EP1473967A2 - Procédé de suppression d'au moins un signal de bruit acoustique et dispositif de mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de suppression d'au moins un signal de bruit acoustique et dispositif de mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1473967A2
EP1473967A2 EP04005338A EP04005338A EP1473967A2 EP 1473967 A2 EP1473967 A2 EP 1473967A2 EP 04005338 A EP04005338 A EP 04005338A EP 04005338 A EP04005338 A EP 04005338A EP 1473967 A2 EP1473967 A2 EP 1473967A2
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
directional microphone
directional
signal
rms2
rms1
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Granted
Application number
EP04005338A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1473967B1 (fr
EP1473967A3 (fr
Inventor
Eghart Fischer
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Sivantos GmbH
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Siemens Audioligische Technik GmbH
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Publication of EP1473967A3 publication Critical patent/EP1473967A3/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/004—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for microphones
    • H04R29/005—Microphone arrays
    • H04R29/006—Microphone matching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/005—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for combining the signals of two or more microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2430/00—Signal processing covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2430/03—Synergistic effects of band splitting and sub-band processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/40—Arrangements for obtaining a desired directivity characteristic
    • H04R25/407—Circuits for combining signals of a plurality of transducers

Definitions

  • the invention relates at least to a method of suppression an acoustic interference signal with a directional microphone system, that has at least two microphones, and one Device for performing the method.
  • the adjustment of microphones of a directional microphone system is crucial for the suppression of interference signals.
  • the microphones of a directional microphone system statically adapted to each other in the free field.
  • This Adjustment is usually carried out using a measuring device, which allows amplitude and phase adjustment of the individual mostly omnidirectional microphones.
  • the static balance enables a diffuse noise field to eliminate from the directional microphone signal. Indeed an adjustment carried out in the free field at operate a directional microphone system, for example in a hearing aid is used by the influence of Head to the sound propagation partially canceled made.
  • adaptive amplitude and Phase matching algorithms are proposed and used the adjustment continuously while worn of the hearing aid and thus the influence of the head account for the reception of acoustic signals.
  • the Parameters of these algorithms are essentially two factors an amplitude factor and a phase shift between the two microphone signals. Such factors also become frequency band specific used.
  • the algorithms achieve in Medium, i.e. for diffuse noise, the best possible Adjustment.
  • the invention has for its object a method and specify a device with which the directional Influence of an acoustic interference signal on the reception of a Directional microphone system can be suppressed.
  • the first-mentioned object is achieved according to the invention by a method for suppressing at least one interference signal with a directional microphone system that has at least two microphones has, firstly a plurality of directional microphone signals by weighted combining signals of at least two microphones are generated, with the weighting each a directional sensitivity of the directional microphone system determined, secondly, the directional microphone signals the same sensitivity of the directional microphone system in one Directional range are standardized and thirdly the directional microphone signal with the lowest interference signal component as an output directional microphone signal is selected.
  • weighted combining can e.g. a delay using a phase factor and an amplitude change by an amplitude factor be achieved.
  • the interference signal is in a direction in which the Sensitivity of the directional microphone signal given by the weighting is large, the directional microphone signal becomes one contain a large proportion of interference signals. Is the interference signal contrast in a direction in which the sensitivity the directional microphone signal determined by the weighting is small, so the interference signal component in the directional microphone signal be small.
  • Prerequisite for a possible comparison of the directional microphone signals is the same sensitivity of all directional microphone signals in a directional range.
  • This straightening area is with a directional microphone system, for example in a Hearing aid is used, preferably the pre-alignment, which is usually referred to as 0 °.
  • the pre-alignment which is usually referred to as 0 °.
  • two microphones have a relatively wide first-order directional cone generate, it is advantageous to adjust the sensitivity of the Directional microphone system depending on the technical conditions in one narrow or wide area e.g. in the forward direction convey. In the simplest case, only the signal is in the 0 ° direction taken.
  • the directional microphone signals generated are in standardized this range to an equal sensitivity.
  • the directional microphone signal with the lowest interference signal is used as the output directional microphone signal of the directional microphone system selected.
  • the contribution of the interference signal to the directional microphone signal due to the standardized sensitivity in Directional range characterized for example by the signal energy.
  • a low signal energy means sensitivity of the directional microphone signal to the interference signal is low, so that a low interference signal component in the Directional microphone signal is present.
  • Another advantage of the method is that it is directional Suppression of an interfering signal since the method does it allows targeted interference signals from the direction with a minimum sensitivity can be received from the Filter out directional microphone signal.
  • the weighting is determined to be the sensitivity the directional microphone system for a related to Directional microphone system in one direction interference signal source minimized.
  • the weighting is determined to have an effect of the acoustic environment due to use directional microphone system occurs.
  • the weighting in a directional microphone system which in a Hearing aid is used, determined when worn, i.e. the directional microphone system is in the determination the weighting on a head or a head imitation in arranged according to a constellation of use.
  • a weighting for example, a signal source, which is in one direction to the directional microphone system by varying the weighting of the microphone signals removed as far as possible from the directional microphone signal.
  • certain weights have the advantage that they are under controlled conditions and in one fine grid each optimized for a direction of incidence of the Signal source are generated.
  • the weighting has an amplitude and / or Phase factor especially for correcting the amplitude or Phase of one of the microphone signals.
  • the weighting for example in the form of the amplitude and / or phase factor, can be saved, the saving being for example as a frequency and direction dependent map.
  • the various can be used to generate the directional microphone signals Weights can be read selectively from the memory.
  • the different directional microphone signals are essentially generated at the same time.
  • the weight changes to the generation of the plurality of directional microphone signals Value to successively directional microphone signals with different to generate directional sensitivities.
  • the method becomes the frequency range of the microphone signals in frequency bands divided, in each of which the procedure according to the invention is carried out. It results for everyone Frequency band-specific output directional microphone signals, which together form an output directional microphone signal from the Form directional microphone system for the entire frequency range.
  • the second object is achieved according to the invention by a device for performing such a method a directional microphone system, which has at least two microphones having.
  • the two microphones each with a frequency-selecting Filter bank connected, at their outputs frequency band signal components the microphone signals are present, whereby the outputs of the filter banks with the same frequency bands are connected in pairs to a unit, which the frequency band signal components with a weighting combined, the weighting by means of an amplitude of the corresponding frequency band signal component changing Amplitude unit and / or the phase of the corresponding one Frequency band signal component rotating phase unit takes place, where the amplitude unit and the phase unit are either together on one or individually on one of the frequency band signal components act, with several combination units are connected to a comparison unit, which the Directional microphone signals for the same possible sensitivity normalized in a directional range and the standardized directional microphone signals compared with regard to their interference signal component and the directional microphone signal at the output of the comparison unit with the lowest interference signal component as an output directional microphone signal is present.
  • Figure 1 shows a typical example of the use of a Directional microphone system RM1, RM2 for the suppression of acoustic Noise.
  • Directional microphone systems RM1, RM2 in a hearing aid, which is used by person 1 as a hearing aid.
  • Person 1 entertains himself with a person S2 who is in the directional range of the Directional microphone system RM1, RM2 is located.
  • the directional range is in the forward direction, i.e. in the direction of 0 ° Axis.
  • the deviation of the position of the person S2 from the 0 ° axis by the angle ⁇ 2 lies, for example, within a cone-shaped directional range of the directional microphone system RM1.
  • the directional microphone system RM1 consists of two microphones M1, M2; the directional microphone system RM2 consists of three microphones M3, M4, M5.
  • the hearing aids in which the directional microphone systems RM1, RM2 can be included behind the ear or inside Be ear-worn hearing aids. Alternatively, through Connection of the microphones M1, M2 on one side with one or several microphones M3, M4, M5 on the other side Directional microphone systems are generated.
  • the signals from are used to form a directional microphone signal at least two microphones M1, ... M5 may be delayed and combined weighted together. Depending on the weighting the directional microphone system has a different directional one Sensitivity to.
  • Such a sensitivity distribution is called a directional characteristic of the directional microphone system. It can e.g. can be measured as follows. You set the directional microphone system an acoustic signal with constant amplitude, being the source of the acoustic signal to the directional microphone system can be moved. For different directions received signal energy, i.e. for different positions the signal source, the signal energy is absorbed. she varies with the same weighting due to the directional Sensitivity of the directional microphone system.
  • the sensitivity of the Directional microphone system is e.g. set such that the signal coming from a constant direction on the directional microphone system falls, for example minimally received or is even completely eliminated. Repeat this for several Directions, i.e. rotating the position of the signal source once in 5 ° angle steps around the directional microphone system, you create a set of weights, the one coming from the corresponding direction Minimize the signal.
  • directional microphone systems are each in a special acoustic environment, e.g. they are on the head (fig 1) or worn on the body.
  • the acoustic environment influences the sound propagation and accordingly the directional characteristics. That is why it is advantageous to use the weighted combination to generate the directional characteristics used in the process perform in the respective acoustic environment, so the weights have the effect of acoustic Take the acoustic signals into account.
  • a directional microphone system built into a hearing aid exists in addition to the possibility of the microphones not to be compared on the head of the respective hearing aid wearer, i.e. combining them weighted, also the possibility the comparison using a head imitation, for example represents an average head.
  • Head related transfer function HRTF head-related transfer function
  • the weighted combination of two microphone signals MS1, MS2 of the microphones M1, M2 is shown schematically.
  • the signals MS1, MS2 differ in their amplitude and in their phase.
  • the aim of a comparison of the two microphones is on the one hand to adjust the amplitudes of the signals MS1, MS2 and on the other hand to set a fixed phase relationship.
  • the former is achieved, for example, by amplification with a fixed amplitude factor K A in an amplifier unit A.
  • the latter is achieved, for example, with the aid of a phase rotator PH, which rotates the relative phase, which should be 0 ° in FIG. 2, by the phase angle K PH .
  • the amplitude and phase correction can be based on a microphone signal Act. This is the case in Figure 2: Both correction factors act on the microphone signal MS1 and generate a corrected Microphone signal MS1 '. This has the obvious Advantage of a simple structure in which only one signal is processed becomes. Alternatively, the corrections can be made to one of the microphone signals.
  • Such a signal comparison is preferably carried out in a frequency band.
  • the frequency range of the microphone signals is divided into several frequency bands, for example using a filter bank.
  • the amplitude and phase factors K A , K PH in turn now determine the direction-dependent sensitivity of the directional microphone system generated in each case, for example by minimizing the sensitivity in one direction in the corresponding frequency band.
  • a clear assignment of a minimum to a direction is only possible in the case of an asymmetrical sensitivity distribution, such as that caused by the influence of the head.
  • only symmetrical sensitivity distributions can be generated for the free field, which reflect the symmetry of the free field and the microphone arrangement.
  • the frequency and / or direction-dependent Weightings in the form of frequency and / or direction dependent Characteristic curves or functions or as data pairs stored in the directional microphone system.
  • a directional characteristic K is shown in FIG. 3, which the influence of an indicated head 1 ⁇ the directional sensitivity of the directional microphone system considered. You can clearly see that clearly Minimum at 240 °. The minimum on the side of the head 1 'is weaker compared to the free field. On Directional microphone system, which due to its weighting the Directional characteristic K has an interference signal from the Received area 240 ° significantly weakened.
  • FIG. 4 schematically represents a possible structure of a Device for performing the method.
  • the microphones M1, M2 are each connected to a filter bank FB1 or FB2. Is located at the outputs of the filter banks FB1, FB2 a frequency band ⁇ F, ⁇ F ⁇ of the microphone signals MS1, MS2. outputs with a matching frequency band ⁇ F, ⁇ F ⁇ in pairs with a series of weighted combining units G1, G2, G3, G4 connected. That is, the weighted combination are on the one hand limited to the frequency band ⁇ F Microphone signal MS1 and the other on the same frequency band ⁇ F limited microphone signal MS2 for Available.
  • the microphone signal MS1 is generated with the signal of the microphone using an amplitude factor K A1 , K A2 , K A3 , K A4 and a phase factor K PH1 , K PH2 , K PH3 , K PH4 M2 matched.
  • the directional microphone signals RMS1, RMS2 are generated, for example, by forming the difference between the corrected microphone signal MS1 and the microphone signal MS2 in the combination units K1, K2, K3, K4.
  • the corresponding directional characteristics K ' are shown schematically in the combination units K1, K2, K3, K4.
  • the direction is indicated in which the minimum of the directional characteristic lies, for example for K ⁇ the minimum is 120 °.
  • the weighted combination can be used for almost all weights done simultaneously or sequentially.
  • all weights provided at the same time e.g. by implemented in the directional microphone are.
  • the directional microphone signals generated one after the other.
  • the weights are e.g. read out gradually from a common memory, whereby e.g. the minimum of the directional characteristics once by 360 ° rotates around the directional microphone system.
  • the outputs of the weighted combining units G1, G2, G3, G4 are connected to a comparison unit V.
  • the Comparison unit V compares the directional microphone signals RMS1, RMS2 with regard to the interference signal component contained in them. To do this, first combine those with the weighted ones Units G1, G2, G3, G4 generated directional microphone signals RMS1, RMS2 for an equal sensitivity in one Straightened range. For example, the sensitivity in the 0 ° direction of all directional microphone signals RMS1, RMS2 1 set.
  • the comparison of the interference signal component can, for example based on the signal level, the signal energy or of the noise component in the signal. The better the respective one Static directional characteristic of the microphones M1, M2 hits the interference signal, the lower the Signal energy or the signal level.
  • At the output of the comparison unit V is the output directional microphone signal ARMS for the frequency band ⁇ F which has the lowest Has interference signal component.
  • the frequency band-specific output directional microphone signals ARMS1, ARMS2 are fed to a further combination unit 11, in which it becomes a single directional microphone signal ARMS for the directional microphone system through the microphones M1, M2 is formed, be united.
  • This output directional microphone signal becomes a further signal processing
  • Signal processing unit 13 supplied, for example is a hearing aid signal processing and in which is another algorithm for noise suppression or an amplification of the signal corresponding to the hearing damage of the Carrier is carried out.
  • the method illustrated in FIG. 4 is based on the processing of microphone signals in the individual frequency bands ⁇ F, ⁇ F ⁇ .
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • Figure 5 summarizes exemplary values for the amplitude and Phase factors together for a frequency band. Is applied in one direction the amplitude factor A and in the other Direction the phase delay ⁇ of the two microphone signals.
  • the amplitude factor A for 0 ° or 360 ° is, for example approx. 0.5 dB.
  • the associated phase ⁇ is approx. -1.2.
  • each Asterisk corresponds to a pair of amplitude and phase factors A, ⁇ , which are given in 5 ° steps. Clear one recognizes the asymmetrical course of the factor distribution due to the consideration of the head on the Sound propagation. Be in use in a hearing aid for example the amplitude and phase factors A, ⁇ are used, the for interference signal suppression of interference signals in the Range from 90 ° to 270 ° are required.
  • FIG. 6 shows the representation of an amplitude factor A 'as a characteristic curve K A' which approximates the directional dependence of an amplitude factor A '.
  • a structured measurement curve M of the amplitude factor A ' can be seen.
  • the measurement curve was recorded, for example, according to the procedure described above for adapting the direction-dependent sensitivity and describes the amplitude factors which generate a minimal sensitivity in the directions ⁇ from 0 ° to 360 °.
  • the characteristic curve K A ' essentially reproduces the measurement curve and is stored in the directional microphone system. Alternatively, the characteristic curve K A 'could be calculated from the HRTFs.
  • an optimal static sensitivity distribution (directional characteristic) is determined in a sufficiently fine grid on a head or a head imitation. Accordingly, f * a (f number of frequency bands, a number of angular increments of the raster) are measured for the amplitude and phase response correction, which in the static case minimize the interference signals from the different directions of incidence of the interference signals.
  • the weightings enable optimal suppression of an interference signal source active in the corresponding frequency band ⁇ f and in the corresponding direction of incidence.
  • the weighting values e.g.
  • amplitude factor A, phase factor PH are stored, for example, in the directional microphone system or made available in the form of an angle-dependent characteristic function:
  • any other adaptive amplitude or phase matching algorithms that may be present, as described in the prior art can continue to be operated.
  • the weights i.e. e.g. the static amplitude and phase compensation factors, e.g. static angle dependent Shifts (offsets).
  • the direction comparison will preferably address the adaptive amplitude and connect phase alignment algorithms.
  • a great advantage of the procedure just described is that it is ensured that a noise-suppressing Adaptation of the directional microphone system using optimal, directional characteristics previously optimized statically on the head. In this way, the weights always fit perfectly even when worn to the one to be suppressed Interference signal source. This is much faster as an adaptation limping behind the noise field with the help of an algorithm.
  • micro-microphones M1, ... M5 become a directional microphone system summarized, directional characteristics can also higher orders are generated based on their structure more differentiated distributions of interference signal sources adapted can be.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
EP04005338A 2003-03-25 2004-03-05 Procédé de suppression d'au moins un signal de bruit acoustique et dispositif de mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé Expired - Lifetime EP1473967B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10313330 2003-03-25
DE10313330A DE10313330B4 (de) 2003-03-25 2003-03-25 Verfahren zur Unterdrückung mindestens eines akustischen Störsignals und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

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EP1473967A2 true EP1473967A2 (fr) 2004-11-03
EP1473967A3 EP1473967A3 (fr) 2011-06-08
EP1473967B1 EP1473967B1 (fr) 2012-01-18

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US (1) US6950528B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1473967B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2004201260B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE10313330B4 (fr)
DK (1) DK1473967T3 (fr)

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US6950528B2 (en) 2005-09-27
EP1473967B1 (fr) 2012-01-18
DE10313330B4 (de) 2005-04-14
AU2004201260A1 (en) 2004-10-14
DK1473967T3 (da) 2012-05-14
AU2004201260B2 (en) 2006-06-08
US20040240682A1 (en) 2004-12-02
DE10313330A1 (de) 2004-10-21
EP1473967A3 (fr) 2011-06-08

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