be improved.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Kühlvorrichtung zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide an improved cooling device.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass für eine Optimierung der Aerodynamik zum einen verstellbare Jalousien zur Verschließung der frontseitigen Lufteintrittsöffnungen bei einem Kraftfahrzeug nur sehr aufwendig zu realisieren sind und andererseits eine Drehrichtungsumkehr des Lüfters warme Luft aus dem Motorinnenraum durch das Kühlermodul hindurch führen und somit zu einer geringeren Kühlung des Kühlmittels und einer verringerten Klimatisierungsleistung führen würde. Gemäß der Erfindung wird nunmehr eine Kühlvorrichtung vorgeschlagen, die ein Kühlermodul beispielsweise in Form mehrerer hintereinander oder auch nebeneinander angeordneter Wärmetauscher (für den Motorkühlkreislauf, das Motoröl, bei Automatikgetrieben das Getriebeöl, bei Motoren mit Turbolader oder Kompressor der Ladeluftkühler und der Klimakondensator) mit einem vor oder hinter dem Kühler angeordneten Lüfter zum gezielten Durchdrücken oder Ansaugen der Kühlluft durch das Kühlmodul hindurch sowie einen Kühlluftkanal zur Führung der Kühlluft aufweist, wobei der Kühlluftkanal derart ausgebildet ist, dass über ihn sowohl in einem saugenden als auch in einem drückenden Betrieb des Lüfters zu wesentlichen Teilen Frischluft aus dem Außenbereich des Kraftfahrzeugs ansaugbar ist. Da der Lüfter somit in keiner Betriebsart (weder saugend noch drückend) warme Motorinnenraumluft ansaugt, ist der Kühler über den Luftkanal vom Motorinnenraum luftströmungstechnisch und weistestgehend thermisch getrennt. Vorzugsweise ist der Kühlluftkanal auf seiner einen Seite mit dem Kühler verbunden und anderendig über eine Öffnung - insbesondere nach unten in Richtung Fahrbahnboden gerichtet - zur Ansaugung von Außenluft mit der Fahrzeugaußenumgebung verbunden derart, dass ein Ansaugen von Außenluft gewährleistet und ein Ansaugen von Luft aus dem Motorinnenraum weitestgehend vermieden wird. Weitere Ausbildungen, die eine anderendige Verbindung des Kühlluftkanals mit der Außenluft darstellen, sind ebenfalls möglich. So kann der Kühlluftkanal mit seiner anderendigen Öffnung nach oben im Bereich von Motorhaube oder zwischen Motorhaube und Frontscheibe angeordnet sein.The invention is based on the finding that for optimizing the aerodynamics for an adjustable blinds to close the air inlet openings on the front Motor vehicle are very difficult to implement and on the other hand Reversal of the direction of rotation of the fan warm air from the engine interior through the Lead cooler module through and thus to a lower cooling of the coolant and would result in reduced air conditioning performance. According to the invention, a Cooling device proposed that a cooler module, for example in the form of several heat exchanger arranged one behind the other or next to one another (for the Engine cooling circuit, the engine oil, in automatic transmissions the gear oil, in engines with Turbocharger or compressor of the intercooler and the air conditioning condenser) with a before or Fan located behind the cooler for targeted pushing or sucking in Cooling air through the cooling module and a cooling air duct for guiding the cooling air has, wherein the cooling air duct is designed such that it both in one sucking as well as in a pressing operation of the fan to a large extent fresh air can be sucked in from the outside of the motor vehicle. Because the fan is not in any Operating mode (neither suction nor pressure) sucks in warm engine interior air is the cooler via the air duct from the engine interior in terms of air flow technology and almost always thermally Cut. The cooling air duct is preferably connected to the cooler on one side and elsewhere through an opening - especially down towards the roadway floor directed - for the intake of outside air connected to the vehicle's outside environment in such a way that ensures suction of outside air and suction of air from the Engine interior is largely avoided. Further training that is a different one Connecting the cooling air duct to the outside air is also possible. So he can Cooling air duct with its other opening upward in the area of the hood or be arranged between the bonnet and windscreen.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Figur 2 und 3 näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 2:
eine Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 mit erfindungsgemäßer Kühlvorrichtung und
Figur 3:
die Rotorblätter eines Lüfters der erfindungsgemäßen Kühlvorrichtung im Querschnitt.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. Show it:
Figure 2:
a representation of Figure 1 with the cooling device according to the invention and
Figure 3:
the rotor blades of a fan of the cooling device according to the invention in cross section.

Figur 2 zeigt in stark vereinfachter Darstellung ausschnittsweise den frontseitigen Teil eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einer Kühlvorrichtung 2, einer zu kühlenden Motoreinheit 4 und einer an die Motoreinheit 4 gekoppelten Getriebeeinheit 6. Die Kühlvorrichtung 2 umfasst einen Kühlluftkanal 20, ein Kühlermodul 22 sowie einen Lüfter 24. Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Lüfter 24 derart ausgebildet, dass er sowohl in saugender als auch in drückender Betriebsart betrieben werden kann. Hierfür kann der Lüfter 24 mit seinem Lüfterrad in unterschiedlichen Drehrichtungen betrieben werden. Unter saugender Betriebsart wird im Sinne der Erfindung verstanden, dass der Lüfter 24 aufgrund seiner Anordnung und der Drehrichtung seines Lüfterrads Luft durch das Kühlermodul 22 hindurch ansaugt (Pfeil 11) während unter drückender Betriebsart verstanden wird, dass der Lüfter 24 aufgrund seiner Anordnung und der Drehrichtung seines Propellers die Luft durch das Kühlermodul 22 hindurchdrückt (Pfeil I). Im bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Lüfter 24 aus einer Position vor dem Fahrzeug stehend gesehen hinter dem Kühlermodul 22 angeordnet. FIG. 2 shows a section of the front part of a in a highly simplified representation Motor vehicle with a cooling device 2, a motor unit 4 to be cooled and one to the Motor unit 4 coupled gear unit 6. The cooling device 2 comprises a Cooling air duct 20, a cooler module 22 and a fan 24. According to the invention is the fan 24 designed such that it is in both the suction and the pressing mode can be operated. For this purpose, the fan 24 can use its fan wheel in different ways Rotation directions are operated. Under suction mode is in the sense of the invention understood that the fan 24 due to its arrangement and the direction of rotation of its Fan wheel sucks air through the cooler module 22 (arrow 11) while under pressing Operating mode is understood that the fan 24 due to its arrangement and the Direction of rotation of his propeller pushes the air through the cooler module 22 (arrow I). in the preferred embodiment, the fan 24 is standing from a position in front of the vehicle seen behind the cooler module 22.

Bei Betriebsarten mit hohem Kühlungs- bzw. Kühlluftbedarf, insbesondere bei sehr hohen Geschwindigkeiten, wird die Kühlluft von vorne (Fahrzeugfrontseite) durch das Kühlermodul 22 hindurch angesaugt und über den Kühlluftkanal 20 vorzugsweise nach unten in Richtung Fahrbahnboden abgeleitet (in Fig. 2 würde diese Betriebsart umgekehrten Pfeilrichtungen für die Luftströmungen). Hierfür ist der Kühlluftkanal 20 einendig mit dem Kühlermodul 22 verbunden (insbesondere derart, dass eine seitliche Abströmung der Kühlluft in den Motorraum nicht oder nur gezielt z.B. durch steuerbare Luftkanalklappen 20a möglich ist). Anderendig mündet der Kühlluftkanal 20 über eine Öffnung 21 ins Fahrzeugäußere - und wird insbesondere nach unten in Richtung Fahrbahnboden unter das Fahrzeug abgeleitet. Auf der den frontseitigen Öffnungen 30 zugekehrten Seite des Kühlers 22 ist dieser bevorzugt ebenfalls mit einem Luftkanal versehen. Hierdurch wird auch im frontseitigen Bereich eine gezielte Führung der Lüftströme gewährleistet.In operating modes with high cooling or cooling air requirements, especially in very high ones Speeds, the cooling air is from the front (vehicle front) through the radiator module 22 sucked through and via the cooling air duct 20 preferably downwards in the direction Road surface derived (in Fig. 2, this mode would reverse direction of arrow for the air currents). For this purpose, the cooling air duct 20 is at one end with the cooler module 22 connected (in particular such that a lateral outflow of the cooling air into the engine compartment not or only selectively e.g. by controllable air duct flaps 20a). other end The cooling air duct 20 opens into the vehicle exterior via an opening 21 - and will in particular down towards the road floor under the vehicle. On the the side of the cooler 22 facing the front openings 30 is preferably likewise this provided with an air duct. As a result, a targeted is also in the front area Guidance of the ventilation flows guaranteed.

Bei Betriebsarten mit geringem Kühlungs- bzw. Kühlluftbedarf, insbesondere bei niedrigen Geschwindigkeiten, wird der Lüfter 24 vom saugenden (Fig.1, Pfeil II) in den drückenden Betrieb (Fig.2, Pfeil I) umgeschaltet, so dass Kühlluft vom Fahrzeugäußeren - insbesondere vom unteren Fahrzeugbodenbereich - angesaugt und durch das Kühlermodul 22 durch die frontseitigen Fahrzeuglüftungsöffnungen 30 nach außen gedrückt wird. Hierdurch wird ein Gegendruck zu dem frontseitig aufgrund des durch die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit entstehenden Luftdrucks erzeugt. Dieser künstlich erzeugte Gegenluftdruck verschließt quasi die frontseitigen Lufteintrittsöffnungen des Fahrzeugs, so dass der sogenannte Kühlluftwiderstand (der Anteil am Gesamtwiderstand, der durch die Durchströmung des Kühlmoduls und des Motorraums entsteht) und damit der gesamte Luftwiderstand erheblich reduziert wird. Der Lüfter 24 ist bei dieser Ausführungsform als Lüfter mit bevorzugt drückender Betriebsart ausgebildet - das heißt, dass er in der Luftförderrichtung zu den frontseitigen Öffnungen zur Optimierung der Aerodynamik, für größere Leistungen ausgelegt ist als in die andere Richtung (gemäß dem Beispiel in Fig. 2 bedeutet das, dass der Lüfter 24 in drückender Betriebsart eine höhere Luftmengenförderung gewährleistet als in saugender Betriebsart). Dies ist sinnvoll, da für den Aufbau eines Gegendruckes insbesondere bei höheren Geschwindigkeiten eine stärkere Leistung erforderlich ist, als für die saugende Kühlungs-Unterstützungsfunktion des Lüfters 24 insbesondere bei niedrigeren Geschwindigkeiten.In operating modes with low cooling or cooling air requirements, especially in low ones Speeds, the fan 24 is from the suction (Fig.1, arrow II) to the pressing Operation (Fig. 2, arrow I) switched so that cooling air from the vehicle exterior - in particular from the lower vehicle floor area - sucked in and through the cooler module 22 through the front vehicle ventilation openings 30 is pressed outwards. This will make a Back pressure to the front due to the vehicle speed Generated air pressure. This artificially generated counter air pressure virtually closes the front Air inlet openings of the vehicle, so that the so-called cooling air resistance (the proportion the total resistance caused by the flow through the cooling module and the engine compartment arises) and thus the total air resistance is considerably reduced. The fan 24 is at this embodiment as a fan with a preferably pressing mode of operation - the means that it is in the air delivery direction to the front openings to optimize the Aerodynamics, is designed for greater performance than in the other direction (according to the Example in FIG. 2 means that the fan 24 has a higher pressure mode Air volume delivery guaranteed as in suction mode). This makes sense because for the Build up a back pressure, especially at higher speeds Power is required than for the suction cooling support function of the fan 24 especially at lower speeds.

Alternativ kann der Lüfter 24 selbstverständlich auch vor dem Kühlermodul 22 angeordnet werden. Dann ist entsprechend der Wirkungsweise ein Lüfter 24 mit bevorzugt saugender Betriebsart zu verwenden. Die Anordnung in drückender Betriebsart verbessert in vorteilhafter Weise die akustischen Eigenschaften. Alternatively, the fan 24 can of course also be arranged in front of the cooler module 22 become. Then, in accordance with the mode of operation, there is a fan 24 with preferably suction Operating mode. The arrangement in the pressing mode improves in an advantageous manner Way the acoustic properties.

Um die Leistungsfähigkeit des Lüfters 24 je nach Drehrichtung zu gewichten sind beispielsweise die Lüfterblätter entsprechend auszubilden. Erfindungsgemäß sind diese im Querschnitt gesehen (Fig. 3, Schnitt A-A) an ihren gegenüberliegenden Vorder- und Hinterkanten mit unterschiedlichen Radien zu versehen. Das Lüfterblattprofil ist somit optimiert für beide Drehrichtungen mit runder Vorder- und Hinterkante. Die in bevorzugter Drehrichtung gesehen vordere Kante weist den größeren Radius auf. Die Radien und die Profilwölbung sowie die Wölbungsverteilung sind entsprechend den Anströmbedingungen auszulegen. Das Lüfterblatt ist so auszugestalten, dass es in beiden Drehrichtungen nicht zu einer Ablösung des Luftstroms an der jeweiligen Lüfterblatt-Vorderkante kommen kann. Ferner ist das Lüfterblatt bevorzugt derart zu gestalten, dass es in seiner Wölbung symmetrisch zur Lüfterblattlängsachse ist. Zur Unterstützung der Lüfterwirkung können verstellbare Leitschaufeln an den Lüfterblättern angeordnet sein. Bei einer Ausführung gemäß dem Stand der Technik (obere Darstellung aus Fig. 3), bei dem die Lüfterblätter im Querschnitt gesehen an der Hinterkante scharfkantig ohne Radius ausgebildet sind ,ist eine Drehrichtungsumkehr nur unbefriedigend zu bewerkstelligen. Figur 3 zeigt in einzelnen Details ein Lüfterblatt nach dem Stand der Technik (obere Darstellung) und ein Lüfterblatt gemäß der Erfindung (mittlere Darstellung). Der Grundriss der Lüfterblätter wird bevorzugt nach aeroakustischen Überlegungen gestaltet.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, den Lüftungskanal 20 mit mindestens einer steuerbaren Luftkanalklappe 20a zu versehen. Hierdurch wird im nicht aerodynamischen Betrieb der Kühlvorrichtung (hier: saugender Lüfterbetrieb) eine gezielte Weiterleitung der Kühlluft in den Motorinnenraum erreicht und somit eine zusätzliche Kühlung innerhalb des Motorraums gewährleistet. Im aerodynamischen Betrieb (hier: drückender Lüfterbetrieb) sollten die zusätzlichen Luftkanalklappen 20a geschlossen werden, um für eine optimale Kühlleistung das Ansaugen warmer Motorluft zu verhindern.In order to weight the performance of the fan 24 depending on the direction of rotation, the fan blades have to be designed accordingly, for example. According to the invention, these are seen in cross section (FIG. 3, section AA) on their opposite front and rear edges to be provided with different radii. The fan blade profile is thus optimized for both directions of rotation with a round front and rear edge. The front edge seen in the preferred direction of rotation has the larger radius. The radii and the profile curvature as well as the curvature distribution are to be designed according to the inflow conditions. The fan blade must be designed in such a way that the air flow cannot come off at the respective front edge of the fan blade in both directions of rotation. Furthermore, the fan blade should preferably be designed such that its curvature is symmetrical to the longitudinal axis of the fan blade. To support the fan effect, adjustable guide blades can be arranged on the fan blades. In an embodiment according to the state of the art (upper illustration from FIG. 3), in which the fan blades, viewed in cross section, are formed with sharp edges at the rear edge without a radius, the direction of rotation can only be reversed unsatisfactorily. FIG. 3 shows in detail a fan blade according to the prior art (top illustration) and a fan blade according to the invention (middle illustration). The layout of the fan blades is preferably designed according to aeroacoustic considerations.
In a development of the invention, it is provided that the ventilation duct 20 is provided with at least one controllable air duct flap 20a. In this way, in the non-aerodynamic operation of the cooling device (here: suction fan operation), a targeted forwarding of the cooling air into the engine interior is achieved, and thus additional cooling within the engine compartment is ensured. In aerodynamic operation (here: pressing fan operation), the additional air duct flaps 20a should be closed in order to prevent warm engine air from being sucked in for optimum cooling performance.

Durch die Erfindung wird somit zum einen eine Verbesserung der Aerodynamik des Fahrzeugs - vor allem bei niedrigeren Geschwindigkeiten - erreicht. Für eine aerodynamische Wirksamkeit bei sehr hohen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeiten ist eine stärkere Lüfterantriebsleistung erforderlich. Zum anderen wird gleichzeitig eine optimale und bedarfsgerechte Kühlung des Kühlwasser-Kreislaufes und der Medien (wie Motor- oder Getriebeöle) in weiteren Wärmetauschern gewährleistet und durch die Kapselung des Motorraums die Aufwärmzeit von Motor und Getriebe verringert.The invention thus improves the aerodynamics of the vehicle - especially at lower speeds. For aerodynamic effectiveness at very high vehicle speeds, more fan drive power is required. On the other hand, the cooling water circuit is cooled optimally and as required and the media (such as engine or gear oils) in other heat exchangers guaranteed and by encapsulating the engine compartment the warm-up time of engine and Gearbox reduced.

Claims (7)

Kühlvorrichtung (2) für ein Kraftfahrzeug umfassend einen Kühlluftkanal (20), ein Kühlermodul (22) sowie einen Lüfter (24) der sowohl in einer saugenden als auch in einer drückenden Betriebsart betreibbar ist und wobei der Kühlluftkanal (20) derart ausgebildet ist, dass über ihn sowohl im saugenden als auch im drückenden Betrieb zu wesentlichen Teilen Frischluft aus dem Außenbereich des Kraftfahrzeugs ansaugbar ist. Cooling device (2) for a motor vehicle comprising a cooling air duct (20), a cooler module (22) and a fan (24) which can be operated both in a suction and in a pressing mode and wherein The cooling air duct (20) is designed in such a way that fresh air can be sucked in from the outside of the motor vehicle to a significant extent, both in the suction and in the pressing operation. Kühlvorrichtung (2) nach vorstehendem Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlluftkanal (20) auf seiner einen Seite mit dem Kühlermodul (22) verbunden ist und anderendig über eine Öffnung (21) zur Ansaugung von Außenluft mit der Fahrzeugaußenumgebung verbunden ist derart, dass ein Ansaugen von Luft aus dem Motorinnenraum weitestgehend vermieden wird.Cooling device (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the cooling air duct (20) is connected on one side to the cooler module (22) and is otherwise connected to the vehicle exterior via an opening (21) for drawing in outside air in such a way that a Sucking in air from the engine interior is largely avoided. Kühlvorrichtung (2) nach mindestens einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lüfter (24) aus einer Position vor dem Fahrzeug stehend gesehen hinter dem Kühlermodul (22) angeordnet und als Lüfter (24) mit bevorzugt drückender Betriebsart ausgebildet ist.Cooling device (2) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fan (24), viewed from a position in front of the vehicle, is arranged behind the cooler module (22) and is designed as a fan (24) with a preferably pressing operating mode. Kühlvorrichtung (2) nach vorstehendem Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lüfter (24) Lüfterblätter aufweist, deren Profil an der Vorder- und Hinterkante mit einem Radius abgerundet ist, wodurch in beiden Strömungsrichtungen - sowohl im saugenden, als auch im drückenden Betrieb - eine Strömungsablösung an der jeweiligen Vorderkante zumindest stark reduziert, bevorzugt ganz verhindert wird.Cooling device (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the fan (24) has fan blades, the profile of which is rounded at the front and rear edge with a radius, as a result of which in both flow directions - both in suction and in pressing operation Flow separation at the respective leading edge is at least greatly reduced, preferably completely prevented. Kühlvorrichtung (2) nach vorstehendem Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlluftkanal (20) mindestens eine zusätzliche verschließbare steuerbare Klappe (20a) aufweist.Cooling device (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the cooling air duct (20) has at least one additional lockable controllable flap (20a). Kühlvorrichtung (2) nach vorstehendem Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Klappe (20a) mit Steuermitteln verbunden ist derart, dass bei nicht aerodynamischem Betrieb die Klappe (20a) für die Einleitung eines Luftstroms in den Motorinnenraum Cooling device (2) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the flap (20a) is connected to control means such that, during non-aerodynamic operation, the flap (20a) for introducing an air flow into the engine interior Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Kühlvorrichtung (2) gemäß mindestens einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche.Motor vehicle with a cooling device (2) according to at least one of the preceding Expectations.
EP04012510A 2003-06-11 2004-05-27 Cooling device for a motor vehicle Withdrawn EP1486650A1 (en)

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