EP1486618A1 - Méthode et moyens pour construire une cave - Google Patents

Méthode et moyens pour construire une cave Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1486618A1
EP1486618A1 EP03447147A EP03447147A EP1486618A1 EP 1486618 A1 EP1486618 A1 EP 1486618A1 EP 03447147 A EP03447147 A EP 03447147A EP 03447147 A EP03447147 A EP 03447147A EP 1486618 A1 EP1486618 A1 EP 1486618A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
double wall
room
elongate elements
ground
hollow elongate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03447147A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Etienne Heirwegh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP03447147A priority Critical patent/EP1486618A1/fr
Publication of EP1486618A1 publication Critical patent/EP1486618A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/0007—Base structures; Cellars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/16—Arrangement or construction of joints in foundation structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2002/867—Corner details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method as well as to means which can be used to carry out the method for constructing a basement, cellar or room which is at least partially sunken into the ground, as well as to a sunken or partially sunken room thus obtained, such as for example a cellar, a basement or a garage.
  • the building techniques which may be used are often limited to those which cause a low level of vibrations. High energy vibrations may cause structural damage in neighbouring buildings and may even result in partial collapse of these. Working methods must also be safe for the operators of equipment at the building site as well as for passers-by. Access to building sites between existing buildings may also be restricted as roads and other thoroughfares may be close and in continuous use. Furthermore, in between existing buildings excavating a hole which is larger than the room to be constructed is often not possible. Where there is only limited space “top down” or “bottom up” methods can be used.
  • the present invention provides a method of constructing a room which is at least partially sunken in a ground, the method including:
  • the method according to the present invention may furthermore comprise providing a ground anchor in at least one of the plurality of hollow elongate elements.
  • the method according to the present invention may furthermore comprise filling the hollow elongate elements with solid or solidifiable material, such as concrete for example, or material which swells when coming in contact with liquid material, such as bentonite for example.
  • the double wall panels may be filled with solid material or material which swells when coming in contact with liquid material.
  • Inserting the hollow elongate elements into the ground may comprise forcing them into the ground by means of high frequency vibrations. Inserting the elongate elements into the ground may comprise flushing a liquid into the hollow elongate elements. Providing a double wall panel in between two neighbouring hollow elongate elements may include forcing said double wall panel into the ground.
  • a method according to the present invention may furthermore include installing a floor at the bottom of the cleared space.
  • the present invention also provides a room, at least partially sunken in the ground, formed by a plurality of hollow elongate elements provided with flanges at the circumference of the room, a plurality of double wall panels, each double wall panel being located in between two neighbouring hollow elongate elements to form an at least partially enclosed space, an upstanding water stop inside each of the double wall panels, a substantially horizontal water stop connected to at least some of the upstanding water stops.
  • the hollow elongate elements and/or the double wall panels may be filled with solid material.
  • This solid material may be concrete for example.
  • a double wall panel may further comprise a blade edge extending along a ground cutting portion of said double wall panel and adapted to aid ground cutting of said double wall panel.
  • the blade edge may, but does not need to, comprise an oblique slanted surface sloping from an inside face of a panel of said double wall panel at the top of said blade towards an outer face of that panel of said double wall panel at the bottom of said blade edge.
  • Said blade edge may comprise an outer skin of cutting material.
  • Said blade edge may be fixedly attached to the wall panel, in which case it is left there when finishing the room, for example by applying a floor, or it may be removably attached to the wall panel, so that it can be removed and recuperated before finishing the room.
  • the upstanding water stop and/or the substantially horizontal water stop may be formed by a sheet-like material, such as a metal sheet or a sheet of plastics material.
  • the water stops may be formed by a material that swells when coming into contact with liquid, such as bentonite for example.
  • the present invention furthermore provides a kit of parts for a room according to the present invention and as described above, said kit comprising a plurality of hollow elongate elements provided with flanges, a plurality of double wall panels a plurality of first water stops for application inside the double wall panels, and a plurality of second water stops for substantially horizontal connection to the first water stops when located within the double wall panels.
  • the kit of parts may furthermore comprise a template suitable for placing the plurality of hollow elongate elements at equal distances from each other.
  • sunken or partially sunken rooms such as garages, basements, semi-basements, storage spaces, etc. may be constructed in a similar fashion.
  • a partially sunken room is meant a room which is located partially under the ground level and partially above it.
  • the present invention allows to put into place prefabricated elements for realising a room which is located at least partially under the ground level.
  • a room may be "shallow” or “deep”.
  • shallow is meant that less than one storey is underground and by deep is meant more than one storey underground.
  • the time necessary for building such rooms is less than the time necessary for building conventional sunken or partially sunken rooms, and costs are reduced by about 30% to 40%.
  • the present invention provides methods and apparatus to form a water resistant and even a waterproof or watertight room.
  • the invention comprises in a first aspect a method for realising an at least partially sunken room.
  • a first step of the method comprises providing a plurality of hollow elongate elements, tubes 10 provided with flanges, at least over a part of the longitudinal direction thereof.
  • These tubes and flanges may be made from any suitable material, such as for example metal such as steel, concrete or plastics material.
  • a transversal cross-sectional view of such tube 10 where flanges are present is shown in Fig. 1.
  • Such tube 10 may be made from a pipe 11 which has a hollow central part which in cross-section is e.g. rectangular or square, but can have any suitable shape in cross-section, such as e.g.
  • tube 10 may be made by fixing together, in any suitable way such as for example welding, in longitudinal direction two I-profiles 20, 21, as illustrated in the transversal cross-section in Fig. 2.
  • the plurality of tubes 10 are provided substantially vertically in the ground, at modular distances.
  • module distance is meant a distance suitable for later on sliding prefabricated wall elements between two neighbouring tubes 10, so as to form a substantially vertical wall.
  • the tubes 10 can be placed at modular distance e.g. by means of a matching plate or template having suitable dimensions and suitable excisions.
  • a matching plate 30 is shown in Fig. 3. It comprises two excisions 31, 32 into which tubes 10 fit.
  • the shape of the excisions 31, 32 matches the shape of the tubes 10.
  • the matching plate 30 may comprise upstanding legs at the edges of the incisions, e.g. obtained by folding back cut material of the matching plate.
  • the matching plate 30 may be made from a piece of sheet metal into which incisions are made, for example by means of a laser, so as to enable pieces of metal to be folded back so as to free holes 31, 32 which match with the shape of the tubes 10.
  • a first tube 10 is arranged substantially vertically into the ground. This may be done by exerting downward forces onto the tube 10, e.g. by means of high frequency vibrations, or by means of a combination of liquid such as water and a downward force.
  • liquid such as water
  • a downward force e.g. water is made to flow into the tube 10 to be introduced into the ground, which tube is erected on the ground. The flowing of water weakens the resistance of the ground, and the tube 10 is pushed substantially vertically into the ground. This may be done by, e.g. hydraulically, applying a pushing force on the top side of the tube 10, and/or by applying vibrations to the tube 10. This way, the tube 10 is pushed into the ground over a first distance.
  • the tube 10 is preferably brought deeper into the ground over a second distance without using the liquid, in order to more firmly fix it into the ground.
  • the total depth the tube 10 is brought into the ground equals a summation of the first distance and the second distance, which is preferably deeper than the floor level of the sunken or partially sunken room to be built, for example about 2 meter deeper.
  • the second distance may for example equal 2 m.
  • a second tube and further tubes 10 may be inserted also, in the same way, preferably by using the matching plate or template 30 in order to position the plurality of tubes 10 at the suitable distances for later erecting the walls.
  • tubes 40 can be to be provided, of which a transversal cross-section is illustrated in Fig. 4.
  • Such corner tube 40 also comprises a hollow central part 41 which may be square or rectangular in cross-section, or can have any other suitable shape as the tubes 10.
  • flanges 42, 43, 44, 45 are provided, engageable with the walls to be erected later on.
  • a suitable matching plate (not represented in the drawings) different from the matching plate 30, and matching the shape of one tube 10 and the shape of one tube 40 is preferably provided.
  • the tubes 10, 40 When the tubes 10, 40 are brought into the ground, they can be fixed by means of a ground anchor (not represented in the drawings), in any suitable way known by a person skilled in the art. They are then filled with a filling material or grout such as e.g. concrete, which provides stability and firmness to the tubes 10, 40.
  • a ground anchor not represented in the drawings
  • Soil is then removed in between two tubes 10, 10 or between a tube 10 and a corner tube 40 where a wall element is to be provided.
  • Such wall element 50 is illustrated in top view in Fig. 5 and in side view in Fig. 6.
  • Such wall element 50 is preferably a double wall panel.
  • the double wall panel 50 for use with the present invention comprises a first wall 51 and a second wall 52, kept at a distance from each other by means of distance keepers 53.
  • the distance keepers 53 may be bars or rods made of any suitable material, e.g. from metal or glass fibre for example.
  • Such double wall panels can for example be obtained from Omnidal, Wieze, BE. They consist of two concrete wall panels 51, 52 forming the double wall panel, kept apart by means of metal rods 53.
  • the first wall 51 is intended to be placed towards the inside of the room to be built, and the second wall 52 is intended to be placed towards the outside of the room to be built.
  • the first wall 51 and the second wall 52 preferably have the same width, but the second wall 52 is preferably higher than the first wall 51, for example about 0.5 meter higher.
  • the top face of both first and second walls 51, 52 is at the same level, so that the second wall 52 is extending more downwards than the first wall 51.
  • a double wall panel 50 can be provided between those two tubes 10, 10 or 10, 40.
  • the description will be given for placing a wall element 50 between two tubes 10, 10, but the invention is not limited thereto. Placing a wall element 50 between a tube 10 and a corner tube 40 can be done in an analogous way and is not described in detail anymore.
  • a wall element 50 is slid in between two tubes 10, where it is guided and kept into place by the flanges 12, 13.
  • the wall element 50 is forced downwards into the ground towards its intended location.
  • the forcing may be performed hydraulically or by any other means.
  • the bottom side of the wall element 50 is preferably provided with a blade 62, running preferably along its bottom.
  • the blade 62 may comprise an oblique slanted surface 63, as illustrated in Fig. 6.
  • the slanted surface 63 slopes from the inside of the second wall 52 downwards and outwards to form a cutting edge along the very bottom of the wall element 50.
  • the blade 62 may be made from a metal, such as for example steel.
  • the blade 62 may be hollow or filled with concrete and provided with an outer skin adapted for ground cutting, such as for example a tempered steel coated with an anti-friction material, e.g. PTFE.
  • the blade edge 62 may be removably attached to the bottom of the second wall 52.
  • the blade edge 62 may be provided with fixing means for removably attaching the blade edge 62 to the bottom of the second wall 52.
  • the fixing means can be slid over the bottom part of second wall 52, but other removable fixing means may be provided as well.
  • the blade edge 62 may be fixedly attached to the bottom of the second wall 52.
  • the blade edge 62 may for example be fixed into the concrete of the second wall 52.
  • the blade edge 62 does not comprise a slanted surface. However, it is possible to provide a slanted surface for both embodiments.
  • wall elements 50 can easily be placed at their intended location under pressure, helped by gravity forces on the wall elements themselves. Therefore, such walls can be erected particularly quickly.
  • the intended position of the wall element 50 is so that the bottom side 64 of the first wall 51 is at a level somewhat below the finalised floor level of the room floor, i.e. at least one cm below the finalised floor level. This means that the bottom side of the second wall 52 is about 50 cm lower.
  • excavation inside the formed wall structure is performed so as to clear a space inside the wall structure which will form the inside of the room to be built. This excavation extends downwards under the intended finalised floor level of the sunken or partially sunken room.
  • a water stop a water resistant element sometimes known as "tanking" is provided for making the sunken or partially sunken room watertight. This may be done by providing vertical water stop or tanking fixing means 70 at the tubes 10, as illustrated in Fig. 7. These vertical water stop or tanking fixing means 70 may be fixed to the tubes 10 in any suitable way, for example by welding. Furthermore, a horizontal water stop or tanking fixing means 71 is provided, which is attached in any suitable way, for example by welding, to the tube 10 and to its vertical water stop or tanking fixing means 70.
  • Vertical water stop or tanking plates 80 are then attached to the water stop or tanking fixing means 70, inside the wall elements 50, by any suitable means such as for example by welding.
  • Horizontal water stop or tanking plates 81 are attached to the vertical water stop or tanking plates 80 and to the horizontal water stop or tanking fixing means 71, also by any suitable means such as for example by welding.
  • the horizontal water stop or tanking plates 81 preferably have a length suitable for covering the whole width or length of the sunken or partially sunken room to be built. The result is a sandwich tanking.
  • the vertical and horizontal water stop or tanking plates 80, 81 may be made of any suitable material, such as metal, for example steel, plastics material or bentonite for example.
  • blade edges 62 at the bottom side of second wall panel 52 have to be recuperated, this is done before the stabilising layer or any other layer of the floor is applied.
  • a stabilising layer is preferably provided at the bottom of the sunken or partially sunken room to be built.
  • the stabilising layer may comprise a 10:1 sand and cement mix.
  • a plastics layer such as e.g. PVC, which may form an internal water resistant layer or internal tanking may also be provided. Concrete or a suitable equivalent is then poured into the sunken or partially sunken room such that it forms a floor.
  • the wall segments 50 are filled with any suitable filling material, such as concrete for example. This way, a stable and strong sunken or partially sunken room is provided.
  • a vertical cross-section of a part of a wall of the room is shown in Fig. 9, a top view of a part of the wall is shown in Fig. 10 and a top view of a corner of the room is shown in Fig. 11.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
EP03447147A 2003-06-12 2003-06-12 Méthode et moyens pour construire une cave Withdrawn EP1486618A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03447147A EP1486618A1 (fr) 2003-06-12 2003-06-12 Méthode et moyens pour construire une cave

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03447147A EP1486618A1 (fr) 2003-06-12 2003-06-12 Méthode et moyens pour construire une cave

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EP1486618A1 true EP1486618A1 (fr) 2004-12-15

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EP03447147A Withdrawn EP1486618A1 (fr) 2003-06-12 2003-06-12 Méthode et moyens pour construire une cave

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1016288A3 (nl) 2004-08-06 2006-07-04 Heirwegh Etienne Verbeterde methode voor het bouwen van een verzonken of deels verzonken ruimte.
GB2438923A (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-12 Paul Anthony Howes Damp proof lining for an elevator pit
ITCT20090015A1 (it) * 2009-12-29 2011-06-30 Mose Monachino Galleria artificiale "tipo palermo"
CN113026820A (zh) * 2021-03-10 2021-06-25 北京润亚环宇建筑工程有限公司 地下室外墙后浇带的钢板安装结构及施工方法
CN114319429A (zh) * 2021-12-03 2022-04-12 中铁建华南建设有限公司 预制钢筋桁架节点结构及地铁车站侧墙与底板连接构造
CN114457847A (zh) * 2022-02-21 2022-05-10 江苏扬建集团有限公司 一种地下室外墙模板免拆除支撑体系及其施工方法
CN114934544A (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-08-23 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 一种用于盖挖逆作边墙施工方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3385016A (en) * 1966-05-06 1968-05-28 Crom Corp Joint construction and waterstopbearing pad therefor
BE761499A (fr) * 1971-01-12 1971-06-16 Const & Entrepr Ind Procede de construction de murs souterrains.
JPS6013125A (ja) * 1983-07-04 1985-01-23 Meisei Kogyo Kk 地下室構築工法
US6220789B1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2001-04-24 Richard W. White Integrated excavation shoring building foundation method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3385016A (en) * 1966-05-06 1968-05-28 Crom Corp Joint construction and waterstopbearing pad therefor
BE761499A (fr) * 1971-01-12 1971-06-16 Const & Entrepr Ind Procede de construction de murs souterrains.
JPS6013125A (ja) * 1983-07-04 1985-01-23 Meisei Kogyo Kk 地下室構築工法
US6220789B1 (en) * 1998-12-29 2001-04-24 Richard W. White Integrated excavation shoring building foundation method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 132 (M - 385) 7 June 1985 (1985-06-07) *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1016288A3 (nl) 2004-08-06 2006-07-04 Heirwegh Etienne Verbeterde methode voor het bouwen van een verzonken of deels verzonken ruimte.
GB2438923A (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-12 Paul Anthony Howes Damp proof lining for an elevator pit
GB2438923B (en) * 2006-06-06 2010-12-22 Paul Anthony Howes Damp proof lining a pit
ITCT20090015A1 (it) * 2009-12-29 2011-06-30 Mose Monachino Galleria artificiale "tipo palermo"
CN113026820A (zh) * 2021-03-10 2021-06-25 北京润亚环宇建筑工程有限公司 地下室外墙后浇带的钢板安装结构及施工方法
CN114319429A (zh) * 2021-12-03 2022-04-12 中铁建华南建设有限公司 预制钢筋桁架节点结构及地铁车站侧墙与底板连接构造
CN114457847A (zh) * 2022-02-21 2022-05-10 江苏扬建集团有限公司 一种地下室外墙模板免拆除支撑体系及其施工方法
CN114934544A (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-08-23 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 一种用于盖挖逆作边墙施工方法
CN114934544B (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-11-04 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 一种用于盖挖逆作边墙施工方法

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