EP1485967A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur nachfuehrung einer antenne - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur nachfuehrung einer antenneInfo
- Publication number
- EP1485967A1 EP1485967A1 EP03714757A EP03714757A EP1485967A1 EP 1485967 A1 EP1485967 A1 EP 1485967A1 EP 03714757 A EP03714757 A EP 03714757A EP 03714757 A EP03714757 A EP 03714757A EP 1485967 A1 EP1485967 A1 EP 1485967A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- polarization
- signal level
- main
- tracking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 208000004350 Strabismus Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/125—Means for positioning
- H01Q1/1257—Means for positioning using the received signal strength
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/125—Means for positioning
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for tracking an antenna for receiving orthogonally polarized transmission signals according to the preamble of claims 1 and 9, respectively.
- satellite antennas for receiving programs broadcast via satellites must be aligned precisely with a satellite. In principle, this is also possible in vehicles if they are in a parked position.
- satellite programs are to be received in moving objects, that is to say during a car or bus journey, a train journey, on ships or in airplanes.
- a tracking system for tracking a satellite antenna to a geostationary satellite position on moving objects has already become known.
- the satellite antenna is kept in a constant oscillating motion by means of a corresponding motor drive and the received signal level is evaluated. If there is a decrease in the signal level, the antenna is brought back again until a decrease in the signal level can be determined after an increase in the signal level.
- the main beam direction or main lobe of the receiving system of the satellite antenna is constantly oscillated around the theoretical optimal value in order to obtain information about the optimal alignment.
- such a system has several disadvantages. On the one hand, it is disadvantageous that due to the permanent drive and the permanent adjustment of the satellite antenna due to the aforementioned pendulum movements, the wear of the entire system is considerable.
- the main disadvantage is that the signal level of the satellite can never be optimally used, since the main beam direction or main lobe of the antenna must be brought out for optimal alignment by the pendulum movement, which leads to the undesired drop in the signal level.
- AI is another device for receiving a satellite signal become known, which can be installed for example on trucks.
- an azimuthal angle deviation is determined between the direction of incidence of the satellite signal and the direction of reception of the antenna by measuring the strength of the received satellite signal.
- the antenna is also pivoted back and forth about its vertical axis after adjusting its elevation angle until the received satellite signal reaches a maximum value. If the received satellite signal drops again because the antenna is turned away from the reception direction of the satellite, for example as a result of the land vehicle turning, the antenna is pivoted again about its vertical axis until the received satellite signal again reaches a maximum value. Since it cannot be determined in this azimuthal tracking of the antenna when the received satellite signal drops, in which direction the antenna has to be pivoted, this must always be tried by swiveling it back and forth. If the received satellite signal continues to drop, the pan direction was wrong.
- the antenna In order to also be able to determine the direction of the azimuthal tracking of the antenna, it is preferably proposed to pivot the antenna by a small angle about its vertical axis after the direction of incidence of the satellite signal has been determined.
- This azimuthal angle deviation of the direction of reception of the antenna from the direction of incidence of the satellite signal can be chosen to be so small that the strength of the received satellite signal is above a minimum value which is still supposed to ensure perfect image and sound reception. Through this So the antenna is never operated in the optimal reception direction. This poses problems especially when the vehicle is in a reception area in which the satellite signal is already weaker by default.
- the invention is based on the following preliminary considerations.
- satellites send orthogonally polarized signals.
- a satellite reception antenna is able to do this to receive orthogonal polarizations of a given frequency band (often a lower or upper frequency band).
- the two orthogonal polarizations are called horizontal if the E-vector runs horizontally to the earth, ie parallel to the horizon.
- Vertical polarization is used when the E-vector of the polarized electromagnetic wave is perpendicular to the earth, ie perpendicular to the horizon.
- the two orthogonal polarizations are circularly clockwise or counterclockwise.
- an antenna is now constructed in such a way that the main beam directions, ie the main lobes for the respective polarization, differ from one another.
- the antenna is squinted, for example, in the azimuth plane by a defined angle, ie the axes of the main lobes of the two orthogonal polarizations in the azimuth plane differ from one another by a defined angle.
- the main beam direction or the main lobe of the antenna or the feed system makes it possible, for example, for the main beam direction or the main lobe of the antenna or the feed system to be oriented with respect to the H polarization to the desired satellite and, in contrast, to receive the second polarization, in the present case the V polarization, corresponding signals from the same satellite, however in the steeper flank area of the main lobe.
- a deviation in the antenna alignment can now be detected easily and precisely, since even a slight deviation with regard to an optimal alignment of the antenna on the satellite with respect to the second polarization leads to a much stronger signal level drop or a much stronger signal level rise than that for the optimally aligned one Polarization could be detected.
- this other polarization in the example shown the main beam direction of the antenna with respect to the V-polarized electromagnetic waves, is optimally received, i.e. aimed at the desired satellite, whereas the second polarization, i.e. the H polarization is now used to detect a deviation in the alignment of the antenna and a corresponding tracking.
- a squint angle of, for example, 0.2 ° to 2.0 °, preferably 0.4 ° to 1.0 ° is fully sufficient. Because optimal conditions are always achieved when level differences of the detected polarization per change in angle are as large as possible, but the absolute reception level does not yet become too small, so that the level difference is easy to detect. In other words, the squinting angle should be set so that - if the antenna is optimally aligned with respect to one actively received polarization - the second signal level of the second polarization received for detection of the alignment and tracking, for example, a signal level difference of 4 to 5 dB having.
- the antenna is then swiveled out of its optimal position while driving, a level difference of, for example, 2 dB with respect to the cross-eyed polarization can be measured well by means of the detected polarization, such level differences with respect to the detected polarization resulting in no appreciable level losses with respect to the other received polarization leads, the main beam direction on the Satellite should be optimally aligned.
- the direction of the readjustment can be recognized.
- An increase in the level of the detected received signal of the one polarization indicates that the antenna must be moved from the non-squinting position in the direction of the detected squinting position.
- the angle range can even be determined by the level difference.
- an adjustment angle can even be derived from the level deviation, or a specific adjustment angle can be assigned to a specific level deviation.
- the antenna can be adjusted very easily without impairing reception.
- the readjustments are only necessary if a misalignment has to be corrected.
- the entire system can remain at rest, so that no motor drive has to be activated for the tracking. This significantly minimizes the overall load on the rotary mechanics compared to the prior art.
- an alignment or readjustment in the elevation direction can preferably also be carried out at larger time intervals in the system according to the invention.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a satellite and a satellite receiving antenna
- FIG. 2 a schematic representation of the tracking system according to the invention with an evaluation, control and / or control Facility;
- Figure 3 a diagram regarding the squinting
- FIG. 4 a schematic perspective illustration of a flat antenna with different extensions in the horizontal and vertical directions;
- FIG. 5 an azimuth diagram with respect to that in FIG
- Figure 6 an elevation diagram
- a geostationary satellite 1 is shown in a schematic representation in FIG.
- the programs are transmitted via this satellite via at least two polarization planes which are orthogonal to one another.
- Received antenna 3 tenantenne in the illustrated embodiment, a satellite-in the form of a flat antenna 3.
- This flat antenna 3 ' is provided, for example, on or in a moving object, for example a motor vehicle, bus, ship or the like.
- the antenna 3, including an associated feed system is constructed in such a way that the main beam directions of the two polarizations differ from one another, in other words, the main beam direction K 1 for the horizontal polarization in relation to the main beam direction K 2 for the vertical polarization V run at a defined angle ⁇ to one another , In the case of a flat antenna, for example, this can be achieved by taking suitable measures in the information networks.
- the flat antenna is squinted by a defined angle ⁇ in the azimuth plane, i.e. the axes K1 and K2 of the main lobes HK and VK of the two orthogonal polarizations deviate from one another in the azimuth plane by the defined angle mentioned, for example the main lobe HK the H polarization can be precisely aligned to the desired satellite 1, whereas The main lobe VK of the V polarization receives the corresponding signals from the same satellite, but not in the area of the greatest signal level, but in the steeper flank area 15 of the main lobe VK. This opens up the possibility of detecting deviations in the antenna alignment very easily and precisely. This is to be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 3, the main lobes HK and VK explained with reference to FIG. 3 also being schematically represented in the schematic perspective illustration in FIG. 1 with respect to the planar antenna.
- the horizontal polarization H of the antenna 3 or of the associated feed system should be aimed at optimal reception, that is to say exactly at the reception direction of the satellite, in order to realize a high input signal level.
- the exact position of the satellite 1 is indicated in FIG. 3 by means of the arrow 6, by means of which, for example, the H polarization is to be received with the maximum signal level.
- the receive signal level curve 19 of the antenna 3 or of the associated feed system for receiving the vertical polarizations V is shown in broken lines in FIG. 3 and is offset from the active receive signal level curve 17 in accordance with the squint angle ⁇ .
- the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG or maximum received signal level 17 'with respect to the actively received polarization on the other hand only receive a signal level 19' for the second polarization V which is still in the upper region on the edge 15 of the signal level curve 19.
- the entire setting is therefore advantageously chosen such that level differences of the detected polarization per change in angle are large, but the absolute reception level is not too small, so that the level difference is still easy to detect.
- the squint angle ⁇ between the two received polarizations is selected such that there is approximately a level difference of approximately 5 dB between the two polarizations. results in a level range of approximately -2.5 to -6.5 dB or, for example, -3 to -7 dB, this leads to easily measurable level differences of approximately 2 dB.
- Such an antenna is indicated in perspective in FIG. 4, including a three-dimensional representation of the main beam direction or main lobe (partially shown in section).
- a solution that is still improved compared to this is appropriate if there is also a location system, for example in the form of a GPS receiver. Deviations in the basic elevation settings for the respective receiving location can then easily be determined by this GPS receiver, and the necessary information can then be supplied to the tracking system. A corresponding readjustment is then as described above unnecessary.
- a downstream AD converter can transmit the corresponding information to a microprocessor as part of the tracking system, i.e. deliver as part of the evaluation and control device.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Radio Relay Systems (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10212625 | 2002-03-21 | ||
| DE10212625A DE10212625A1 (de) | 2002-03-21 | 2002-03-21 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Nachführung einer Antenne |
| PCT/EP2003/002026 WO2003081717A1 (de) | 2002-03-21 | 2003-02-27 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur nachführung einer antenne |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1485967A1 true EP1485967A1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
| EP1485967B1 EP1485967B1 (de) | 2005-08-24 |
Family
ID=27815846
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03714757A Expired - Lifetime EP1485967B1 (de) | 2002-03-21 | 2003-02-27 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur nachfuehrung einer antenne |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1485967B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE303004T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003218999A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10212625A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003081717A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE414355T1 (de) | 2005-03-11 | 2008-11-15 | Siemens Ag Oesterreich | Verfahren und system zur ausrichtung einer erdstationantenne mit einer satellitenantenne |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19548206A1 (de) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-06-26 | Hans Schmelzle | Einrichtung zum Empfang eines Satelliten-Signals |
| US6137451A (en) * | 1997-10-30 | 2000-10-24 | Space Systems/Loral, Inc. | Multiple beam by shaped reflector antenna |
-
2002
- 2002-03-21 DE DE10212625A patent/DE10212625A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-02-27 WO PCT/EP2003/002026 patent/WO2003081717A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-02-27 DE DE50301049T patent/DE50301049D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-27 AT AT03714757T patent/ATE303004T1/de active
- 2003-02-27 EP EP03714757A patent/EP1485967B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-27 AU AU2003218999A patent/AU2003218999A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03081717A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2003081717A1 (de) | 2003-10-02 |
| AU2003218999A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
| DE10212625A1 (de) | 2003-10-09 |
| EP1485967B1 (de) | 2005-08-24 |
| ATE303004T1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
| DE50301049D1 (de) | 2005-09-29 |
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