EP1473533B1 - Process and apparatus for continuous drying of material, especially sewage sludge. - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for continuous drying of material, especially sewage sludge. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1473533B1
EP1473533B1 EP04009190.2A EP04009190A EP1473533B1 EP 1473533 B1 EP1473533 B1 EP 1473533B1 EP 04009190 A EP04009190 A EP 04009190A EP 1473533 B1 EP1473533 B1 EP 1473533B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
belt
dryer
dried
distribution screw
mixer
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EP04009190.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1473533A3 (en
EP1473533A2 (en
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Armin Vonplon
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Priority to SI200432256T priority Critical patent/SI1473533T1/en
Priority to PL04009190T priority patent/PL1473533T3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/04—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/18—Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the continuous drying of material, in particular of sewage sludge, with a screen belt on which the material is conveyed in a belt dryer, wherein for applying the goods on the screen belt at the entrance a distribution screw above the belt, in particular wire belt is arranged. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for drying of good, in particular sewage sludge, wherein the good is conveyed on a wire belt through a dryer.
  • Belt dryers have long been used for different applications. The disadvantage here is so far the uneven distribution of the goods on the rotating belt, whereby the material is overdried in places with too small layer thickness and not sufficiently dried at other locations with too high bulk thickness. When drying pasty and / or sticky substances, eg.
  • the sludge is distributed on the belt with a distribution screw.
  • Such an arrangement shows the document EP 0 573 885 A1 , which discloses the preamble of claim 1.
  • the aim of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device with which a uniform distribution of the material to be dried, in particular pasty and / or sticky substances, is ensured on the wire belt of a belt dryer.
  • the invention is therefore characterized in that the distribution screw with a mixer for remixing already dried with good fresh material, in particular wet sludge, is in communication, wherein above the screen belt, a drying hood is arranged, which extends over the entire wire belt including distribution screw.
  • goods to be dried such as wood chips, biomass, cereals, rejects in paper mills, but also household waste or sewage sludge can be relatively evenly distributed over the dryer belt.
  • the air permeability of these pasty and / or sticky substances can be adjusted and it is favored the uniform distribution on the wire belt.
  • An advantageous development of the invention is characterized in that a calibrating roller is arranged above the sieve belt, wherein the calibrating roller can be made height-adjustable. If, in addition, a level sensor is arranged in the area of the distribution screw, an even more uniform distribution for the drying is achieved.
  • the calibrating roller rotates counter to the conveying direction of the screen belt, wherein the rotational speed can be greater than the belt speed.
  • the too large amount of material to be dried is conveyed back into the area of the distribution screw, thus achieving even more even distribution.
  • the mixer is connected to a discharge device for backmixed material of a backmixed silo and the backmixing silo has a discharge device, in particular discharge screw, for the accept, for example granules
  • a particularly cost-effective and operationally safe system can be set up, in which the discharge quantity of the accept, e.g. Granules regulates automatically.
  • a particularly cost-effective variant of a dryer can be realized if the dryer has feed lines which extend along the two sides of the dryer and have openings for the discharge of drying gas.
  • the drying hood can be made in a very lightweight construction and adjusted for optimal sealing against the frame of the dryer.
  • the invention also relates to a process for drying material, in particular sewage sludge, wherein the material is conveyed through a dryer on a sieve belt. It is characterized in that the material is supplied via a distribution screw, wherein the air permeability of the material to be dried is achieved by mixing the fresh product with a partial stream of the already dried end product. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the level is changed by changing the belt speed, with an increase in the level in the distribution screw accelerates the screen belt or at a decrease in the level in the distribution screw, the belt speed can be reduced until the level reaches the set value again Has.
  • the material to be dried which consists of fresh material, in particular wet sludge, and remixed material, in particular granules, and the back-mixed material are quantity-controlled withdrawn from a storage container, in particular back-mixed silo is, wherein the excess dried material, in particular granules, can be deducted as accepts from the reservoir.
  • a storage container in particular back-mixed silo is, wherein the excess dried material, in particular granules, can be deducted as accepts from the reservoir.
  • Fig. 1 a schematic diagram of a belt dryer according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 a diagram of a belt drying plant according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 a longitudinal view
  • Fig. 4 show a transverse view of a dryer according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a diagram of a dryer 1 with a screen belt 2, in which a material 3 to be dried is applied to the screen belt 2 via a distribution screw and subsequently blended through a calibrating roller 5.
  • the screen belt can consist of plastic or metal fabric.
  • a level sensor 6 is arranged, which controls the belt speed, with an increase in the level in the distribution screw, the belt, in particular wire belt accelerates or at a decrease in the level in the distribution screw, the belt speed is reduced until the level again has reached the setpoint.
  • the drying is carried out by means of circulating air line 7 supplied hot air, the example here in a heat exchanger 8 by means of waste heat recovery eg by steam, flue gas or hot water is warmed up.
  • the air can also be heated directly or indirectly by a burner.
  • the coupled out of the air circuit laden with moisture air (vapors) is partially withdrawn via line 9, a condenser / saturator 10 and optionally a biofilter 11 supplied before the exhaust air 12 is discharged to the environment.
  • cooling air 13 Before the dried material 14 exits the dryer, it is advantageously still cooled by cooling air 13. This cooling air can be sucked in by a possibly existing in the dryer vacuum from the environment respectively as exhaust air from the peripheral components.
  • FIG. 1 the same parts are given the same reference numerals as in FIG Fig. 1 ,
  • the heating in the heat exchanger 8 is carried out by the flue gases of a burner 15.
  • the dried material for example granules, is fed by means of a screw conveyor 14 'and a conveying element 14 "to a back-mixing silo 16, from where the accept or final product 17 is discharged. Wet sludge from a storage container 20.
  • the mixer can, as shown here consist of a delivery zone 19 'and an actual mixing zone 19 "and leads the mixed Good 3 of the distribution screw 6 to.
  • the product discharge of the dried product from the dryer 1 takes place in the silo 16.
  • the excess end product is discharged via a discharge screw 21 arranged in the upper region of the silo 16 and then different process steps, such as stacking in the silo, packaging in big bags, incineration or the like. fed.
  • This arrangement represents a particularly cost-effective and reliable variant, since the discharge rate is controlled automatically. The more dried material is produced, the more good will be delivered. If less good, then nothing will be as long discharged until the level of the discharge screw 21 is reached again. This also ensures that there is always enough material for backmixing.
  • Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal view of the dryer 1 in the background of the mixer 19 and the silos 16 and 20 can be seen.
  • Fig. 4 is a transverse view of a dryer 1 according to the invention to see. Here you can also see the Nassgutsilo 20 and the mixer 19 and the air supply line 7, including heat exchanger 8 and burner 15. Furthermore, the dryer hood 23 can be seen above the belt 2 in this view.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Trocknen von Gut, insbesondere von Klärschlamm, mit einem Siebband auf dem das Gut gefördert wird in einem Bandtrockner, wobei zum Aufbringen des Gutes auf das Siebband am Eintritt eine Verteilschnecke über dem Band, insbesondere Siebband angeordnet ist. Weiters betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von Gut, insbesondere Klärschlamm, wobei das Gut auf einem Siebband durch einen Trockner gefördert wird. Bandtrockner werden seit langem für unterschiedliche Anwendungzwecke eingesetzt. Nachteilig ist hier bisher die ungleichmäßige Verteilung des Gutes auf das umlaufende Siebband, wodurch das Gut an Stellen mit zu geringer Schichtdicke übertrocknet und an anderen Stellen mit zu hoher Schüttdicke nicht ausreichend getrocknet wird. Bei Trocknung von pastösen und/oder klebrigen Substanzen, z. B. Klärschlamm, müssen diese vor einem gleichmäßigen Aufbringen auf das Siebband in Partikel von möglichst konstanten Abmessungen geformt werden. Dies erfolgt in Anlagen für Klärschlämme nach dem Stand der Technik dadurch, dass man diese Substanzen mit hohem Druck durch Matrizen presst. In der Praxis hat es sich gezeigt dass diese Matrizen durch Fremdkörper im zu trocknenden Produkt zur Verstopfung neigen, was sich sehr nachteilig auf die gleichmäßige Trocknung auswirkt. Weiterhin muss der Trockner teilweise einmal pro Schicht zur Reinigung dieser Matrizen stillgelegt werden. Eine Anlage dieser Art ist in der WO 92/00250 beschrieben. Auch aus der EP 0 781 741 B1 oder EP 0 889 014 B1 und DE 42 05 619 A1 sind derartige Anlagen bekannt. Zusätzlich sind diese Systeme sehr empfindlich in Bezug auf Änderungen in den Schlammeigenschaften.The invention relates to a device for the continuous drying of material, in particular of sewage sludge, with a screen belt on which the material is conveyed in a belt dryer, wherein for applying the goods on the screen belt at the entrance a distribution screw above the belt, in particular wire belt is arranged. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for drying of good, in particular sewage sludge, wherein the good is conveyed on a wire belt through a dryer. Belt dryers have long been used for different applications. The disadvantage here is so far the uneven distribution of the goods on the rotating belt, whereby the material is overdried in places with too small layer thickness and not sufficiently dried at other locations with too high bulk thickness. When drying pasty and / or sticky substances, eg. As sewage sludge, they must be formed before uniform application to the wire belt in particles of the most constant dimensions possible. This is done in plants for sewage sludge according to the prior art, by pressing these substances at high pressure through dies. In practice, it has been shown that these matrices tend to be blocked by foreign bodies in the product to be dried, which has a very adverse effect on the uniform drying. Furthermore, the dryer sometimes has to be shut down once per shift to clean these matrices. A plant of this kind is in the WO 92/00250 described. Also from the EP 0 781 741 B1 or EP 0 889 014 B1 and DE 42 05 619 A1 Such systems are known. In addition, these systems are very sensitive to changes in mud characteristics.

Alternativ wird der Schlamm mit einer Verteilschnecke auf dem Band verteilt. Eine derartige Anordnung zeigt die Druckschrift EP 0 573 885 A1 , welche den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 offenbart.Alternatively, the sludge is distributed on the belt with a distribution screw. Such an arrangement shows the document EP 0 573 885 A1 , which discloses the preamble of claim 1.

Ziel der Erfindung ist es daher ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, mit der eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des zu trocknenden Gutes, insbesondere pastöse und/oder klebrige Substanzen, auf das Siebband eines Bandtrockners gewährleistet wird.The aim of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device with which a uniform distribution of the material to be dried, in particular pasty and / or sticky substances, is ensured on the wire belt of a belt dryer.

Die Erfindung ist daher dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verteilschnecke mit einem Mischer zur Rückmischung von bereits getrocknetem Gut mit frischem Gut , insbesondere Nassschlamm, in Verbindung steht, wobei über dem Siebband eine Trockenhaube angeordnet ist, die sich über das gesamte Siebband inklusive Verteilschnecke erstreckt. Durch diese Ausführung können zu trocknende Güter, wie z.B. Holzschnitzel, Biomasse, Getreide, Rejekte in Papierfabriken, aber auch Hausmüll oder Klärschlamm relativ gleichmäßig über das Siebband des Trockners verteilen. Durch eine Rückmischung von bereits getrocknetem Gut mit frischem Gut, beispielsweise Nassschlamm, kann die Luftdurchlässigkeit dieser pastösen und/oder klebrigen Substanzen eingestellt werden und es wird die gleichmäßige Verteilung auf dem Siebband begünstigt.The invention is therefore characterized in that the distribution screw with a mixer for remixing already dried with good fresh material, in particular wet sludge, is in communication, wherein above the screen belt, a drying hood is arranged, which extends over the entire wire belt including distribution screw. Through this design, goods to be dried, such as wood chips, biomass, cereals, rejects in paper mills, but also household waste or sewage sludge can be relatively evenly distributed over the dryer belt. By a back mixing of already dried material with fresh material, such as wet sludge, the air permeability of these pasty and / or sticky substances can be adjusted and it is favored the uniform distribution on the wire belt.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Kalibrierwalze über dem Siebband angeordnet ist, wobei die Kalibrierwalze höhenverstellbar ausgeführt sein kann. Wenn zusätzlich im Bereich der Verteilschnecke ein Niveausensor angeordnet ist, wird eine noch gleichmäßigere Verteilung für die Trocknung erreicht.An advantageous development of the invention is characterized in that a calibrating roller is arranged above the sieve belt, wherein the calibrating roller can be made height-adjustable. If, in addition, a level sensor is arranged in the area of the distribution screw, an even more uniform distribution for the drying is achieved.

Vorteilhaft hat sich erwiesen, wenn die Kalibrierwalze entgegen der Förderrichtung des Siebbandes rotiert, wobei die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit größer, als die Bandgeschwindigkeit sein kann. Damit wird die zu große Menge an zu trocknendem Gut wieder zurück in den Bereich der Verteilschnecke gefördert und somit eine noch gleichmäßigere Verteilung erzielt.It has proven to be advantageous if the calibrating roller rotates counter to the conveying direction of the screen belt, wherein the rotational speed can be greater than the belt speed. Thus, the too large amount of material to be dried is conveyed back into the area of the distribution screw, thus achieving even more even distribution.

Wird der Mischer mit einer Austragsvorrichtung für Rückmischgut eines Rückmischsilos verbunden und weist der Rückmischsilo eine Austragsvorrichtung, insbesondere Austragsschnecke, für den Gutstoff, beispielsweise Granulat, auf, kann eine besonders kostengünstige und betriebsichere Anlage errichtet werden, bei der sich die Austragsmenge des Gutstoffs, z.B. Granulat selbsttätig regelt.If the mixer is connected to a discharge device for backmixed material of a backmixed silo and the backmixing silo has a discharge device, in particular discharge screw, for the accept, for example granules, a particularly cost-effective and operationally safe system can be set up, in which the discharge quantity of the accept, e.g. Granules regulates automatically.

Eine besonders kostengünstige Variante eines Trockners lässt sich realisieren, wenn der Trockner Zuführleitungen aufweist, die sich entlang der beiden Seiten des Trockners erstrecken und Öffnungen für den Austritt von Trocknungsgas aufweisen.A particularly cost-effective variant of a dryer can be realized if the dryer has feed lines which extend along the two sides of the dryer and have openings for the discharge of drying gas.

Sind die Zuführleitungen mittels einstellbarer Zugstangen miteinander verbunden, kann die Trockenhaube in sehr leichter Bauweise ausgeführt und für eine optimale Abdichtung gegenüber dem Gerüst des Trockners eingestellt werden.If the supply lines are connected to each other by means of adjustable tie rods, the drying hood can be made in a very lightweight construction and adjusted for optimal sealing against the frame of the dryer.

Bei Trocknern mit großer Durchsatzleitung ergibt sich eine kostengünstige Bauart durch die Ausführung des Trocknerunterteiles oder des gesamten Trocknergehäuses In Beton.For dryers with a large flow rate, a cost-effective design results from the design of the dryer base or the entire dryer housing In concrete.

Zur Entlastung der Umwelt durch Kondensation der Brüden oder Nachbehandlung in einem Biofilter hat es sich als vorteilhaft gezeigt, wenn unterhalb des Siebbandes Verteileinrichtungen, insbesondere Spritzrohre vorgesehen sind.To relieve the environment by condensation of the vapors or aftertreatment in a biofilter, it has proved to be advantageous if below the screen belt distribution devices, in particular spray tubes are provided.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Trocknen von Gut, insbesondere Klärschlamm, wobei das Gut auf einem Siebband durch einen Trockner gefördert wird. Sie ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gut über eine Verteilschnecke zugeführt wird, wobei die Luftdurchlässigkeit des zu trocknenden Gutes durch die Mischung des Frischproduktes mit einem Teilstrom des bereits getrockneten Endproduktes erreicht wird. Weiters ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Niveau durch Änderung der Bandgeschwindigkeit verändert wird, wobei bei einem Ansteigen des Niveaus in der Verteilschnecke das Siebband beschleunigt bzw. bei einem Absinken des Niveaus in der Verteilschnecke die Bandgeschwindlgkelt verringert werden kann, bis das Niveau wieder den Sollwert erreicht hat. Bei pastösen und/oder klebrigen zu trocknenden Substanzen ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das zu trocknende Gut, das aus frischem Gut, insbesondere Nassschlamm, und rückgemischtem Gut, insbesondere Granulat, besteht, und das rückgemischte Gut mengengeregelt aus einem Vorratsbehälter, insbesondere Rückmischsilo, abgezogen wird, wobei das überschüssige getrocknete Gut, insbesondere Granulat, als Gutstoff aus dem Vorratsbehälter abgezogen werden kann. Damit kann eine selbsttätige Regelung der Austragsmenge des Gutstoffes besonders betriebssicher erreicht werden.The invention also relates to a process for drying material, in particular sewage sludge, wherein the material is conveyed through a dryer on a sieve belt. It is characterized in that the material is supplied via a distribution screw, wherein the air permeability of the material to be dried is achieved by mixing the fresh product with a partial stream of the already dried end product. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the level is changed by changing the belt speed, with an increase in the level in the distribution screw accelerates the screen belt or at a decrease in the level in the distribution screw, the belt speed can be reduced until the level reaches the set value again Has. In the case of pasty and / or sticky substances to be dried, it is particularly advantageous if the material to be dried, which consists of fresh material, in particular wet sludge, and remixed material, in particular granules, and the back-mixed material are quantity-controlled withdrawn from a storage container, in particular back-mixed silo is, wherein the excess dried material, in particular granules, can be deducted as accepts from the reservoir. Thus, an automatic control of the discharge of the accepts can be achieved particularly reliable.

Zur Entlastung der Umwelt ist es vorteilhaft, wenn unterhalb des Siebbandes im Trockner Wasser eingesprüht wird und die Brüden kondensiert resp. gesättigt werden.To relieve the environment, it is advantageous if water is sprayed below the screen belt in the dryer and condenses the vapors resp. be saturated.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Zeichnungen beispielhaft beschrieben, wobei Fig. 1 ein Prinzipschema eines erfindungsgemäßen Bandtrockners, Fig. 2 ein Schema einer erfindungsgemäßen Bandtrocknungsanlage, Fig. 3 eine Längsansicht und Fig. 4 eine Queransicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Trockners zeigen.The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 a schematic diagram of a belt dryer according to the invention, Fig. 2 a diagram of a belt drying plant according to the invention, Fig. 3 a longitudinal view and Fig. 4 show a transverse view of a dryer according to the invention.

Fig. 1 stellt ein Schema eines Trockners 1 mit einem Siebband 2 dar, bei dem ein zu trocknendes Gut 3 über eine Verteilschnecke auf das Siebband 2 aufgetragen und anschließend durch eine Kalibrierwalze 5 verglelchmässlgt wird. Das Siebband kann dabei aus Kunststoff- oder Metallgewebe bestehen. Im Bereich der Verteilschnecke 4 ist ein Niveausensor 6 angeordnet, der die Bandgeschwindigkeit steuert, wobei bei einem Ansteigen des Niveaus in der Verteilschnecke das Band, insbesondere Siebband beschleunigt bzw. bei einem Absinken des Niveaus in der Verteilschnecke die Bandgeschwindigkeit verringert wird, bis das Niveau wieder den Sollwert erreicht hat. Durch das Zurückwerfen des Gutes durch die Kalibrierwalze 5 wird einerseits nach der Kalibrierwalze eine gleichmäßige Verteilung erreicht, andererseits wird bei höherer Zufuhrmenge, diese in den Bereich des Sensors geführt, wodurch die Regelung der Bandgeschwindigkeit rasch anspricht. Fig. 1 FIG. 2 illustrates a diagram of a dryer 1 with a screen belt 2, in which a material 3 to be dried is applied to the screen belt 2 via a distribution screw and subsequently blended through a calibrating roller 5. The screen belt can consist of plastic or metal fabric. In the region of the distribution screw 4, a level sensor 6 is arranged, which controls the belt speed, with an increase in the level in the distribution screw, the belt, in particular wire belt accelerates or at a decrease in the level in the distribution screw, the belt speed is reduced until the level again has reached the setpoint. By throwing back the goods through the calibration roller 5 on the one hand after the sizing a uniform distribution is achieved, on the other hand, at higher supply amount, this led into the range of the sensor, whereby the regulation of the belt speed responds quickly.

Die Trocknung erfolgt durch über Umluftleitung 7 zugeführte heiße Luft, die hier beispielhaft in einem Wärmetauscher 8 mittels Abwärmenutzung z.B. durch Dampf, Rauchgas oder Heißwasser aufgewärmt wird. Die Luft kann dabei auch direkt oder indirekt durch einen Brenner aufgeheizt werden. Die aus dem Luftkreislauf ausgekoppelte mit Feuchtigkeit beladene Luft (Brüden) wird teilweise über Leitung 9 abgezogen, einem Kondensator/Sättiger 10 und gegebenenfalls einem Biofilter 11 zugeführt, bevor die Abluft 12 an die Umgebung abgegeben wird. Bevor das getrocknete Gut 14 aus dem Trockner austritt wird es vorteilhafterweise noch durch Kühlluft 13 abgekühlt. Diese Kühlluft kann durch einen allenfalls im Trockner vorhandenen Unterdruck aus der Umgebung respektive als Absaugluft aus den Peripheriekomponenten angesaugt werden.
In Fig. 2 sind dieselben Teile mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen wie in Fig. 1. Zusätzlich ist hier die Möglichkeit der Heißluftzufuhr in zwei oder mehrere Heizzonen durch Leitung 7 und 7' dargestellt. Die Aufwärmung im Wärmetauscher 8 erfolgt durch die Rauchgase eines Brenners 15. Daneben gibt es die Möglichkeit der Aufwärmung auch z.B. durch Heißwasser, Dampf oder ein Thermalöl.
Das getrocknete Gut, beispielsweise Granulat wird mittels einer Förderschnecke 14' und einem Förderelement 14" einem Rückmischsilo 16 zugeführt, von wo der Gutstoff bzw. das Endprodukt 17 abgeführt wird. Das Rückmischprodukt wird mittels der Dosierschnecken 18 dem Mischer 19 zugeführt und mit Frischgut bzw. Nassschlamm aus einem Vorlagebehälter 20 vermischt. Der Mischer kann, wie hier dargestellt aus einer Förderzone 19' und einer eigentlichen Mischzone 19" bestehen und führt das vermischte Gut 3 der Verteilschnecke 6 zu. Die Produktabgabe des getrockneten Produktes vom Trockner 1 erfolgt in den Silo 16. Das überschüssige Endprodukt wird über eine im oberen Bereich des Silos 16 angeordnete Austragsschnecke 21 ausgetragen und dann unterschiedlichen Prozessschritten, wie z.B. Stapelung im Silo, Verpackung in Big Bags, Verbrennung oder dgl. zugeführt. Diese Anordnung stellt eine besonders kostengünstige und betriebssichere Variante dar, da die Austragsmenge sich selbsttätig regelt. Je mehr getrocknetes Gut anfällt, desto mehr Gut wird ausgetragen. Fällt weniger Gut an, so wird solange nichts ausgetragen, bis wieder das Niveau der Austragsschnecke 21 erreicht ist. So ist auch gewährleistet, dass immer ausreichend Material für die Rückmischung vorhanden ist. Wird das Volumen entsprechend gewählt, ist auch bei einem Abstellen der Anlage ausreichend Material für das Wiederanfahren vorhanden. Weiters sollte auch genügend Raum sein, um beim Abfahren der Anlage den Trockner vollständig zu entleeren. Weiters sind die Spritzrohre 22 erkennbar, mittels deren Wasser zur Kondensation resp. Sättigung der Brüden eingesprüht wird.
Fig. 3 zeigt eine Längsansicht des Trockners 1 bei dem im Hintergrund der Mischer 19 sowie die Silos 16 und 20 erkennbar sind.
In Fig. 4 ist eine Queransicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Trockners 1 zu sehen. Hier erkennt man ebenfalls das Nassgutsilo 20 und den Mischer 19 sowie die Luftzufuhrleitung 7 samt Wärmetauscher 8 und Brenner 15. Weiters ist in dieser Ansicht die Trockenhaube 23 über dem Band 2 zu erkennen.The drying is carried out by means of circulating air line 7 supplied hot air, the example here in a heat exchanger 8 by means of waste heat recovery eg by steam, flue gas or hot water is warmed up. The air can also be heated directly or indirectly by a burner. The coupled out of the air circuit laden with moisture air (vapors) is partially withdrawn via line 9, a condenser / saturator 10 and optionally a biofilter 11 supplied before the exhaust air 12 is discharged to the environment. Before the dried material 14 exits the dryer, it is advantageously still cooled by cooling air 13. This cooling air can be sucked in by a possibly existing in the dryer vacuum from the environment respectively as exhaust air from the peripheral components.
In Fig. 2 the same parts are given the same reference numerals as in FIG Fig. 1 , In addition, the possibility of hot air supply in two or more heating zones through line 7 and 7 'is shown here. The heating in the heat exchanger 8 is carried out by the flue gases of a burner 15. In addition, there is the possibility of heating, for example by hot water, steam or a thermal oil.
The dried material, for example granules, is fed by means of a screw conveyor 14 'and a conveying element 14 "to a back-mixing silo 16, from where the accept or final product 17 is discharged. Wet sludge from a storage container 20. The mixer can, as shown here consist of a delivery zone 19 'and an actual mixing zone 19 "and leads the mixed Good 3 of the distribution screw 6 to. The product discharge of the dried product from the dryer 1 takes place in the silo 16. The excess end product is discharged via a discharge screw 21 arranged in the upper region of the silo 16 and then different process steps, such as stacking in the silo, packaging in big bags, incineration or the like. fed. This arrangement represents a particularly cost-effective and reliable variant, since the discharge rate is controlled automatically. The more dried material is produced, the more good will be delivered. If less good, then nothing will be as long discharged until the level of the discharge screw 21 is reached again. This also ensures that there is always enough material for backmixing. If the volume is selected accordingly, sufficient material will be available for restarting even if the system is switched off. Furthermore, there should also be enough space to completely empty the dryer when shutting down the system. Furthermore, the spray pipes 22 can be seen, by means of which water for condensation respectively. Saturation of the vapors is sprayed.
Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal view of the dryer 1 in the background of the mixer 19 and the silos 16 and 20 can be seen.
In Fig. 4 is a transverse view of a dryer 1 according to the invention to see. Here you can also see the Nassgutsilo 20 and the mixer 19 and the air supply line 7, including heat exchanger 8 and burner 15. Furthermore, the dryer hood 23 can be seen above the belt 2 in this view.

Claims (20)

  1. Device for continuous drying of material, particularly sewage sludge, which has a belt (2) on which the material is conveyed inside a belt dryer, where a distribution screw (4) is mounted above the belt (2) in order to feed the material onto the belt (2) at the inlet, characterised by the distribution screw (4) being connected to a mixer (19) for mixing product that has already been dried into the fresh material, particularly wet sludge, in order to achieve air permeability in the material to be dried, where a dryer hood (23) is mounted above the belt (2) and extends over the entire belt (2) including the distribution screw (4)
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterised by the mixer (19) being a plough blade mixer, a double shaft mixer, or a paddle mixer.
  3. Device according to Claim 2, characterised by the mixer (19) being connected to a discharge device (18) for backfeed material from a backfeed silo (16) and by the backfeed silo (16) having a discharge device (21), particularly a discharge screw, for the accept material, for example granulate.
  4. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised by a level sensor (6) being mounted near the distribution screw (4).
  5. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised by a calibrating roll (5) being mounted in addition above the belt (2).
  6. Device according to Claim 5, characterised by the calibrating roll (5) being height-adjustable.
  7. Device according to Claim 5 or 6, characterised by the calibrating roll (5) rotating in the opposite direction to the conveying direction of the belt (2).
  8. Device according to Claim 7, characterised by the rotation speed being higher than the belt speed.
  9. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised by the entire dryer housing or parts thereof being made of concrete.
  10. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised by the dryer (1) having feed ducts (7, 7') that run along both sides of the dryer (1) and openings for the drying gas to escape.
  11. Device according to Claim 10, characterised by the feed ducts (7, 7') being connected to one another by means of adjustable tie rods.
  12. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised by distribution devices (22), particularly showers for condensation and saturation of exhaust vapour, respectively, being provided under the belt (2).
  13. Process for drying material, particularly sewage sludge, where the material is conveyed on a belt through a dryer with a device according to one of claims 1 to 12, where the material is fed in using a distribution screw, and where the air permeability of the material to be dried is obtained by mixing the fresh product with a partial flow of the product already dried.
  14. Process according to Claim 13, characterised by the level in the distribution screw being changed by changing the belt speed.
  15. Process according to Claim 14, characterised by the belt accelerating when the level in the distribution screw rises, until the level has returned to the set value.
  16. Process according to Claim 14 or 15, characterised by the belt slowing down if the level in the distribution screw drops, until the level has returned to the set value.
  17. Process according to one of Claims 14 to 16, characterised by the material to be dried being returned to the vicinity of the distribution screw by the calibrating roll.
  18. Process according to one of Claims 13 to 17, characterised by the material to be dried, consisting of fresh material, particularly wet sludge, and backfed material, particularly granulate, and the backfed material being taken in controlled quantities from a storage container, particular a backfeed silo.
  19. Process according to Claim 18, characterised by the excess dried material, particularly granulate, being taken from the storage container as accept material.
  20. Process according to one of Claims 13 to 19, characterised by water being sprayed in the dryer below the belt and the exhaust vapour being condensed and saturated, respectively.
EP04009190.2A 2003-04-30 2004-04-19 Process and apparatus for continuous drying of material, especially sewage sludge. Expired - Lifetime EP1473533B1 (en)

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SI200432256T SI1473533T1 (en) 2003-04-30 2004-04-19 Process and apparatus for continuous drying of material, especially sewage sludge.
PL04009190T PL1473533T3 (en) 2003-04-30 2004-04-19 Process and apparatus for continuous drying of material, especially sewage sludge.

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AT6602003 2003-04-30
AT0066003A AT412277B (en) 2003-04-30 2003-04-30 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS DRYING OF GOOD, ESPECIALLY WASTE SLUDGE

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EP1473533A2 EP1473533A2 (en) 2004-11-03
EP1473533A3 EP1473533A3 (en) 2008-05-14
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HUE027613T2 (en) 2016-10-28
AT412277B (en) 2004-12-27
ES2545902T3 (en) 2015-09-16
SI1473533T1 (en) 2015-09-30
US7028414B2 (en) 2006-04-18
PL1473533T3 (en) 2015-11-30
EP1473533A3 (en) 2008-05-14
US20050241173A1 (en) 2005-11-03
EP1473533A2 (en) 2004-11-03
ATA6602003A (en) 2004-05-15

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