EP1463910B1 - Stiftheizer - Google Patents

Stiftheizer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1463910B1
EP1463910B1 EP01271801A EP01271801A EP1463910B1 EP 1463910 B1 EP1463910 B1 EP 1463910B1 EP 01271801 A EP01271801 A EP 01271801A EP 01271801 A EP01271801 A EP 01271801A EP 1463910 B1 EP1463910 B1 EP 1463910B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pin heater
conductive layer
heater
pin
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01271801A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1463910A1 (de
Inventor
Gert Lindemann
Wilfried Aichele
Andreas Reissner
Friedericke Lindner
Christof Rau
Guenter Knoll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1463910A1 publication Critical patent/EP1463910A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1463910B1 publication Critical patent/EP1463910B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pin heater, in particular in a glow plug for diesel engines, according to the closer defined in the preamble of claim 1. Art.
  • glow plugs with metallic and ceramic heaters are known.
  • Common designs of the ceramic glow plugs have internal metallic or ceramic heaters, which are sintered into a high-temperature-stable non-conductive ceramic.
  • glow plugs can only be made by consuming Schupreßcron.
  • glow plugs with external heaters made of composite ceramics can be produced by simpler and more cost-effective sintering processes.
  • a glow plug for diesel engines with a cylindrical metal tube, with a connection device for electrical contacting and with a ceramic heater is known for example from WO 96/27104.
  • the cylindrical metal pipe holds at its tip the ceramic heater cantilevered, wherein the ceramic heater is contacted with the terminal device, so that a current flows through the ceramic heater during the annealing process.
  • the ceramic heater has at least one point of reduced cross-section, wherein the cross-sectional reduction of the ceramic heater takes place at the point where the fuel-air mixture impinges.
  • the cross-sectional reduction is realized in this ceramic heater so that the wall thickness of the side wall is reduced at the relevant point accordingly.
  • WO 00/35830 describes a further conventional solution for creating a rapidly heating pin heater, this in turn being achieved by reducing the cross section of the pin heater in the region of the hot zone.
  • a pin heater is designed for reducing the cross section with a filigree tip.
  • EP-A-1 092 696 discloses a sintered ceramic composite body comprising a ceramic composite structure with an insulating layer and one substantially external to it having arranged conductive layer.
  • the composite body has a constant overall cross-section, with the exception of a tip, in which increases the proportion of the insulating layer against the portion of the conductive layer.
  • the pin heater should have a diameter in the range of about 2 mm to 5 mm.
  • the proposed pin heater in a glow plug for diesel engines with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the size of the pin heater can be kept very low and the diameter of the pin heater is in a range of about 2mm to 5 mm.
  • this is formed substantially rotationally symmetrical. This has proved to be advantageous because, with such a design of the pin heater, it is possible for the plug to glow in its central tip region, as required for modern direct injection diesel engines.
  • the insulating layer is substantially encased by the conductive layer.
  • the pin heater is produced by injection molding and the insulating layer is first injection molded, wherein the insulating layer with its edge region, that is, the area not adjacent to the conductive layer, at least partially up to the periphery of the pin heater extends.
  • the insulation layer can be placed in a tool for spraying the conductive layer, for example perpendicular to the mold parting plane.
  • the pin heater has a diameter in the range of about 2 mm to 5 mm.
  • the arrangement of the conductive layer and the insulating layer is favorably optimized for a respective production method of the pencil candle.
  • Preferred production methods are injection molding and / or transfer molding.
  • the optimization is preferably carried out by means of analytical methods, in particular by means of a finite element method. With such an optimization, it is possible that a geometry of the Stiftheizers is calculated, for example, by a two-stage injection molding process without Post-processing and subsequent sintering can be made very easily and inexpensively.
  • the ceramic composite structure of the conductive and insulating layer particularly preferably comprises trisilicontetranitride as components and a metal silicide. It is particularly preferred that the ceramic composite structure for the conductive layer of 60 wt .-% MoSi 2 and 40 wt .-% Si 3 N 4 and sintering additives, and for the insulating layer of 40 wt .-% MoSi 2 and 60 wt .-% Si 4 N 4 and sintering additives formed.
  • a pin heater 1 in a longitudinal sectional view, with a conductive layer 2 lying substantially on the outside and an insulating layer 3 lying substantially inside, the insulating layer 3 being sandwiched by the conductive layer 2.
  • Both layers 2, 3 comprise a ceramic composite structure.
  • this pin heater 1 has a uniform overall cross-section over its entire length, wherein the insulation layer 3 experiences a cross-sectional enlargement in the region of a tip 4 of the pin heater 1, while the proportion of the outer conductive layer 2 with respect to the overall cross-section reduced accordingly.
  • the pin heater according to the preferred embodiment is designed to be symmetrical. Symmetry can here be symmetrical about an axis of symmetry lying in the cross-sectional plane or symmetry about an axis of rotation along the axis of the pin heater in a crystallographic sense.
  • a pin heater 1 is shown, whose shape, in particular the shape of the conductive layer 2 to the insulating layer 3, optimized by analytical methods was, with the optimization with respect to the manufacturing process of the Stiftheizers 1, in particular carried out by injection molding.
  • Such a pin heater 1 can be realized in a simple injection molding process, wherein first the insulating layer 3 is pre-injected in a preformed tool and the ceramic conductive layer 2 is injected in a second step around the insulating layer 3 around.
  • An expansion 3A of the insulation layer 3 at the edges of the pin heater 1 shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 increases the injection-moldability of such a pin heater 1 as well as the positional stability of the insulation layer 3 in the tool for spraying the conductive layer 2. In this way, an injection molding of the pin heater 1 without material overhangs, the post-processing condition, possible.
  • the conductive layer 2 consists at least approximately of 60 wt .-% MoSi 2 , 40 wt .-% Si 3 N 4 and sintering additives, and the insulating layer 3 of 40 wt .-% MoSi 2 , 60 wt .-% Si 3 N 4 and sintering additives.
  • the powder mixtures are kneaded with a polypropylene or anhydride grafted with acrylic acid such as Polybond 1000 binder and cyclododecane or cyclododecanol as auxiliaries, which have a total of 15 to 20 wt .-% of the injection molding compound.
  • a polypropylene or anhydride grafted with acrylic acid such as Polybond 1000 binder and cyclododecane or cyclododecanol as auxiliaries, which have a total of 15 to 20 wt .-% of the injection molding compound.
  • transitions between insulating layer 3 and conductive layer 2 were rounded or rounded, which in turn has proved to be advantageous in terms of injection molding, since after spraying the conductive layer 2, no peaks of the thermal stresses at sharp corners and edges.
  • the shape of the pin heater 1 which has been optimized with regard to the material and the spraying method specified above can be seen more precisely by way of an exemplary size specification.
  • the diameter d1 of the pin heater is 3.3 mm
  • the width b1 of the insulation layer 3 between the shoulders is 1.9 mm to 2 mm
  • the thickness or the diameter of the heating channel d2 is 0.35 mm
  • the thickness of the insulation layer is 0. 8 mm.
  • the angle ⁇ of the insulation layer shoulder is preferably 120 °.
  • the pin heater 1 shown in Figure 6 is essentially a sandwich-mounted pin heater 1, in which the insulating layer 3 is disposed substantially between the conductive layer 2, wherein the insulating layer 3 at least partially expires to the edge of the pin heater 1 ,
  • the insulating layer 3 is injection-molded.
  • the gate is located at the thickest point of the insulating layer 3, ie according to the present invention in the region of the tip 4.
  • a layer thickness of at least 0.8 mm injection-moldable is applied to the surface of the cavity of the injection-molding tool, thinner insulation layers 3 can also be injection-molded.
  • this insulating layer 3 is inserted into the tool perpendicular to the mold parting plane, i. So standing, inserted and the conductive layer 2 sprayed.
  • Injection takes place on the foot, the overmolding of the insulating layer 3 with conductive material from the foot to the tip 4.
  • the surface of the insulating layer 3 melts for a short time and connects to the conductive layer 2.
  • the contour of the insulating layer 3 is on the mold wall with four edges designed so that these edges can be easily reached or melted by the melt of the Leit Mrsmasse. For this purpose, in particular the rounded transitions are provided.
  • insulating layer 3 and conductive layer 2 can be located in the area of the cavity Transition of insulating layer 3 and conductive layer 2 are in turn provided with a thermal barrier coating.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP01271801A 2000-10-27 2001-10-30 Stiftheizer Expired - Lifetime EP1463910B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10053327A DE10053327C2 (de) 2000-10-27 2000-10-27 Stiftheizer
US10/169,170 US6710305B2 (en) 2000-10-27 2001-10-30 Sheath heater
PCT/DE2001/004097 WO2003040623A1 (de) 2000-10-27 2001-10-30 Stiftheizer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1463910A1 EP1463910A1 (de) 2004-10-06
EP1463910B1 true EP1463910B1 (de) 2007-02-07

Family

ID=27625023

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01271801A Expired - Lifetime EP1463910B1 (de) 2000-10-27 2001-10-30 Stiftheizer

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6710305B2 (hu)
EP (1) EP1463910B1 (hu)
JP (1) JP3977806B2 (hu)
CZ (1) CZ302319B6 (hu)
DE (2) DE10053327C2 (hu)
ES (1) ES2280305T3 (hu)
HU (1) HUP0301998A3 (hu)
WO (1) WO2003040623A1 (hu)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10155230C5 (de) 2001-11-09 2006-07-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Stiftheizer in einer Glühstiftkerze und Glühstiftkerze
US20050011876A1 (en) 2002-11-26 2005-01-20 Takashi Uetani Soldering iron with replaceable tip cap
DE10353972B4 (de) * 2003-11-19 2006-03-16 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von keramischen Glühkerzen
DE10353973B4 (de) * 2003-11-19 2006-08-17 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen eines keramischen Glühstiftes für eine keramische Glühkerze
DE102004033153B4 (de) * 2004-06-11 2007-03-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Glühkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US7115836B2 (en) * 2004-06-29 2006-10-03 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glow plug
US7675005B2 (en) * 2004-10-28 2010-03-09 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Ceramic igniter
CA2596006A1 (en) * 2005-02-05 2006-08-17 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Ceramic igniters
DE102005024623B4 (de) * 2005-05-30 2007-08-23 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen eines keramischen Glühstiftes für eine Glühkerze
DE102005030208A1 (de) * 2005-06-29 2007-01-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze
US7182654B1 (en) 2005-09-02 2007-02-27 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for coupling a sheathed heater to a power harness
JP2007227063A (ja) * 2006-02-22 2007-09-06 Kyocera Corp セラミックヒータ
WO2009104401A1 (ja) * 2008-02-20 2009-08-27 日本特殊陶業株式会社 セラミックヒータ及びグロープラグ
DE102009015536B4 (de) * 2009-04-01 2011-01-13 Beru Ag Keramischer Glühstift und Glühkerze

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4816643A (en) * 1985-03-15 1989-03-28 Allied-Signal Inc. Glow plug having a metal silicide resistive film heater
US4814581A (en) * 1986-10-09 1989-03-21 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Electrically insulating ceramic sintered body
JPH01140582A (ja) * 1987-11-26 1989-06-01 Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co Ltd セラミックヒータ
US5304778A (en) * 1992-11-23 1994-04-19 Electrofuel Manufacturing Co. Glow plug with improved composite sintered silicon nitride ceramic heater
DE4335292A1 (de) * 1993-10-15 1995-04-20 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Glühkerze
US5367994A (en) * 1993-10-15 1994-11-29 Detroit Diesel Corporation Method of operating a diesel engine utilizing a continuously powered glow plug
DE19506950C2 (de) * 1995-02-28 1998-07-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glühstiftkerze für Dieselmotoren
US5676100A (en) * 1996-08-30 1997-10-14 Caterpillar Inc. Glow plug assembly
JP3411498B2 (ja) * 1997-04-23 2003-06-03 日本特殊陶業株式会社 セラミックヒータ、その製造方法、及びセラミックグロープラグ
JPH11257659A (ja) * 1998-03-10 1999-09-21 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd セラミックヒータ及びセラミックグロープラグ
US6064039A (en) * 1998-04-15 2000-05-16 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glow plug with small-diameter sheath tube enclosing heating and control coils
DE19857958A1 (de) * 1998-12-16 2000-06-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stiftheizer
US6184497B1 (en) * 1999-06-16 2001-02-06 Le-Mark International Ltd. Multi-layer ceramic heater element and method of making same
DE19930334C2 (de) * 1999-07-02 2003-07-31 Beru Ag Keramischer Heizstab und diesen enthaltende Glühkerze und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE19949823A1 (de) * 1999-10-15 2001-04-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Gesinterter keramischer Verbundkörper
US6396028B1 (en) * 2001-03-08 2002-05-28 Stephen J. Radmacher Multi-layer ceramic heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ302319B6 (cs) 2011-03-09
US20030106885A1 (en) 2003-06-12
WO2003040623A1 (de) 2003-05-15
US6710305B2 (en) 2004-03-23
ES2280305T3 (es) 2007-09-16
HUP0301998A3 (en) 2007-10-29
CZ20022187A3 (cs) 2003-08-13
DE50112014D1 (en) 2007-03-22
HUP0301998A2 (hu) 2003-09-29
JP2004537155A (ja) 2004-12-09
JP3977806B2 (ja) 2007-09-19
DE10053327C2 (de) 2003-04-10
DE10053327A1 (de) 2002-05-16
EP1463910A1 (de) 2004-10-06

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