EP1472451A1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve

Info

Publication number
EP1472451A1
EP1472451A1 EP02792621A EP02792621A EP1472451A1 EP 1472451 A1 EP1472451 A1 EP 1472451A1 EP 02792621 A EP02792621 A EP 02792621A EP 02792621 A EP02792621 A EP 02792621A EP 1472451 A1 EP1472451 A1 EP 1472451A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
injection valve
cover
compensating element
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02792621A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1472451B1 (en
Inventor
Ferdinand Reiter
Martin Maier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1472451A1 publication Critical patent/EP1472451A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1472451B1 publication Critical patent/EP1472451B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9084—Rheological fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a displacement transformer for a piezoelectric actuator in which the actuator transmits a lifting force to a master cylinder, which is completed by a cylinder carrier.
  • a slave piston is guided in this master cylinder, which also closes the master cylinder and thereby forms the hydraulic chamber.
  • a spring is arranged in the hydraulic chamber, which presses the master cylinder and the slave piston apart.
  • the slave piston mechanically transmits a stroke movement to, for example, a valve needle.
  • the actuator transmits a stroke movement to the master cylinder
  • this stroke movement is transmitted to the slave piston by the pressure of a hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic chamber, since the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic chamber cannot be compressed and only a very small proportion of the hydraulic fluid can pass through the annular gap during the short Period of a stroke can escape.
  • the spring pushes the slave piston out of the cylinder and the resulting one Vacuum penetrates the hydraulic fluid through the annular gap into the hydraulic space and fills it up again.
  • the displacement transformer automatically adjusts to the length and pressure-related expansions of a fuel injection valve.
  • a disadvantage of the coupler arrangement known from EP 0 477 400 AI is in particular the high cost due to the requirement for high manufacturing accuracy of the components. Furthermore, the coupler medium escapes from the coupler gap in the case of closely successive opening pulses and, due to the small width of the leakage gap, cannot flow in quickly enough, so that the switching dynamics of fuel injection valves with hydraulic couplers is limited.
  • DE 197 35 232 A1 discloses the use of electrorheological fluid in a fuel injection valve, which has a damping element connected to the valve needle of the fuel injection valve for modeling the injection process or the amount of fuel injected, which damping element excites or de-excites the electromagnet a flow of electrorheological fluid in a steaming chamber via a capacitive component causes the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid can be changed by means of the capacitive component by means of an electronic control unit depending on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine such that the course of movement of the damping element takes place in such a way that the ber the sprayed sprayed fuel takes a desired jet shape or is sprayed temporally in the desired manner.
  • the use of the rheological fluid for a compensating element f r piezoelectric actuators or magnecost ⁇ ktive is not described there
  • the fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that a closed, filled with a rheological fluid compensation element is arranged downstream of the piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, which on the one hand compensates for the slow thermal expansion of the different components of a fuel injector and on the other hand fast switching movements of the Actuator transmits as an opening impulse to the valve needle.
  • the compensating element is advantageously formed from a pot and a lid, the pot being rigid and the lid being flexible.
  • the lid is provided with beads that improve the elastic deformability of the lid.
  • the pot of the compensating element is easy to manufacture by deep drawing. After filling, the lid can be hermetically connected to the pot, so that the filled compensating element can be assembled in a simple manner as an overall component in the fuel injector.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through an embodiment of a fuel injector designed according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the fuel injection valve according to the invention in the area II m
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through an embodiment of a fuel injector designed according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the fuel injection valve according to the invention in the area II m
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through an embodiment of a fuel injector designed according to the invention
  • FIG. 1 of a fuel injection valve 1 is designed in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, externally ignited internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel fine injection valve 1 is particularly suitable for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine
  • the fuel fine injection valve 1 comprises an actuator 2, which is constructed, for example, from piezoelectric layers 3.
  • the actuator 2 is encapsulated in a housing 4, on which the actuator 2 is supported at the end
  • an actuating element 5 is arranged, which is designed in the form of a stamp and rests on a compensating element 6
  • a valve needle 7 Downstream of the compensating element 6, a valve needle 7 is arranged, with which a support disk 8 is non-positively connected Between the support disk 8 and a housing shoulder 9, a return spring 10 is arranged, which acts on the valve needle 7 so that the valve closing body 11 m connected to the valve needle 7 sealing system is held on a valve seat surface 12, which is formed on a valve seat body 17 integrated in the exemplary embodiment with the housing 4 of the fuel injection valve 1.
  • valve needle 7 m operatively connected valve closing body 11 lifts off the valve seat surface 12, whereby fuel m is injected into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, which is not shown in detail
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged, schematic view of the detail designated II in the region of the compensating element 6
  • the compensating element 6 has the task of compensating slow changes in length due to thermal influences, in particular of the actuator 2, so that the valve closing body 11 should not lift off the valve seat surface 12 due to the slow thermal expansion of the actuator 2. Fast changes in length of the actuator 2 by energizing to switch the fuel injection valve 1 are intended on the other hand, are transferred to the valve needle 7
  • the compensating element 6 is constructed from a bowl-shaped pot 13, which can be produced, for example, by deep drawing, and a lid 1, which closes the pot 13 and can be connected to it by a circumferential weld seam the stamp-shaped actuating element 5, while the valve needle 7 rests on the cover 14.
  • the Pot 13 is filled prior to sealing with a rheological fluid 15 before the cover '14 fitted and the pot 13 is closed hermetically.
  • the thickness of the material of the pot 13 is preferably chosen so that the pot 13 is rigid, while the material of the lid 14 is chosen to be thinner and thus more flexible.
  • beads 16 can be provided, which are attached to the lid 14, for example in a ring. Due to the flexibility of the cover 14, it is possible that this is reversibly elastically deformed when various components of the fuel injector 1 heat up due to the thermal load during operation of the internal combustion engine and thereby experience a change in length.
  • the enclosed rheological fluid 15 'behaves like a fluid at a slow rate of stress, i. H. the cover 14 is pressed into the pot 13 by the opposing forces of the expanding actuator 2 and the return spring 10, so that the fuel injector 1 remains closed despite the thermal change in length.
  • the rheological fluid 15 behaves like a solid at high actuation speed, that is to say when the actuator 2 is energized to open the fuel injector 1, so that the compensating element 6 reacts stiffly and transmits the stroke of the actuator 2 to the valve needle 7.
  • Such an arrangement has the main advantage that the compensating element 6 is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the compensating element 6 also has the advantage over a hydraulic coupler that the range of functions of the piezoelectric actuator 2 is not restricted. While in a hydraulic coupler the coupler medium escapes between the pistons in the case of two rapidly successive pulses and the time for backflow is too short, the compensating element 6 with the rheological fluid 15 can React successively opening impulses as quickly as possible.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown and z. B. also suitable for magneto-st ⁇ active actuators 2 and for any other construction of fuel injection valves 1.

Abstract

Disclosed is a fuel injection valve (1) for directly injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of a mixture-compressing, externally ignited combustion engine. The inventive fuel injection valve (1) comprises a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator (2) and a valve needle (7) interacting with the actuator (2) via a compensating element (6). A valve closing body (11) interacting with a valve seat (12) to form a sealing seat is configured at the valve needle (7). The compensating element (6) is filled with a rheological fluid (15).

Description

Brennstoffeinspritzventil Fuel injector
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffemspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
Aus der EP 0 477 400 AI ist ein Wegtransformator für einen piezoelektrischen Aktor bekannt, bei der der Aktor eine Hubkraft auf einen Geberzylinder übertragt, der durch einen Zylmdertrager abgeschlossen ist. In diesem Geberzylinder wird ein Nehmerkolben gefuhrt, der den Geberzylinder ebenfalls abschließt und hierdurch die Hyαraulikkammer bildet. In der Hydraulikkammer ist eine Feder angeordnet, die den Geberzylinder und den Nehmerkolben auseinander druckt. Der Nehmerkolben übertragt eine Hubbewegung mechanisch auf beispielsweise eine Ventilnadel. Wenn der Aktor auf den Geberzylinder einen Hubbewegung übertragt, wird diese Hubbewegung durch den Druck eines Hydraulikfluids m der Hydraulikkammer auf den Nehmerkolben übertragen, da das Hydraulikfluid m der Hydraulikkammer sich nicht zusammenpressen laßt und nur ein ganz geringer Anteil des Hydraulikfluids durch den Ringspalt wahrend des kurzen Zeitraumes eines Hubes entweichen kann. In der Ruhephase, wenn der Aktor keine Druckkraft auf den Geberzylinder ausübt, wird durch die Feder der Nehmerkolben aus dem Zylinder herausgedruckt und durch den en-tstehenden Unterdruck dringt über den Ringspalt das Hydraulikfluid m den Hydraulikraum ein und füllt diesen wieder auf. Dadurch stellt: der Wegtransformator sich automatisch auf Langenausdehnungen und druckbedingte Dehnungen eines Brennstoffemspritzventils ein.From EP 0 477 400 AI a displacement transformer for a piezoelectric actuator is known, in which the actuator transmits a lifting force to a master cylinder, which is completed by a cylinder carrier. A slave piston is guided in this master cylinder, which also closes the master cylinder and thereby forms the hydraulic chamber. A spring is arranged in the hydraulic chamber, which presses the master cylinder and the slave piston apart. The slave piston mechanically transmits a stroke movement to, for example, a valve needle. If the actuator transmits a stroke movement to the master cylinder, this stroke movement is transmitted to the slave piston by the pressure of a hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic chamber, since the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic chamber cannot be compressed and only a very small proportion of the hydraulic fluid can pass through the annular gap during the short Period of a stroke can escape. In the idle phase, when the actuator does not exert any pressure on the master cylinder, the spring pushes the slave piston out of the cylinder and the resulting one Vacuum penetrates the hydraulic fluid through the annular gap into the hydraulic space and fills it up again. As a result, the displacement transformer automatically adjusts to the length and pressure-related expansions of a fuel injection valve.
Nachteilig an der aus der EP 0 477 400 AI bekannten Koppleranordnung ist insbesondere der hohe Kostenaufwand bedingt durch die Forderung nach hoher Fertigungsgenauigkeit der Bauteile. Weiterhin entweicht bei eng aufeinanderfolgenden Offnungsimpulsen das Kopplermedium aus dem Kopplerspalt und kann bedingt durch die geringe Weite der Leckagespalte nicht schnell genug nachstromen, so daß die Schaltdynamik von Brennstoffemspritzvent llen mit hydraulischen Kopplern begrenzt ist.A disadvantage of the coupler arrangement known from EP 0 477 400 AI is in particular the high cost due to the requirement for high manufacturing accuracy of the components. Furthermore, the coupler medium escapes from the coupler gap in the case of closely successive opening pulses and, due to the small width of the leakage gap, cannot flow in quickly enough, so that the switching dynamics of fuel injection valves with hydraulic couplers is limited.
Zwar ist aus der DE 197 35 232 AI die Verwendung von elektrorheologischer Flüssigkeit m einem Brennstoff- emspritzventil bekannt, welches zur Modellierung des Einspri zverlaufs bzw. der eingespritzten Brennstoffmenge ein mit der Ventilnadel des Brennstoffemspritzventils verbundenes Dampfungselement aufweist, welches bei einer Erregung oder Entregung des Elektromagneten eine Strömung von elektrorheologischer Flüssigkeit m einem Dampfungsraum über ein kapazitives Bauteil bewirkt Dabei kann mittels eines elektronischen Steuergeräts m Abhängigkeit von Betnebskenngroßen der Brennkraftmaschine die Viskosität der elektrorheolog schen Flüssigkeit mittels des kapazitiven Bauteils derart geändert werden, daß der Bewegungsverlauf des Dampfungselements derart erfolgt, daß der ber die Abspritzoffnung abgespritzte Brennstoff eine gewünschte Strahl form einnimmt bzw. m gewünschter Weise zeitlich abgespritzt wird Die Verwendung der rheologischen Flüssigkeit für ein Ausgleichselement für piezoelektrische oder magnecostπktive Aktoren ist dort aber nicht beschriebenDE 197 35 232 A1 discloses the use of electrorheological fluid in a fuel injection valve, which has a damping element connected to the valve needle of the fuel injection valve for modeling the injection process or the amount of fuel injected, which damping element excites or de-excites the electromagnet a flow of electrorheological fluid in a steaming chamber via a capacitive component causes the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid can be changed by means of the capacitive component by means of an electronic control unit depending on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine such that the course of movement of the damping element takes place in such a way that the ber the sprayed sprayed fuel takes a desired jet shape or is sprayed temporally in the desired manner. The use of the rheological fluid for a compensating element f r piezoelectric actuators or magnecostπktive is not described there
Vorteile der Erfindung Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß ein abgeschlossenes, mit einer rheologischen Flüssigkeit gefülltes Ausgleichselement abströmseitig des piezoelektrischen oder magnetostriktiven Aktors angeordnet ist, welches einerseits die langsame thermische Ausdehnung der unterschiedlichen Bauteile eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils ausgleicht und andererseits schnelle Schaltbewegungen des Aktors als Öffnungsimpuls auf die Ventilnadel überträgt.Advantages of the invention The fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that a closed, filled with a rheological fluid compensation element is arranged downstream of the piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, which on the one hand compensates for the slow thermal expansion of the different components of a fuel injector and on the other hand fast switching movements of the Actuator transmits as an opening impulse to the valve needle.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous further developments of the fuel injector specified in the main claim.
Vorteilhafterweise ist das Ausgleichselement aus einem Topf und einem Deckel ausgebildet, wobei der Topf biegesteif und der Deckel flexibel ist.The compensating element is advantageously formed from a pot and a lid, the pot being rigid and the lid being flexible.
Von Vorteil ist außerdem, daß der Deckel mit Sicken versehen ist, welche die elastische Verformbarkeit des Deckels verbessern .It is also advantageous that the lid is provided with beads that improve the elastic deformability of the lid.
Weiterhin ist von Vorteil, daß der Topf des Ausgleichselements durch Tiefziehen einfach herstellbar ist . Der Deckel kann nach dem Befüllen hermetisch mit dem Topf verbunden werden, so daß das befüllte Ausgleichselement in einfacher Weise als Gesamtbauteil im Brennstoffeinspritzventil montiert werden kann.Another advantage is that the pot of the compensating element is easy to manufacture by deep drawing. After filling, the lid can be hermetically connected to the pot, so that the filled compensating element can be assembled in a simple manner as an overall component in the fuel injector.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Brennstoffeinspritzventils, und Fig 2 einen schematischen Ausschnitt aus dem Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausfuhrungsbeispiel des erf dungs- gemaßen Brennstof femspritzventils im Bereich II m Fig 1Fig. 1 shows a schematic section through an embodiment of a fuel injector designed according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the fuel injection valve according to the invention in the area II m FIG. 1
Beschreibung des AusfuhrungsbeispielsDescription of the exemplary embodiment
Ein m Fig 1 dargestelltes Ausfuhrungsbeispiel eines erf mdungsgemaßen Brennstof femspritzventils 1 ist m der Form eines Brennstof femspritzventils 1 für Brennstoff- emspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, f remdgezundeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstof feinspritzventil 1 eignet sich insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer BrennkraftmaschineAn exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention is designed in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, externally ignited internal combustion engines. The fuel fine injection valve 1 is particularly suitable for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine
Das Brennstof feinspritzventil 1 umfaßt einen Aktor 2, welcher beispielsweise aus piezoelektrischen Schichten 3 aufgebaut ist Der Aktor 2 ist einem Gehäuse 4 gekapselt, an welchem sich der Aktor 2 stirnseitig abstutztThe fuel fine injection valve 1 comprises an actuator 2, which is constructed, for example, from piezoelectric layers 3. The actuator 2 is encapsulated in a housing 4, on which the actuator 2 is supported at the end
Abströmseitig des Aktors 2 ist ein Betatigungselement 5 angeordnet, welches stempelt ormig ausgebildet ist und an einem Ausgleichselement 6 anliegt Eine detaillierteOn the downstream side of the actuator 2, an actuating element 5 is arranged, which is designed in the form of a stamp and rests on a compensating element 6
Darstellung des Ausgleichselements 6 und seineRepresentation of the compensation element 6 and its
Funktionsweise sind der Beschreibung zu Fig 2 zu entnehmen.Operation can be found in the description of FIG. 2.
Abströmseitig des Ausgleichselements 6 ist eine Ventilnadel 7 angeordnet, mit welcher eine Stutzscheibe 8 kraf tschlussig verbunden ist Zwischen der Stutzscheibe 8 und einer Gehauseschulter 9 ist eine Ruckstellfeder 10 angeordnet, welche die Ventilnadel 7 so beaufschlagt, daß e n mit der Ventilnadel 7 verbundener Ventilschließkorper 11 m dichtender Anlage an einer Ventilsitzf lache 12 gehalten wird, welche an einem im Ausfuhrungsbeispiel mit dem Gehäuse 4 des Brennstof femspritzventils 1 integrierten Ventilsitz- korper 17ausgebιldet ist. Wird das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 über eine nicht weiter dargestellte elektrische Leitung bestromt, dehnen sich die piezoelektrischen Schichten 3 des Aktors 2 aus, wodurch der Betat gungskorper 5, das Ausgleichselement 6 und die Ventilnadel 7 entgegen der Kraft der Ruckstellfeder 10 m Abstromrichtung bewegt werden Der mit der Ventilnadel 7 m Wirkverbindung stehende Ventilschließkorper 11 hebt von der Ventilsitzflache 12 ab, wodurch Brennstoff m den nicht naher dargestellten Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine eingespritzt wirdDownstream of the compensating element 6, a valve needle 7 is arranged, with which a support disk 8 is non-positively connected Between the support disk 8 and a housing shoulder 9, a return spring 10 is arranged, which acts on the valve needle 7 so that the valve closing body 11 m connected to the valve needle 7 sealing system is held on a valve seat surface 12, which is formed on a valve seat body 17 integrated in the exemplary embodiment with the housing 4 of the fuel injection valve 1. When the fuel injector 1 is energized via an electrical line (not shown), the piezoelectric layers 3 of the actuator 2 expand, causing the actuating body 5, the compensating element 6 and the valve needle 7 to be moved against the force of the return spring 10 m in the downstream direction Valve needle 7 m operatively connected valve closing body 11 lifts off the valve seat surface 12, whereby fuel m is injected into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, which is not shown in detail
Wird die Bestromung des Aktors 2 eingestellt, ziehen sich die piezoelektrischen Schichten 3 zusammen, wodurch die Ruckstellfeder 10 die Ventilnadel 7 durch Druck auf die Stutzscheibe 8 entgegen der Abs romrichtung bewegt. Der Ventilschließkorper 11 setzt auf der Ventilsitzflache 12 auf, wodurch das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 geschlossen wirdIf the current supply to the actuator 2 is set, the piezoelectric layers 3 contract, as a result of which the return spring 10 moves the valve needle 7 against the abs direction by pressure on the support disk 8. The valve closing body 11 rests on the valve seat surface 12, as a result of which the fuel injection valve 1 is closed
Fig 2 zeigt m einer vergrößerten, schematischen Ansicht den Fig 1 mit II bezeichneten Ausschnitt im Bereich des Ausgleichselements 6FIG. 2 shows an enlarged, schematic view of the detail designated II in the region of the compensating element 6
Das Ausgleichselement 6 hat die Aufgabe, langsame Langenanderungen durch thermische Einflüsse insbesondere des Aktors 2 auszugleichen, damit der Ventilschließkorper 11 nicht bedingt durch die langsame thermische Ausdehnung des Aktors 2 von der Ventilsitzflache 12 abhebt Schnelle Langenanderungen des Aktors 2 durch Bestromen zum Schalten des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 sollen dagegen auf die Ventilnadel 7 übertragen werdenThe compensating element 6 has the task of compensating slow changes in length due to thermal influences, in particular of the actuator 2, so that the valve closing body 11 should not lift off the valve seat surface 12 due to the slow thermal expansion of the actuator 2. Fast changes in length of the actuator 2 by energizing to switch the fuel injection valve 1 are intended on the other hand, are transferred to the valve needle 7
Erf dungsgemaß ist daher das Ausgleichselement 6 aus einem schalenformigen Topf 13, welcher beispielsweise durch Tiefziehen herstellbar ist, und einem Deckel 1^, welcher den Topf 13 abschließt und durch eine umlaufende Schweißnaht mit diesem verbunden sein kann, aufgebaut An dem Topf 13 stutzt sich zulaufseitig das Stempel formige Betatigungselement 5 ab, wahrend an dem Deckel 14 die Ventilnadel 7 anliegt. Der Topf 13 wird vor dem Verschließen mit einer rheologischen Flüssigkeit 15 gefüllt, bevor der Deckel '14 aufgesetzt und der Topf 13 hermetisch abgeschlossen wird.Therefore, the compensating element 6 is constructed from a bowl-shaped pot 13, which can be produced, for example, by deep drawing, and a lid 1, which closes the pot 13 and can be connected to it by a circumferential weld seam the stamp-shaped actuating element 5, while the valve needle 7 rests on the cover 14. The Pot 13 is filled prior to sealing with a rheological fluid 15 before the cover '14 fitted and the pot 13 is closed hermetically.
Die Dicke des Materials des Topfes 13 ist dabei vorzugsweise so gewählt, daß der Topf 13 biegesteif ist, während das Material des Deckels 14 dünner und damit biegsamer gewählt ist. Zusätzlich können zur weiteren Erhöhung der Flexibilität des Deckels 14 Sicken 16 vorgesehen sein, welche beispielsweise ringförmig auf dem Deckel 14 angebracht sind. Durch die Flexibilität des Deckels 14 ist es möglich, daß dieser reversibel elastisch verformt wird, wenn sich verschiedene Bauteile des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch die thermische Belastung beim Betrieb der Brennkraf maschine erwärmen und dadurch eine Längenänderung erfahren.The thickness of the material of the pot 13 is preferably chosen so that the pot 13 is rigid, while the material of the lid 14 is chosen to be thinner and thus more flexible. In addition, to further increase the flexibility of the lid 14 beads 16 can be provided, which are attached to the lid 14, for example in a ring. Due to the flexibility of the cover 14, it is possible that this is reversibly elastically deformed when various components of the fuel injector 1 heat up due to the thermal load during operation of the internal combustion engine and thereby experience a change in length.
Die eingeschlossene rheologische Flüssigkeit 15' verhält sich bei langsamer Beanspruchungsgeschwindigkeit wie eine Flüssigkeit, d. h. der Deckel 14 wird durch die einander entgegenwirkenden Kräfte des sich ausdehnenden Aktors 2 und der Rückstellfeder 10 in den Topf 13 hineingedrückt, so daß das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 trotz der thermischen Längenänderung geschlossen bleibt . Dagegen verhält sich die rheologische Flüssigkeit 15 bei hoher Betätigungs- geschwindigkeit , also bei der Bestromung des Aktors 2 zum Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1, wie ein Festkörper, so daß das Ausgleichselement 6 steif reagiert und den Hub des Aktors 2 auf die Ventilnadel 7 überträgt.The enclosed rheological fluid 15 'behaves like a fluid at a slow rate of stress, i. H. the cover 14 is pressed into the pot 13 by the opposing forces of the expanding actuator 2 and the return spring 10, so that the fuel injector 1 remains closed despite the thermal change in length. In contrast, the rheological fluid 15 behaves like a solid at high actuation speed, that is to say when the actuator 2 is energized to open the fuel injector 1, so that the compensating element 6 reacts stiffly and transmits the stroke of the actuator 2 to the valve needle 7.
Eine derartige Anordnung hat vor allem den Vorteil, daß das Ausgleichselement 6 einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar ist. Das Ausgleichselement 6 hat zudem den Vorteil gegenüber einem hydraulischen Koppler, daß der Funktionsumf ng des piezoelektrischen Aktors 2 nicht eingeschränkt ist. Während bei einem hydraulischen Koppler das Kopplermedium zwischen den Kolben bei zwei schnell aufeinanderfolgenden Impulsen entweicht und die Zeit zum Rückströmen zu kurz ist, kann das Ausgleichselement 6 mit der rheologischen Flüssigkeit 15 auf beliebig schnell aufeinanderfolgende Offnungsimpulse reagieren .Such an arrangement has the main advantage that the compensating element 6 is simple and inexpensive to manufacture. The compensating element 6 also has the advantage over a hydraulic coupler that the range of functions of the piezoelectric actuator 2 is not restricted. While in a hydraulic coupler the coupler medium escapes between the pistons in the case of two rapidly successive pulses and the time for backflow is too short, the compensating element 6 with the rheological fluid 15 can React successively opening impulses as quickly as possible.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausfuhrungsbeispiel beschrankt und z. B. auch für magneto- stπktive Aktoren 2 sowie für beliebige andere Bauweisen von Brennstoffemspritzventilen 1 geeignet. The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment shown and z. B. also suitable for magneto-stπactive actuators 2 and for any other construction of fuel injection valves 1.

Claims

AnsprücheExpectations
1 Brennstoffeinspritzventil (1) zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff m den Brennraum einer gemischverdichtenden, fremdge zündeten Brennkraftmaschine, mit einem piezoelektrischen oder magnetostriktiven Aktor (2) und einer mit dem Aktor (2) über ein Ausgleichselement (6) m Wirkverbindung stehenden Ventilnadel (7), an welcher ein Ventilschließkorper (11) ausgebildet ist, welcher mit einer Ventilsitzflache (12) zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausgleichselement (6) mit einer rheologischen Flüssigkeit (15) gefüllt ist.1 fuel injection valve (1) for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber of a mixture-compressing, externally ignited internal combustion engine, with a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator (2) and a valve needle (7) that is operatively connected to the actuator (2) via a compensating element (6) , on which a valve closing body (11) is formed, which cooperates with a valve seat surface (12) to form a sealing seat, characterized in that the compensating element (6) is filled with a rheological liquid (15).
2. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausgleichselement (6) einen schalenforraig gewölbten Topf (13) aufweist2. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the compensating element (6) has a cup-shaped cup (13)
3 Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 2, dadurc gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausgleichselement (6) einen Deckel (14) aufweist.3 fuel injector according to claim 2, characterized in that the compensating element (6) has a cover (14).
4. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Deckel (14) hermetisch mit dem Topf (13) verbunden ist 4. Fuel injection valve according to claim 3, characterized in that the cover (14) is hermetically connected to the pot (13)
5. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke des den Topf (13) bildenden Materials so gewählt ist, daß der Topf (13) biegesteif ist.5. Fuel injection valve according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the thickness of the pot (13) forming material is selected so that the pot (13) is rigid.
6. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke des den Deckel (14) bildenden Materials so gewählt ist, daß der Deckel (14) elastisch verformbar ist.6. Fuel injection valve according to one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the thickness of the material forming the cover (14) is selected such that the cover (14) is elastically deformable.
7. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Deckel (14) Sicken (16) aufweist.7. Fuel injection valve according to claim 6, characterized in that the cover (14) has beads (16).
8. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sicken (16) ringförmig auf dem Deckel (14) ausgebildet sind.8. Fuel injection valve according to claim 7, characterized in that the beads (16) are annular on the cover (14).
9. Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach einem der Ansprüche 3, 4, 6, 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Deckel (14) der Ventilnadel (7) des Brennstoffe spritzventils (1) zugewandt ist. 9. Fuel injection valve according to one of claims 3, 4, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that the cover (14) of the valve needle (7) of the fuel spray valve (1) faces.
EP02792621A 2002-01-30 2002-11-29 Fuel injection valve Expired - Lifetime EP1472451B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10203659A DE10203659A1 (en) 2002-01-30 2002-01-30 Fuel injector
DE10203659 2002-01-30
PCT/DE2002/004386 WO2003064846A1 (en) 2002-01-30 2002-11-29 Fuel injection valve

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EP1472451A1 true EP1472451A1 (en) 2004-11-03
EP1472451B1 EP1472451B1 (en) 2008-03-26

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US (1) US6932278B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1472451B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4456872B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100942670B1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2003064846A1 (en)

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DE50211993D1 (en) 2008-05-08
WO2003064846A1 (en) 2003-08-07
DE10203659A1 (en) 2003-07-31
US20040159722A1 (en) 2004-08-19
US6932278B2 (en) 2005-08-23
EP1472451B1 (en) 2008-03-26
JP2005516155A (en) 2005-06-02
JP4456872B2 (en) 2010-04-28
KR20040077904A (en) 2004-09-07
KR100942670B1 (en) 2010-02-17

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