EP1466122A1 - Procede de remplissage d'un reservoir de stockage au moyen d'un carburant gazeux - Google Patents

Procede de remplissage d'un reservoir de stockage au moyen d'un carburant gazeux

Info

Publication number
EP1466122A1
EP1466122A1 EP03729429A EP03729429A EP1466122A1 EP 1466122 A1 EP1466122 A1 EP 1466122A1 EP 03729429 A EP03729429 A EP 03729429A EP 03729429 A EP03729429 A EP 03729429A EP 1466122 A1 EP1466122 A1 EP 1466122A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
pressure level
storage tank
refueled
storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03729429A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Adler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP1466122A1 publication Critical patent/EP1466122A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
    • F17C5/007—Automated filling apparatus for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/043—Methods for emptying or filling by pressure cascade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for refueling a storage container, in particular a motor vehicle storage container, with a gaseous fuel, in particular with gaseous hydrogen, to a pressure of more than 300 bar, the fuel being compressed and temporarily stored.
  • cryogenic media for example GH 2 or LH 2 for gaseous or liquid hydrogen.
  • CNG is also used for compressed natural gas.
  • Hydrogen in particular is currently becoming increasingly important as an energy source due to increasing energy requirements and increased environmental awareness. Aircraft, ships, submarines, trucks, buses and passenger cars are already being piloted using hydrogen-powered turbines or engines.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a generic method for refueling a storage container, in which the aforementioned disadvantages can be avoided.
  • the power consumption required for the compression of the gaseous fuel should be reduced and the refueling temperature should be reduced by approx. 20 to 30 ° C.
  • a generic method for refueling a storage tank which is characterized in that - the compressed fuel is temporarily stored at one or more pressure levels, the storage tank to be refueled during the refueling process in the event of a pressure level from the buffer store or in the case several pressure levels is refueled from the intermediate store or stores, preferably with the one located at the lowest pressure level
  • Intermediate storage is started, and after reaching a compensating pressure between the storage tank to be refueled and the one or more intermediate stores, the filling of the storage tank to be refueled to the final pressure by means of at least one compressor which removes the gaseous fuel from the or at least one of the
  • three or more intermediate pressure levels are preferably provided in practice, in particular when refueling a storage container with gaseous hydrogen.
  • the provision of only one intermediate storage pressure level can represent a comparatively inexpensive and technically satisfactory solution, for example when refueling a storage container with CNG.
  • the method according to the invention for refueling a storage tank is therefore proposed that the compressed fuel be temporarily stored at a low, medium and high pressure level, - the storage tank to be refueled during the refueling process is first refueled from the low-pressure level store and then from the medium-pressure level store and after reaching a compensating pressure between the storage tank to be refueled and the medium-pressure level store, filling the storage tank to be refueled to the final pressure by means of at least one
  • Compressor which compresses the gaseous fuel from the medium-pressure level storage.
  • FIG. 1 shows the schematic structure of a gas station for gaseous hydrogen, in which the method according to the invention can be implemented with three intermediate pressure levels.
  • the stage pressure ratio of the compressor stages 4 and 8 will be determined by the inlet pressure of the hydrogen prevailing in line 1.
  • the compressors 4 and 8 work on electricity consumption. They are preferably driven hydraulically and cooled with hydraulic oil in the outer jacket. An approximately isothermal compression of the gaseous hydrogen can thereby be achieved.
  • the compressed hydrogen is stored in both stores 10 and 13
  • the stores 10 and 13 are constructed, for example, from six bundles each with a geometric volume of 600 l each. With a filling pressure of 300 bar and a compressibility factor of approx. 0.9, this results in a filling volume of approx. 162 m 3 hydrogen per bundle.
  • the stores 10 and 13 thus each have a capacity of 972 m 3 .
  • the store 10 will be referred to as a low-pressure level store and the store 13 as a medium-pressure level store.
  • the required compressor capacity in normal operation is approx. 300 Nm 3 at an inlet pressure of 15 bar. This requires an electrical output of 46 KW, which results in a specific electricity requirement of 0.15 KWh / Nm 3 .
  • the two stores 10 and 13 are filled with 300 bar of hydrogen.
  • a further store 18 - hereinafter referred to as a high-pressure level store - is provided, which is filled with gaseous hydrogen at a pressure of 450 bar.
  • the memory 18 consists, for example, of a 50 liter buffer bottle.
  • the storage pressure of the low-pressure level store 10 is between 150 and 300 bar
  • the storage pressure of the medium-pressure level store 13 is between 200 and 300 bar
  • the storage pressure of the high-pressure level store 18 is between 400 and 450 bar.
  • the maximum storage volume of the high-pressure level store 18 is preferably 1 to 10% of the maximum storage volume of the low-pressure level store 10 and preferably 1 to 10% of the maximum storage volume of the medium-pressure level store 13.
  • the stores 10, 13 and 18 are connected via extraction lines 11, 14 and 19 to a common line 15 leading to the refueling coupling.
  • the initial pressure in the storage tank to be refueled - that is, for example, the motor vehicle storage tank - is first determined using a test burst. A heating curve is calculated from this pressure and compared with the outside temperature, which results in the filling pressure.
  • This test surge is fed from the high-pressure level store 18. Due to the associated drop in pressure in the high-pressure level store 18, the compressors 4 and 8 are switched to the so-called high booster mode.
  • the hydrogen compressed and stored to at least three pressure levels - namely the low 10, the medium 13 and the high pressure level 18 - is initially extracted from the low pressure level accumulator 10 during the refueling process and then from the medium pressure level accumulator 13 via the extraction lines 11 and 14 as well 15 relaxed in the storage tank to be refueled and this filled at least up to the highest pressure prevailing in the medium pressure level storage 13.
  • the maximum flow is preferably regulated to 90 m 3 / min.
  • the hydrogen is regulated to approx. 250 bar so that the maximum flow rate is not exceeded even at a high differential pressure.
  • the controller (not shown in the figure) is switched off by a control valve (also not shown in the figure).
  • the storage tank to be refueled After reaching the equilibrium pressure between the storage tank to be refueled and the medium-pressure level store 13, the storage tank to be refueled is filled to the final pressure in that the second compressor stage 8 takes the gaseous hydrogen from the line 16
  • Medium-pressure level accumulator 13 sucks, compressed to, for example, 450 bar and fed via lines 17 and 15 to the refueling coupling and via this to the storage tank to be refueled;
  • the compressor 8 operates in the so-called high booster mode.
  • the inlet pressure of the second compressor stage 8 should preferably be at least 150 bar.
  • the filling capacity in high booster mode is at least 32.5 Nm 3 hydrogen / min and a maximum of 43 Nm 3 hydrogen / min.
  • the hydrogen still contained therein is supercooled; it has a temperature of approx. - 40 ° C.
  • the outlet temperature of the second compressor stage 8 is therefore approx. 10 ° C., as a result of which a comparatively efficient filling of the storage tank is achieved at approx. 350 bar.
  • the second compressor stage 8 works only approx. 30% of the total refueling time in high booster mode.
  • the electricity consumption per Nm 3 of hydrogen in high booster mode is - based on the total gas volume - approx. 0.015 KWh / Nm 3 of hydrogen. Therefore, the total electricity requirement of the method according to the invention at a refueling pressure of 350 bar is 0.165 KWh / Nm 3 hydrogen.
  • High-pressure level store 18 - for example for the test burst described above - takes place via lines 19 and 15.
  • the method according to the invention also has the advantage that conventional flow meters can be used. So far have been verified
  • Medium pressure level accumulator 13 sucks, conventional, calibrated flow meters can be provided on the suction side of the compressor 8 - that is, for example, in the line 16.
  • the method according to the invention thus makes it possible, for example, to fill two buses in succession.
  • a third bus can then be refueled either more slowly or in the same refueling time of approx. 10 min after a waiting time of 1.6 hours.
  • These refueling times are based on a refueling quantity of 500 Nm 3 hydrogen and are dependent on the storage volume of the low and medium pressure level storage.
  • the entire two-stage compressor station is preferably housed in a concrete housing consisting of an electrical and a gas space.
  • the concrete housing is made explosion-proof - as is the case with gas control stations.
  • the hydraulic unit and the entire electrical installation are housed in the electrical room.
  • the compressor stages are driven by hydraulic oil in the explosion-protected part of the housing (gas space). All cable bushings should be gastight. In the gas room, all installations must be carried out in accordance with ExZone 1.
  • a pressure relief flap is expediently located in the roof of the gas space. Furthermore, the room air in the gas room should be monitored for hydrogen leakage. A hydrogen leak then leads to the compressor station being switched off and the individual sections being sealed off via pneumatic quick-closing valves.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de remplir un réservoir de stockage, en particulier un réservoir de stockage de véhicule automobile, au moyen d'un carburant gazeux, en particulier au moyen d'hydrogène gazeux, à une pression supérieure à 300 bars, ledit carburant étant comprimé et stocké de façon intermédiaire. Selon l'invention, le carburant comprimé est stocké de façon intermédiaire à un ou plusieurs niveaux de pression ; au cours du processus de remplissage, le réservoir de stockage est rempli à partir d'un récipient de stockage intermédiaire si le carburant est stocké à un niveau de pression, et à partir d'un ou de plusieurs récipients de stockage intermédiaires si ce carburant est stocké à plusieurs niveaux de pression, ledit processus de remplissage débutant de préférence avec le récipient de stockage intermédiaire se trouvant au niveau de pression le plus bas ; et, lorsqu'une pression d'équilibre entre le réservoir de stockage à remplir et le(s) récipient(s) de stockage intermédiaire(s) est atteinte, le remplissage dudit réservoir de stockage s'effectue à la pression finale, au moyen d'au moins un compresseur servant à comprimer le carburant gazeux issu du/des récipient(s) de stockage intermédiaire(s).
EP03729429A 2002-01-15 2003-01-07 Procede de remplissage d'un reservoir de stockage au moyen d'un carburant gazeux Withdrawn EP1466122A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10201273 2002-01-15
DE2002101273 DE10201273A1 (de) 2002-01-15 2002-01-15 Verfahren zum Betanken eines Speicherbehälters mit einem gasförmigen Treibstoff
PCT/EP2003/000073 WO2003060374A1 (fr) 2002-01-15 2003-01-07 Procede de remplissage d'un reservoir de stockage au moyen d'un carburant gazeux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1466122A1 true EP1466122A1 (fr) 2004-10-13

Family

ID=7712180

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03729429A Withdrawn EP1466122A1 (fr) 2002-01-15 2003-01-07 Procede de remplissage d'un reservoir de stockage au moyen d'un carburant gazeux

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1466122A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003235622A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10201273A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003060374A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2072884A1 (fr) * 2002-09-25 2009-06-24 Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation Appareil et procédé de remplissage de carburant

Families Citing this family (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005024068A (ja) 2003-07-02 2005-01-27 Toyo Tanso Kk ハロゲンガス又はハロゲン含有ガスの供給装置
EP1559949A1 (fr) * 2004-01-28 2005-08-03 Gaveco AB Appareil et mêthode pour faire le plein d'un véhicule fonctionnant au gaz et de son réservoir
US20070248472A1 (en) * 2004-10-21 2007-10-25 Baumer Klaus Device for Generating Highly Compressed Gas
AT502901B1 (de) 2005-10-31 2009-08-15 Electrovac Ag Vorrichtung zur wasserstoffherstellung
JP2007139145A (ja) * 2005-11-22 2007-06-07 Honda Motor Co Ltd 水素充填ステーション及び水素充填方法
DE102006034791A1 (de) * 2006-07-27 2008-01-31 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betanken eines Druckspeichers, insbesondere des Druckspeichers eines Fahrzeuges mit unter Druck stehendem Wasserstoff
DE102006047313B4 (de) * 2006-10-06 2009-08-20 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Vorrichtung zum schnellen Befüllen von Druckgasbehältern
FR2919375B1 (fr) * 2007-07-23 2009-10-09 Air Liquide Procede de remplissage d'un gaz sous pression dans un reservoir.
KR101239352B1 (ko) 2010-02-24 2013-03-06 삼성중공업 주식회사 부유식 ｌｎｇ 충전소
DE102010020280A1 (de) 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Wasserstoffinfrastruktur
JP5746962B2 (ja) 2011-12-20 2015-07-08 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ガス供給方法およびガス供給装置
SE542134C2 (en) * 2017-07-07 2020-03-03 Boh Westerlund Hydrogen refuelling station comprising a fill tank arranged with a cooling system

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EP0653585A1 (fr) * 1993-11-08 1995-05-17 Maschinenfabrik Sulzer-Burckhardt AG Procédé et installation pour la remplissage rapide d'un réservoir sous pression avec un fluide gazeux

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EP0607750B1 (fr) * 1993-01-22 1997-11-19 Maschinenfabrik Sulzer-Burckhardt AG Dispositif de ravitaillement d'un réservoir mobile sous pression à combustible gazeux et procédé pour mettre en oeuvre un tel dispositif
DE19650999C1 (de) * 1996-11-26 1998-06-04 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren zur Befüllung eines mobilen Gastanks und Zapfanlage
DE19843669C1 (de) * 1998-09-23 2000-03-16 Hermann Josef Winter Zapfanlage und Verfahren zum Befüllen eines Gastanks mit einem Arbeitsgas, insbesondere Erdgas
DE10018612C1 (de) * 2000-04-09 2001-12-06 Winter Hermann Josef Anlage zur Befüllung von Gastanks
JP2001295994A (ja) * 2000-04-11 2001-10-26 Air Liquide Japan Ltd 圧縮ガスの移充填方法

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EP0653585A1 (fr) * 1993-11-08 1995-05-17 Maschinenfabrik Sulzer-Burckhardt AG Procédé et installation pour la remplissage rapide d'un réservoir sous pression avec un fluide gazeux

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See also references of WO03060374A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2072884A1 (fr) * 2002-09-25 2009-06-24 Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation Appareil et procédé de remplissage de carburant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003235622A1 (en) 2003-07-30
WO2003060374A1 (fr) 2003-07-24
DE10201273A1 (de) 2003-07-24

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