EP1471192A1 - Connecting device for concrete components - Google Patents

Abstract

The connector (1) has a cable section (2) which can be concreted into the concrete component and which has at least one section with means for increasing the strength of the cable and/or the anchorage strength in the concrete. At least one cable section has a modulus of elasticity of at least 110.000Mpa. At least one cable section can be formed by a spiral cable or with several strands to increase the strength.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a Concrete component connecting device with at least one Cable section for connecting the concrete components in this at least in sections einbetonierbar.

State of the art

In the field of reinforced concrete construction, in particular the Fertigteilbaus, it is known, precast reinforced concrete means of embedded concrete elements on the construction site to connect with each other. For this purpose come often Connecting elements to use, consisting of a storage box and a connection loop and in the Precast concrete factory in a joint surface of the finished part be embedded in concrete.

For example, WO 03/008737 discloses a device for joining precast concrete elements with at least one one end of the rope loop, with one end is anchored in the precast concrete element and the other, loop-shaped end of one in the precast concrete part used or arranged on the precast concrete part Deposit box protrudes. Similar connection devices are also for example from EP 0914531 B1, EP 0819203 B2 or EP 0534475 B1.

These fasteners are quite suitable proven, a sufficient maximum load capacity of To achieve concrete component connection, as for the design based on common steel concrete standards such as DIN 1045-1 or Eurocode 2 in the so-called ultimate limit state is to prove. In contrast, it is with the known Connecting elements so far failed to prove in the so-called limit state of serviceability fulfill. This is primarily due to the fact that at the known fasteners early cracks set in the concrete of the compound whose crack width becomes overly large. Such cracks are not just out optical reasons undesirable, special affect on significantly the durability and tightness of the Reinforced concrete structure. In particular, occurs at wide cracks in concrete the problem is that the reinforcement no longer works is sufficiently protected against corrosion.

Some attempts to eliminate these problems, such as for example, an increase in loop strength not led to the desired success. Based on these Difficulties were the well-known Connecting elements despite their constructive advantages so far not generally prevail.

Presentation of the invention

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a Concrete component connecting device of the type mentioned provide sufficient usability the concrete component connection and in particular a limited Crack width in the concrete component connection allows.

This object is achieved by a Concrete component connecting device with the features of Claim 1 solved. Advantageous developments of concrete component connecting device according to the invention are in specified in the dependent claims.

The inventors have found that for the limit state fitness for purpose and limitation of cracks in Concrete completely different criteria are decisive than for the Limit state of carrying capacity (failure state). Before this Background, the inventors have recognized that with regard to an improved bearing behavior in the limit state of Serviceability previously taken measures such as a increased rope strength are not effective, but rather the rope stiffness and the anchoring rigidity of the rope section in the concrete for the carrying behavior is.

Accordingly, the at least one cable section of Concrete component connecting device according to the present invention Invention means for increasing the rope stiffness and / or the Anchoring stiffness of the at least one cable section in concrete. This is the first time a Concrete component connecting device provided with the the requirements of common steel concrete standards such as DIN 1045-1, Eurocode 2 or the like not only in the limit state the carrying capacity, but also in the limit state of To be suitable for use. In particular, thanks the inventive means for increasing the rope stiffness and / or the anchoring rigidity of the at least one Rope section in concrete a significant reduction of Crack widths performed in concrete of the concrete component joint become. This results in addition to an improved Appearance increased durability and tightness the connection. In particular, corrosion problems can be significantly reduced.

According to one embodiment of the present invention has the at least one cable section has a modulus of elasticity of at least 110,000 MPa, preferably at least 130,000 MPa.

Under "modulus of elasticity of the rope section" is hereby not the modulus of elasticity of the material used to understand such, but the elasticity module itself when applying a tensile force on the at least one Cable section, for example, a plurality of tortuous wires or strands results. Suitable measures for Increasing the modulus of elasticity of a rope section according to The present invention will be explained below. Through these measures, the rigidity of at least a rope section can be increased significantly, without For example, a higher quality material or a to use higher material strength.

The rigidity of the at least one cable section leaves according to a development of the present invention increase particularly efficiently if means of reducing the geometric stretch of the at least one cable section are provided. Under geometric stretch one understands the Apparition that in a rope that is usually off multiple wires and / or strands is formed, when applied a tensile stress first a transverse contraction of the Rope takes place, in which the individual wires or strands put on each other, resulting in a relatively small Initial stiffness of the rope section leads. Means to Reducing the geometric draft provide accordingly for that the "attachments" of the wires or strands at Application of a load reduced and thus the Initial rigidity of the rope section is increased. hereby results in a significantly improved response of the Rope section, so that this when possible cracks is activated early in the concrete and thereby the further Opening these cracks unlike the prior art can be effectively prevented.

According to another aspect of the present invention have the means for increasing the anchoring rigidity Means for improving the bond between the surface of the at least one cable section and the concrete. By this measure according to the invention, which works very well with the above-described means for reducing the can combine geometrical horizontal bar, that can be Responsiveness of the at least one cable section at The occurrence of a crack in the concrete continues to improve. It was reiterated that the inventors have stated that this response for the prevention of wide cracks in the concrete is authoritative. Only if after the emergence of a Crack in the concrete quickly enough tension in the At least one rope section builds up, can another Opening the crack can be prevented. this will According to the invention by the improved response of at least one section of rope extending through the means for increasing the rope stiffness and / or the Anchoring stiffness of the at least one cable section in concrete, scored.

The means for reducing the geometric stretch of the at least one cable section or to improve the Composite between the surface of at least one Rope section and concrete can take a variety of measures include. Preferred embodiments of these compositions yield in particular from the following Further developments of the present invention.

Although the at least one cable section according to the present invention by any arrangement or Combination of wires or strands can be formed is it according to an embodiment of the present invention preferred that the at least one cable section by a Spiral rope is formed. Such spiral cables have on the one hand because of its tortuous structure one comparatively low geometric strain on, and on the other hand, due to their helical Surface a good bond between the rope surface and the surrounding concrete. In addition, spiral cables economically producible.

To be already packed tight in the unloaded rope Rope structure to achieve, according to a development of Present invention provides that the at least one Rope portion has a plurality of strands, wherein at least one strand has a diameter of deviates from that of the other strands. By the different diameter arise inside the Rope section lower closed cavities, so that when applying a tensile load on the at least one Rope section a lower transverse contraction and thus a lesser geometrical horizontal bar is to be observed. About that In addition, the different diameters lead to one more rugged surface of the rope section, what that Compound behavior of the cable section further improved.

According to another aspect of the present invention the at least one cable section has at least one Cavity, which is accessible so that the penetration of concrete, mortar, cement paste or the like in the at least one cavity is possible. This will be again achieved two effects simultaneously, namely on the one hand that by the penetration of concrete etc. in the at least one cavity the transverse contraction ability of the Rope section is significantly reduced and the occurrence a geometric extension when applying a tensile force on the cable section is largely eliminated. This will the rope stiffness in a simple but highly effective way considerably increased. On the other hand, penetration allows of concrete etc. in the at least one cavity of the Seilabschnitts but also an improved bond between the surface of the rope section and the surrounding concrete, which increases the anchoring rigidity of the cable section. Overall, this results in a much improved Responsiveness of the rope section with the above described advantages.

According to one embodiment of the present invention further provided that the at least one cable section a plurality of strands, wherein at least one strand is spaced from an adjacent strand, in particular in Circumferential direction of the rope section. This will be on simple way creates cavities in which from the outside concrete, Mortar, cement paste or the like can penetrate, what like described above for improved rope stiffness and Anchoring stiffness leads.

According to another aspect of the present invention the at least one cable section has a relationship between rope diameter and lay length of at most 0.1 on. This ratio is also called the impact angle designated, wherein the lay length indicates the length on a strand or a wire of the cable section the outer Circumference of the rope section once circumnavigated. It has shown that at a ratio between Rope diameter and lay length of at most 0.1 already significantly reduced geometric stretching is achieved.

With regard to the composite behavior is according to a Further development of the present invention is provided, that the at least one cable section through at least one Wire or at least one strand is formed by at least one wire and / or at least one strand is entwined. The provision of an additional wire or an additional strand on the outer circumference of the cable section gives the rope section something like a thread Surface that forms liquid in the surrounding concrete einkrallt, so that thereby a simple way excellent bond between rope surface and concrete and thus a significantly improved anchoring behavior correspondingly improved response.

According to a development of the present invention the at least one cable section at least one Anchoring element, preferably at least two Anchoring elements, on. The invention Anchoring elements preferably cause a positive fit Connection between the rope surface and the surrounding Concrete, what the slip between rope surface and concrete drastically reduced and the anchoring rigidity of the at least one rope section in the concrete accordingly drastically increased. This will allow that with the Formation of a crack in the concrete of the crack lying in the crack Rope section is activated immediately, so that possible Cracks securely held together and the crack widths low being held.

It is particularly preferred that the at least one Anchoring element clamp-shaped, plate-shaped and / or is formed like a jag. These shapes are simple produce and allow a secure fit between anchoring element and concrete.

According to a development of this concept, two are each Rope sections arranged together, their adjacent End regions by means of an anchoring element with each other are connected. This results in an advantageous Combination of two rope sections by means of at least an anchoring element in a simple way a loop to form and thereby simultaneously improved Anchoring properties to achieve.

According to another aspect of the present invention further shows the concrete component connecting device at least one storage element, wherein the at least one Deposit element has at least one opening through the at least one cable section is passed, and wherein the at least one cable section opposite to at least one storage element elastic in different Angular positions is deflectable. Such Concrete component connecting device allows a safe Tragverhalten both in terms of maximum load capacity as well as in terms of usability for easier Construction and easy installation on the construction site.

It is particularly preferred that the Concrete component connecting device as described above has at least one anchoring element adjacent to which at least one storage element is located and preferably at most three times the rope diameter of this is removed. The inventors have found that the most damaging cracks in the concrete often near the Deposit element occur, so that a limitation of this Cracks is crucial to what is caused by the above measure of the invention is achieved. In this In accordance with the invention, it is also preferred that the at least one cable section in the storage element can be fixed or anchored to the Anchoring stiffness of the cable section to increase further.

Overall, the invention allows Concrete component connecting device for the first time a compound of concrete components that are low in use Has crack widths. Accordingly, the present Invention according to another aspect of a compound concrete components of at least one Concrete component connecting device ready, in which the Crack width of a single crack in the area of the connection at a mean tensile stress in the at least one Rope section in the crack of at most 33% of the Minimum breaking force of the rope section not exceeding 0.4 mm, preferably at most 0.25 mm.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

schematically shows a perspective view of a Embodiment of Concrete component connecting device according to the present invention;

Fig. 2

schematically shows a sectional view of a first Embodiment of the cable section according to the present invention;

Fig. 3

schematically shows a side view of the in Fig. 2 shown first embodiment of the cable section according to the present invention;

Fig. 4

schematically shows a sectional view of a second Embodiment of the cable section according to the present invention;

Fig. 5

schematically shows a partially cut Perspective view of a third embodiment of the Rope section according to the present invention;

Fig. 6

schematically shows a partially cut Perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the Rope section according to the present invention;

Fig. 7

schematically shows a side view of a fifth Embodiment of the cable section according to the present invention;

Fig. 8

schematically shows plan views of a sixth (Fig. 8a), seventh (Fig. 8b) and eighth (Fig. 8c) Embodiment of the cable section according to the present invention, each as part of a Concrete component connection device;

Fig. 9

schematically shows a connection of two Concrete components using a novel Concrete component connecting device in one cut plan view (Fig. 9a)) and a cut side view (Fig. 9b)).

Detailed description of preferred embodiments

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 to 8 described.

Fig. 1 shows schematically a perspective view of a Embodiment of the concrete component connecting device according to of the present invention. The Concrete component connecting device 1 comprises a Deposit box 10 with an opening 12, by a rope loop 2, which in Fig. 1 purely schematically is shown passed. The shown in Fig. 1 Concrete component connecting device 1 is intended to each in the face of adjacent reinforced concrete components or precast concrete elements to be embedded, with adjacent Loops in the area of the joint form a lap joint, which is poured with concrete or mortar.

The concrete component connecting apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 may instead of the rope loop 2 one or more Have cable sections, their preferred embodiments described below. A first preferred Embodiment of a cable section 2 according to the present invention Invention is shown schematically in Fig. 2 in a sectional view shown. The cable section 2 comprises a plurality of strands 2a, 2b, 2c, which are spirally or helically wound. As in 2, the cable sections 2a, 2b, 2c each have different diameters. Here are the Rope sections arranged such that each cable section another rope section with different diameter borders. In this way, the dimensions of the within the cable section 2 cavities formed in the Comparison to cable sections with strands of the same diameter considerably reduced, so that the geometric extension of the Cable section 2 compared to a conventional cable section is reduced. At the same time this results in a improved bonding behavior of the surface of the Rope section with concrete.

The modulus of elasticity of the cable section 2 in Rope longitudinal direction (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 2) can be set to values thanks to the low geometric bar over 110,000 MPa, preferably over 130,000 MPa increase.

A side view of the first shown in Fig. 2 Embodiment of the cable section 2 is in Fig. 3rd shown schematically. It can be seen that up Reason for the different diameters of the strands 2a, 2b a more corrugated compared to conventional strands Outline results in what the composite properties of the Rope section in concrete improved. In addition, in Fig. 3, the so-called impact angle α indicated by the Ratio between rope diameter d and lay length w depends. In the present embodiment w / d is approximately 0.1, which corresponds to an impact angle α of about 5.7 °. Although low impact angle according to the invention in terms of It is preferred that they have a reduced geometric stretch of course, that the present invention is not is limited thereto.

Fig. 4 shows schematically a sectional view of a second preferred embodiment of the cable section 2 according to the present invention. When shown in Fig. 4 Embodiment come again with strands 2d, 2e different diameters used, although these Embodiment also with strands of the same diameter can be executed. Unlike the first Embodiment has the cable section 2 shown in Fig. 4 Cavities 4 on, from the outer surface of the Rope section 2 are accessible, so that concrete, mortar, Cement glue or the like in each case in the cavities 4th can penetrate. For this purpose are the outboard Strands 2e in the circumferential direction each spaced from each other. The penetration of concrete or the like into the cavities 4 allows, as explained above, a reduction of geometric horizontal bar, as well as an increase in the Anchoring rigidity of the cable section 2 shown.

A third preferred embodiment of the cable section 2 according to the present invention is shown schematically in Fig. 5 in a partially sectioned perspective view shown. The embodiment shown in Fig. 5 differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 mainly in that the strands 2d, 2e are substantially the same Diameter own and the cavities 4 between the external strands 2e are made larger. About that In addition, Fig. 5 shows how the tortuous structure of the Cable section 2 according to the invention an excellent Positive fit of the rope section in concrete or the like allows, in particular in connection with the cavities 4th between the outer strands 2e. It should be noted, that it is not within the scope of the present invention it is necessary that the outer strands 2e as shown lie against the inner strand 2d. Rather, it can too be advantageous here at least partially one To provide a more far-reaching separation To allow penetration of concrete or the like and the Form-fitting in this way to further improve.

Fig. 6 shows schematically a partially sectioned Perspective view of a fourth preferred embodiment of the cable section 2 according to the present invention. Of the Cable section 2 comprises a central cable section 3, the in the present embodiment by a plurality of tortuous Strands 2f is formed. It should be noted that the central rope section 3 by any other Embodiment of the present invention or by a conventional rope section may be formed. Of the central cable section 3 is looped by a strand 6, which extends helically along the outer circumference of the central cable section 3 propagates. It is of course, that instead of a single strand 6 also several strands and / or wires on the outer circumference of the central cable section 3 can be provided. hereby becomes the fit between rope surface and surrounding Concrete improved significantly.

Fig. 7 shows schematically a side view of a fifth preferred embodiment of the cable section 2 according to the present invention. The cable section shown in Fig. 7 2 is equipped with an anchoring element 8, which in the spike-like in the present embodiment, similar to a Barbed wire or the like, is formed. However, it is Note that the anchoring element 8 is also a may have other suitable shape, which improved an Positive fit between the rope surface and the surrounding concrete allows.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention Rope section are shown in Fig. 8, and in each case as Part of an inventive Concrete component connecting device 1. Shown are two concrete component connecting devices 1, the together form a concrete component connection. The three in Fig. 8 embodiments include a Over lap of rope sections 2, 2 ', different However, in the training of rope sections.

Thus, Fig. 8 shows a) a sixth preferred embodiment the concrete component connecting device, the two Cable sections 2, 2 ', each at its free, the other concrete component connecting device 1 facing End with an anchoring element 8 in the form of a compression sleeve or the like. A significant advantage the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 a) exists next a good anchoring behavior in that they have a high Has variability, since the cable sections 2, 2 'not too connected to a loop, which is the handling of the Concrete component connecting device in some Use cases easier.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8 b) are also two cable sections 2, 2 'per Concrete component connecting device provided, wherein the free, each other Concrete component connecting device 1 facing ends of Rope sections 2, 2 'with a common Anchoring element 8 are provided, for example is again formed by a ferrule or the like. This can be compared to Fig. 8 a) components and Save work steps without the use gets more complicated.

Finally, Fig. 8 c) shows an eighth preferred Embodiment, the only a single cable section. 2 has, which is looped in a known manner, but additionally with two anchoring elements 8 equipped in the present embodiment near the transition region of straight cable sections to the curved loop end section lie. The optimal location the anchoring elements 8 can from application to Use case vary. So it is often beneficial to the Anchoring element 8 relatively close to the expected range To arrange cracks, for example near the associated Storage box 10. It goes without saying that the number and arrangement of the anchoring elements 8 in the context of present invention according to the boundary conditions and Requirements can be varied and adjusted. Further is Note that the shown in Figs. 2 to 8 Embodiments advantageously together can be combined. For example, it makes sense the cable sections 2 shown in FIG. 8 with one of the in 2 to 6 to execute rope structures.

An example of the use of the invention Concrete component connecting device 1 is shown in FIG. 9 illustrated. Fig. 9 shows schematically a connection two wall members 22, 24 made of concrete using the concrete component connecting device 1 according to the invention a sectional plan view (Fig. 9a) and a cut side view (Fig. 9b). The wall components 22, 24 are each in their facing end surfaces equipped with a concrete component connecting device 1, which is shown schematically and preferably one of the above corresponds to described embodiments. Im connected State overlap the cable sections 2 of the adjacent Concrete component connecting devices 1 and in addition is a Reinforcing bar 3 inserted between the cable sections 2. Finally, the between the wall components 22, 24th existing cavity in which the cable sections 2 and the reinforcing bar 3, with a suitable mortar or the like shed.

After hardening of the mortar allow the Concrete component connecting devices 1 a power transmission between the adjacent concrete components 22, 24. It can due to static loads, constraining forces, Concrete shrinkage or the like cracking in Impact area between the adjacent concrete components 22, 24th to adjust. An often encountered in practice Crack course is shown schematically in Fig. 9. After that Often a first crack 26 and then a second crack 28 a. The inventive However, concrete component connecting apparatus 1 makes it possible due to the good rope stiffness or Anchoring rigidity of the at least one cable section, to prevent the formation of excessive crack widths and up this way the usability of the To reliably secure concrete component connection 20. In particular, it has been shown that thanks to the The concrete component connecting device according to the invention Width of the individual cracks 26, 28 in the connection 20 in Limit usage to values of 0.25 mm maximum to let. As a state of use was doing a state considered in which in the cable section 2 a middle Tensile stress in the respective crack of the highest 33% of the Minimum breaking force of the rope section was present.

Claims (16)

Concrete component connecting device (1), comprising: at least one cable section (2), which can be at least partially embedded in concrete for joining concrete components, characterized in that
the at least one cable section (2) has means for increasing the cable rigidity and / or the anchoring rigidity of the at least one cable section in concrete. Concrete component connecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one cable section (2) has a modulus of elasticity of at least 110,000 MPa, preferably at least 130,000 MPa. Concrete component connecting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means for increasing the rope stiffness means for reducing the geometric stretching of the at least one cable section (2). Concrete component connecting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cable section (2) is formed by a spiral rope, a Rundlitzenseil or a stranded construction. Concrete component joining device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cable section (2) has a plurality of strands (2a, 2b, 2c), wherein at least one strand (2a) has a diameter which is different from that of the remaining strands (2b , 2c) differs. Concrete component connecting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cable section (2) has at least one cavity (4) accessible in such a way that the penetration of concrete, mortar, cement paste or the like into the at least one cavity (4). is possible. Concrete component connecting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cable section (2) has a plurality (2d, 2e) of strands, wherein at least one strand is spaced from an adjacent strand, in particular in the circumferential direction of the cable section. Concrete component connecting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for increasing the anchoring rigidity comprises means for improving the bond between the surface of the at least one cable section (2) and concrete. Concrete component joining device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cable section (2) has a ratio between rope diameter (d) and lay length (w) of at most 0.1. Concrete component connecting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cable section (2) by at least one wire or at least one strand (2f) is formed, which is looped by at least one wire and / or at least one strand (6). Concrete component connecting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one cable section (2) has at least one anchoring element (8), preferably at least two anchoring elements. Concrete component connecting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in each case two cable sections (2, 2 ') are arranged together, whose adjacent end regions are connected by means of an anchoring element (8). Concrete component connecting device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the at least one anchoring element (8) is formed in a terminal shape, plate-shaped and / or jagged. Concrete component connecting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises at least one storage element (10), wherein the at least one storage element (10) has at least one opening (12) through which the at least one cable section (2) is passed, and
wherein the at least one cable section relative to the at least one storage element (10) is elastically deflectable in different angular positions. Concrete component joining device according to claim 14, characterized in that the at least one anchoring element (8) of the at least one cable section (2) is located adjacent to the at least one storage element (10) and preferably at most three times the rope diameter (d) is removed therefrom. Connection (20) of concrete components (22, 24) with at least one concrete component connecting device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the crack width of an individual crack (26, 28) in the region of the connection at an average tensile stress in the at least one cable section (2) in the crack of at most 33% of the minimum breaking force of the cable section is at most 0.4 mm, preferably at most 0.25 mm.

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