EP1476648B1 - Procede et dispositif de reconnaissance d'une phase d'un moteur a allumage commande a 4 temps - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de reconnaissance d'une phase d'un moteur a allumage commande a 4 temps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1476648B1
EP1476648B1 EP02796519A EP02796519A EP1476648B1 EP 1476648 B1 EP1476648 B1 EP 1476648B1 EP 02796519 A EP02796519 A EP 02796519A EP 02796519 A EP02796519 A EP 02796519A EP 1476648 B1 EP1476648 B1 EP 1476648B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
voltage
primary
top dead
measuring
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP02796519A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1476648A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Ott
Helmut Binder
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P17/00—Testing of ignition installations, e.g. in combination with adjusting; Testing of ignition timing in compression-ignition engines
    • F02P17/12—Testing characteristics of the spark, ignition voltage or current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for detecting a phase of a 4-stroke gasoline engine.
  • Every second ignition finds an ignitable fuel mixture.
  • the injection takes place as a pre-storage before the closed inlet valve or open inlet valve in the intake stroke.
  • unburned mixture is never pushed into the catalyst. After the engine has started, it is then possible to switch to the individual ignition in the Z-OT using other OT detection methods.
  • the DE 198 17 447 describes a method and a device in which the crankshaft is rotated by a starter in a starting phase and a voltage is applied to the spark plug without an injection at each crankshaft rotation in the region of the respective top dead center.
  • the Paschen law is used, according to which the ignition voltage is higher, the greater the pressure between the electrodes. If the engine is rotated by the starter, a compression of the gas takes place in the combustion chamber only in the compression strokes, the highest pressure in the ignition top dead centers (Z-OT) offset by 720 ° CA is achieved. In the offset by 360 ° for this charge change top dead centers (LW-OT) between exhaust stroke and intake stroke, however, is a significantly lower gas pressure.
  • an ignition voltage is set which is sufficient only for ignition at the low pressure of the LW-TDC, but not at the high pressure of the TDC.
  • To set the ignition voltage of the ignition coil is only supplied to a corresponding ignition energy.
  • the discrimination as to whether or not ignition has taken place at each top dead center is made by analysis of the ion current. If no ignition has been present, only a short half-oscillation is measured here in the primary circuit and secondary circuit because of the component capacitances and the inductance of the respective ignition coil winding, which is interrupted by the freewheeling diode. In the case of ignition, however, a substantially triangular secondary current is measured as a spark current.
  • the method and the device of DE 198 17 447 A1 can also be used with a BDE engine, as the firing takes place in the LW-TDC without injection. In this case, however, first an accurate control of the ignition coil must be made to provide exactly the desired ignition energy available.
  • the required threshold value of the ignition energy for distinguishing the top dead centers can be different, in particular in the case of different motors, so that precise adjustment is made more difficult.
  • the evaluation of the measured ion current for a precise distinction between Z-OT and LW-OT is relatively expensive.
  • the method according to the invention with the features of claim 1 and the device according to the invention with the features of claim 12 offer the Advantage that they can be implemented with relatively little effort, enable accurate detection of the phase and in particular can be used in a gasoline direct injection engine.
  • the motor can advantageously be started by in-phase injection and ignition following the phase detection in already rotating crankshaft.
  • the engine is rotated with ignition and without injection. Unlike in the DE 198 17 447 A1 A sufficiently high ignition energy is supplied, which leads to an ignition at each crankshaft revolution, without having to set an exact threshold.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a distinction of the Z-OT of the LW-TDC is possible even when performing an ignition in both top dead centers, since the ignition behavior is different in both positions. Due to the high pressure in the Z-OT, the ignition voltage is high and the burning time short; in the LW-TDC, on the other hand, the ignition voltage is low and the burning time is long. A distinction between the two positions can thus be made in ignitions by comparing the combustion times, the ignition current or the voltage applied to the spark plug ignition voltage.
  • the secondary current can be measured, e.g. B. as a voltage drop across a connected to the secondary winding of the ignition coil and the spark plug in series measuring resistor to ground.
  • the measuring device becomes simple formed by the measuring resistor in the secondary circuit.
  • the voltage drop across the measuring resistor is recorded as a measuring signal by an evaluation device.
  • a measurement in the primary circuit can be made in particular via the primary voltage removed at the primary winding terminals of the ignition coil.
  • a suitable measuring circuit with an operational amplifier or comparator, wherein the primary voltage z. B. can be supplied via a voltage divider circuit an input of the operational amplifier for comparison with a reference voltage at the other input of the operational amplifier.
  • the operational amplifier in turn outputs a measurement signal to an evaluation device.
  • the evaluation device can advantageously record the triggering signal of the trigger transistor in addition to the respective measurement signal in order to be able to determine the ignition timing for the evaluation of the measurement signal.
  • the evaluation device outputs a combustion duration signal to a comparison device, which compares the combustion duration signals with each other or with pre-stored values and in this case assigns a shorter duration of ignition to the ignition in the Z-OT.
  • phase detection according to the invention can be carried out simultaneously on one or more pistons. After phase detection, the rotation of the crankshaft can already be exploited for the starting process by the correct injection in the next Z-OT injection and ignition.
  • phase detections via spout detection or an additional encoder wheel on the camshaft - no additional sensors are thus - unlike z. B. phase detections via spout detection or an additional encoder wheel on the camshaft - no additional sensors, but only a relatively small amount of circuitry required.
  • the invention can be advantageously used in particular in gasoline direct-injection engines, as during phase detection an injection is completely avoided and thus can not get fuel to the catalyst. It can also be applied to engines with intake manifold injection; such use is particularly advantageous in intake manifold injection engines, where the conventionally used dual ignition process under ignition and injection is problematic at each top dead center.
  • the measuring device and evaluation device used in accordance with the invention can be integrated.
  • the primary voltage induced at the primary winding there is no further influencing of the primary and secondary circuit, so that a cost-effective solution with safe phase detection without further influencing the ignition process is possible.
  • a primary winding of an ignition coil 2 and an ignition transistor 3 are provided in a primary circuit 4 between a battery terminal of the on-board voltage UB and ground.
  • the ignition transistor 3 is driven by a drive signal a and can in its low-impedance state - at a high voltage level of the drive signal a - a primary current in the primary circuit 4, through which a magnetic field is established in the ignition coil 2.
  • a voltage U2 drops in relation to the grounded terminal of the ignition coil 8 at the series-connected measuring resistor RM corresponding to the respective secondary current.
  • on-board voltage UB and control signal a is selected so that the ignition energy stored in the ignition coil 2 before switching off the primary flow for ignition of a gas both in the charge cycle top dead center (LW-OT) and in Ignition top dead center (Z-OT) sufficient for the establishment of a sufficiently high ignition voltage at the spark plug 8.
  • the voltage applied to the collector of the ignition transistor 3 and the corresponding terminal of the primary winding of the ignition coil 2 voltage U1 is removed from a voltage divider circuit with resistors R1, R2.
  • the zener diode ZD shown can be connected in parallel with R1.
  • the resistors R1, R2 are selected to be so high that they do not appreciably affect the primary current and, in particular in the high-resistance state of the ignition transistor 3, no appreciable primary current relevant to the magnetic field of the ignition coil 2 flows through it.
  • the primary reference voltage U R1 is supplied to the operational amplifier 12, instead of the high voltage value of U1 is a limited voltage value at the ignition time.
  • the other input of the operational amplifier 12 is connected via a second voltage divider circuit 13 or other suitable means for setting a reference voltage Uref to the on-board voltage UB.
  • a reference voltage U ref which is dependent on the on-board voltage U B, is generated, so that an advantageous automatic adaptation to changes in U B occurs (for example, when the starter is actuated).
  • the operational amplifier 12 provides a high or low output signal.
  • URef and R1, R2 are selected so that a primary voltage induced by the secondary current during ignition can be detected and distinguished from a state free of ignition-current.
  • the output signal of the operational amplifier 12 is supplied to a first evaluation device 16, which further receives the drive signal a and outputs a continuous-fire signal t-BR1.
  • the combustion duration signals output by the first evaluation device 16 and the second evaluation device 18 can then be compared with corresponding signals of the measurement performed at the subsequent top dead center in a comparison device (not shown).
  • the first measuring device in the primary circuit or the second measuring device in the secondary circuit can be used;
  • the magnetic field of the ignition coil 2 builds up faster with a larger secondary current in the secondary circuit 6, so that a larger voltage U1 is induced in the primary circuit with a shorter time extension.
  • the magnetic field of the ignition coil 2 slows down to form a lower secondary current, so that the induced voltage in the primary circuit U1 and consequently also U R1 is lower and over the longer burning time t-Br-LW-OT extends.
  • a reference voltage URef1 is between the value of U R1 during the longer burning time t-Br-LW-OT and a resting value U N after the burning times t-Br-Z-OT and t-Br-LW-OT.
  • the burning time can thus be determined, with the output signal of the operational amplifier 12 or comparator changing the value after the respective burning time.
  • This output signal of the operational amplifier 12 is output to the evaluation device 16, which continues receives the drive signal a for determining the ignition timing and outputs a combustion duration signal t-BR1.
  • a voltage proportional to the induced secondary current U2 is recorded directly from the second evaluation device 18 according to curve 2b.
  • the measurement curves Z of the ignition TDC and LW of the charge exchange TDC shown in FIG. 2b are not necessarily strictly linear.
  • the induced in the secondary winding of the ignition coil 2 secondary current falls relatively quickly from zero from a high initial value within the burning time t-BR-Z-OT.
  • the secondary current induced during the charge cycle OT drops to zero from a smaller value over the longer burn time t-BR-LW-OT.
  • These curves can z. B. can be distinguished by the voltages U2 shown with the dashed line reference voltage URef2 in z.
  • an operational amplifier or comparator of the evaluation device 18 is compared.
  • URef2 must be set sufficiently low to obtain a clear difference in the measured curves.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé d'identification de la phase d'un moteur à allumage commandé à 4 temps,
    selon lequel dans une phase de démarrage un vilebrequin est mis en rotation par au moins un piston,
    pour au moins deux points morts hauts successifs (Z-OT, LW-OT) du piston sans apport de carburant, on déclenche un allumage au moyen d'une bobine d'allumage,
    on mesure le courant primaire ou la tension primaire d'un circuit primaire ou le courant secondaire ou la tension secondaire d'un circuit secondaire pendant un intervalle de temps de mesure dont la durée respective correspond à au moins une durée de combustion (t-BR-Z-OT, t-BR-LW-OT) succédant à l'allumage, et
    par une comparaison des mesures des points morts hauts successifs, on détermine lequel des points morts hauts successifs est un point mort haut d'allumage (Z-OT) entre temps de compression et temps moteur, et lequel est un point mort haut de changement de charge (LW-OT) entre temps de d'échappement et temps d'admission.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la mesure identifiant une plus courte durée de combustion (t-BR-Z-OT) est associée au point mort haut d'allumage (Z-OT).
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la durée de combustion est identifiée comme étant la période faisant suite à l'allumage durant laquelle une valeur de tension primaire ou de tension secondaire ou une valeur de courant primaire ou de courant secondaire dépasse une valeur de référence.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    durant l'intervalle de temps de mesure, une tension primaire (U1) induite aux bornes de l'enroulement primaire de la bobine d'allumage ou une tension de comparaison primaire (UR1) formée à partir de la tension primaire (U1) par un circuit diviseur de tension (R1, R2), est comparée à une première tension de référence (Uref1), et un signal de durée de combustion (t-BR1) est émis en fonction de cette comparaison.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la première tension de référence (Uref1) se situe entre la valeur de la tension de comparaison primaire (UR1) pendant la durée de combustion d'un point mort haut de changement de charge (t-BR-LW-OT) et la valeur d'une tension au repos (UN) au terme des durées de combustion (t-BR-Z-OT, t-BR-LW-OT).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on identifie un courant secondaire, de préférence par mesure d'une chute de tension secondaire (U2) aux bornes d'une résistance de mesure (RM) montée en série avec l'enroulement secondaire et la bougie d'allumage (8).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les tensions secondaires (U2) mesurées aux points morts hauts (Z-OT, LW-OT) sont comparées à une deuxième tension de référence (URef2), et un signal de durée de combustion (t-BR2) est émis en fonction de cette comparaison.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le signal de durée de combustion (t-BR-1, t-Br-2) est émis en fonction de la valeur de mesure et d'un signal de commande (a) du transistor d'allumage.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    on détermine la phase d'un moteur à injection directe d'essence.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un point mort haut d'allumage (Z-OT) est déterminé sur plusieurs cylindres.
  11. Procédé d'allumage d'un moteur à allumage commandé à 4 temps, notamment d'un moteur à injection directe d'essence, selon lequel la phase du moteur et de la rotation du vilebrequin est déterminée en mettant en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, et on produit ensuite une injection et un allumage durant la phase appropriée sans interruption de la rotation du vilebrequin.
  12. Dispositif d'identification de la phase d'un moteur à allumage commandé à 4 temps comprenant un circuit primaire, un circuit secondaire, une bobine d'allumage, une bougie d'allumage et un transistor d'allumage, et
    un dispositif de mesure (12, 13, R1, R2 ; RM) pour mesurer une tension primaire ou secondaire ou un courant primaire ou secondaire lors de la rotation du vilebrequin au moment des points morts hauts successifs d'un piston sans apport de carburant, pendant un intervalle de temps de mesure respectif dont la durée correspond à au moins une durée de combustion (t-BR-Z-OT, t-BR-LW-OT) succédant à l'allumage, et pour émettre un signal de mesure,
    avec un moyen pour empêcher l'apport de carburant lors des temps du moteur à combustion interne avant lesquels ou lors desquels s'effectue la mesure de la tension primaire ou secondaire ou du courant primaire ou secondaire, et
    un dispositif d'exploitation (16 ; 18) captant le signal de mesures du dispositif de mesure et émettant un signal indiquant lequel des points morts hauts successifs est un point mort haut d'allumage (Z-OT) entre temps de compression et temps moteur, et lequel est un point mort haut de changement de charge (LW-OT) entre temps de d'échappement et temps d'admission.
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de mesure (12, 13, R1, R2) permet de mesurer la tension primaire (U1) induite par le courant secondaire.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de mesure présente un moyen de comparaison, de préférence un amplificateur opérationnel (12) ou un comparateur, dont les entrées sont reliées aux raccords d'enroulement primaire de la bobine d'allumage (2) par des moyens de réglage de tension, de préférence un circuit de tension de référence (13) et un circuit de tension de commande (R1, R2).
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de mesure est un dispositif de mesure du courant secondaire présentant une résistance (RM) montée en série dans le circuit secondaire (6) avec l'enroulement secondaire de la bobine d'allumage (2) et la bougie d'allumage (8), le dispositif d'exploitation (18) captant comme signal de mesure une chute de tension secondaire (U2) aux bornes de la résistance de mesure (RM).
  16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 12 à 15,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif d'exploitation (16, 18) capte le signal de mesure du dispositif de mesure (12, 13, R1, R2 ; RM) et un signal de commande (a) du transistor d'allumage (3) et émet en conséquence le signal de durée de combustion (t-BR1, t-BR2) destiné au dispositif de comparaison.
  17. Dispositif selon la revendication 16,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de comparaison présente un système de mémoire destiné à la mémorisation intermédiaire d'au moins un signal de durée de combustion (t-BR1, t-BR2) d'une mesure à comparer au signal de durée de combustion de la mesure subséquente.
EP02796519A 2002-01-15 2002-12-23 Procede et dispositif de reconnaissance d'une phase d'un moteur a allumage commande a 4 temps Expired - Lifetime EP1476648B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10201164 2002-01-15
DE10201164A DE10201164A1 (de) 2002-01-15 2002-01-15 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erkennung einer Phase eines Viertakt-Ottomotors
PCT/DE2002/004729 WO2003060307A1 (fr) 2002-01-15 2002-12-23 Procede et dispositif de reconnaissance d'une phase d'un moteur a allumage commande a 4 temps

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1476648A1 EP1476648A1 (fr) 2004-11-17
EP1476648B1 true EP1476648B1 (fr) 2007-12-26

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EP02796519A Expired - Lifetime EP1476648B1 (fr) 2002-01-15 2002-12-23 Procede et dispositif de reconnaissance d'une phase d'un moteur a allumage commande a 4 temps

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US (1) US6971372B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1476648B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005515346A (fr)
DE (2) DE10201164A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003060307A1 (fr)

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WO2024064226A1 (fr) * 2022-09-22 2024-03-28 Woodward, Inc. Mesure d'une étincelle d'une bougie d'allumage

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CN101793201B (zh) * 2010-01-22 2012-09-05 清华大学 汽油发动机的转速检测电路
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EP3318580B1 (fr) * 2015-06-30 2022-12-28 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Composition d'émulsion aqueuse
WO2018179244A1 (fr) 2017-03-30 2018-10-04 マーレエレクトリックドライブズジャパン株式会社 Procédé d'allumage de moteur et dispositif d'allumage de moteur
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US20050126544A1 (en) 2005-06-16
DE50211436D1 (de) 2008-02-07
JP2005515346A (ja) 2005-05-26
WO2003060307A1 (fr) 2003-07-24
US6971372B2 (en) 2005-12-06
DE10201164A1 (de) 2003-08-14
EP1476648A1 (fr) 2004-11-17

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